Method and apparatus for treating waste using low-temperature plasma

Abstract

This document describes an apparatus for treating waste that includes an ionizer, a furnace chamber, a heat exchanger, a pollution control system, and a chimney. The ionizer converts atmospheric air into ionized gas, and the furnace chamber thermally decays the waste by combining the waste with the products of the interaction of the ionized gas and the heat generated by the furnace chamber. The heat exchanger cools the excess gas. A wet scrubber system removes heavy metals and / or acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce scrubbed excess gas, and a fixed bed coke system detoxifies the scrubbed excess gas by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing remaining acid gases, remaining heavy metals, and / or remaining dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas. The chimney transfers the remaining scrubbed excess gas out of the apparatus.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 102,207, filed on June 2, 2020, entitled “Waste Treatment Apparatus Utilizing Ion Exchange and Low-Temperature Plasma in Combination with a Heat Exchanger and Pollution Control System,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves burning the organic matter contained in the waste material by converting it into ash, flue gases (exhaust gases), and heat. The ash, which is highly toxic and must be disposed of safely, is primarily composed of inorganic components of the waste and may take the form of solid lumps or particles carried by the flue gases. The flue gases are also toxic and must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before being released into the atmosphere. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This Summary is provided to introduce some concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0005] A method and apparatus for achieving waste treatment are provided. A waste treatment apparatus includes an ionizer, a furnace chamber, a heat exchanger, a pollution control system, and a chimney. The ionizer converts atmospheric air into ionized gas, and the furnace chamber thermally decays (decomposes) the waste by combining it with products of interaction between the ionized gas and heat generated by the furnace chamber, wherein the products include a low-temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. The furnace chamber conveys excess gas from the products to the heat exchanger.

[0006] A heat exchanger cools the excess gas and transfers the cooled excess gas to a pollution control system. The pollution control system includes a wet scrubber system that removes one or more of heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce scrubbed excess gas, and a fixed-bed coke system that detoxifies (decontaminates) the scrubbed excess gas by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam (water vapor) in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas. A chimney transfers the remaining scrubbed excess gas from the device after detoxification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Other features and advantages of the present invention and the structure and operation of various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. These embodiments provided herein are for illustrative purposes only. Based on the teachings contained herein, additional embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art.

[0008] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate the embodiments and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the embodiments and to enable a person skilled in the relevant art to make and use the embodiments.

[0009] Figure 1 A block diagram of an apparatus for treating waste according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0010] Figure 2 A flow chart illustrating a method for processing waste according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0011] Figure 3A A block diagram illustrating a front view of an apparatus for treating waste according to an example embodiment.

[0012] Figure 3B A block diagram illustrating a side view of an apparatus for processing waste according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0013] Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for initiating waste processing according to an exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0014] Figure 5A According to an exemplary embodiment, Figures 3A-3B Detailed side view of the housing and components of the ionizer described in .

[0015] Figure 5B According to an exemplary embodiment, Figures 3A-3B Cross-section of the ionizer and its components described in .

[0016] Figure 5C The orientation of the magnets according to example embodiments is shown.

[0017] Figure 6 According to an exemplary embodiment, Figures 3A-3B Detailed view of the internal frame of the furnace chamber described in.

[0018] Figure 7 According to an exemplary embodiment, Figures 3A-3B Heat exchanger in.

[0019] Figure 8A According to an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 Cross section of a pollution control system.

[0020] Figure 8B A nozzle according to an example embodiment is shown.

[0021] Figure 9 According to an example embodiment, Figures 3A-3B The chimney in the.

[0022] Features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description set forth below when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify corresponding elements throughout. In the drawings, like reference numerals generally indicate identical, functionally similar, and / or structurally similar elements. The drawing in which an element first appears is indicated by the leftmost digit(s) in the corresponding reference number. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] I. Introduction

[0024] This specification discloses many exemplary embodiments. The scope of this patent application is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but also includes combinations of the disclosed embodiments and modifications to the disclosed embodiments.

[0025] References in the specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example embodiment," etc. indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described.

[0026] During the discussion, unless otherwise indicated, adjectives such as "substantially," "approximately," and "about" that modify conditions or relational characteristics of one or more features of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be understood to mean that the conditions or characteristics are defined to be within acceptable tolerances for the operation of the embodiments for their intended application.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that the spatial descriptions used herein (e.g., "above," "below," "upper," "left," "right," "lower," "top," "bottom," "vertical," "horizontal," etc.) are for illustrative purposes only, and that the actual implementations of the structures and drawings described herein may be spatially arranged in any orientation or manner. Additionally, the drawings may not be provided to scale, and the orientation or organization of the elements of the drawings may vary in embodiments.

[0028] A number of exemplary embodiments are described below. Note that any section / subsection headings provided herein are not intended to be limiting. Various embodiments are described throughout this document, and any type of embodiment may be included under any section / subsection. Furthermore, the embodiments disclosed in any section / subsection may be combined in any manner with any other embodiment described in the same section / subsection and / or in different sections / subsections.

[0029] II. Exemplary Embodiments

[0030] Conventional waste disposal methods involve incineration, which converts waste materials into ash, flue gases, and heat. Ash, which is highly toxic and must be disposed of safely, is primarily composed of inorganic components of the waste and may take the form of solid lumps or particles carried by the flue gases. Flue gases are also toxic and must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before being released into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat generated by incineration can be used to generate electricity.

[0031] Therefore, experts and groups are concerned about the environmental impact of incinerators. For example, the methods for safely disposing of highly toxic ash associated with conventional incinerators usually involve additional waste piles and special toxic waste landfills elsewhere. When it is not handled safely, there is a lot of worry from local residents. In addition, the health effects of dioxin and furan emissions from old incinerators remain an environmental problem. Furthermore, incinerators emit different levels of heavy metals, such as vanadium, manganese, chromium, nickel, arsenic, mercury, lead and cadmium, which are toxic even at very low levels.

[0032] Embodiments overcome these and other problems associated with conventional devices for treating waste in novel ways. In embodiments, an ionizer utilizes one or more magnets to convert atmospheric air into ionized gas, thereby acting as a high-energy catalyst for the generation of a low-temperature plasma and ultimately inhibiting the generation of harmful chemicals at the molecular level. In embodiments, a furnace chamber causes the waste to thermally decay by combining the waste with a low-temperature plasma, which directly inhibits the formation of harmful chemicals at the molecular level. In embodiments, a heat exchanger cools the exhaust gas to inhibit and / or remove dioxin / furan pollutants in the exhaust gas. In embodiments, a pollution control system removes particulate matter, heavy metals, and pollutants from the cooled exhaust gas to achieve cleaner air emissions. In embodiments, the pollution control system further cools the exhaust gas. In embodiments, the chimney includes a particulate matter collector to further collect any remaining particulate matter before the remaining gas leaves the device via the chimney.

[0033] Exemplary embodiments are described below and relate to techniques for treating waste. For example, Figure 1 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus 100 for treating waste according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, plant 100 includes an ionizer 102, a furnace chamber 104, a heat exchanger 106, a pollution control system 108, and a chimney 110. Pollution control system 108 includes a wet scrubber system 112 and a fixed bed coke system 114. These features of plant 100 are described as follows.

[0034] The ionizer 102 may represent any enclosure capable of converting atmospheric air into an ionized gas. The ionizer 102 is configured to receive atmospheric air and convert it into an ionized gas that can be used by the apparatus 100. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the ionizer 102 receives atmospheric air 120 and converts the atmospheric air 120 into an ionized gas 122. The ionizer 102 can accomplish this conversion in a variety of ways, as discussed in detail below. In an embodiment, the ionizer 102 delivers the ionized gas 122 to the furnace chamber 104.

[0035] The furnace chamber 104 may represent any enclosed structure in which materials may be heated to very high temperatures. The furnace chamber 104 is configured to thermally decay the received waste by combining the received waste with products of the interaction of the ionized gas and the heat generated by the furnace chamber 104. In embodiments, the products include a low temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and / or one of the sulfur oxide family (e.g., sulfur dioxide compounds). For example, Figure 1 As shown, the furnace chamber 104 receives the ionized gas 122 and the waste 134 so that the waste 134 can be combined with the ionized gas 122 and the internally generated heat to thermally decay the waste 134. The furnace chamber 104 is also configured to transfer excess gas of the product to a heat exchanger. For example, the furnace chamber 104 transfers the excess gas 124 to the heat exchanger 106.

[0036] The heat exchanger 106 may represent any structure capable of cooling the excess gas. The heat exchanger 106 is configured to cool the excess gas and transfer the cooled excess gas to the pollution control system. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchanger 106 receives and cools the excess gas 124 and passes the cooled excess gas 126 to the pollution control system 108 .

[0037] The pollution control system 108, including the wet scrubber system 112 and the fixed bed coke system 114, may represent any structure capable of filtering and / or refining a gas stream. The wet scrubber system 112 is configured to remove heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce a scrubbed excess gas. In an embodiment, the heavy metals may include, but are not limited to, mercury, lead, and cadmium, and the acid gases may include, but are not limited to, sulfur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, and hydrogen sulfide. For example, Figure 1As shown, wet scrubber system 112 detoxifies received excess gas 126 by removing heavy metals and / or acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce scrubbed excess gas 128. In an embodiment, wet scrubber system 112 transfers scrubbed excess gas 128 to fixed bed coke system 114.

[0038] The fixed bed coke system 114 is configured to detoxify the scrubbed excess gas. Figure 1 As shown, fixed-bed coke system 114 detoxifies the received scrubbed excess gas 128. Fixed-bed coke system 114 can detoxify the scrubbed excess gas in various ways. For example, fixed-bed coke system 114 can receive scrubbed excess gas 128 and convert carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas 128 into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and remove residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and / or residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas 128. In one embodiment, fixed-bed coke system 112 then transfers the remaining scrubbed excess gas 130 to stack 110.

[0039] Chimney 110 can represent any chimney capable of further purifying excess gas. Chimney 110 is configured to receive the scrubbed excess gas, further purify the scrubbed excess gas, and transfer any remaining gas out of the system. For example, chimney 110 receives remaining purified excess gas 130 and transfers remaining purified excess gas 132 out of apparatus 100. Chimney 110 is configured to further purify the excess gas in various ways, as discussed in detail below. These features of apparatus 100 are discussed in detail elsewhere herein.

[0040] As described above, in an embodiment, the apparatus 100 is configured to treat waste by utilizing ion exchange and low temperature plasma in conjunction with a heat exchanger and a pollution control system. For example, Figure 2 A flowchart 200 of a method for treating waste according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. In an embodiment, the flowchart 200 can be implemented by the apparatus 100. For illustrative purposes, Figure 2 The flowchart 200 will continue to refer to Figure 1 The apparatus 100 is described below, and other structural and operational embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art(s) based on the following discussion of the flowchart 200 and the apparatus 100.

[0041] Flowchart 200 begins at step 202. In step 202, atmospheric air is converted into an ionized gas. For example, and with reference to Figure 1, the ionizer 102 converts the received atmospheric air 120 into an ionized gas 122 for delivery to the furnace chamber 104. In an embodiment, and discussed in more detail below, the ionizer 102 converts the atmospheric air 120 into the ionized gas 122 by decomposing an oxygen molecule into two ionized oxygen atoms. Oxygen is paramagnetic, and the oxygen atoms have two unpaired electrons, which are released during the ionization process. This ionization can provide energy for waste decomposition and also provide a reduction in flue gas toxic emissions. The ionizer 102 can be configured in various ways and can perform its functions in various ways, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0042] In step 204, the waste is thermally decayed by combining the waste with products of the interaction of the ionized gas and the heat generated in the furnace chamber, the products comprising a low temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. For example, referring to Figure 1 , the furnace chamber 104 causes the received waste 134 to thermally decay by combining the product of the interaction of the waste 134 with the ionized gas 122 and the heat generated by the furnace chamber 104. In an embodiment, the previously mentioned unpaired electrons are concentrated when they enter the furnace chamber 104, so that the heat in the furnace chamber 104 further excites free ions and accelerates the exothermic ionization reaction. Highly reactive anions suppress the formation of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and / or sulfur oxides (SOx) by ion exchange. Therefore, the pollutants usually associated with incineration are minimized. In an embodiment, heat is generated by the furnace chamber 104 in various ways. For example, in one embodiment, the energy initially added (for example, flame or other forms of sufficient heat) is introduced into the furnace chamber 104 to start the thermal decay process of a portion of the waste, after which the thermal decay of the received waste 134 can be self-sustaining, as described above for step 204 and elsewhere herein. Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, electricity may be supplied to power the pumps and / or blowers from within the system itself, including photovoltaics, generators, other power sources (including different voltages, 110V, 220V AC), geothermal conversion, steam to turbine, etc.

[0043] In step 206, the excess gas of the product is transferred through a heat exchanger to cool the excess gas. For example, referring to Figure 1 The product excess gas 124 is passed through the heat exchanger 106 to cool the excess gas 124. In an embodiment, cooling of the excess gas protects the metallurgy of the wet scrubber system housing and baffles and inhibits and / or removes dioxin / furan contaminants from the gas stream.

[0044] In step 208, the cooled excess gas is transferred to a pollution control system. For example, referring to Figure 1The cooled excess gas 126 is passed to the pollution control system 108. In step 208A, one or more heavy metals and acid gases are removed from the cooled excess gas to produce a scrubbed excess gas. For example, referring to Figure 1 The wet scrubber system 112 removes heavy metals and / or acid gases from the cooled excess gas 126 to produce scrubbed excess gas 128. In one embodiment, and discussed in more detail below, the wet scrubber system 112 utilizes a nozzle system that neutralizes the acid gases and inhibits the ingress of particulate matter and heavy metals into the bath. In another embodiment, and discussed in more detail below, the wet scrubber system 112 continues to cool the excess gas 126.

[0045] In step 208B, the scrubbed excess gas is detoxified by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas. Figure 1 In the fixed bed coke system 114 , the scrubbed excess gas 128 is detoxified by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas 128 into carbon dioxide and hydrogen and removing residual acid gases, heavy metals, and / or dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas 128 .

[0046] In step 210, the remaining scrubbed excess gas that has been detoxified is transferred out of the system. Figure 1 The chimney 210 transfers the detoxified remaining cleaned excess gas 132 out of the apparatus 100 . In an embodiment, the chimney 210 further collects particulate matter from the detoxified scrubbed excess gas 132 before transferring the detoxified scrubbed excess gas 132 out of the apparatus 100 .

[0047] As described above, in an embodiment, the apparatus 100 is configured to treat waste by utilizing ion exchange and low temperature plasma in combination with a heat exchanger and a pollution control system. The apparatus 100 can be configured in various ways and can perform its functions in various ways. Figures 3A-3B .

[0048] For example, Figure 3A A block diagram illustrates a front view of an apparatus 300 for treating waste according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3B FIG2 is a block diagram showing a side view of an apparatus 300 for treating waste according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3A As shown, the apparatus 300 includes a chimney 302, a top waste loading door 304, a furnace chamber 306, a secondary waste access (operating) door 308, an ionizer 310, and an ash removal door 312. Figure 3BAs shown, the apparatus 300 includes a top waste loading door 304, a lifting device 332, a heat exchanger 322, a wet scrubber system 324, a fixed bed coke system 326, a chimney 302, a reverse blower 334, a water level controller 336, a pump 338, a filter system 340, an ionizer 310, an ash removal door 312, a blower 330, a secondary waste access door 308 and a furnace chamber 306.

[0049] Chimney 302 is Figure 1 An example of a chimney 110. The fixed bed coke system 326 is Figure 1 An example of a fixed bed coke system 114 is a wet scrubber system 324. Figure 1 An example of a wet scrubber system 112. The heat exchanger 322 is Figure 1 The furnace chamber 306 is an example of a heat exchanger 106. Figure 1 An example of a furnace chamber 104 in FIG. 1 is an ion generator 310. Figure 1 Based on the following discussion of the device 300, other structural and operational embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0050] As described above, the ionizer receives atmospheric air. The ionizer can do this in a variety of ways and has various configurations. In an embodiment, the ionizer includes a housing adjacent to the bottom of the furnace chamber. Figure 3B As shown, the ionizer 310 includes an enclosure adjacent to the bottom of the furnace chamber 306. The atmosphere can be received and driven in various ways. In an embodiment, the blower 330 drives the atmosphere into and around the ionizer 310. In an embodiment, the blower 330 may include one or more blowers connected to the ionizer 310 via one or more conduits so that the atmosphere is driven through the one or more conduits and into the ionizer. For example, and with continued reference to Figure 3B , the blower 330 drives the atmosphere through one or more ducts and into the enclosure of the ionizer 310. In other embodiments, the atmosphere is controlled by a variable frequency drive controller and extends circumferentially around the base of the furnace chamber 306 and through the ionizer 310.

[0051] As described above, once the ionizer receives atmospheric air, the ionizer converts the atmospheric air into an ionized gas that is transferred to the furnace chamber 306, which will be discussed in more detail below. The furnace chamber 306 receives the waste and thermally decays the waste by combining the waste with products of the interaction between the ionized gas and the heat generated by the furnace chamber 306, wherein the products include a low temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides. The furnace chamber 306 can achieve this in various ways and have various configurations. For example, Figure 4 A flow chart 400 is shown for a method of initiating waste treatment. For illustrative purposes, reference is made to Figure 3B To describe Figure 4 Flowchart 400 of .

[0052] Flowchart 400 begins at step 402. In step 402, a portion of waste is received in a first amount so that a heat generation process can be initiated after loading the first amount of waste. Figure 3B , the furnace chamber 306 is rectangular in shape and is loaded with waste via a secondary waste access door 308 to initiate initial lighting for starting the heat generation process. In an embodiment, when the ionized gas enters the furnace chamber 306 via one or more conduits, the secondary waste access door 308 is sealed to create a low oxygen environment within the furnace chamber 306. As the waste thermally decays, the temperature increases, and at, for example, about 400 degrees Fahrenheit and higher, an ideal ion gas state is achieved with maximum energy and exothermic reactions of charged ions. In an embodiment, the heat is absorbed and stored within the insulation of the furnace chamber 306 to provide heat source feedback to successive waste batches. In this way, no external fuel is used in the initial post-process and no secondary heating is required to control toxins. In an embodiment, as Figure 3B As shown, a secondary waste access door 308 is located near the bottom of the furnace chamber 306 .

[0053] In step 404, additional waste is received for thermal decay thereof in a second amount that is greater than the first amount. Figure 3B , the top waste loading door 304 of the furnace chamber 306 is loaded with each successive load of waste for thermal decay thereof. In embodiments, the internal frame is made of a high quality stainless steel, such as martensitic steel, to provide protection to the furnace chamber 306. In embodiments, and due to the significant weight of the top waste loading door 304, the top waste loading door 304 may require a lifting device 332, such as an actuated ram or chain hoist, to open and close the top waste loading door 304. In embodiments, as the waste thermally decays, it produces solid by-product ash, which is captured in an ash collection tray and removed via an ash removal door. For example, referring to Figure 3A and 3B The ash removal door 312 captures the ash in the collection tray so that it can be removed later. In an embodiment, the ash can be used for various purposes, such as organic charcoal or biochar.

[0054] As described above, once the waste has thermally decayed, the product excess gas is transferred out of the furnace chamber and into a heat exchanger to be cooled, as will be discussed in more detail below. Figure 3BThe product excess gas is transferred out of the furnace chamber 306 and into the heat exchanger 322 to be cooled. In an embodiment, the rapid cooling inhibits and / or removes dioxin and / or furan pollutants from the gas stream. After the excess gas is cooled, and as described above, the cooled excess gas is transferred from the heat exchanger to a wet scrubber system of an air pollution control system to produce scrubbed excess gas, discussed in more detail below. For example, with reference to Figure 3B The cooled excess gas is passed to the wet scrubber system 324 and the filtration system 340 for scrubbing. In an embodiment, the base of the wet scrubber system 324 includes a highly alkaline absorbent solution bath (tank), and piping and pump 338 draw in and pump from the base of the alkaline bath to nozzles located along the piping at the top of the lower baffle. In an embodiment, the water level of the bath is controlled via an electric water level controller 336. In an embodiment, a reverse blower 334 supplies various aspects of the apparatus 300, such as the chimney 302, the filtration system 340, and the pump 338.

[0055] After scrubbing the excess gas, as described above, the scrubbed excess gas is transferred from the wet scrubber to a fixed bed coke system of an air pollution control system to detoxify the scrubbed excess gas, which will be discussed in more detail below. For example, with reference to Figure 3B , the scrubbed excess gas is transferred from the wet scrubber system 324 to the fixed bed coke system 326 for detoxification. As described above, the remaining detoxified scrubbed gas is transferred out of the unit. For example, referring to Figure 3B The remaining detoxified scrubbing gas is transferred out of the device 100 via the chimney 302.

[0056] As mentioned above, Figure 1 The ion generator 102 and / or Figure 3A and 3B The ionizer 310 is configured to convert atmospheric air into ionized gas using one or more magnets. To achieve this, the ionizer as described herein can be configured in various ways. For example, Figure 5A A detailed side view 500 of an ionizer housing and its components is shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 5B depicts a cross section 505 of an ionizer and its components, Figure 5C The orientation of the magnets is shown at 515. For purposes of illustration, reference will continue to be made to Figure 3B Let's discuss Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B and Figure 5C .like Figure 5A As shown, the side view 500 includes a housing 502. Figure 5B As shown, the cross section 505 includes the housing 502, the furnace tube 506, the inner sliding plate 508, the outer sliding plate 510 and the magnet holding device 512. Figure 5CAs shown, orientation 515 includes outer sliding plate 510, magnet retaining device 512, and inner sliding plate 508. These and other features of side view 500, cross section 505, and orientation 515 are described below.

[0057] In an embodiment, the ionizer housing 502 is fixed to the base of the furnace chamber 306. In an embodiment, the inner sliding plate 508 and the outer sliding plate 510 can each have a corresponding predetermined hole pattern. In an embodiment, the outer sliding plate 510 can include one or more magnet retaining devices 512 positioned across the predetermined hole pattern. In an embodiment, as Figure 5B As shown, the magnet retaining device 512 is fixed to the outer sliding plate 510 to align with the furnace tube 506. In an embodiment, the magnet retaining device 512 can be configured to retain one or more magnets and maintain the spacing between the one or more magnets. For example, the magnet retaining device 512 is configured to position the magnets without applying heat near the magnets. In an embodiment, the inner sliding plate 508 is configured to move independently relative to the outer sliding plate 510 via a sliding mechanism. In this way, the inner sliding plate 508 can move in the channel and can be opened and closed to isolate the ionizer - and particularly the magnets - from the furnace chamber, thereby preventing excessive heat from reaching the magnets and flowing back into the ionizer, and the magnets themselves are physically separated from the furnace chamber and the tube, thereby providing additional overheating protection through conductive heat transfer.

[0058] In an embodiment, one or more magnets generate a magnetic field for the passage of atmospheric air. The one or more magnets can achieve a high Curie temperature rating and magnetic pull strength. In an embodiment, the one or more magnets can be samarium cobalt magnets. In an embodiment, the one or more magnets are stacked and arranged to provide maximum flux density, thereby allowing for amplified magnetic flux. In an embodiment, a minimum of 2 or more rectangular magnets that are 3 / 8" (inch) wide or larger are stacked so that the north poles and south poles face each other without spacing. In an embodiment, the upper and lower magnet groups have the same construction. For example, in an embodiment, the two stacked groups of magnets are arranged so that the north pole of the upper stack is positioned within 1 / 2" or less of the bottom stack, with the bottom stack south pole facing the upper stack north pole. In an embodiment, the magnetic flux is greater than 500 gauss. This magnetic flux strength enables oxygen molecules to decompose into ionized oxygen atoms.

[0059] As described above, ionized gases containing deconstructed oxygen atoms uniquely inhibit the formation of complex pollutant molecular chain interactions. Oxygen molecules are no longer available to pair with other elements such as sulfur and chlorine, which are key components of air pollutants such as dioxins, furans, sulfur dioxide, and other pollution compounds.

[0060] As mentioned above, the blower drives atmospheric air through the ionizer and into the furnace chamber. Figure 6 A detailed view of the interior frame 600 of the furnace chamber is depicted. Figure 6 As shown, the internal frame 600 includes a stainless steel plate 602 having an airflow pattern, a stainless steel plate 604 having an airflow configuration, a waste base 606, an ash tray 608, an ash door 610, and airflow holes 612. These features of the internal frame 600 will be described below.

[0061] In an embodiment, the base of the frame supports the waste when loaded and provides a compartment for ash collection below. Figure 6 As shown, the waste chassis 606 supports the waste when loaded and provides an ash tray 608 for collecting the ash. In an embodiment, the air flow is configured to achieve a circulation path for the ionized gas by cutting into the frame of the side panels. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the stainless steel plate with air flow configurations 602, 604 and air flow holes 612 provides a circulation path for ion gas generation. In an embodiment, when waste is processed, it produces solid by-product ash, which is collected by ash tray 608 and transferred to ash door 610 along with unprocessed metal, glass fragments and / or the like. For example, Figure 6 As shown, ash is captured and removed by ash tray 608 , and unprocessed debris is captured and removed by ash door 610 .

[0062] As described above, when the waste is thermally decayed, the excess gas leaves the furnace through the rectangular gas outlet and enters the heat exchanger. For example, Figure 7 An exemplary heat exchanger 700 is shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 7 As shown, heat exchanger 700 includes a water bath 702, a gas inlet 704, a gas outlet 706, an elbow 708, a water inlet 710, and a high heat / steam connection 712. These and other features of heat exchanger 700 are described below.

[0063] In an embodiment, the excess gas leaves the furnace chamber via a rectangular flue gas outlet and enters the heat exchanger box. Figure 7 , the excess gas enters the heat exchanger box 700 via the gas inlet 704. In an embodiment, the heat exchanger box provides cooling for the excess gas by a water bath located between the inner box and the outer box. For example, referring to Figure 7 , water is pumped into the tank through a water inlet 710 located near the water bath 702 and passes through it to continuously cool the excess gas. The cooling of the excess gas protects the metallurgy of the wet scrubber shell and baffles. In an embodiment, the water leaves the heat exchanger through a series of nozzles that form the first stage of wet scrubber suppression. For example, referring to Figure 7 , the water leaves the heat exchanger 700 through the 90-degree elbow 708.

[0064] In the embodiment, as Figure 1 The heat exchanger 106 and / or Figure 3A and 3B The initial step in the heat exchanger 322 of the excess gas, the rapid cooling of the excess gas also inhibits and removes dioxin / furan contaminants in the excess gas. In a further embodiment, the heat exchanger provides a source for high heat / steam connection 712 to be used as a power generation capacity, which can be adapted to the access point to generate electricity, thereby continuously providing power from the waste stream. In an embodiment, the cooled excess gas exits the heat exchanger and enters the wet scrubber system of the pollution control system. For example, referring to Figure 7 The cooled excess gas leaves the heat exchanger 700 via the gas outlet 706 .

[0065] As described above, the cooled excess gas enters a pollution control system for further purification. As further noted above, such a pollution control system may include a wet scrubber system portion followed by a fixed bed coke system portion. In embodiments, the wet scrubber system and the fixed bed coke system may be configured in various ways. For example, Figure 8A 8 shows a cross-section of a pollution control system 800 according to an exemplary embodiment. Pollution control system 800 (also referred to herein as "system 800") is an embodiment of pollution control system 108. Figure 8A As shown, system 800 includes scrubber housing 802 , baffles 804 , and nozzles and piping 806 , which may comprise the wet scrubber portion of system 800 , and fixed bed shell and trays 808 , inlet 810 , and outlet 812 , which may comprise the fixed bed coke tray portion of system 800 . Figure 8B yes Figure 8A and shows a nozzle 805 according to an exemplary embodiment, which may be Figure 8A The nozzle in and the nozzle in pipe 806. Figure 8A and 8B These and other features of are discussed below.

[0066] In an embodiment, the wet scrubber portion of the system 800 includes a series of stages, wherein each stage includes an upper and lower configuration of baffles 804 and nozzles and ducts 806. For example, Figure 8AAs shown, the wet scrubber portion of the system 800 includes stages of nozzles and ducts 806 and a series of baffles 804 enclosed by a scrubber housing 802. In embodiments, the series of stages can be any number of stages including any number of baffles 804 and / or nozzles and ducts 806. In an embodiment, the wet scrubber portion includes an alkaline absorbent water bath at the bottom of the scrubber housing 802, wherein a pump draws absorbent fluid from the bottom of the water bath and provides the alkaline absorbent to the nozzles and ducts 806. In an embodiment, the nozzles of the nozzles and ducts 806 can be specifically designed and / or configured to minimize the spray droplet size in an enhanced double cone spray configuration to maximize contact with the airflow after the airflow enters the system 800 via the inlet 810. For example, as Figure 8B As shown, nozzle 805 is specifically designed / configured to maximize this contact with the airflow.

[0067] In an embodiment, and as described above, the wet scrubber portion of the system 800 continues to cool the excess gas. For example, Figure 8A As shown, the cooled excess gas is further cooled as it continues its path through the nozzle and duct 806 and baffle 804. In an embodiment, the cooled excess gas is cooled to 600-700°F.

[0068] In an embodiment, Figure 8BAs shown, the fluid impacts the spiral shape shown and is sheared into droplets in a plurality of hollow cone configurations to provide a fully contacted cone configuration. In an embodiment, the absorbent is a high pH alkaline chemical or combination of chemicals that neutralizes acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, hydrogen sulfide, and other gases to permanently remove these acidic gases from the gas stream. In this way, the spray further suppresses and contacts the particulate matter within the gas stream to knock the material within the gas stream into the water bath. In addition, heavy metals such as mercury, lead, and cadmium attach themselves to the particulate matter and are suppressed from entering the water bath along with other substances. In an embodiment, the wet scrubber portion of system 800 can be or include it as part of a closed-loop system. Therefore, a cleaning system portion of system 800 can also be envisioned herein, which is configured to filter particulate matter from the absorbent water bath. The bottom of the water scrubber nozzle - such as an ejector nozzle - is used to keep solid particles in suspension, allowing the cleaning system to clean the absorbent water by collecting and filtering particulate matter therefrom. Thus, in performing such cleaning, embodiments provide for a filtration portion of a cleaning system that may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: a pump, an ejector nozzle, a pipe, a centrifuge, a cartridge filter, a bag filter, and / or a sock filter. For example, a weir (dam-like portion) may be used in one or more baffles 804 to separate a clean portion of the tank from a dirty portion of the tank so that the clean fluid is pumped back to the clean portion, which is the suction side of the separation pumping system focused on suppressing particulate matter. Thus, the water bath is recirculated through the pumping system, e.g. Figure 3B of the pump 338 and through a filtration system, e.g. Figure 3B A filtration system 340 that removes solid matter from the absorbent bath and allows for a closed loop wet scrubber process. In an embodiment, the water level is controlled via an electric water level controller, e.g. Figure 1 A water level controller 336 is provided that maintains a specified water level and thereby achieves an optimized, stable pressure drop and flow path within the wet scrubber portion of the system 800 .

[0069] As described above, the scrubbed excess gas exits the wet scrubber portion of the system 800 and enters the fixed bed coke tray system portion of the system 800. For example, and as Figure 8AAs shown in , in the flow of system 800, the fixed bed shell and trays 808 are after the wet scrubber section. In an embodiment, the fixed bed shell and trays 808 may include various types of granular activated carbon that are specially formulated to polish residual pollutants such as acid gases, heavy metals and dioxins / furans. In an embodiment, the first tray of the fixed bed shell and trays 808 may include copper oxide, zinc oxide and / or aluminum oxide granular catalysts to achieve a low temperature water gas shift (water gas shift) process. The oxides of copper, zinc and / or aluminum operate at low temperatures - for example, 200°F-400°F - to convert carbon monoxide and water (for example, as steam) into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This is represented by the following chemical formula:

[0070]

[0071] During the thermal treatment and decomposition of oxygen molecules into oxygen atoms, carbon monoxide is formed as a byproduct, which requires special treatment. A low temperature water gas shift reaction induced by a copper oxide, zinc oxide, and / or aluminum oxide granular catalyst enables the removal of unwanted carbon monoxide from flue gas emissions. In an embodiment, the process operates within a temperature range of 200-400 degrees Fahrenheit, allowing the copper oxide, zinc oxide, and / or aluminum oxide granular catalyst to be placed in the fixed bed shells and trays 808 within this temperature range. The remaining gas, after being polished / treated by the fixed bed shells and trays 808, exits the system 800 through output 812 into the base of the chimney, as described in further detail below.

[0072] For example, Figure 9 A chimney 900 is shown according to an example embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, chimney 900 includes a positively charged plate 902, a plate removal door 904, a venturi orifice 906, an electrode 908, a blower duct 910, a chimney air inlet 912, and an outlet 914. These and other features of chimney 900 are described below.

[0073] In an embodiment, a voltage of, for example, 208 volts or higher in an embodiment may be applied to the negatively charged electrode 908 and when a charge is applied at its base via the chimney inlet 912 Figure 8A When the flue gas particles entering the chimney 900 of the pollution control system 800 pass through the negatively charged electrode 908, the particles become negatively charged, but lower voltages are also contemplated. Figure 9 As shown, when the excess gas particles pass through the negatively charged electrode 908, the particles become negatively charged. The charged species move along the positively charged plate 902, and the negatively charged species are attracted to the positively charged plate 902 and are collected along the surface of the positively charged plate 902. For example, Figure 9As shown, charged species migrate along positively charged plates 902, while negatively charged species are attracted to the positively charged plates 902, thereby collecting along their surfaces. In an embodiment, positively charged plates 902 are periodically removed through plate removal doors 904 for cleaning and / or replacement. The remaining, scrubbed excess gas is further purified by the method described above with respect to chimney 900.

[0074] In an embodiment, a blower installed below the chimney 900, such as Figure 3B The reverse blower 334 is connected to the venturi orifice 906 by a pipe so that the venturi orifice 906 causes suction / drafting into the chimney outlet 914, thereby pulling the exhaust gas through the air pollution control system, such as Figure 8A The pollution control system 800 and through the outlet 914. For example, Figure 9 As shown, blower duct 910 enables ducting to venturi orifice 906 to create suction / drafting, thereby pulling the remaining cleaned excess gas, which is detoxified through outlet 914. In an embodiment, blower speed is adjusted via a variable frequency speed controller to optimize smoke exhaust conditions.

[0075] In an embodiment, the device 100 includes a clean section and a dirty section, such that the device removes material from the dirty fluid in the dirty section by centrifuging an internal bag filter and returns the clean fluid to the clean section. In an embodiment, the device includes a double door for loading so that the interior of the device is not exposed to the outside world, for example, during operation for treating waste as described herein. In an embodiment, the device can be continuously loaded, substantially continuously loaded, or configured for continuous loading during operation, such as by using a conveyor belt that provides the waste to be treated to the furnace chamber. In an embodiment, the logistics of the device are fed back into the system to generate electricity to operate the device and corresponding components. In an embodiment, the device produces organic charcoal as an output, which can be reused.

[0076] IV. Additional Exemplary Embodiments

[0077] As described, systems and devices implementing the techniques herein can be configured and implemented in various ways to perform their respective functions of treating waste using low-temperature plasma. In embodiments, one or more of the steps or operations in any flowchart and / or flow chart described herein may not be performed. Furthermore, steps or operations may be performed in addition to or in place of the steps or operations in any flowchart and / or flow chart described herein. Furthermore, in examples, one or more operations in any flowchart and / or flow chart described herein may be performed out of sequence, in an alternate sequence, or partially (or completely) simultaneously with each other or with other operations. As described herein, systems, devices, components, etc. configured to perform functions and / or operations in the embodiments are also contemplated to perform these functions and / or operations. Furthermore, the embodiments shown and described herein may include more or fewer components / subcomponents than shown or listed, and in embodiments, some components may be combined or separated and may differ from the examples specifically noted herein. Furthermore, while the embodiments include some specific descriptions of frame and structural materials, other materials are also contemplated herein. The additional examples and embodiments described in this section may be applicable to the examples disclosed in any other sections or subsections of this disclosure.

[0078] This document describes an apparatus for treating waste. The apparatus includes an ionizer, a furnace chamber, a heat exchanger, a pollution control system, and a chimney. The ionizer is configured to convert atmospheric air into ionized gas, and the furnace chamber is configured to thermally decay the waste by combining the waste with products of the interaction of the ionized gas and heat generated by the furnace chamber, the products comprising a low-temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides, and transferring excess gas from the products to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is configured to cool the excess gas and transfer the cooled excess gas to the pollution control system. The pollution control system includes a wet scrubber system and a fixed bed coke system, wherein the wet scrubber system is configured to remove one or more of heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce washed excess gas, and the fixed bed coke system is configured to detoxify the washed excess gas by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the washed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the washed excess gas. The chimney is configured to transfer the detoxified remaining washed excess gas out of the device. In one embodiment of the above device, the ionizer includes one or more magnets that are thermally isolated from the furnace chamber and the conduit that provides atmospheric air to the furnace chamber, and the ionizer is configured to convert the atmospheric air by passing the atmospheric air through a magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets. In another embodiment of the above device, the one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets. In another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the one or more magnets include two magnets stacked to generate a magnetic flux of approximately 500-600 gauss. In another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the magnetic field causes oxygen molecules from the atmosphere to separate into two oxygen atoms comprising the ionized gas prior to entering the furnace chamber. In another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the ionizer includes a variable frequency drive controller configured to control the flow of atmospheric air around a base portion of the furnace chamber. In another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the furnace chamber includes an operable waste access door that removably covers the furnace chamber and is configured to receive a first quantity of waste for thermal decay of the waste, and a secondary waste access door that is smaller in size than the operable waste access door and is located near the base portion of the furnace chamber and is configured to receive a portion of a second quantity of waste, the second quantity being smaller than the first quantity, such that a heat generation process can be initiated after the second quantity of waste is loaded.

[0079] Disclosed herein is a method for treating waste. The method includes converting atmospheric air into an ionized gas, thermally decaying the waste by combining the waste with products of the interaction of the ionized gas and heat generated by a furnace chamber, the products comprising a low-temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides, transferring the product excess gas through a heat exchanger to cool the excess gas, transferring the cooled excess gas to a pollution control system to remove one or more of heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce scrubbed excess gas, detoxifying the scrubbed excess gas by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas, and transferring the detoxified scrubbed residual acid gas out of the system. In one embodiment of the foregoing method, the converting includes passing the atmospheric air through a magnetic field generated by one or more magnets, the one or more magnets being thermally decoupled from the furnace chamber and from a conduit providing atmospheric air to the furnace chamber. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing method, the one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing method, the one or more magnets comprise two magnets stacked to produce a magnetic flux of approximately 500-600 gauss. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing method, the magnetic field causes oxygen molecules to separate from atmospheric air into two oxygen atoms comprising ionized gas prior to entering the furnace chamber. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing method, the method further comprises controlling the circumferential flow of the atmospheric air around the base of the furnace chamber. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing method, detoxifying the scrubbed excess gas comprises passing the scrubbed excess gas through a granular catalyst in a fixed bed shell and a tray, the tray being capable of performing a low temperature water gas shift, the granular catalyst comprising one or more of copper oxide, zinc oxide, or aluminum oxide.

[0080] A waste treatment apparatus is described herein. The apparatus includes a furnace chamber, an ionizer, and at least one blower. The ionizer includes a housing adjacent to a base of the furnace chamber, and an outer housing secured to the furnace chamber. The outer housing includes a first inner sliding plate and a second inner sliding plate, each inner sliding plate having a corresponding predetermined aperture therein. The first inner sliding plate is configured to move independently relative to the second inner sliding plate via a sliding mechanism, and the second inner sliding plate includes one or more magnet retaining seats positioned across the predetermined apertures to maintain spacing between the one or more magnets respectively retained therein. The at least one blower is connected to the ionizer via one or more ducts and is configured to drive atmospheric air through the one or more ducts into the ionizer housing. The ionizer is configured to convert the atmospheric air into an ionized gas via interaction with a magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets, and to provide the ionized gas to the furnace chamber. The furnace chamber is configured to thermally decay the waste received therein by combining the waste with products of interaction between the ionized gas and heat generated in the furnace chamber during a low-temperature plasma reaction. In an embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the one or more magnets are rectangular 3 / 8" wide magnets. In another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the one or more magnets are located on the outlet of the blower and outside of the opening into the furnace chamber. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the one or more magnets are thermally isolated from the furnace chamber and from a conduit providing atmospheric air to the furnace chamber, and the ionizer is configured to convert the atmospheric air by passing the atmospheric air through the magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets. In yet another embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the magnetic field causes oxygen molecules to separate from the atmospheric air into two oxygen atoms comprising the ionized gas prior to entering the furnace chamber.

[0081] V. Summary

[0082] Although various embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented by way of example only and not limitation. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments. Therefore, the breadth and scope of the embodiments should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for treating waste, comprising: ion generators, furnace chambers, heat exchangers, pollution control systems, chimneys; The ionizer is configured to convert atmospheric air into ionized gas; The furnace chamber comprises: an operable waste access door removably covering the furnace chamber and configured to receive the waste in a first amount for thermal decay of the waste; and a secondary waste access door smaller in size than the operable waste access door and located proximate a base of the furnace chamber, the secondary waste access door configured to receive a portion of the waste in a second amount so that a heat generation process can commence after loading the second amount of waste, the second amount being smaller than the first amount; and The furnace chamber is constructed as follows: thermally decaying the waste by combining the waste with products produced by the interaction of the ionized gas and heat generated by the furnace chamber, the products comprising a low temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides; and transferring excess gas from the product to the heat exchanger; The heat exchanger is constructed as follows: cooling the excess gas; and diverting cooled excess gas to a pollution control system; The pollution control system comprises: a wet scrubber system configured to remove one or more of heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce scrubbed excess gas; and A fixed bed coke system configured to detoxify the scrubbed excess gas by: converting carbon monoxide, water and steam in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas; and The chimney is configured to transfer the detoxified remaining scrubbed excess gas out of the device.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The ionizer includes one or more magnets thermally separated from the furnace chamber and thermally separated from a conduit providing atmospheric air to the furnace chamber; as well as Wherein the ionizer is configured to convert the atmospheric air by passing the atmospheric air through a magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein The one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets.

4. The device according to claim 2, wherein The one or more magnets include two magnets stacked to generate a magnetic flux of 500-600 Gauss.

5. The device according to claim 2, wherein The magnetic field causes oxygen molecules from the atmospheric air to separate into two oxygen atoms comprising the ionized gas before entering the furnace chamber.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein The ionizer includes a variable frequency drive controller configured to control the flow of the atmospheric air circumferentially around a base of the oven chamber.

7. A method for treating waste, comprising: converting atmospheric air into ionized gas; receiving the waste in a first amount via an operable waste access door removably covering the furnace chamber for thermal decay of the waste; receiving a portion of the waste in a second amount less than the first amount via a secondary waste access door having a smaller size than the operable waste access door and located near a base of the furnace chamber, such that a heat generation process can be initiated after loading the second amount of waste; thermally decaying the waste by combining the waste with products produced by the interaction of the ionized gas and heat generated by the furnace chamber, the products comprising a low temperature plasma that inhibits the formation of one or more of dioxins, furans, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides; passing excess gas of the product through a heat exchanger to cool the excess gas; Diverts cooled excess gas to a pollution control system and: removing one or more of heavy metals and acid gases from the cooled excess gas to produce a scrubbed excess gas; as well as detoxifying the scrubbed excess gas by converting carbon monoxide, water, and steam in the scrubbed excess gas into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and removing one or more of residual acid gases, residual heavy metals, and residual dioxins from the scrubbed excess gas; as well as The detoxified remaining scrubbed excess gas is transferred out of the system.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The conversion includes passing the atmospheric air through a magnetic field generated by one or more magnets that are thermally separated from the furnace chamber and from a conduit that provides the atmospheric air to the furnace chamber.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein The one or more magnets include two magnets stacked to generate a magnetic flux of 500-600 Gauss.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein The magnetic field causes oxygen molecules from the atmospheric air to separate into two oxygen atoms comprising the ionized gas before entering the furnace chamber.

12. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The method also includes controlling the flow of the atmospheric air circumferentially around a base of the furnace chamber.

13. The method of claim 7, wherein: Detoxifying the scrubbed excess gas includes passing the scrubbed excess gas through a pelletized catalyst in a fixed bed frame and tray capable of low temperature water gas shift, the pelletized catalyst comprising one or more of copper oxide, zinc oxide, or aluminum oxide.

14. An apparatus for treating waste, comprising: a furnace chamber, an ionizer, and at least one blower; The ionizer includes: an enclosure adjacent a base of the furnace chamber; and a housing fixed to the furnace chamber and comprising: a first inner sliding plate and a second inner sliding plate, each inner sliding plate having a respective predetermined hole pattern therein, the first inner sliding plate being configured to independently move relative to the second inner sliding plate via a sliding mechanism, and the second inner sliding plate including one or more magnet retaining seats positioned to span the predetermined hole pattern such that spacing between the one or more magnets respectively retained therein is maintained; the at least one blower connected to the ionizer via one or more ducts and configured to drive atmospheric air through the one or more ducts into the enclosure of the ionizer; The ion generator is constructed as follows: converting the atmospheric air into ionized gas by interaction with the magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets; and providing the ionized gas to the furnace chamber; and The furnace chamber comprises: an operable waste access door removably covering the furnace chamber and configured to receive the waste in a first amount for thermal decay of the waste; and a secondary waste access door smaller in size than the operable waste access door and located proximate a base of the furnace chamber, the secondary waste access door configured to receive a portion of the waste in a second amount so that a heat generation process can commence after loading the second amount of waste, the second amount being smaller than the first amount; and The furnace chamber is configured to thermally decay waste received in the furnace chamber by combining the waste with products produced by an interaction between the ionized gas and heat generated by the furnace chamber in a low temperature plasma reaction.

15. The device according to claim 14, wherein The one or more magnets are rectangular 3 / 8" wide magnets.

16. The device according to claim 14, wherein The one or more magnets are samarium cobalt magnets.

17. The device according to claim 14, wherein The one or more magnets are positioned on the outlet of the blower and outside of the opening into the furnace chamber.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein: the one or more magnets being thermally separated from the furnace chamber and from a conduit providing atmospheric air to the furnace chamber; as well as The ionizer is configured to convert atmospheric air by passing the atmospheric air through a magnetic field generated by the one or more magnets.

19. The device according to claim 14, wherein The magnetic field causes oxygen molecules from the atmospheric air to separate into two oxygen atoms comprising the ionized gas before entering the furnace chamber.

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