A plate column reactor for solar driven gasification of carbon-based feedstock

Abstract

The application discloses a solar energy driving carbon-based raw material gasification column plate type reactor and relates to the technical field of solar energy thermochemical gasification, which comprises a reactor and a heat storage circulating device, a plurality of heat storage cavities and a plurality of gasification cavities are alternately arranged in the reactor, the heat storage cavities and the gasification cavities are connected through column plates, the heat storage circulating device is connected with a solar energy collecting device, the heat storage circulating device is penetrated through the outer wall of the reactor through flow guide pipes at two ends and is connected with two ends of the heat storage cavities, one end of the gasification cavity is provided with a synthetic gas outlet, and the other end is provided with a gasification agent inlet. The solar energy collecting device and the heat storage circulating device are used to realize uniform temperature distribution in the reactor; the column plates are arranged to effectively reduce the radial temperature gradient of the reactor and increase the reaction rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar thermo-chemical gasification, in particular to a column plate type reactor for solar driven carbon-based feedstock gasification. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to statistics, fossil fuels account for 78.4% of the total global energy demand, mainly used in transportation, power generation, industrial processing and heating fields. However, fossil fuels produce a large amount of greenhouse gases during combustion, exacerbating global warming. Gasification technology is an effective means of clean and efficient use of carbon-based feedstock. Traditional gasification methods mainly rely on partial feedstock combustion with oxygen to provide heat for the gasifier, promoting subsequent gasification reactions. However, this gasification method reduces feedstock utilization efficiency, and direct combustion of feedstock produces carbon dioxide, shortening the carbon life cycle.

[0003] Solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification opens up a new research direction to solve the above problems. Compared with traditional gasification processes, solar gasification systems use concentrated solar radiation to provide heat, allowing carbon-based feedstock to be converted into useful products and maximizing the production of effective syngas, while reducing the pollution of combustion by-products on syngas. The system converts unstable solar energy into easily stored and converted chemical energy, achieving efficient and diversified application of solar energy and carbon-based feedstock.

[0004] Existing solar gasification reactors can be divided into two types. One is a direct radiation reactor, in which solid carbon-based reactants are directly exposed to concentrated solar radiation. The other is an indirect radiation reactor, in which concentrated solar energy is absorbed by an absorption plate and further radiated to the reaction pile. Due to the instantaneous fluctuation of solar energy and the limitation of heat and mass transfer rate, the above two types of solar gasification reactors have not been able to achieve efficient and stable commercial application.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a column plate type reactor for solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a column plate type solar gasification device based on a circulating heat storage medium. The device first converts solar energy into stable sensible heat of the heat storage medium through a tower type solar collector, avoiding problems such as low heat transfer efficiency and uneven temperature distribution caused by local high temperature and fluctuation of the heat source. In addition, the device is provided with column plates, which can effectively reduce the radial temperature gradient of the stacked material area and increase the reaction rate, thereby solving the problems raised in the above background.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solar energy driven carbon-based raw material gasification column plate reactor, comprising a reactor and a heat storage circulating device, a plurality of heat storage cavities and a plurality of gasification cavities are arranged alternately inside the reactor, the heat storage cavities and the gasification cavities are connected through column plates, the heat storage circulating device is located outside the reactor and connected with a solar energy collecting device, the heat storage circulating device is internally provided with a heat storage medium, the heat storage circulating device is penetrated through the outer wall of the reactor through flow guide pipes at both ends and connected with both ends of the heat storage cavities, one end of the gasification cavities is provided with a synthesis gas outlet, and the other end is provided with a gasification agent inlet.

[0009] The gasification cavities are internally provided with a high-temperature gas zone and a stacked material zone in sequence, one end of the high-temperature gas zone is provided with a synthesis gas outlet, and the other end is communicated with the stacked material zone, the stacked material zone is provided with a gasification agent inlet away from one end of the high-temperature gas zone, and the stacked material zone is placed with carbon-based raw materials.

[0010] Further, the solar energy collecting device is a tower type solar energy collecting device, which is used for heating the heat storage medium to ensure that the temperature of the gasification cavity is maintained in the range of 750-950 DEG C.

[0011] Further, the heat storage medium is an alkali metal molten salt.

[0012] Further, the column plate is internally filled with alumina powder and zinc oxide powder.

[0013] Further, the gasification agent inlet is respectively connected with a main gasification agent channel and an auxiliary gasification agent channel, the main gasification agent channel is used for water vapor to enter, and the auxiliary gasification agent channel is used for carbon dioxide to enter, and water vapor and carbon dioxide enter at the same time.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0015] This invention provides heat to the reactor through a solar energy collection device and achieves uniform temperature distribution within the reactor through a thermal storage and circulation device, reducing pollution of syngas by combustion byproducts and improving the utilization rate of elements and energy in the gasification system. By setting up a series of plates, the heat transfer efficiency between the thermal storage chamber and the gasification chamber is increased, the radial temperature gradient in the stockpiling area is reduced, and the gasification efficiency is enhanced, ensuring that the gasification rate of carbon-based raw materials at the same radial position is the same, thereby achieving a stable operation process with continuous feeding and continuous ash removal. The gasification chamber has a high-temperature gas zone and a stockpiling zone. After heat transfer, the carbon-based raw materials in the stockpiling zone undergo a pyrolysis reaction, and the resulting volatiles are fully decomposed in the high-temperature gas zone, overcoming the limitation of high tar content in fixed-bed gasification syngas. The interior of the plates is filled with alumina powder and zinc oxide powder. The addition of zinc oxide powder establishes a good heat conduction channel to achieve efficient heat transfer from the thermal storage chamber to the gasification chamber. A main gasifying agent channel and an auxiliary gasifying agent channel are set up to allow water vapor and carbon dioxide to enter simultaneously, achieving carbon-based raw material gasification to form hydrogen-rich syngas under anaerobic conditions, while simultaneously eliminating carbon dioxide. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plate reactor for solar-driven gasification of carbon-based feedstock according to the present invention.

[0018] In the figure:

[0019] 1-Reactor, 2-Gasification chamber, 21-High temperature gas zone, 211-Synthesis gas outlet, 22-Accumulation zone, 221-Gasifying agent inlet, 222-Main gasifying agent channel, 223-Auxiliary gasifying agent channel, 3-Plate, 4-Heat storage chamber, 41-Cavity inlet, 42-Cavity outlet, 5-Heat storage circulation device, 51-Device outlet, 52-Device inlet, 6-Heat storage medium, 7-Guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0022] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0023] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] See appendix Figure 1This invention discloses a solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification plate reactor, comprising a reactor 1 and a heat storage and circulation device 5. The reactor 1 contains alternating arrangement of several heat storage chambers 4 and several gasification chambers 2. In this embodiment, two heat storage chambers 4 and two gasification chambers 2 are provided. The heat storage chambers 4 and gasification chambers 2 are connected by plates 3, which increase the heat transfer efficiency between the heat storage chambers 4 and gasification chambers 2. The heat storage and circulation device 5 is located outside the reactor 1 and connected to a solar energy collection device. The heat storage and circulation device 5 contains a heat storage medium 6. Both ends of the heat storage and circulation device 5 are connected to the two ends of the heat storage chambers 4 via guide pipes 7 that penetrate the outer wall of the reactor 1. The thermal circulation device 5 has an inlet 52 on the upper side and an outlet 51 on the lower side. The thermal storage cavity has an outlet 42 on the upper side and an inlet 41 on the lower side. The outlet 51 is connected to the inlet 41 through a guide pipe 7, and the outlet 42 is connected to the inlet through a guide pipe 7. After receiving heat from the solar collector, the thermal storage medium 6 flows into the thermal storage cavity 4 through the thermal circulation device 5. After transferring heat to the gasification cavity 2 and cooling it down, it is pumped back into the thermal circulation device 5, realizing the recycling of the thermal storage medium 6 and ensuring uniform temperature distribution in the gasification cavity 2. No combustion is required during the process, which can reduce the pollution of syngas by combustion byproducts and improve the element and energy utilization rate in the gasification system.

[0026] The gasification chamber 2 contains a high-temperature gas zone 21 and a stockpiling zone 22. One end of the high-temperature gas zone 21 has a syngas outlet 211, and the other end connects to the stockpiling zone 22. The stockpiling zone 22, away from the high-temperature gas zone 21, has a gasifying agent inlet 221. Carbon-based raw materials are placed in the stockpiling zone 22. The gasification chamber 2 is radially narrow, accelerating radial heat transfer to the carbon-based raw materials. This reduces the radial temperature gradient in the stockpiling zone 22, enhancing gasification efficiency and ensuring a uniform gasification rate for carbon-based raw materials at the same radial position. This enables a stable operation process with continuous feeding and ash removal. After heat transfer through the gasification chamber 2, the carbon-based raw materials first undergo pyrolysis. The resulting volatiles are fully decomposed in the high-temperature gas zone 21, overcoming the limitation of high tar content in fixed-bed gasification syngas.

[0027] The solar energy collection device is a tower-type solar energy collection device. After the light is concentrated, it is scattered by a CPC lens and used to heat the heat storage medium 6 inside the heat storage circulation device 5, so as to ensure that the temperature of the vaporization chamber 2 is maintained in the range of 750 to 950°C.

[0028] The heat storage medium 6 is an alkali metal molten salt, selected from any one of binary alkali metal molten salt, ternary alkali metal molten salt, and alkaline earth metal molten salt.

[0029] The interior of plate 3 is filled with alumina powder and zinc oxide powder. By adding zinc oxide powder, a good heat conduction channel is established to achieve efficient heat transfer from the heat storage cavity to the gasification cavity.

[0030] The gasifying agent inlet 221 is connected to a main gasifying agent channel 222 and an auxiliary gasifying agent channel 223. The main gasifying agent channel 222 is for steam inlet, and the auxiliary gasifying agent channel 223 is for carbon dioxide inlet. Both steam and carbon dioxide enter simultaneously. Steam is used as the main gasifying agent to increase the hydrogen content of the syngas and improve the calorific value of the product gas. Carbon dioxide is used as the auxiliary gasifying agent to further absorb carbon dioxide using the high reactivity of semi-coke, thus achieving negative carbon utilization. The combined entry of these two gasifying agents enables the gasification of carbon-based feedstocks into hydrogen-rich syngas under anaerobic conditions, while simultaneously absorbing carbon dioxide.

[0031] To further illustrate the optimizing effect of the solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification plate reactor on the composition of syngas, Table 1 lists the composition of the syngas produced after passing through different gasifying agents at 900℃ and a pine sawdust mass flow rate of 0.5 kg / h, as shown below:

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] Note: S / B (mass flow rate ratio of water vapor to pine sawdust) = 1.2, ER (mass flow rate ratio of oxygen to pine sawdust) = 0.2, CO2 / B (mass flow rate ratio of carbon dioxide to pine sawdust) = 1.2.

[0035] Table 1

[0036] As shown in Table 1, under anaerobic conditions, the hydrogen content in the syngas produced by the gasification of pine sawdust increases significantly while the carbon dioxide content decreases markedly. At the same time, carbon dioxide can be used as an auxiliary gasification agent to reduce net carbon dioxide emissions.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1.A solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification reactor, characterized in that, it comprises a reactor (1) and a heat storage circulating device (5), the reactor (1) is internally provided with a plurality of heat storage cavities (4) and a plurality of gasification cavities (2) alternately, the heat storage cavities (4) and the gasification cavities (2) are connected through a baffle (3), the heat storage circulating device (5) is located outside the reactor (1) and connected with a solar energy collecting device, the heat storage circulating device (5) is internally provided with a heat storage medium (6), the heat storage circulating device (5) is penetrated through the outer wall of the reactor (1) by a flow guide pipe (7) at both ends and connected with both ends of the heat storage cavity (4), one end of the gasification cavity (2) is provided with a syngas outlet (211), and the other end is provided with a gasification agent inlet (221); the gasification cavity (2) is internally provided with a high-temperature gas zone (21) and a piled material zone (22) in sequence, one end of the high-temperature gas zone (21) is provided with a syngas outlet (211), and the other end is communicated with the piled material zone (22), the piled material zone (22) is provided with a gasification agent inlet (221) away from one end of the high-temperature gas zone (21), and the piled material zone (22) is placed with carbon-based feedstock; the gasification agent inlet (221) is respectively connected with a main gasification agent channel (222) and an auxiliary gasification agent channel (223), the main gasification agent channel (222) is used for water vapor to enter, and the auxiliary gasification agent channel (223) is used for carbon dioxide to enter, and water vapor and carbon dioxide enter at the same time; carbon-based feedstock first undergoes pyrolysis reaction after heat transfer through the gasification cavity (2), and the produced volatile matter is fully cracked in the high-temperature gas zone (21). 2.A solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the solar energy collecting device is a tower type solar energy collecting device, which is used for heating the heat storage medium (6) to ensure that the temperature of the gasification cavity (2) is maintained within the range of 750-950℃. 3.A solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, the heat storage medium (6) is an alkali metal molten salt. 4.A solar-driven carbon-based feedstock gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, the baffle (3) is internally filled with alumina powder and zinc oxide powder.

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