A full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical line coordinate measuring machine, comprising: a light source module, a vertical line, a field angle control window, a core circuit and a peripheral circuit; wherein the core circuit is respectively connected to the peripheral circuit and the light source module, and is used to control the light source brightness of the light source module; the peripheral circuit is used to provide voltage; the vertical line is fixed on the measured structure; the light source module and the field angle control window are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the vertical line, and the light source module generates parallel light to the direction of the vertical line and the field angle control window; the vertical line generates a shadow under the illumination of the parallel light, which is projected on the core circuit through the field angle control window, and is detected and calculated by the core circuit. The coordinate measuring machine adopts the field angle control window, which can effectively suppress the ambient background light in the parallel light, and improve the detection accuracy and the adaptability to the full-time environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering structure monitoring, and in particular to a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric plumb line coordinate measuring machine, which is suitable for monitoring horizontal displacement and tilt deformation at different elevations of large civil engineering structures such as dams, nuclear power plant reactor containment vessels, buildings, bridges, tunnels and other large-scale buildings. Background Art

[0002] Due to the influence of engineering geology, external conditions and other factors, large-scale civil engineering structures will produce certain deformations during construction and operation. Usually, the engineering structure will tilt, sink, twist, crack, etc. as a whole or in part. If it exceeds a certain limit, it will affect the normal use of the building, and even threaten people's lives and property. Therefore, certain technical means are needed to observe the deformation and displacement of civil engineering structures for a long time and periodically. Structural deformation monitoring is to monitor the deformation size and spatial position of the deformed body over time under the action of various loads and natural forces through technical means. It is a basic means to grasp the working state of civil engineering structures and is of great significance to ensure the smooth implementation and safe operation of engineering projects.

[0003] Structural deformation monitoring requires observation technology to meet the requirements of periodic repeated observation, high precision, and non-contact measurement, while traditional contact measurement methods cannot meet the requirements of structural deformation monitoring. Since photoelectric sensing technology has the advantages of non-contact measurement, it also has the advantages of high resolution and wide bandwidth compared to traditional measurement methods. Therefore, it is widely used in high-precision and ultra-precision positioning measurement. Among them, linear array CCD (charge-coupled device) is an important photoelectric sensing component widely used in industrial monitoring, spectral measurement and other fields. It has the advantages of wide spectral range, small size, light weight, low power consumption, long life, and high reliability. It has become one of the most widely used photoelectric sensor devices.

[0004] The most widely used vertical coordinate measuring instrument is a measuring device based on linear array CCD photoelectric sensor technology for measuring the displacement and deformation of large buildings. Its principle is to use the linear array CCD to measure the position of the shadow produced by the parallel light (recorded as signal light) passing through the vertical line on the CCD to calculate the displacement of the vertical line.

[0005] Since the linear array CCD is sensitive to optical signals, the intensity of the signal light needs to match the photoelectric characteristics of the CCD itself. At the same time, the linear array CCD is not only sensitive to the signal light related to the measurement, but also easily interfered by stray light (such as ambient background light) that is irrelevant to the measurement or even interferes with the measurement. Specifically, the measurement equipment has high requirements for ambient light and needs to manually adjust the brightness of the light source. It usually cannot meet the measurement needs throughout the day, affecting the applicability and robustness of the measurement device.

[0006] To solve the above problems, some actual engineering applications use filters to reduce the interference of ambient background light, which can improve the applicability of the measuring device to a certain extent. However, when the ambient background is strong, the measuring device will have large measurement errors and still cannot meet the measurement needs throughout the day.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a vertical coordinate measuring machine that can meet the measurement needs of all day is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine, which can solve the problem of the influence of environmental background light on the measuring device.

[0009] The embodiment of the present invention provides a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical line coordinate measuring machine, including: a light source module, a vertical line, a field angle control window, a core circuit and a peripheral circuit;

[0010] The core circuit is connected to the peripheral circuit and the light source module respectively; the core circuit is used to control the light source brightness of the light source module, and the peripheral circuit is used to provide voltage for the core circuit and the light source module;

[0011] The vertical line is fixed on the structure to be measured;

[0012] The light source module and the field of view angle control window are arranged on opposite sides of a vertical line, respectively. The light source module generates parallel light in the direction of the vertical line and the field of view angle control window. The vertical line generates a shadow under the irradiation of the parallel light, which is projected onto the core circuit through the field of view angle control window and is detected and calculated by the core circuit.

[0013] In one embodiment, the core circuit includes a main control circuit, a driving circuit and a linear array CCD connected in sequence;

[0014] The main control circuit is connected to the light source module and the peripheral circuit respectively;

[0015] The vertical line generates a shadow under the illumination of parallel light, which is projected onto the linear array CCD through the field angle control window;

[0016] The main control circuit reads the electrical signal of each pixel unit on the linear array CCD through the driving circuit, and calculates the position of the shadow on the linear array CCD.

[0017] In one embodiment, the width of the viewing angle control window is greater than the width of the parallel light; and the height of the viewing angle control window is equal to the height of the parallel light.

[0018] In one embodiment, the viewing angle control window comprises: an optical window and optical glass arranged along the incident light path direction;

[0019] The size of the optical window is related to the size and field of view of the linear array CCD;

[0020] The optical glass is spaced apart from the linear array CCD by a preset distance; the preset distance ensures that ambient background light cannot directly hit the linear array CCD.

[0021] In one embodiment, the light source module is composed of a point light source, a reflector, and a lens group; the reflector is located near the focus of the lens group; the light emitted by the point light source is reflected by the reflector, incident on the lens group, and outputs parallel light.

[0022] In one embodiment, the point light source is an LED point light source.

[0023] In one embodiment, the peripheral circuit includes: a power module and a data display module; the power module is connected to the data display module;

[0024] The power supply module and the data display module are respectively connected to the main control circuit;

[0025] The power supply module is used to provide voltage; and the data display module is used to display the calculated position of the shadow on the linear array CCD.

[0026] In one embodiment, the peripheral circuit further includes: a communication module; the communication module is connected to the power module and the main control circuit respectively;

[0027] The communication module is a 4-20mA analog output port.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides an all-day, fully automatic photoelectric vertical line coordinate measuring machine, comprising: a light source module, a vertical line, a field of view angle control window, a core circuit and a peripheral circuit; the core circuit is respectively connected to the peripheral circuit and the light source module; the core circuit is used to control the light source brightness of the light source module, and the peripheral circuit is used to provide voltage for the core circuit and the light source module. The vertical line is fixed on the structure to be measured; the light source module and the field of view angle control window are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the vertical line, and the light source module generates parallel light in the direction of the vertical line and the field of view angle control window; the vertical line generates a shadow under the irradiation of parallel light, which is projected onto the core circuit through the field of view angle control window and detected and calculated by the core circuit. The coordinate measuring machine adopts the field of view angle control window, which can effectively suppress the ambient background light in the parallel light, improve the detection accuracy and the adaptability to the all-day environment.

[0030] In addition, the core circuit's brightness control function for the light source module realizes the matching of the signal light in the parallel light to the linear array CCD in the core circuit, increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal, further improves the measurement accuracy and robustness of the coordinate measuring machine, and further possesses the ability to work fully automatically in an all-day environment.

[0031] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2a A top view of the structure of a full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2b for Figure 2a Left side view;

[0037] Figure 2c for Figure 2a Front view of

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a viewing angle control window provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light source module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] In the figure, 1-light source module; 2-vertical line; 3-viewing angle control window; 4-core circuit; 5-peripheral circuit; 11-first light source module; 12-second light source module; 31-first view angle control window; 32-second view angle control window; 6-bottom plate; 101-point light source; 102-reflector; 103-lens group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , 2a As shown in 2b and 2c, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-day, fully automatic photoelectric vertical line coordinate measuring machine, comprising: a shell and a light source module 1 located inside the shell, a field of view angle control window 3, a core circuit 4 and a peripheral circuit 5; a vertical channel for the vertical line 2 to pass through is opened on the shell.

[0043] The core circuit 4 is connected to the peripheral circuit 5 and the light source module 1 respectively. The core circuit 4 is used to control the light source brightness of the light source module, and the peripheral circuit is used to provide voltage for the core circuit and the light source module.

[0044] The vertical line 2 is fixedly suspended on the measured structure, and the displacement of the vertical line will change with the deformation and displacement of the structure; the light source module 1 and the viewing angle control window 3 are arranged on opposite sides of the vertical line 2. In the specific implementation, the light source module 1, the viewing angle control window 3, the core circuit 4 and the peripheral circuit 5 are in two vertical directions of the horizontal plane. The light source module 1 can generate parallel light in the direction of the vertical line 2 and the viewing angle control window 3; the vertical line 2 will be modulated by the parallel light, and a shadow will be generated under the illumination of the parallel light, which will be projected on the core circuit 4 through the viewing angle control window 3 and detected and calculated by the core circuit 4.

[0045] The parallel light generated by the light source module 1 passes through the vertical line 2 and includes signal light and ambient background light. The signal light is a light signal related to the measurement; while the ambient background light is non-signal light, which is stray light irrelevant to the measurement. The stray light will affect the accuracy of the measurement result and needs to be suppressed or eliminated. The field of view angle control window 3 in this embodiment can suppress all direct ambient background light without affecting the optical efficiency of the signal light, has a very strong anti-interference ability, and improves the detection accuracy of the coordinate measuring machine and its adaptability to the environment at all times of the day.

[0046] like Figure 2a As shown, a top view without the internal structure of the shell; two groups of light source modules are arranged on a base plate 6, namely a first light source module 11 and a second light source module 12, a first field of view angle control window 31 and a second field of view angle control window 32; the vertical line 2 is located in the vertical channel and can be used to detect the displacement of the vertical line in two directions.

[0047] Figure 2b for Figure 2a Left side view of Figure 2c for Figure 2a Front view of.

[0048] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the core circuit 4 includes: a main control circuit, a driving circuit and a linear array CCD connected in sequence; the main control circuit is connected to the light source module 1 and the peripheral circuit respectively; the vertical line generates a shadow under the illumination of parallel light, which is projected on the linear array CCD through the field of view control window; the main control circuit reads the electrical signal of each pixel unit on the linear array CCD through the driving circuit, and calculates the position of the shadow on the linear array CCD. Among them, after the light signal received by the linear array CCD passes through the field of view control window 3, the ambient background light has been suppressed.

[0049] The main control circuit can use a single-chip microcomputer or FPGA circuit, and its control pin has the ability to output high and low levels; the drive circuit completes the voltage conversion function between the main control circuit and the linear array CCD, and enhances the driving ability of the main control circuit output signal to the linear array CCD; the main control circuit controls the drive pulse control pin of the linear array CCD through the drive circuit, and the logical relationship of the drive pulse signal timing strictly follows the parameter requirements of the drive pulse waveform diagram in the linear array CCD product manual. The linear array CCD is a photoelectric sensor device that can convert the light signal of the signal light into a voltage signal, and the size of the voltage signal is related to the light intensity.

[0050] The main control circuit serves as the circuit working sequence of the entire coordinate measuring machine system. The main control circuit can directly control the brightness of the light source module, so that the brightness of the light source matches the photoelectric characteristics of the linear array CCD. It has strong adaptive ability to achieve the best exposure effect, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the coordinate measuring machine during normal operation reaches the optimal state; it can further improve the accuracy and robustness of the detection results, so that the coordinate measuring machine can further have the ability to work all day.

[0051] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the field of view angle control window 3 has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and includes: an optical window and optical glass arranged along the incident light path; the function of the optical window is to receive signal light and suppress ambient background light, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the core circuit detection signal; the size of the optical window is related to the size of the linear array CCD and the field of view; the optical glass is made of a lens with high transmittance, and in a specific implementation, the lens, the core circuit, and the peripheral circuit can be fixed in the same box to achieve a waterproof and sealing effect.

[0052] In this embodiment, the width of the field of view angle control window 3 is slightly larger than the width of the parallel light to ensure that all the parallel light is projected into the field of view angle control window 3; the height of the field of view angle control window 3 is equivalent to the height of the parallel light, and cannot be too large or too small. If it is too large, the suppression effect of the field of view angle control window 3 on the ambient background light will be reduced, while if it is too small, it will make it difficult to project the parallel light onto the linear array CCD in the core circuit 4 during the debugging process; the field of view angle control window 3 must maintain a certain distance from the linear array CCD in the core circuit 4, and the numerical value of the distance is related to the height of the field of view angle control window 3 and the height of the device casing, ensuring that the ambient background light cannot directly hit the CCD in the core circuit 4, which can be determined by various methods such as visual inspection and observing the waveform of the CCD output pin with an oscilloscope.

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the light source module 1 is composed of a point light source 101, a reflector 102, and a lens group 103; the reflector 102 is located near the focus of the lens group 103; the light emitted by the point light source 101 is reflected by the reflector 102, incident on the lens group 103, and outputs parallel light; the light intensity of the parallel light is uniform. The point light source can preferably be an LED point light source, which has a small light-emitting area and emits uniform light intensity in all directions. When working normally, the current size is uniform, and the working current is not greater than the rated working current, and has the advantage of a long service life. The reflector is a metal film reflector on the surface; the lens group converts the light generated by the point light source and passing through the reflector into parallel light with uniform light intensity.

[0054] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the peripheral circuit 5 includes: a power supply module, a data display unit and a communication unit; the power supply module mainly converts the supply voltage into the voltage required for the normal operation of other circuit parts, and reduces the voltage ripple of the input voltage, thereby reducing the measurement error introduced by the voltage ripple to the core circuit 4. In addition, the power supply module can have a short-circuit protection function and an input protection function, that is, when the input voltage exceeds a certain safety range, the power supply module automatically disconnects.

[0055] The data display unit displays the vertical displacement value measured by the core circuit in real time, that is, the position of the shadow on the linear array CCD calculated by the core circuit 4, including the two vertical directions of the horizontal plane. The communication unit is a 4-20mA analog output port, which is compatible with any measurement system with standard signal measurement function and has strong anti-interference ability. After the data display unit refreshes the current value, it will output a constant current value corresponding to the data communication. The minimum value of the range corresponds to 4mA, the full range value corresponds to 20mA, and other measured values ​​correspond to the linear change relationship from 4mA to 20mA.

[0056] In the coordinate measuring machine provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the core circuit and the peripheral circuit can be designed in modular form. Figure 1As shown, the parallel light output by the light source module 1 must be perpendicular to the field angle control window 3 and the linear array CCD in the core circuit 4, ensuring that the signal light of the parallel light output by the light source module 1 completely covers the photosensitive unit on the linear array CCD in the core circuit 4 after passing through the field angle control window 3; after the parallel light output by the light source module 1 passes through the vertical line 2, the shadow of the vertical line will also be projected on the linear array CCD; the intensity of the parallel light output by the light source module 1 is controlled by the core circuit 4 and matched with the CCD in the core circuit 4. In the data processing process, the present invention adopts the AD conversion method to read the voltage value output by the linear array CCD, and dynamically adjusts the voltage threshold of the shadow judgment in real time to adapt to system differences and adaptive capabilities under different environmental conditions.

[0057] In addition, the main control circuit in the core circuit 4 of the present invention reads the voltage signal of each pixel unit in the linear array CCD, and analyzes and calculates the position of the shadow on the linear array CCD through the embedded data processing algorithm. In the data processing process, the width of each shadow is analyzed, and it is comprehensively judged whether the shadow is a vertical shadow or a shadow caused by external environmental interference, such as a shadow caused by dust on optical glass or optical lenses, so as to achieve the purpose of effectively removing interference signals, so that the system has a strong anti-interference ability.

[0058] On the one hand, by adopting the method of field angle control window to suppress ambient background light, direct ambient background light can be completely eliminated, and the problem of direct ambient background light affecting the measurement results is completely solved. The field angle control window is easy to process and realize, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy of the measurement signal.

[0059] On the other hand, by automatically controlling the brightness of the light source module to match the signal light with the linear array CCD, the linear array CCD can obtain the best exposure effect, further increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the output measurement signal value, enhance the measurement accuracy and robustness of the coordinate measuring machine, and enable the coordinate measuring machine to have the ability to work fully automatically under all-day conditions.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A full-time, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine, characterized in that: include: Light source module, vertical line, field of view angle control window, core circuit and peripheral circuit; Wherein, the core circuit includes a main control circuit, a driving circuit and a linear array CCD connected in sequence; The main control circuit is connected to the light source module and the peripheral circuit respectively; the main control circuit is used to control the light source brightness of the light source module, and the peripheral circuit is used to provide voltage for the core circuit and the light source module; The vertical line is fixed on the structure to be measured; The light source module and the viewing angle control window are arranged on opposite sides of the vertical line, respectively. The light source module generates parallel light to illuminate the direction of the vertical line and the viewing angle control window. The vertical line generates a shadow under the illumination of the parallel light, which is projected onto the linear array CCD through the viewing angle control window. The main control circuit reads the electrical signal of each pixel unit on the linear array CCD through the driving circuit, and the main control circuit detects and calculates the position of the shadow on the linear array CCD. The width of the field of view angle control window is greater than the width of the parallel light; the height of the field of view angle control window is equal to the height of the parallel light. The field of view angle control window includes: an optical window and an optical glass arranged along the incident light path; the size of the optical window is related to the size of the linear array CCD and the field of view; the optical glass is spaced a preset distance from the linear array CCD; the preset distance ensures that the ambient background light cannot directly hit the linear array CCD; The light source module is composed of a point light source, a reflector, and a lens group; the reflector is located near the focus of the lens group; the light emitted by the point light source is reflected by the reflector, incident on the lens group, and outputs parallel light.

2. The all-day, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The point light source is an LED point light source.

3. The all-day, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peripheral circuit includes: a power supply module and a data display module; the power supply module is connected to the data display module; The power supply module and the data display module are respectively connected to the main control circuit; The power supply module is used to provide voltage; and the data display module is used to display the calculated position of the shadow on the linear array CCD.

4. The all-day, fully automatic photoelectric vertical coordinate measuring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The peripheral circuit further includes: a communication module; the communication module is connected to the power module and the main control circuit respectively; The communication module is a 4-20mA analog output port.

Images