A carbon-sulfur battery and its preparation method

By adopting a carbon-sulfur battery structure and utilizing the electrochemical reaction between the sulfur-carbon compound cathode and the carbon group anode, the safety and stability issues of lithium-sulfur batteries have been solved, achieving high energy density and low cost performance for lithium-sulfur batteries.

CN116259828BActive Publication Date: 2026-05-26DALIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202111505122.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2021-12-10
Publication Date
2026-05-26
Estimated Expiration
2041-12-10

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Conventional lithium-sulfur batteries suffer from problems such as the chemical reactivity of metallic lithium, lithium dendrite formation, corrosion and pulverization of the negative electrode, and dissolution and loss of the sulfur positive electrode, resulting in poor safety and cycle stability.

Method used

The structure employs a carbon-sulfur battery, using sulfur-carbon compounds as the positive electrode material and carbonaceous materials as the negative electrode. Electrochemical oxidation-reduction is carried out through lithiation and intercalation or alloying reactions, avoiding the dissolution and deposition reactions of elemental sulfur, improving cycle stability, and reducing the cost of lithium negative electrodes.

Benefits of technology

A carbon-sulfur battery with high cycle stability and safety has been developed, which is suitable for a variety of electrolyte systems, improving the safety of lithium-sulfur batteries and reducing the cost of the anode.

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Abstract

This invention discloses a carbon-sulfur battery and its preparation method. A sulfur-carbon compound containing C-S and S-S (sulfur atom number ≤ 4) structural units is used as the positive electrode active material. In-situ pre-lithiation is performed inside the battery package to prepare the positive electrode, and a carbon-based material is used as the negative electrode active material to prepare the negative electrode. The resulting carbon-sulfur battery with the above positive and negative electrode system is further assembled. This battery utilizes the lithium fusion reaction of the sulfur-carbon compound positive electrode material and the intercalation or alloying lithium fusion reaction of the carbon-based negative electrode to achieve an electrochemical redox reaction between the positive and negative electrode systems, thereby converting chemical energy into electrical energy. The sulfur-carbon compound positive electrode material exhibits high structural stability during the lithium fusion reaction. Compared to the loss of positive electrode active material caused by soluble lithium polysulfides during the discharge of elemental sulfur positive electrodes, a positive electrode with high cycle stability can be obtained. Furthermore, by utilizing the reversible lithium intercalation / deintercalation or alloying reaction of carbon-based materials to replace the unstable and highly active metallic lithium negative electrode, high cycle stability of the negative electrode can be achieved.
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