A high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing tail gas waste heat

Abstract

A high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from exhaust gas in the technical field of ammonia hydrogen production includes a hydrogen engine, an exhaust gas heating device, an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device, a gas separation device, an exhaust gas treatment device, and an ammonia storage and supply device. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device includes a shell cover, an ammonia feed port, a heat medium inlet and outlet, a cylinder, a decomposition gas outlet pipe, a tube sheet, a reaction microtube, a catalyst, a decomposition gas return pipe, a guide plate, and a heat medium cavity shell. The exhaust gas from the hydrogen engine is heated to a relatively high temperature by a heating device and enters the ammonia decomposition device to provide energy for the decomposition reaction; ammonia is cracked into nitrogen and hydrogen in the ammonia decomposition device; the mixed gas is separated into hydrogen, nitrogen, and unreacted ammonia by a separation device, wherein hydrogen enters the hydrogen engine for combustion and ammonia returns to the ammonia storage and supply device; nitrogen and the exhaust gas after heat exchange enter the exhaust gas treatment device together. The present invention fully utilizes the waste heat from the engine exhaust gas and has the advantages of high energy utilization and simple implementation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a reactor in the technical field of ammonia-to-hydrogen production, in particular to a high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system that can fully utilize the waste heat of engine exhaust gas to provide energy for ammonia decomposition reaction. Background Art

[0002] With the transition to a low-carbon economy and the need to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, global demand for hydrogen production is expected to increase. Given the global need to reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions, hydrogen is expected to play a key role in future energy systems and the world economy. Hydrogen is an alternative fuel to traditional fossil fuels such as natural gas. Depending on the production pathway, it has relatively high power density and low carbon emissions when consumed throughout its lifecycle.

[0003] Ammonia (NH3) is considered one of the most promising and efficient hydrogen storage and transportation carriers. Ammonia decomposition hydrogen production technology can address the storage and transportation challenges of hydrogen. However, ammonia decomposition is an endothermic reaction, and traditional ammonia cracking hydrogen production technologies typically rely on combustion or electrical heating. While this technology can meet the high-dynamic hydrogen production requirements of vehicles, it suffers from high energy consumption and significant energy losses.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system with a simple structure and high energy utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system that utilizes waste heat from tail gas, which can solve the problems of high energy consumption and large energy loss of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, which include a hydrogen engine, an exhaust gas heating device, an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device, a gas separation device, an exhaust gas treatment device, and an ammonia storage and supply device; the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device includes a left shell cover, an ammonia feed port, a heat medium outlet, a cylinder, a heat medium inlet, a right shell cover, a decomposition gas outlet pipe, a left tube sheet, a baffle, a reaction microtube, a right tube sheet, a catalyst, a fin, a decomposition gas reflux pipe, a guide plate, and a heat medium cavity shell; the left shell cover and the right shell cover are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the cylinder, the left tube sheet is arranged at the left end of the cylinder and located at the right end of the left shell cover, and the right tube sheet is arranged at the right end of the cylinder and located at the left end of the right shell cover. The heat medium cavity shell is arranged at the right end of the cylinder and located at the left end of the right tube plate; the left and right ends of the reaction microtube are respectively fixed on the left tube plate and the right tube plate, the air inlet of the reaction microtube is arranged on the left tube plate, and the air outlet of the reaction microtube is arranged on the right tube plate; one end of the decomposition gas return pipe is fixed on the right tube plate, and the other end of the decomposition gas return pipe passes through the left tube plate and the left shell cover in sequence and is connected to the decomposition gas outlet pipe, and the air inlet of the decomposition gas return pipe is arranged on the right tube plate; an ammonia inlet cavity is formed between the left shell cover and the left tube plate, a decomposition gas reflux cavity is formed between the right shell cover and the right tube plate, and a heat medium cavity is formed between the cylinder, the left tube plate, the right tube plate and the outer wall of the reaction microtube. A heat medium inlet cavity is formed between the shell and the cylinder; the ammonia feed port is connected to the ammonia inlet cavity, the decomposition gas outlet pipe is connected to the decomposition gas reflux cavity through the decomposition gas reflux pipe passing through the left tube plate, the heat medium inlet and the heat medium outlet are connected to the heat medium inlet cavity and the heat medium cavity respectively, and the heat medium inlet cavity and the heat medium cavity are connected through the cavity between the guide plates; the baffles are evenly distributed in the left half of the heat medium cavity and are rigidly connected to the cylinder; the catalyst is arranged in the reaction microtube, and the fins are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the reaction microtube; the air inlet of the exhaust heating device is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen engine through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the exhaust heating device is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen engine through a pipe. The decomposition gas outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the gas separation device through a pipeline, and the heat medium outlet is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device through a pipeline; the gas separation device has an air inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an ammonia outlet, and a nitrogen outlet; the decomposition gas outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of the gas separation device through a pipeline, the nitrogen outlet of the gas separation device is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust gas treatment device through a pipeline, the hydrogen outlet of the gas separation device is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen engine through a pipeline, the ammonia outlet of the gas separation device is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia storage and supply device through a pipeline, and the outlet of the ammonia storage and supply device is connected to the ammonia feed port through a pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, in the present invention, the exhaust gas heating device is a flange electric heater with an overall length of 1200 mm, a diameter of 300 mm, and a power of 12 kW; temperature measuring thermocouples are provided at the exhaust gas inlet and outlet of the exhaust gas heating device.

[0008] Furthermore, in the present invention, there are a total of thirty-two reaction microtubes, which are evenly distributed in the heat medium cavity; there are a total of twelve fins on each reaction microtube, which are evenly distributed longitudinally on the outer wall of the reaction microtube.

[0009] Furthermore, in the present invention, the reaction microtube is a 304 stainless steel tube with a length of 1200 mm, an inner diameter of 18 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm; the fin is a longitudinal fin with a length of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, in the present invention, the catalyst is uniformly coated on a metal carrier having a cylindrical outer portion and a honeycomb-shaped inner portion.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, the heat medium outlet and the baffle adjacent thereto are located on the same side of the cylinder, and the heat medium inlet is located at the end away from the ammonia feed inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, in the present invention, the number of baffles is three; the number of guide vanes is eight, which are installed on the outer wall of the cylinder at a certain angle.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the outside of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device is provided with insulation material, which covers all parts except the gas inlet and outlet; the connections between the left tube sheet and the left shell cover, the right tube sheet and the right shell cover, and the left tube sheet, the right tube sheet and the decomposition gas return pipe are all provided with sealing materials or measures to ensure airtightness.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, the gas separation device is a gas membrane separation device for ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen.

[0015] In the present invention, the ammonia circulation path includes: an ammonia storage and supply device, an ammonia feed port, an ammonia inlet chamber, a reaction microtube, a decomposition gas reflux chamber, a decomposition gas reflux pipe, a decomposition gas outlet, a gas separation device, and an ammonia storage and supply device. The exhaust gas waste heat utilization path includes: a hydrogen engine, an exhaust gas heating device, a heat medium inlet, a heat medium inlet chamber, a heat medium chamber, a heat medium outlet, and an exhaust gas treatment device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] First, the system's simple structure, small weight and size allow it to be installed on a vehicle without significantly impacting vehicle operation. This system enables on-site hydrogen production, hydrogen usage, and waste heat recovery directly on the vehicle, resolving the challenges of hydrogen storage and transportation while also enabling the recycling of energy and raw materials, further aligning with environmentally friendly principles.

[0018] Second, recycle and utilize the waste heat from the engine exhaust. Depending on the different operating conditions of the vehicle, the exhaust temperature of the hydrogen engine can reach 200-500°C. By heating this exhaust to above 450°C and directly providing heat to the reaction system, it not only ensures the stability of the heat source, but also makes full use of the heat in the engine exhaust, thereby improving the overall energy utilization rate of the system.

[0019] Third, a gas separation device is used to recover incompletely reacted ammonia, which improves the utilization rate of ammonia and makes tail gas treatment simpler.

[0020] Fourth, the heat medium inlet is set at the end away from the ammonia feed inlet, so that the ammonia and high-temperature exhaust gas in the heat exchange part of the cylinder flow in opposite directions; the heat medium is divided into four streams and enters the heat medium cavity at a certain angle to increase the airflow disturbance; a baffle is set on the left half of the heat medium cavity to change the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the cavity, increase the flow rate and heat exchange time of the exhaust gas, and aggravate the airflow disturbance; longitudinal fins are arranged on the outside of the reaction microtube to increase the heat exchange area. The above designs enhance the heat exchange effect between the exhaust gas and ammonia and improve energy utilization.

[0021] Fifth, the use of reaction microchannels combines the heat exchange and reaction steps into one, improving system integration. The ammonia feed and decomposition gas outlet are located on the same side, and the reflux line can be filled with catalyst, increasing the flow time of ammonia in the reaction system and improving the ammonia decomposition rate.

[0022] Sixth, the shell cover and the tube sheet are connected by bolts, which makes it easy to disassemble and replace the catalyst. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system utilizing exhaust gas waste heat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the micro-tube distribution and guide vane arrangement in the heat exchange part of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, 1. hydrogen engine, 2. exhaust gas heating device, 3. ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device, 4. gas separation device, 5. exhaust gas treatment device, 6. ammonia storage and supply device, 7. left shell cover, 8. ammonia feed port, 9. heat medium outlet, 10. cylinder, 11. heat medium inlet, 12. right shell cover, 13. decomposition gas outlet, 14. left tube sheet, 15. baffle, 16. reaction microtube, 17. right tube sheet, 18. catalyst, 19. fin, 20. decomposition gas reflux pipe, 21. guide vane, 22. heat medium cavity shell, 23. ammonia inlet cavity, 24. heat medium cavity, 25. decomposition gas reflux cavity, 26. heat medium inlet cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the contents of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention are further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these contents. The operating methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally carried out under conventional conditions or in accordance with the product instructions. The chemical reagents where the manufacturer is not specified are all in compliance with national standards and can be purchased from conventional medicines on the market.

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention includes a hydrogen engine 1, an exhaust gas heating device 2, an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device 3, a gas separation device 4, an exhaust gas treatment device 5, and an ammonia storage and supply device 6. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device 3 is a shell and tube heat exchange reactor with microchannels and baffles. The reactor is composed of a left shell cover 7, an ammonia feed port 8, a heat medium outlet 9, a cylinder 10, a heat medium inlet 11, a right shell cover 12, a decomposition gas outlet 13, a left tube sheet 14, a baffle 15, a reaction microtube 16, a right tube sheet 17, a catalyst 18, a fin 19, a decomposition gas return pipe 20, a guide vane 21, and a heat medium cavity shell 22; the left shell cover 7 and The left tube sheet 14 forms an ammonia inlet cavity 23, and the right shell cover 12 and the right tube sheet 17 form a decomposition gas reflux cavity 25. The ammonia inlet cavity 23 and the decomposition gas reflux cavity 25 are connected through the reaction microtubes 16. The cylinder 10, the left tube sheet 14, the right tube sheet 17 and the outer wall of the reaction microtubes 16 form a heat medium cavity 24. A heat medium inlet cavity 26 is formed between the heat medium cavity shell 22 and the cylinder 10. There are 32 reaction microtubes 16 in total, which are evenly distributed in the heat medium cavity 24. The reaction microtubes 16 are 304 stainless steel tubes with a length of 1200 mm, an inner diameter of 18 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm. They contain a catalyst 18 for catalyzing the ammonia decomposition reaction, uniformly coated on a metal carrier with a cylindrical exterior and a honeycomb-like interior. Twelve longitudinally arranged fins 19, 10 mm long and 1 mm thick, are evenly distributed along the outer wall of each reaction microtube 16 to enhance heat exchange. Baffles 15 are evenly distributed across the left half of the heat medium chamber 24 and are rigidly connected to the cylinder 10. The ammonia feed port 8 communicates with the ammonia inlet chamber 23, while the decomposition gas outlet 13 communicates with the decomposition gas reflux chamber 25 via a decomposition gas reflux pipe 20 that passes through the left tubesheet 14. The heat medium inlet 11 and heat medium outlet 9 communicate with the heat medium inlet chamber 26 and heat medium chamber 24, respectively. The heat medium inlet chamber 26 and heat medium chamber 24 are connected via a guide vane 21.

[0030] The heat medium passes through the guide plate 21 and is divided into four streams, which enter the heat medium chamber 24 at a certain angle for heat exchange, thereby increasing the disturbance of the airflow. A baffle 15 is provided in the left half of the heat medium chamber 24 to change the flow direction of the exhaust gas within the chamber, increase the exhaust gas flow and heat exchange time, and intensify the disturbance of the airflow. The heat medium outlet 9 and the adjacent baffle 15 are distributed on the same side of the cylinder 10, so that the airflow can flow in the heat medium chamber 24 according to the preset trajectory. These measures all enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0031] The heat medium inlet 11 is arranged at the end away from the ammonia feed port 8, so that the ammonia and exhaust gas in the cylinder 10 flow in opposite directions, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect between the exhaust gas and the ammonia. In addition, the outside of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device 3 is wrapped with insulation material, and the insulation material covers all parts except the inlet and outlet, thereby reducing heat loss.

[0032] The exhaust gas heating device 2 is a flange electric heater with an overall length of 1200mm, a diameter of 300mm, and a power of 12KW. It is used to heat the exhaust gas generated by the hydrogen engine 1 to above 450°C, provide heat for the reaction system, and ensure the continuous stability of the heat source. Temperature measuring thermocouples are provided at the exhaust gas inlet and outlet, so that the exhaust gas heating device 2 can automatically adjust the power according to the exhaust gas temperature generated by the hydrogen engine 1, heat the exhaust gas to the required temperature, and reduce energy loss.

[0033] The connections between the left tube sheet 14 and the left shell cover 7, the right tube sheet 17 and the right shell cover 12, and the left tube sheet 14, the right tube sheet 17 and the decomposition gas reflux pipe 20 are all provided with sealing materials or measures to ensure airtightness are adopted to ensure that the hydrogen generated by the decomposition of ammonia during the reaction process does not come into contact with the oxygen in the exhaust gas, thereby preventing danger.

[0034] The catalyst 18 loaded in the reaction microtube 16 is a ruthenium (Ru) catalyst, and the carrier is a rare earth metal oxide Pr6O 11 The co-catalyst is one of alkali metals (Na, K, Cs), and the catalyst 18 is coated on the carrier. It can catalyze the ammonia decomposition reaction at 400° C. and achieve a decomposition rate of about 80%.

[0035] Ammonia enters the ammonia feed port 8 through the ammonia storage and supply device 6, first fills the ammonia inlet chamber 23, and then enters the reaction microtube 16. Under the catalytic action of the catalyst 18 in the reaction microtube 16 and the heating of the exhaust gas, ammonia is decomposed into a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen, and enters the decomposition gas reflux chamber 25 together with the unreacted ammonia, flows out from the decomposition gas outlet 13 through the decomposition gas reflux pipe 20, and enters the gas separation device 4; the gas separation device 4 is a gas membrane separation device for ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen. The gas separation device 4 is used to recover the unreacted ammonia and return it to the ammonia storage and supply device 6, thereby improving the utilization rate of ammonia and making the exhaust gas treatment simpler; the hydrogen obtained by decomposing ammonia is separated and purified, and introduced into the hydrogen engine 1, which is beneficial to its use in subsequent links; the separated nitrogen gas and the exhaust gas after heat exchange are introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device 5 together for treatment and then directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0036] Exhaust gas is generated by the hydrogen engine 1, then enters the exhaust gas heating device 2 and is heated to a suitable temperature. It enters the heat medium inlet chamber 26 through the heat medium inlet 11, and then enters the heat medium cavity 24 through the guide plate 21 in four streams. It exchanges heat with the ammonia gas and catalyst 18 in the reaction microtube 16 to provide energy for the ammonia decomposition reaction. After heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged to the exhaust gas treatment device 5 through the heat medium outlet 9 and discharged into the atmosphere after treatment.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is only illustrative and not restrictive of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician familiar with the present invention within the scope of the patent application of the present invention also fall within the scope covered by the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas, comprising a hydrogen engine (1), characterized in that It also includes an exhaust gas heating device (2), an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device (3), a gas separation device (4), an exhaust gas treatment device (5) and an ammonia storage and supply device (6); The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device (3) comprises a left shell cover (7), an ammonia feed port (8), a heat medium outlet (9), a cylinder (10), a heat medium inlet (11), a right shell cover (12), a decomposition gas outlet pipe (13), a left tube sheet (14), a baffle (15), a reaction microtube (16), a right tube sheet (17), a catalyst (18), a fin (19), a decomposition gas return pipe (20), a guide plate (21) and a heat medium cavity shell (22); The left shell cover (7) and the right shell cover (12) are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the cylinder (10); the left tube sheet (14) is arranged at the left end of the cylinder (10) and located at the right end of the left shell cover (7); the right tube sheet (17) is arranged at the right end of the cylinder (10) and located at the left end of the right shell cover (12); the heat medium cavity shell (22) is arranged at the right end of the cylinder (10) and located at the left end of the right tube sheet (17); the left and right ends of the reaction microtube (16) are respectively fixed to the left tube sheet (14) and the right tube sheet (17); the air inlet of the reaction microtube (16) is arranged on the left tube sheet (14), and the air outlet of the reaction microtube (16) is arranged on the right tube sheet (17); One end of the decomposition gas return pipe (20) is fixed to the right tube plate (17), and the other end of the decomposition gas return pipe (20) passes through the left tube plate (14) and the left shell cover (7) in sequence and is connected to the decomposition gas outlet pipe (13). The air inlet of the decomposition gas return pipe (20) is arranged on the right tube plate (17); an ammonia inlet cavity (23) is formed between the left shell cover (7) and the left tube plate (14), a decomposition gas return cavity (25) is formed between the right shell cover (12) and the right tube plate (17), a heat medium cavity (24) is formed between the cylinder (10), the left tube plate (14), the right tube plate (17) and the outer wall of the reaction microtube (16), and a heat medium inlet cavity (25) is formed between the heat medium cavity shell (22) and the cylinder (10). 6); the ammonia feed port (8) is connected to the ammonia inlet cavity (23); the decomposition gas outlet pipe (13) is connected to the decomposition gas reflux cavity (25) through the decomposition gas reflux pipe (20) passing through the left tube plate (14); the heat medium inlet (11) and the heat medium outlet (9) are respectively connected to the heat medium inlet cavity (26) and the heat medium cavity (24); the heat medium inlet cavity (26) and the heat medium cavity (24) are connected through the cavity between the guide plates (21); the baffles (15) are evenly distributed in the left half of the heat medium cavity (24) and are rigidly connected to the cylinder (10); the catalyst (18) is arranged in the reaction microtube (16), and the fins (19) are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the reaction microtube (16); The air inlet of the exhaust heating device (2) is connected to the exhaust pipe of the hydrogen engine (1) through a pipeline, the air outlet of the exhaust heating device (2) is connected to the heat medium inlet (11) through a pipeline, and the heat medium outlet (9) is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust treatment device (5) through a pipeline; the gas separation device (4) has an air inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an ammonia outlet, and a nitrogen outlet; the decomposition gas outlet pipe (13) is connected to the gas outlet through a pipeline. The gas inlet of the gas separation device (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the tail gas treatment device (5) through a pipeline, the nitrogen outlet of the gas separation device (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the tail gas treatment device (5) through a pipeline, the hydrogen outlet of the gas separation device (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the hydrogen engine (1) through a pipeline, the ammonia outlet of the gas separation device (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia storage and supply device (6) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the ammonia storage and supply device (6) is connected to the ammonia feed port (8) through a pipeline; There are eight guide vanes (21) installed on the outer wall of the cylinder (10) at a certain angle; The heat medium is divided into four streams and enters the heat medium cavity (24) at a certain angle.

2. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system using waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The exhaust gas heating device (2) is a flange electric heater with an overall length of 1200 mm, a diameter of 300 mm, and a power of 12 kW. Temperature measuring thermocouples are provided at the exhaust gas inlet and outlet of the exhaust gas heating device (2).

3. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system using waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that There are a total of thirty-two reaction microtubes (16), which are evenly distributed in the heat medium cavity (24); there are a total of twelve fins (19) on each reaction microtube (16), which are evenly distributed longitudinally on the outer wall of the reaction microtube (16).

4. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The reaction microtube (16) is a 304 stainless steel tube with a length of 1200 mm, an inner diameter of 18 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm; the fin (19) is a longitudinal fin with a length of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

5. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The catalyst (18) filled in the reaction microtube (16) is a ruthenium-based catalyst; the catalyst (18) is evenly coated on a metal carrier with a cylindrical outer surface and a honeycomb-shaped thin sheet inner surface.

6. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The heat medium outlet (9) and the baffle (15) adjacent thereto are located on the same side of the cylinder (10), and the heat medium inlet (11) is located at an end away from the ammonia feed port (8).

7. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The number of the baffles (15) is three.

8. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device (3) is provided with a heat-insulating material on the outside, which covers all parts except the gas inlet and outlet. The connections between the left tube sheet (14) and the left shell cover (7), the right tube sheet (17) and the right shell cover (12), and the left tube sheet (14), the right tube sheet (17) and the decomposition gas return pipe (20) are all provided with measures to ensure airtightness.

9. The high-efficiency ammonia reforming hydrogen production system utilizing waste heat from tail gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The gas separation device (4) is a gas membrane separation device for ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen.

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