A shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of shrub ecological planting module suitable for side slope, including straw planting shell, sponge water storage space, sponge filler, water-permeable hole, bottom water-retaining layer, water-permeable substrate layer, grass planting space, water inlet groove and other structures, when it rains, rain flows from high to low along the slope surface, lawn grass in grass planting space can intercept water flow, quickly infiltrate through water-permeable substrate layer and enter sponge water storage space through water inlet groove and be absorbed by sponge filler, while bottom water-retaining layer in organic planting space also absorbs water; Both jointly act, for shrub root system continuously lock water supply, in dry season, it can also maintain the water supply of plant growth in planting module, save artificial maintenance cost and water resources. The present application realizes the function of "lag, infiltration, storage and use" of side slope soil, improves the nutrient structure of side slope soil body, solves the problems of difficult maintenance, low survival rate and poor slope protection effect after shrub planting on side slope.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of municipal engineering construction, in particular to a shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the accelerating pace of urban construction, there are numerous excavation, filling and terrain engineering projects in road, water conservancy, greening and other engineering construction, which leads to a large number of exposed slope surfaces and serious damage to the ecological environment. Although the existing slope protection technologies are various, they have problems such as hardening treatment, single species, and short-term slope protection effect, and the ecological slope protection technology needs to be further strengthened and applied.

[0003] At present, the conventional slope protection methods include rigid material slope protection, rigid material and plant combined slope protection, and plant ecological slope protection, and the use of industrial products (cement, concrete, etc.) will pollute the environment, destroy the soil habitat, and the cost is high; the ecological slope protection technology using grass seed spraying is widely applied, but the species is relatively single, the ecological system stability is poor, and the slope protection herb is easy to degrade over time, and the slope protection effect is short-term; there is also a combination of shrubs and herbs in the ecological slope protection method, but most of them are seedlings in non-environmental containers and then transplanted to the slope surface, the seedling time is long, and the survival rate is low due to insufficient maintenance efforts in the later period, and the slope protection effect is poor.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to study a shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope, which is nutritionally degradable and can intercept and store water, so as to improve the survival rate of slope plants, broaden the slope greening method, and promote the popularization of natural education and environmental protection concept in the living environment of residents. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a shrub ecological planting module suitable for slope planting, which is nutritionally degradable and can intercept and store water, realizes the functions of slope soil "retention, infiltration, storage and use", improves the nutrient structure of slope soil, solidifies and protects the slope, and improves the survival rate and greening effect of slope shrub planting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope, comprising a straw planting shell arranged in a hexagonal prism shape, the straw planting shell having an inner and outer double-layer structure made of plant straw, a sponge water storage space being formed at the bottom and the lower part of the outer layer of the straw planting shell, the sponge water storage space being filled with a sponge filler layer, an organic planting space being formed in the inner layer of the straw planting shell, the organic planting space being sequentially laid with a bottom water retention layer, a nutrient planting soil layer and a water-permeable substrate layer from bottom to top, a grass planting space being formed at the upper part of the sponge water storage space, a water inlet groove being arranged between the sponge water storage space and the grass planting space, the grass planting space being laid with a water-permeable substrate layer, the inner layer of the straw planting shell being provided with water-permeable holes at the bottom and the periphery, shrubs or semi-shrubs being planted in the organic planting space, and lawn grass being planted in the grass planting space.

[0007] Preferably, the water-permeable substrate layer in the organic planting space has a laying thickness of 5 cm, and the water-permeable substrate layer in the grass planting space has a laying thickness of 12 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the substrate material of the nutrient planting soil layer is mixed in a mass ratio of 35-40% of original soil, 25-35% of peat soil, 15-20% of leaf rot soil, 10-15% of perlite and 5-10% of microbial fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the substrate material of the water-permeable substrate layer is mixed in a mass ratio of 35-45% of peat soil, 20-30% of river sand, 20-25% of coconut husk, 10-20% of coal cinder and 5-10% of earthworm manure.

[0010] Preferably, the diameters of the circumscribed circles of the inner layer and the outer layer of the straw planting shell are 30 cm and 50 cm, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the sponge filler is a porous slow-release biological filler.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom water retention layer has a thickness of 3 cm and is made of biomass-based superabsorbent resin material.

[0013] Preferably, the shrubs are upright and clump shrubs, and are applied to flat slopes, gentle slopes or inclined slopes with a slope of ≤25°.

[0014] Preferably, the semi-shrubs are clump semi-shrubs or climbing shrubs, and are applied to steep slopes or abrupt slopes with a slope of >25°.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the present application has the following advantages:

[0016] The shrub ecological planting module of the present application is provided with a sponge water storage space, a sponge filler, an organic planting space, a grass planting space and the like, the grass planting space is planted with lawn grass, a water interception ring is formed around the shrub root system, rainwater is rapidly infiltrated through the water-permeable substrate layer and enters the sponge water storage space and is absorbed and stored by the sponge filler for the needs of the shrub root system in drought; the organic planting space is filled with nutrient environment-friendly substrate, the soil structure of the slope is improved, the plant straw planting shell can be gradually degraded after being planted into the soil for 3-4 months and becomes organic matter in the plant root zone to continuously release nutrients for the growth of the shrub.

[0017] The shrub ecological planting module of the present application realizes the functions of "retention, infiltration, storage and use" of the soil of the slope, improves the nutrient structure of the soil of the slope and solves the problems of difficult maintenance, low survival rate and poor slope protection effect after the shrub is planted on the slope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the shrub ecological planting module;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the shrub ecological planting module;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a perspective view of the shrub ecological planting module applied to a slope with a gradient ≤25°;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the shrub ecological planting module applied to a slope with a gradient >25°. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions of the present application are further described below by means of the drawings and embodiments.

[0024] The present application provides a shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope, as shown in Figures 1-4 The present application realizes the functions of "retention, infiltration, storage and use" of the soil of the slope, improves the nutrient structure of the soil of the slope and solves the problems of difficult maintenance, low survival rate and poor slope protection effect after the shrub is planted on the slope by applying the sponge city concept on the slope and providing a sponge water storage space, an organic planting space, a grass planting space and the like to intercept and store water.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the shrub ecological planting module comprises a straw planting shell 1 arranged in a hexagonal prism shape, which has an inner and outer double-layer structure made of plant straw. A sponge water storage space 2 is formed at the bottom and lower part of the outer layer of the straw planting shell 1, which is filled with a sponge filler layer 3. An organic planting space 5 is formed in the inner layer of the straw planting shell 1, which is sequentially laid with a bottom water retention layer 6, a nutrient planting soil layer 7, and a water-permeable substrate layer 8 from bottom to top. A grass planting space 9 is formed at the upper part of the sponge water storage space 2. A water inlet groove 10 is arranged between the sponge water storage space 2 and the grass planting space 9. The water-permeable substrate layer 8 is laid in the grass planting space 9. The inner layer of the straw planting shell 1 is provided with water-permeable holes 4 at the bottom and around. Shrubs 11 or semi-shrubs 13 are planted in the organic planting space 5. Lawn grass 12 is planted in the grass planting space 9.

[0026] The ecological planting module comprises a straw planting shell 1, a sponge water storage space 2, a sponge filler 3, a water-permeable hole 4, a bottom water retention layer 6, a water-permeable substrate layer 8, a grass planting space 9, and a water inlet groove 10. When it rains, the rainwater flows from high to low along the slope. The lawn grass in the grass planting space 9 can intercept the water flow, which is quickly infiltrated through the water-permeable substrate layer 8 and enters the sponge water storage space 2 through the water inlet groove 10, and is absorbed and stored by the sponge filler 3. At the same time, the bottom water retention layer 6 in the organic planting space 5 also absorbs and retains water. The two work together to continuously lock water for shrub roots and provide water supply. In the dry season, the water supply for plant growth in the planting module can be maintained, saving labor maintenance cost and water resources. The application of the ecological planting module breaks through the limitations of shrub growth on the slope, solves the problems of poor growth and low survival rate of plants caused by long slow-growing time and insufficient maintenance in conventional slope protection and landscape greening, and realizes the functions of rainwater collection and storage, drought resistance, and water saving on the slope.

[0027] Specifically, the straw planting shell 1 is made of plant straw and has an inner and outer double-layer structure. The outer circle diameters of the inner and outer layers are 30 cm and 50 cm, respectively. The sponge water storage space 2 is located at the bottom and lower part of the outer layer of the straw planting shell 1 and is used to fill the sponge filler 3, which serves as a water storage and retention space of the planting module. The sponge filler 3 is a porous slow-release biological filler, which comprises organic fillers such as wood chips, water moss, and peat moss and biomass-based superabsorbent resin materials, and together forms a sponge-like porous structure to absorb and store water. The water-permeable hole 4 is located at the bottom and around the inner layer of the straw planting shell 1, so that the water in the sponge water storage space 2 and the organic planting space 5 can flow and communicate better before the early stage of planting, i.e., before the degradation of the straw planting shell.

[0028] The straw planting husk 1 is made from plant straw. After being planted in the soil for 3-4 months, it gradually degrades as the plant grows, becoming organic matter in the root zone and providing nutrients for the growth and expansion of shrubs. The organic planting space 5 is filled with a nutrient planting soil layer 7, and the substrate materials include peat moss, leaf mold, perlite, microbial fertilizer, etc. The modular nutrient structure not only ensures the nutrients required for plant growth, but also effectively replenishes the organic matter content of the slope soil, improves soil fertility, and improves the slope soil structure. Furthermore, the stems and leaves of shrubs and herbaceous plants weaken and inhibit surface runoff, reduce the erosion of the slope soil by rainwater, and the intertwined root systems of shrubs and grasses reinforce the soil through lush branches and leaves and developed root systems, preventing soil erosion, landslides, and other phenomena, and improving slope stability.

[0029] Furthermore, the organic planting space 5 is an inner layer structure of straw planting shell, with a height of 25cm, which is filled with nutrient-rich and environmentally friendly substrate for planting slope shrubs. The bottom water-retaining layer 6 is located at the bottom of the organic planting space 5, with a thickness of 3cm, and is made of biomass-based super absorbent resin material. It is used as a water-retaining layer and works together with the sponge filler 3 to retain and release moisture.

[0030] The nutrient planting soil layer 7 is located in the middle of the organic planting space 5 and above the bottom water-retaining layer 6. The upper part is connected to the permeable matrix layer 8 to improve the nutrient structure of the slope soil. The permeable matrix layer 8 is located on the upper part of the planting module. In the organic planting space 5, it is laid with a thickness of 5cm, and in the grass planting space 9, it is laid with a thickness of 12cm. It is filled with permeable matrix so that water can quickly infiltrate.

[0031] The substrate material composition of the nutrient planting soil layer 7 is as follows: 35-40% native soil, 25-35% peat moss, 15-20% leaf mold, 10-15% perlite, and 5-10% microbial fertilizer; the substrate material composition of the permeable substrate layer 8 is as follows: 35-45% peat moss, 20-30% river sand, 20-25% coconut coir, 10-20% cinder, and 5-10% earthworm castings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the grass-planting space 9 is located above the sponge water storage space 2 and is used to plant turfgrass such as Zoysia japonica and ryegrass 12. It forms a rainwater interception ring around the roots of the shrubs, so that water can be retained and infiltrated into the sponge water storage space 2, while also stabilizing the soil and protecting the slope. The water inlet trough 10 is located between the sponge water storage space 2 and the grass-planting space 9. A 2cm wide slot is opened on the transverse connecting plate of the inner and outer straw shells to facilitate the rapid infiltration of water into the sponge filler 3.

[0033] The shrub ecological planting module of the present application is provided with a sponge water storage space, a sponge filler, an organic planting space, a grass planting space and the like, the grass planting space is planted with lawn grass, a water interception ring is formed around the shrub root system, rainwater quickly infiltrates through the water permeable substrate layer and enters the sponge water storage space, is absorbed and stored by the sponge filler, and is ready for the shrub root system in drought; the organic planting space is filled with nutrient environment-friendly substrate, the soil structure of the slope is improved, the plant straw planting shell can be gradually degraded after being planted in the soil for 3-4 months, becomes organic matter in the plant root zone, and continuously releases nutrients for the growth of the shrub.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3 The shrub 11 is a straight or clump shrub such as hu zhi zi, flower wood blue, and purple pagoda, and is applied to a flat, gentle or inclined slope with a slope of ≤25°.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4 The semi-shrub 13 is a semi-shrub or a vine shrub such as bitter pea and thyme, which is generally short and clump on the ground, and is applied to a steep or steep slope with a slope of >25°.

[0036] The application steps include the following:

[0037] The planting hole is excavated by fixed-point line laying, the semi-product ecological planting module is placed in the hole, and the surrounding soil is compacted; the required substrate materials of the bottom water retaining layer, the nutrient planting soil layer and the water permeable substrate layer are uniformly mixed respectively and filled into the planting module in turn; then, different shrub varieties are selected according to the slope of the slope, if it is a flat, gentle or inclined slope with a slope of ≤5°, a straight or clump shrub such as hu zhi zi, flower wood blue and purple pagoda is selected, if it is a steep or steep slope with a slope of >25°, a semi-shrub or vine shrub such as thyme, bitter pea and juniper is selected, and the seedling is planted in the organic planting space of the module; the seed or sod of lawn grass such as poa annua and rye grass is sown or laid in the water permeable substrate layer of the grass planting space.

[0038] When it rains or is artificially irrigated, water flows from high to low along the slope, the module grass layer can intercept water and pass through the water permeable substrate layer into the sponge water storage space to collect and store water, and the subsequent water permeable holes and straw planting shells can continuously supplement the water required for the growth of the shrub root system; the straw planting shell and the sponge filler also gradually degrade and release nutrients while absorbing and retaining water. Through the organic combination of various structures, the problems of few conventional slope greening shrubs, long seedling time, and low survival rate due to insufficient later maintenance can be solved, drought resistance and water saving are achieved, and the functions of "retention, infiltration, storage and use" of the slope soil and the improvement of the soil structure are realized.

[0039] The ecological planting module can be applied to the slope greening project of roads, water conservancy, real estate and the like, the unique sponge water storage space can store rainwater, guarantee that the plant root system has water supply in the dry season, and reduce the artificial maintenance cost; the degradable straw planting shell and the nutrient planting substrate effectively improve the poor soil condition of the slope body, supplement soil organic matter, and supply plant vigorous growth; the selected shrubs and grasses are all plants with developed root system, large coverage area, strong stress resistance, large root system tensile strength and strong ecological landscape effect, the existence of the shrubs and grasses increases the slope roughness, significantly reduces the erosion of rainwater on the slope, and the deep and shallow layer root systems are uniformly distributed in the slope soil layer, fully play the complementary effect of the root system anchoring effect and the reinforcing effect, consolidate the soil layer, and improve the slope stability.

[0040] All the structures in the shrub ecological planting module suitable for the slope in the application are environment-friendly materials, which can prevent soil environment pollution, consolidate the soil and protect the slope, enhance the ecological effect and plant diversity of the slope surface, make the slope surface finally form a relatively stable ecological system, and realize long-term effective slope protection.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application and not to limit them; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific embodiments of the application can be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the application, they should be covered in the technical solution range of the application claimed by the application.

Claims

1. A shrub ecological planting module suitable for a slope, characterized in that: The application relates to a straw planting shell (1) arranged in a hexagonal prism shape, which has an inner and outer double-layer structure made of plant straw, a sponge water storage space (2) is formed at the bottom and the lower part of the outer layer of the straw planting shell (1), sponge filler layers (3) are filled in the sponge water storage space (2), an organic planting space (5) is formed in the inner layer of the straw planting shell (1), a bottom water retention layer (6), a nutrient planting soil layer (7) and a water-permeable substrate layer (8) are sequentially arranged in the organic planting space (5) from bottom to top, a grass planting space (9) is formed at the upper part of the sponge water storage space (2), a water inlet groove (10) is arranged between the sponge water storage space (2) and the grass planting space (9), the water-permeable substrate layer (8) is arranged in the grass planting space (9), the inner layer of the straw planting shell (1) is provided with water-permeable holes (4) at the bottom and the periphery, shrubs (11) or semi-shrubs (13) are planted in the organic planting space (5), lawn grass (12) is planted in the grass planting space (9), the shrubs (11) are upright and clump shrubs, and are applied to slopes with a slope of less than or equal to 25 degrees, the semi-shrubs (13) are semi-shrubs or climbing shrubs, and are applied to steep slopes with a slope of more than 25 degrees; wherein the water-permeable substrate layer (8) arranged in the organic planting space (5) has a thickness of 5 cm, the water-permeable substrate layer (8) arranged in the grass planting space (9) has a thickness of 12 cm, the matrix material of the nutrient planting soil layer (7) is mixed in a mass ratio of 35-40% of original soil, 25-35% of peat soil, 15-20% of rotten leaf soil, 10-15% of perlite and 5-10% of microbial fertilizer, and the matrix material of the water-permeable substrate layer (8) is mixed in a mass ratio of 35-45% of peat soil, 20-30% of river sand, 20-25% of coconut husk, 10-20% of coal cinder and 5-10% of earthworm manure.

2. The shrub eco-planting module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameters of the circumscribed circles of the inner layer and the outer layer of the straw planting shell (1) are 30 cm and 50 cm respectively.

3. The shrub eco-planting module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sponge filler layers (3) are porous slow-release biological fillers.

4. The shrub eco-planting module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom water retention layer (6) has a thickness of 3 cm and is made of biomass superabsorbent resin material.

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