APERFEIÇOAMENTO APLICADO EM IMPLEMENTO PARA O PREPARO DO SOLO

Abstract

This utility model patent refers to an improvement applied to an implement for soil preparation in the planting of sugarcane and other crops, belonging to the field of equipment and implements with a focus on agronomic benefits, comprising an agricultural implement that will contribute to improving the physical and chemical conditions for planting in land preparation.

Description

1 / 7 IMPROVEMENT APPLIED TO AN IMPLEMENT FOR SOIL PREPARATION. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] This utility model patent refers to an improvement applied to an implement for soil preparation in the planting of sugarcane and other crops, belonging to the field of agricultural equipment and implements, which was developed with the aim of optimizing mechanization with a focus on agronomic benefits, in order to improve the physical and chemical conditions for planting in the preparation of the land that has been arranged to provide the best process for the purpose for which it is intended. To be more resistant, efficient and present other advantages in relation to conventional similar implements.

[002] The improvement applied to the soil preparation implement was given an original construction, with a view to improving its use and efficiency. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[003] Agricultural implements for preparing the soil for sugarcane cultivation are already known, consisting of a drive system using reduction cardan shafts, crown and pinion, which require greater effort from the motor source, causing wear in contact with the soil; - implements equipped with scarifying tines; - agricultural implements of the bed former type for planting a perennial crop such as sugarcane, equipped with a tubular chassis which moves along the bed during preparation by means of ground wheels, consisting of a series of tool-holder bars which extend longitudinally in relation to the direction of movement of the implement; - separate implements to perform subsoiling operations to scarify the terrain and the use of a rotary hoe to shred, which requires more time to complete the preparation of the chosen crop; - and implements that penetrate the soil doing the Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, p. 26 / 35 2 / 7 scarification of the same when the tractor is driven along the terrain, equipped with a chassis that incorporates a set of tines in its front part, which form the subsoiler, and the rear part of the chassis has a rotating shaft that holds hoes, associated with a transmission and reduction box driven by the tractor's power take-off, constituting a rotary hoe that is responsible for crushing the soil.

[004] Despite the widespread use and efficiency of these types of inventions, some drawbacks can be attributed to them, for example: - risk of erosion; - need for more labor; greater loss of water in the soil; - need for greater irrigation; equipment constructed from steel plates fitted with rotating elements for the purpose of opening up the soil; - Lack of suitability for its specific functions; - Problems in its construction and operation, which do not satisfactorily achieve the desired objectives during its use; - Excessive effort from the motor source, which causes wear in contact with the soil; - Longer time for soil preparation, which depends on two operations to achieve the objective; - Preparation and bed formation operation of the crop bed that becomes slow and often ineffective. This results in slower work, wasted time and cost, making the process ineffective compared to equipment known in the state of the art. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[005] In view of these problems and with the aim of overcoming them, an improvement was developed and applied to an implement for soil preparation, whose objectives and advantages of the technology employed in this utility model patent, to which original construction and industrial application were given, are: - better pest control; Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, page 27 / 35 3 / 7 - Keep the soil free of clods, which helps improve seed reception; - good aeration in the topsoil layer; - It is easily coupled to various types of tractors; To meet the market's need for versatile equipment capable of performing different operations in the cultivation of sugarcane and other crops; - Provision for work in plantings with spacing of 90 by 150 cm or work only on one row in plantings with spacings of 150 and 140 cm. Thus, performing subsoiling work with rotary hoes in the planting spacings mentioned, or, if the client prefers, it is up to them to assess the soil conditions and choose to work only with subsoiling and keep the rotary hoes out of operation; It acts in the subsoiling of deeper layers, loosening the soil and improving its ability to absorb water and additives, helping to reduce acidity, since compacted soil does not allow aeration and contributes to the development of anaerobic microorganisms, which contribute to acidifying the soil; - Provide the 22-inch disc implement with an impact spring and directional stroke stabilizer, which allows it to work at the depth dictated by the furrowing shank. The impact spring will act with compression, relieving any impact upon contact with any rigid body in the equipment's path. This prevents the body from getting caught in the shank and hindering the equipment's operation. The stroke stabilizer is limited to +5° and -5° of the working position, improving the equipment's stability in case of any sudden change of direction executed by the operator; - To provide the implement with serrated side discs, which serve to shape the garden bed and, primarily, to collect debris. Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, pp. 28 / 35 4 / 7 organic discs are laterally directed into the rotary tiller, which will perform the work of crushing and incorporating the material. The disc assembly works by copying the soil because it is mounted on a support that has oblongs and is fixed to the implement's tool holder bar by clamps that facilitate its adjustment and maintenance; - To provide the implement of independent hydraulic rotary tillers mounted for the working positions, which was developed to be used with the aid of hydraulic cylinders and mechanical adjustments, in order to level the rotary tillers according to the soil being worked on, that is, the action of the rotary tillers to have better efficiency in more silted or uneven areas. The power and torque transmission system specifically designed for this application consists of a circuit that combines tractor-independent hydraulics with mechanical transmission. These circuits are composed of a hydraulic pump, relief valve, hydraulic motors, planetary speed reducer, bearings, bushings, heat exchanger and oil reservoir. Each rotary tiller has an operating range and depth, according to the type of planting; - to provide the implement with a steel structure in such a way that it is capable of supporting the loads required in the operation of the equipment, for lifting it into a transport position, or positioning the equipment at the start of the operation. The equipment is connected directly to the tractor's 3-point hitch system, being dragged, lifted and aligned to the working positions.

[006] This form of construction of an improvement applied to an implement for soil preparation has the function of solving the aforementioned inconveniences, since the invention offers the operator safety and practicality, reducing waste and time spent. Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, pp. 29 / 35 5 / 7 during the soil preparation and planting process for sugarcane and other crops.

[007] On the other hand, this implement offers greater efficiency and practicality for the operator compared to conventional ones found on the market, and solves the listed problems with the following advantages: - Easy handling and use of the implement by the operator; - Proper soil preparation for planting sugarcane and other crops, eliminating plant stubble before planting; - Low implementation cost; - To provide a more efficient operation for preparing the planting bed for a crop; - Development of an implement capable of efficiently scarifying the soil when a tractor is driven across the terrain; - performing various cultivation operations for sugarcane and other crops; It acts in the subsoiling of deeper layers, loosening the soil and improving its ability to absorb water and additives, helping to reduce its acidity. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[008] For a better understanding of the present utility model patent, a detailed description thereof is given below, making reference to the attached drawings, whose figures exemplify an original form of improvement applied to an implement for soil preparation, in which Fig. 1 shows the assembled structural header in perspective; Fig. 1A shows the reservoirs for pesticides; Fig. 2 shows in exploded perspective the implement with the hydraulic soil-copying actuators and the set of components that are part of the implement; Fig. 3 Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, pp. 30 / 35 Figures 6 / 7 show the protective support and guide; Figure 3A shows the limestone reservoir and the set of components that make up the implement; Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the pesticide reservoirs and the set of components that make up the implement; Figure 4A shows the pesticide guide tube and the components that constitute the implement; Figure 4B shows the fan-shaped pesticide guide nozzles; Figure 5 shows the straw and organic matter guide discs; Figure 6 shows the subsoiler shank in working position and the shank in disarming position, and the components that make up the implement.

[009] In accordance with what is illustrated in the figures above, the improvement applied to the implement for soil preparation, object of the present patent, is characterized by comprising Fig. 1 structural header (1); cutting disc assembly (2); subsoiler shank assembly with pesticide application system (3); directional disc assembly (4); rotary assembly (5); mechanical arm assembly with wheels for adjusting the working height of the rotary (6); clod-breaking and bed-shaping roller (7); mechanical arms for supporting and copying the soil of the rotary assembly (8); reservoir for limestone or any type of solid granulated or powdered product for soil preparation (10); high-performance hydraulic pump assembly (11); illustrative tractor model (29); Fig. 1A reservoirs for pesticides (9); hydraulic reservoir (12); Fig.2 hydraulic actuators for soil copying (19); hydraulic motor (20); planetary reducer (21); rotor with blades mounted in a helical arrangement (22); rotary assembly (5); mechanical arm assembly with wheels for adjusting the working height of the rotary (6); clod breaker and bed shaper roller (7); mechanical arms for supporting and copying the soil of the rotary assembly (8); Fig. 3 protective support and guide (15); Fig. 3A reservoir for. Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, pages 31 / 35 7 / 7 limestone or any type of granulated or powdered solid product for soil preparation (10); filling cap with gas shock absorbers (13); hydraulic actuator (14); protective support and deflector (15); gear and chain assembly (16); hydraulic motor (17); stainless steel conveyor belt (18); Fig. 4 reservoirs for pesticides (9); subsoiler shank assembly with pesticide application system (3); pump to direct the pesticide product (23); filter and control for the pesticide (24); fan-shaped jet (30); Fig. 4A pesticide product deflector tube (25); fan-shaped pesticide deflector nozzles (26); shank wear tip (27); subsoiling shank made of structural steel (28); Fig. 4B fan-shaped pesticide deflector nozzles (26); fan-shaped jet (30,30); Fig. 5 discs directing straw and organic material residue (4,4); Fig.6 subsoiler shank in working position and subsoiler shank in disarming position (3,3); subsoiler shank stop plate (31); subsoiler shank center pin (32); shear pin (33); rotary assembly (5).

[010] Finally, the present utility model patent for an improvement applied to an implement for soil preparation presents an original, practical and functional form capable of meeting the different needs of users of this type of equipment. Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, pages 32 / 35

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIM [001] IMPROVEMENT APPLIED TO IMPLEMENT FOR SOIL PREPARATION, comprising an implement for soil preparation in the planting of sugarcane and other crops, belonging to the field of agricultural equipment and implements, characterized by comprising a structural header (1); cutting disc assembly (2); subsoiler shank assembly with pesticide application system (3); directional disc assembly (4); rotary assembly (5); mechanical arm assembly with wheels for adjusting the working height of the rotary (6); clod-breaking and bed-shaping roller (7); mechanical arms for supporting and copying the soil of the rotary assembly (8); reservoir for limestone or any type of granulated or powdered solid product for soil preparation (10); high-performance hydraulic pump assembly (11); illustrative tractor model (29); Fig.IA reservoirs for pesticides (9); hydraulic reservoir (12); hydraulic soil copying actuators (19); hydraulic motor (20); planetary reducer (21); rotor with blades mounted in a helical arrangement (22); rotary assembly (5); mechanical arm assembly with wheels for adjusting the working height of the rotary (6); clod breaker and bed shaper roller (7); mechanical arms for supporting and copying the soil of the rotary assembly (8); Fig.3 protective support and guide (15); reservoir for limestone or any type of solid granulated or powdered product for soil preparation (10); filling lid with gas shock absorbers (13); hydraulic actuator (14); protective support and guide (15); gear and chain assembly (16); hydraulic motor (17); stainless steel conveyor belt (18); reservoirs for pesticides (9); subsoiler shank assembly with pesticide application system (3); pump to direct the pesticide product (23); filter and control for the pesticide (24); fan-shaped jet (30); product guide tube Petition 870200130530, of 10 / 16 / 2020, page 24 / 35. 2 / 2 pesticide (25); fan-shaped pesticide direction nozzles (26); shank wear tip (27); subsoiling shank made of structural steel (28); Fig. 4B fan-shaped pesticide direction nozzles (26); fan-shaped jet (30,30); straw and organic material direction discs (4,4); subsoiler shank in working position and subsoiler shank in disarming position (3,3); subsoiler shank stop plate (31); subsoiler shank center pin (32); shear pin (33); rotary assembly (5). Petition 870200130530, dated 10 / 16 / 2020, p. 25 / 35

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