Vertical traces through openings raise I/O density without enlarging or thickening the substrate, helping maintain yield and limit warpage.
A grounded coaxial via layout removes insulating-layer mismatch to improve high-frequency signal integrity and EMI shielding.
A solid electrolyte membrane replaces resin resist to plate fine wiring with stronger seed-layer adhesion, fewer steps, and less liquid waste.
Photolithography, electrolytic plating, and polishing replace laser drilling to form 14 μm vias and 30–50 μm pitch in multi-layer boards.
A jig imprint-etches the conductive layer to form circuit patterns without lithography, cutting process complexity, defects, and cost.
Long-axis grooves in the bending region release stress and let a rigid circuit board bend to larger angles without damage.
Local IR heating over a smaller resist area cuts UV fluence and exposure time while limiting thermal distortion in direct imaging.
This case uses a release layer and overlapping openings to distribute warpage stress, improve adhesion, and support manufacturing yield.
A multilayer carrier foil design with a chromium release layer improves peeling consistency for ultra-thin copper applications.
Rolling mask lithography produces seamless metal mesh with submicron linewidths, eliminating seam lines from cylindrical mask lamination.