Method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine operating lever

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of three-phase alternating current switch machine action lever conversion force detection method, it is characterized in that: including three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor (1), deceleration and motion conversion component (2), switch machine action lever (3), rotational speed or angle detector device (4), sensor (5), processing unit (6) and mode selection hardware (7), the driving output shaft of three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor (1) is connected with deceleration and motion conversion component (2) axle;Three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor (1) drives deceleration and motion conversion component (2) by.Three-phase alternating current switch machine action lever conversion force detection method, so as to measure and calculate the conversion force on switch machine action lever in the process of switch machine conversion continuously real-time, guide turnout, switch machine maintenance, adjustment, repair, so that turnout conversion jam does not occur, reduce the influence to train operation order.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of three-phase AC switch machine action lever conversion force detection method, especially with three-phase asynchronous motor as power source, power transmission is carried out by mechanical transmission, electric switch machine, the conversion resistance that its action lever is subjected to during the conversion of turnout is measured. BACKGROUND

[0002] Switch machine is applied to outdoor, and conversion, locking railway turnout, due to the environment is bad, vehicle is frequently crushed, under the long-term action of load stress and environmental stress, the structure of turnout changes complexly, leading to the conversion resistance that it generates on switch machine action lever also frequently changes, when conversion resistance is greater than the maximum output force of switch machine action lever, turnout cannot complete conversion, and is blocked in the middle of conversion, which will affect the operation of train.

[0003] If the conversion resistance of turnout that switch machine action lever is subjected to during the conversion of switch machine can be measured, then targeted adjustment, repair and maintenance work can be arranged when the conversion resistance of turnout is measured to be large, so that the conversion blocking of turnout does not occur, and the influence on train operation order is reduced.

[0004] However, due to the reciprocating motion of switch machine action lever, and long-term work in outdoor, the working temperature changes greatly, when force sensor or strain sensor is installed on it for measurement, the wire is easy to break due to bending and pulling, the life of battery cannot be guaranteed in low temperature using wireless method, and the reliability is poor and the working life is short, so the commonly used force measurement method and sensor cannot be applied for a long time in the service life of switch machine.

[0005] The existing three-phase AC switch machine field force measurement method includes force pin temporary measurement and electric power monitoring judgment, force pin temporary measurement is to use special force gauge, and force sensor is made into force pin to replace connecting pin for measurement on site, the connecting pin needs to be disassembled during measurement process, and the connecting pin needs to be installed and restored after measurement is completed, the measurement process is complicated, and only temporary measurement can be carried out, and there is no continuous monitoring application based on safety and reliability. Electric power monitoring judgment is to continuously measure the voltage and current output by power supply screen for switch machine, calculate the electric power, consider that there is a certain relationship between electric power and conversion resistance on switch machine action lever, especially hope that there is a linear relationship, so as to judge the size of conversion force by the size of electric power, since the calculation power includes power consumption of power supply line, and the power factor also changes when the load of motor changes, the relationship between the output power of motor and the output power of power supply screen is complex.

[0006] The demand for force measurement is strong in application site, but there is no effective and reliable force sensor or force measurement method at present. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a detection method of a three-phase AC switch machine action lever conversion force, so as to continuously and real-timely measure and calculate the conversion force on the switch machine action lever, guide the maintenance, adjustment and repair of the switch and the switch machine, avoid the switch conversion blockage and reduce the influence on the train operation order.

[0008] The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a detection method of a three-phase AC switch machine action lever conversion force, characterized by comprising a three-phase AC asynchronous motor, a speed reduction and motion conversion assembly, a switch machine action lever, a rotation speed or angle detection device, a sensor, a processing unit, mode selection hardware, the three-phase AC asynchronous motor drives the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly to convert the rotation motion into linear motion, the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly drives the switch machine action lever to output the conversion force, the rotation speed or angle detection device is fixed on a part in a certain proportional relationship with the motor rotation speed, the sensor detects the rotation position or rotation speed of the rotation speed or angle detection device and outputs corresponding detection information, the processing unit receives and processes the detection information of the sensor, the processing unit communicates with the mode selection hardware in a wireless or wired manner, inputs the information for selecting the working mode of the processing unit and executes the corresponding working mode, and outputs data to the mode selection hardware.

[0009] The processing unit has at least two working modes, one is a calibration mode and the other is a detection mode, the calibration mode calculates the related parameters of the motor rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve according to the input data points through a predetermined calculation method, and the detection mode calculates the action lever conversion force according to the motor rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve determined by the calibration mode and the measured motor rotation speed.

[0010] The calibration mode comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step one: enter the calibration mode through the mode selection hardware and set the "calibration completion flag" to "false".

[0012] Step two: input the rotation speed and corresponding conversion force values, or the system detects and calculates the rotation speed, such as taking the average value or the maximum value as the rotation speed value, and input the conversion force measured by the force gauge as the corresponding conversion force value, each rotation speed and corresponding conversion force is a data point, and the data points are not less than two.

[0013] Step three: according to the preselected rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve form, calculate or fit the curve parameters using the data points obtained in step two to obtain the determined relationship curve, that is, the action lever conversion force calculation formula is obtained.

[0014] Step four: set the "calibration completion flag" to "true" and exit the calibration mode according to the operation of the mode selection hardware.

[0015] The preselected rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve form is a straight line segment.

[0016] The pre-selected rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve form is a broken line segment.

[0017] The pre-selected rotation speed and action lever conversion force relationship curve form is a polynomial curve segment.

[0018] The data points include the corresponding rotation speed when the action lever is not connected to any external load, i.e., the action lever conversion force is zero and its corresponding rotation speed as a data point, and the rotation speed as the "maximum rotation speed".

[0019] The data points include the stable conversion force measured during the conversion of the switch machine and the corresponding motor rotation speed after the switch machine action lever is connected to the turnout, and the rotation speed as the "turning point rotation speed".

[0020] The data points include the action lever conversion force and its corresponding motor rotation speed when the switch machine action lever conversion is blocked and the friction connector slips.

[0021] Each rotation speed and corresponding conversion force is a data point, wherein the data point parameters are obtained by installing a special tool on the bottom shell, the moving part is connected to the action lever, and the resistance to the action lever is generated. The resistance can be adjusted and set, and after the setting is completed, the corresponding action lever conversion force and its corresponding motor rotation speed are measured as a data point. By setting multiple resistance values, multiple data points can be obtained. This special tool is called an action lever load simulation device.

[0022] The detection mode steps are as follows:

[0023] Step one: detect that the three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor starts to work, start the detection mode work, and clear the count value.

[0024] Step one: read the "calibration completion flag" value, the action lever conversion force calculation formula, the "maximum rotation speed", and the "minimum rotation speed for calculation". If the "calibration completion flag" value is "true", go to the next step. If the flag is "false", output a fault message and the program is paused.

[0025] Step two: read the measured or calculated motor rotation speed value.

[0026] Step three: compare the measured motor rotation speed value with the "maximum rotation speed" and the "minimum rotation speed for calculation". If it is greater than the "minimum rotation speed for calculation" and less than the "maximum rotation speed", go to the next step. Otherwise, the count value is incremented. If the count value exceeds the standard, output a fault message and clear the count value. Otherwise, go to the next step.

[0027] Step four: the measured motor speed value is substituted into the action lever conversion force calculation formula to calculate the action lever conversion force, when the motor speed is greater than the maximum value, the maximum value is calculated, when it is less than the minimum value, the minimum value is calculated, when it is a broken line, the turning point speed is determined, and then the corresponding broken line segment is calculated.

[0028] Step five: output the calculation result, read the mode selection hardware information, if there is an entering calibration mode command, enter the calibration mode, otherwise, return to step two.

[0029] The "minimum speed for calculation" is a speed selected at a position where the speed-torque curve deviates from linearity, and the action lever conversion force corresponding to the speed is considered to be the maximum value. When the speed is less than the value, the action lever conversion force is considered to be out of range.

[0030] The advantage of the present application is that: after the switch machine is installed on the turnout side and connected to the power supply, the line resistance, power supply voltage and power factor and other parameters are basically determined. Under this condition, the switch machine is calibrated, and the matching degree of the relationship between the motor speed and the action lever conversion force parameters and the line resistance and the power supply condition is high, and the calculation error is relatively small.

[0031] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application, in which a speed or angle detection device is used to directly detect the motor speed.

[0033] Figure 2 Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application, in which a speed or angle detection device is used to detect the speed of a part in the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly that is proportional to the motor speed, and the motor shaft speed is calculated.

[0034] Figure 3 Figure 5 is a working flow chart of the calibration mode of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 Figure 6 is a working flow chart of the detection mode of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 Figure 7 is a torque-speed relationship diagram of a three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor under a determined power supply condition.

[0037] In the figure: 1, three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor; 2, speed reduction and motion conversion assembly; 3, switch machine action lever; 4, speed or angle detection device; 5, sensor; 6, processing unit; 7, mode selection hardware. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To further illustrate the technical means and methods adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structural features and methods of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention relates to a method for detecting the conversion force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating lever, characterized by: a three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1, a reduction and motion conversion assembly 2, a switch machine operating lever 3, a speed or angle detection device 4, a sensor 5, a processing unit 6, and mode selection hardware 7; the drive output shaft of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 is connected to the shaft of the reduction and motion conversion assembly 2; by driving the reduction and motion conversion assembly 2 through the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1, the rotational motion of the drive output shaft of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 is converted into the linear motion of the reduction and motion conversion assembly 2; the output of the reduction and motion conversion assembly 2 is connected to the switch machine operating lever 3; by reducing... The speed and motion conversion component 2 drives the switch machine action rod 3 to output conversion force; a speed or angle detection device 4 is installed on the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1, and a sensor 5 is installed on one side of the speed or angle detection device 4; the sensor 5 detects the rotational position or rotational speed of the speed or angle detection device 4 and outputs the corresponding detection information; the processing unit 6 is electrically connected to the sensor 5, receives the detection information from the sensor 5 and processes and calculates it; the processing unit 6 is electrically connected to the mode selection hardware 7 wirelessly or wiredly for communication, receives the information from the mode selection hardware 7 and executes the corresponding working mode, and performs human-machine interaction through the mode selection hardware 7.

[0040] The system includes two operating modes: a calibration mode and a detection mode. Under the installation and use environment of the switch machine, certain data points are measured and input into the processing unit 6. In the calibration mode, the relevant parameters of the relationship curve between the motor speed and the action rod conversion force are calculated according to a predetermined calculation method, and the calculation formula for the action rod conversion force is determined. In the detection mode, the corresponding action rod conversion force is calculated within the range of "maximum speed" and "minimum speed for calculation" based on the calculation formula for the action rod conversion force and the measured motor speed.

[0041] The calibration process includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Select the hardware mode to enter calibration mode and set "calibration complete flag" to "false".

[0043] Step two: in the real installation site of the switch machine, connect the working power to test the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force value, form the data point input, one data point corresponds to the switch machine no-load, the conversion force is zero, the corresponding motor speed is "the maximum speed", and the other data point is the test after the switch machine connects the movable part of the turnout to obtain the action lever conversion force and the corresponding motor speed, and the "minimum speed for calculation" is inputted or measured according to the definition.

[0044] Step three: according to the linear relationship between the motor speed and the action lever conversion force, the slope and the intercept are calculated using the aforementioned data points to obtain the determined relationship curve.

[0045] Step four: set the "calibration completion flag" to "true", and exit the calibration mode according to the operation information of the mode selection hardware 7.

[0046] After the linear calculation formula of the motor speed and the action lever conversion force is determined through the calibration mode, the action lever conversion force can be calculated by detecting the motor speed in the detection mode.

[0047] The detection mode includes the following steps:

[0048] Step one, detect that the motor starts to work, start the detection mode work, and clear the count value.

[0049] Step two: read the "calibration completion flag" value, the action lever conversion force calculation formula, "the maximum speed", "the minimum speed for calculation", if the "calibration completion flag" value is "true", go to the next step, if the "calibration completion flag" value is "false", output the fault information, and the program is paused.

[0050] Step three: detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value.

[0051] Step four: compare the measured motor speed value with "the maximum speed" and "the minimum speed for calculation", if it is greater than "the minimum speed for calculation" and less than "the maximum speed", go to the next step, if it is less than "the minimum speed for calculation" or greater than "the maximum speed", the count value is increased by one, if the count value exceeds the specified value, output the fault information and clear the count value.

[0052] Step five: substitute the measured motor speed value into the action lever conversion force calculation action lever conversion force, when the motor speed is greater than "the maximum speed", calculate according to "the maximum speed", and when the motor speed is less than "the minimum speed for calculation", calculate according to "the minimum speed for calculation" and output the out-of-range information.

[0053] Step six: output the calculation result, detect the working condition of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1, and exit the working mode if the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 stops working, or return to step three if the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 continues to work.

[0054] In this way, after the switch machine is calibrated in the installation environment, it automatically enters the detection mode after each time the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 is powered on and works, calculates the switching force of the switch machine, and can enter the calibration mode to adjust the calculation formula when the environment changes, so as to improve the accuracy of the calculation result. Embodiment 2

[0055] As described in Embodiment 1, the rotation speed or angle detection device 4 is fixed on a rotating part in the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly 2 that has a fixed relationship with the motor rotation speed, and the rotation speed measurement result is converted into the motor rotation speed, or both calibration and detection use the measured rotation speed without conversion. The rest is the same as Embodiment 1 and will not be described in detail. Embodiment 3

[0056] As described in Embodiment 1, the motor rotation speed and action lever switching force relationship curve is processed according to the broken line segment, and the calibration mode and detection mode steps are changed, and the rest is the same as Embodiment 1. The calibration mode and detection mode are described as follows.

[0057] The calibration mode includes the following steps:

[0058] Step one: enter the calibration mode through the mode selection hardware, and set the "calibration complete flag" to "false".

[0059] Step two: connect the working power supply for testing in the actual installation place of the switch machine, obtain the motor rotation speed and the corresponding switch machine switching force value, and input the data points. Three data points are measured, the first data point corresponds to the idle load of the switch machine, the switching force is zero, and the corresponding motor rotation speed is "maximum rotation speed"; the second data point is the action lever switching force and the corresponding motor rotation speed obtained by testing after connecting the movable part of the switch machine to the turnout; the third data point is the action lever switching force and the corresponding motor rotation speed obtained by testing when the switch machine switches the turnout and the turnout switching card is blocked. The "minimum calculation rotation speed" is determined or measured according to the definition.

[0060] Step three: according to the broken line segment of the motor rotation speed and action lever switching force relationship curve, the slope and intercept of the first line segment are fitted using the first data point and the second data point, and the slope and intercept of the second line segment are fitted using the second data point and the third data point. The first line segment and the second line segment intersect at the second data point, and the "turning point rotation speed" is assigned to the rotation speed value of the second data point.

[0061] Step four: set the "calibration complete flag" to "true", and exit the calibration mode according to the operation information of the mode selection hardware.

[0062] After the calculation formula of the motor speed and the action lever conversion force is determined through the calibration mode, the action lever conversion force can be calculated by detecting the motor speed in the detection mode.

[0063] The detection mode comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step one, the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 is detected to start working, the detection mode is started, and the count value is cleared.

[0065] Step two: read the "calibration completion flag" value, the action lever conversion force calculation formula, the "maximum speed value", the "minimum speed value for calculation", and the "turning point speed". If the "calibration completion flag" value is "true", proceed to the next step. If the "calibration completion flag" value is "false", output a fault message and pause the program.

[0066] Step three: detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value.

[0067] Step four: compare the measured motor speed value with the "maximum speed value" and the "minimum speed value for calculation". If it is greater than the "minimum speed value for calculation" and less than the "maximum speed value", proceed to the next step. If it is less than the "minimum speed value for calculation" or greater than the "maximum speed value", increase the count value by one. If the count value exceeds the specified value, output a fault message and clear the count value.

[0068] Step five: if the measured motor speed is greater than the "turning point speed", substitute the measured motor speed value into the first linear segment formula to calculate the action lever conversion force. When the motor speed is greater than the "maximum speed value", calculate according to the "maximum speed value". If the measured motor speed is less than the "turning point speed", substitute the measured motor speed value into the second linear segment formula to calculate the action lever conversion force. When the motor speed is less than the "minimum speed value for calculation", calculate according to the "minimum speed value for calculation" and output an out-of-range message.

[0069] Step six: output the calculation result, detect the working condition of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1, and exit the working mode if the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 stops working. If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 continues to work, return to step three. Example 4

[0070] As described in Example 3, the speed or angle detection device 4 is fixed to a rotating part in the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly 2 that has a fixed relationship with the motor speed. The speed measurement result is converted to the motor speed, or both calibration and detection use the measured speed without conversion. The rest is the same as Example 3 and will not be described in detail. Example 5

[0071] As described in Example 1, the relationship between the motor speed and the action lever conversion force is processed according to a polynomial curve segment, and a load simulation device for the action lever is required. The rest is the same as Example 1, and the calibration mode and the detection mode are described as follows.

[0072] Step one: enter the calibration mode through the mode selection hardware 7, and set the "calibration completion flag" to "false".

[0073] Step two: connect and install the load simulation device for the action lever and the switch machine at the real installation site of the switch machine, connect the power supply of the switch machine, adjust the load simulation device for the action lever to set the required load of the action lever, and power on the switch machine for testing to obtain the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force value, which constitutes a data point. Adjust the load simulation device for the action lever to set multiple action lever conversion force values and power on the switch machine for testing to obtain multiple data points of the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force value, which should include the action lever conversion force of zero and its corresponding "maximum speed", the maximum action lever conversion force and its corresponding "minimum speed for calculation" are predicted and recorded.

[0074] Step three: according to the polynomial curve segment of the relationship between the motor speed and the action lever conversion force, use these data points to perform fitting calculation to obtain the parameters of the polynomial and generate the action lever conversion force calculation formula.

[0075] Step four: set the "calibration completion flag" to "true" and exit the calibration mode according to the operation information of the mode selection hardware 7.

[0076] After determining the polynomial curve segment calculation formula of the motor speed and the action lever conversion force through the calibration mode, the action lever conversion force can be calculated by detecting the motor speed in the detection mode.

[0077] The detection mode includes the following steps:

[0078] Step one, detect that the three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor 1 starts to work, start the detection mode work, and clear the count value.

[0079] Step two: read the "calibration completion flag" value, the action lever conversion force calculation formula, the "maximum speed", and the "minimum speed for calculation". If the "calibration completion flag" value is "true", go to the next step. If the "calibration completion flag" value is "false", output a fault information and pause the program.

[0080] Step three: detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value.

[0081] Step four: compare the measured motor speed value with "maximum speed" and "minimum speed for calculation", if greater than "minimum speed for calculation" and less than "maximum speed", go to the next step, if less than "minimum speed for calculation" or greater than "maximum speed", the count value plus one, if the count value exceeds the specified value, output fault information and clear the count value.

[0082] Step five: when the motor speed is greater than "maximum speed", calculate according to "maximum speed"; when the motor speed is less than "minimum speed for calculation", calculate according to "minimum speed for calculation" and output out-of-range information; otherwise, substitute the measured motor speed value into the action lever conversion force polynomial curve segment calculation formula to calculate the action lever conversion force.

[0083] Step six: output the calculation result, detect the working condition of the three-phase asynchronous motor 1, and exit the working mode if the three-phase asynchronous motor 1 stops working, and return to step three if the three-phase asynchronous motor 1 continues to work. Example 6

[0084] As described in example 5, the speed or angle detection device 4 is fixed on the rotating part in the speed reduction and motion conversion assembly 2 that has a fixed relationship with the motor speed, and the speed measurement result is converted into motor speed, or both calibration and detection use the measured speed without conversion. The rest is the same as example 5 and will not be described in detail.

[0085] The torque-speed relationship of the three-phase asynchronous motor 1 under certain power supply conditions can be referred to Figure 5 , and within the working range, the torque-speed relationship is approximately linear, which can be described by the following relationship

[0086] n=k1×T d +b

[0087] where n is the motor speed, k1 is the slope, T d is the motor output torque, and b is the intercept. For a given motor 1, k1 and b are constant under certain power supply.

[0088] For a certain switch machine, the mechanical efficiency of the gear box is constant within a certain period, and T d =k2×T s , T s is the lead screw driving torque, and k2 is a constant, then n=k1×T d +b=k1×k2×T s +b.

[0089] The driving torque of the lead screw when working is calculated as follows

[0090]

[0091] in T 1 For the ball screw torque, T 2 , T 3 For bearing friction torque, d m The nominal diameter of the lead screw. λ The thread helix angle is °. ρ' For the equivalent friction angle °, when helical motion changes to linear motion, tan ρ' =0.0025, after the lead and nominal diameter of the lead screw are determined, its thread helix angle is... λ The value is to be determined. F is the axial load of the lead screw. The axial load of the lead screw includes the switching resistance of the actuating rod, the friction of the actuating rod, the friction of the push plate sleeve, and the friction between the locking block and the locking iron, etc. Except for the switching resistance of the actuating rod, these can be collectively referred to as the internal resistance of the switch machine, denoted as F. n Let F be the resistance converted from the action lever. d Then F = F n +F d The relationship between speed and torque is as follows.

[0092]

[0093] make

[0094]

[0095] Then n = A × F d +B

[0096] Once A and B are determined, the switching resistance F of the actuator can be calculated based on the rotational speed. d Therefore, when the three-phase AC asynchronous motor 1 operates within a certain speed range, the conversion force on the actuator can be approximately calculated by measuring the speed value.

[0097] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod, characterized in that: Includes a three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1), a reduction and motion conversion assembly (2), a switch machine operating rod (3), a speed or angle detection device (4), a sensor (5), a processing unit (6), and mode selection hardware (7). The drive output shaft of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) is connected to the shaft of the reduction and motion conversion assembly (2). The three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) drives the reduction and motion conversion assembly (2), converting the rotational motion of the drive output shaft of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) into the linear motion output by the reduction and motion conversion assembly (2). The output end of the reduction and motion conversion assembly (2) is connected to the switch machine operating rod (3). The reduction and motion conversion assembly (2) drives the switch machine operating rod (3) to output conversion force. 1) A speed or angle detection device (4) is installed on the device, or the speed or angle detection device (4) is fixed on a part that has a certain proportional relationship with the speed of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1), and a sensor (5) is installed on one side of the speed or angle detection device (4); the sensor (5) detects the rotation position or rotation speed of the speed or angle detection device (4) and outputs the corresponding detection information. The processing unit (6) is electrically connected to the sensor (5), the processing unit (6) receives the detection information of the sensor (5) and processes and calculates it, the processing unit (6) is electrically connected to the mode selection hardware (7) in a wireless or wired manner to communicate, receives the information of the mode selection hardware (7), and executes the corresponding working mode. Human-machine interaction is performed through the mode selection hardware (7). The working modes include two: one is calibration mode, and the other is detection mode. In calibration mode, firstly, certain data points are measured in the actual installation and use environment of the switch machine and input into the processing unit (6). The processing unit (6) calculates the actual conversion force of the actuating rod by obtaining relevant parameters of the relationship curve between motor speed and actuating rod conversion force according to a predetermined calculation method. In calibration mode, the relationship curve between motor speed and actuating rod conversion force is processed according to the following steps: Step 1: Enter calibration mode by selecting the hardware mode (7) and set "calibration complete flag" to "false"; Step 2: At the actual installation site of the switch machine, connect the working power supply for testing to obtain the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force value, and use it as the data point input processing unit (6), which contains more than two data points. The speed corresponding to the zero conversion force of the action rod is the "maximum speed". Input the already determined "minimum speed for calculation" or measure this value according to the definition. Step 3: Using the curve of the relationship between motor speed and the force of the actuating lever as a straight line segment, calculate the slope and intercept using the aforementioned data points to obtain the determined relationship curve; Step 4: Set "calibration complete flag" to "true" and exit calibration mode according to the operation information of hardware (7) in mode selection; The curve relating motor speed and actuator force in the detection mode is processed as a straight line segment, and the working steps are as follows: Step 1: The three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) is detected to be working. The detection mode is started and the count value is cleared to zero. Step 2: Read the value of "calibration completion mark", the formula for calculating the action lever conversion force, "maximum speed", and "minimum speed for calculation". If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "true", proceed to the next step. If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "false", output the fault information and pause the program. Step 3: Detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value; Step 4: Compare the measured motor speed with the "maximum speed" and the "minimum speed for calculation". If it is greater than the "minimum speed for calculation" and less than the "maximum speed", proceed to the next step. If it is less than the "minimum speed for calculation" or greater than the "maximum speed", increment the count value by one. If the count value exceeds the specified value, output a fault message and clear the count value to zero. Step 5: Substitute the measured motor speed value into the formula for calculating the action rod conversion force, calculate the action rod conversion force. When the motor speed is greater than the "maximum speed", it is calculated according to the "maximum speed". When the motor speed is less than the "minimum speed for calculation", it is calculated according to the "minimum speed for calculation" and the over-range information is output. Step 6: Output the calculation results and check the working status of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1). If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) stops working, exit the working mode. If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) continues to work, return to step 3.

2. The method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curve relating the motor speed to the actuating lever force is processed as a broken line segment. The calibration mode operation steps are as follows: Step 1: Enter calibration mode by selecting the hardware mode (7) and set "calibration complete flag" to "false"; Step Two: At the actual installation site of the switch machine, connect the power supply and conduct tests to obtain the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force values, forming data point inputs, including three data points. Three data points were measured. The first data point corresponds to the switch machine being unloaded, with a switching force of zero. The second data point is the switch machine after connecting the movable part of the turnout, which is used to test the switching force of the actuating rod and the corresponding motor speed. The third data point is the switch machine during the turnout switching process, which causes the turnout to jam, and the switching force of the actuating rod and the corresponding motor speed are tested. Step 3: Using the curve of the relationship between motor speed and the conversion force of the actuating lever as a broken line segment, use the first and second data points to fit the slope and intercept of the first line segment, and use the second and third data points to fit the slope and intercept of the second line segment. The first and second line segments intersect at the second data point. Assign the speed value of the second data point to the "turning point speed". Step 4: Set "calibration complete flag" to "true" and exit calibration mode according to the operation information of hardware (7) selected by mode.

3. The method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curve relating the motor speed to the actuating lever force is processed as a broken line segment, and the detection mode operation steps are as follows: Step 1: The three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) is detected to be working. The detection mode is started and the count value is cleared to zero. Step 2: Read the value of "calibration completion mark", the formula for calculating the action lever conversion force, "maximum speed", "minimum speed for calculation", and "turning point speed". If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "true", proceed to the next step. If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "false", output the fault information and pause the program. Step 3: Detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value; Step 4: Compare the measured motor speed with the "maximum speed" and the "minimum speed for calculation". If it is greater than the "minimum speed for calculation" and less than the "maximum speed", proceed to the next step. If it is less than the "minimum speed for calculation" or greater than the "maximum speed", increment the count value by one. If the count value exceeds the specified value, output a fault message and clear the count value to zero. Step 5: If the measured motor speed is greater than the "turning point speed", substitute the measured motor speed value into the first line segment formula to calculate the action rod conversion force. When the motor speed is greater than the "maximum speed", calculate according to the "maximum speed". If the measured motor speed is less than the "turning point speed", the measured motor speed value is substituted into the second line segment formula to calculate the action rod conversion force. When the motor speed is less than the "minimum value of the calculation speed", the over-range information is calculated and output according to the "minimum value of the calculation speed". Step 6: Output the calculation results and check the working status of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1). If the motor stops working, exit the detection mode. If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) continues to work, return to step 3.

4. The method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: In calibration mode, the relationship between the motor speed and the actuator force is processed according to a polynomial curve segment, and the working steps are as follows: Step 1: Enter calibration mode by selecting the hardware mode (7) and set "calibration complete flag" to "false"; Step 2: At the actual installation site of the switch machine, connect and install the actuator load simulation device to the switch machine. Turn on the power supply to the switch machine, adjust the actuator load simulation device to set the required actuator load, and power on the switch machine for testing. Obtain the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force value, forming a data point. After repeatedly adjusting the actuator load simulation device to set multiple actuator conversion force values ​​and powering on the switch machine for testing, obtain multiple data points consisting of the motor speed and the corresponding switch machine conversion force values. The data points should include two data points: the actuator conversion force is zero and its corresponding "maximum speed", and the expected measured maximum actuator conversion force and its corresponding "minimum speed for calculation". Record the "maximum speed" and "minimum speed for calculation" respectively. Step 3: Based on the polynomial curve segment of the relationship between motor speed and actuator force, use these data points to perform fitting calculations, obtain the parameters of the polynomial curve segment expression, and generate the actuator force calculation formula; Step 4: Set "calibration complete flag" to "true" and exit calibration mode according to the operation information of hardware (7) in mode selection; After determining the polynomial curve formula for calculating the motor speed and the actuator conversion force through the calibration mode, the actuator conversion force can be calculated by detecting the motor speed in the detection mode.

5. The method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the aforementioned detection mode, the relationship between motor speed and actuator force is processed using a polynomial curve segment as follows: Step 1: The three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) is detected to be working. The detection mode is started and the count value is cleared to zero. Step 2: Read the value of "calibration completion mark", the formula for calculating the action lever conversion force, "maximum speed", and "minimum speed for calculation". If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "true", proceed to the next step. If the value of "calibration completion mark" is "false", output the fault information and pause the program. Step 3: Detect the motor speed and read the motor speed value; Step 4: Compare the measured motor speed with the "maximum speed" and the "minimum speed for calculation". If it is greater than the "minimum speed for calculation" and less than the "maximum speed", proceed to the next step. If it is less than the "minimum speed for calculation" or greater than the "maximum speed", increment the count value by one. If the count value exceeds the specified value, output a fault message and clear the count value to zero. Step 5: When the motor speed is greater than the "maximum speed", the calculation is based on the "maximum speed"; when the motor speed is less than the "minimum speed for calculation", the calculation is based on the "minimum speed for calculation" and the over-range information is output; otherwise, the measured motor speed value is substituted into the polynomial curve segment calculation formula for the action rod conversion force to calculate the action rod conversion force. Step 6: Output the calculation results and check the working status of the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1). If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) stops working, exit the working mode. If the three-phase AC asynchronous motor (1) continues to work, return to step 3.

6. The method for detecting the switching force of a three-phase AC switch machine's operating rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The "maximum speed" is the motor speed measured when the switching lever's conversion force is zero, or the motor speed calculated from the speed of a component that has a certain proportional relationship with the motor speed. The "minimum speed for calculation" is a speed selected at a position where the motor speed-torque curve deviates significantly from linearity, and the corresponding switching lever's conversion force is the maximum detectable value.

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