An efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and specifically to an efficient construction method for a cable curtain wall of a steel frame structure, which is carried out in sequence according to the following steps: measuring and setting out, checking ear plates, installing cables, tensioning cables, re-measuring and re-tensioning cables, installing curtain wall glass fixtures and U-shaped grooves, installing curtain wall glass, gluing, and cleaning. The construction method of the present application is suitable for constructing a cable curtain wall on the basis of an existing steel frame, and is particularly suitable for constructing a stable cable curtain wall system in areas or regions that are susceptible to wind loads, such as the north and south facades of the main building or typhoon-prone areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, and in particular to a high-efficiency construction method for a cable curtain wall of a steel frame structure. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for the construction of large venues, buildings have put forward higher requirements for the novelty and transparency of the curtain wall appearance. The cable curtain wall system, as a building facade system that uses tension to transfer loads, is composed of high-strength steel cables, connectors and curtain wall panels. By hanging or supporting the curtain wall panels on the cables, it not only reduces the burden on the frame structure, but also provides a unique aesthetic effect. In a curtain wall project undertaken by the applicant, after the construction of the aluminum alloy glass curtain wall system is completed, it is necessary to shape the cable curtain wall system on the basis of its steel frame. The cable curtain wall system is located at the entrance of the central hall of the north and south facades. The combination of the two systems requires coordination of the cross-operation and installation sequence of the two systems during the construction process, which is different from the current traditional cable curtain wall construction method; at the same time, the cable curtain wall is located on the north and south facades and is easily affected by wind loads. The deflection of the cables of this project is controlled at 1 / 80. Under the maximum wind load, please refer to this application Fig. 9 , the maximum deflection of the cable reaches 405mm; the cable deformation is parabolic and produces the ability to resist wind loads. The curtain wall also becomes a hyperbolic shape, and the four corners of the glass panels of the curtain wall are deformed in a non-coplanar manner, and an angle is generated between adjacent glasses. Especially for the glass at the corner, one side is connected to the steel frame with a U-shaped groove, and the other side is connected to the cable. When the extreme wind load acts, the side fixed on the steel frame has almost no displacement in the vertical glass direction, while the side on the cable has a displacement of 405mm in the vertical glass direction, and the glass will rotate to a certain angle. At the same time, due to the rotation of the glass, the glass has a certain displacement in the horizontal direction, and the glass is partially squeezed with the U-shaped groove, causing the glass to break or detach from the U-shaped groove, affecting the safety of the glass. In view of the fact that there are few reports on similar projects at present, and the traditional construction method cannot be well applied to the situation when constructing a cable curtain wall in a steel frame, especially under the action of extreme wind load, the cable deflection is large, resulting in excessive rotation of the glass, it is necessary to provide a new efficient construction method for cable curtain walls with steel frame structures. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an efficient construction method for a cable curtain wall of a steel frame structure.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An efficient construction method for a cable curtain wall of a steel frame structure, comprising:

[0006] S10. Measurement and setting out:

[0007] Select the fixed point position as the reference datum for cable geometry measurement;

[0008] S20. Ear plate review:

[0009] S21. Use a total station to measure the actual position of the steel frame structure, determine the relationship between the entire curtain wall plane and the steel frame structure based on the actual position, and determine the plane position of the center point of the cable ear plate on the steel frame based on the cable clamp height;

[0010] S22. According to the determined plane position of the center point of the cable lug plate, mark the upper, lower, left and right sides of the steel frame, measure the distance from the marked point to the cable lug plate, check the distance with the design drawing, and cut off the cable lug plate with dimensional deviation outside the control range and re-weld it;

[0011] S30. Cable installation;

[0012] S40. Cable tensioning;

[0013] S50. Cable tension re-measurement and re-tensioning;

[0014] S60. Curtain wall glass fixture and U-shaped groove installation:

[0015] a) Installation of curtain wall glass fixtures;

[0016] b) U-slot installation:

[0017] Measure and lay out the lines according to the design drawings, and mark the installation position of the U-shaped slot on the steel frame; fix the support at the marked point; after the support is fixed, hinge the U-shaped slot on the support through a pin shaft; wherein a first long hole is provided on the support, and a second long hole is provided on the U-shaped slot; the first long hole and the second long hole are arranged orthogonally, the length direction of the first long hole or the second long hole is perpendicular to the plane direction of the curtain wall, and the first long hole and the second long hole are connected by a pin shaft;

[0018] S70. Curtain wall glass installation;

[0019] S80. Gluing and cleaning.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the cable installation step includes installing each cable between corresponding cable clamps or positioning points by using a truck crane in conjunction with a telescopic boom truck;

[0021] S31. The cable is wound into a coil in the processing plant and fully unrolled on the ground using a cable-laying coil at the construction site;

[0022] a) Installation of the vertical cable: first adjust the vertical cable to the longest state through the adjustment end, first hoist one end and install it, then install the other end of the cable. During the hoisting process, a truck crane and a straight arm truck are used for hoisting;

[0023] b) Installation of the horizontal cable: first adjust the horizontal cable to the longest state through the adjustment end. When installing the horizontal cable at one end and then installing the other end, set multiple lifting points or platforms in the middle of the horizontal cable to lay it flat before installation. During the lifting process, a truck crane is used in conjunction with a straight-arm truck for lifting.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the cable tensioning includes: tensioning of transverse force-bearing cables, vertical force-bearing cables and vertical load-bearing cables;

[0025] The transverse force-bearing cables and the vertical force-bearing cables are arranged orthogonally, and the vertical load-bearing cables are arranged outside the transverse force-bearing cables and the vertical force-bearing cables;

[0026] a) Tensioning is carried out in the order of first tensioning the vertical force-bearing cables, then tensioning the transverse force-bearing cables, and finally tensioning the vertical load-bearing cables; the tensioning order of the vertical force-bearing cables and the vertical load-bearing cables is symmetrical tensioning from both sides to the middle; the tensioning order of the transverse force-bearing cables is symmetrical tensioning from the middle to both sides;

[0027] b) The tensioning is carried out in three levels: the first level is 50% of the preset tension, the second level is 80% of the preset tension, and the third level is 100% of the preset tension; after the first level tensioning of the vertical force cables, the transverse force cables, and the vertical load-bearing cables is completed one by one, the second level tensioning is carried out, and after the second level tensioning is completed one by one, the third level tensioning is carried out one by one.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, after the first stage of tensioning is completed and left to stand for 24 hours, the second stage of tensioning is carried out; after the second stage of tensioning is completed and left to stand for 24 hours, the third stage of tensioning is carried out; the third stage of tensioning is carried out by 5% over-tensioning, and finally tensioning is carried out to 105% of the pre-tensioning design value.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the cable tension re-measurement and re-tensioning include: 24 hours after the third-level tensioning of all cables is completed, checking the tension of each cable according to the tensioning sequence of each cable by reading the tensioning tooling, and for cables with insufficient tension, simultaneously re-tensioning them to 105% of the designed tension value.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, in order to reduce the reduction of cable prestress caused by the loss of prestress, all cables are pre-tensioned before cutting, the pre-tensioning value is 55% of the standard value of the cable tensile strength, the holding time is ≥1h, and the pre-tensioning times are ≥2 times.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the curtain wall glass fixture installation includes:

[0032] S61. Measure and lay out the lines according to the design drawings and mark the locations of the vertical cable installation fixtures;

[0033] S62. Remove the bolts of the glass fixture, except for the outer cover, and install it on the tensioned cable structure;

[0034] S63. Select any number of clamps and tighten all bolts according to the preset torque;

[0035] S64. Hang a counterweight 1.3-1.5 times the weight of the curtain wall glass at the locations where the curtain wall glass is installed on these fixtures for trial installation;

[0036] S65. According to the sagging and slipping of the fixture, adjust the bolt pre-tightening torque and repeat S64 to complete the trial installation.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the curtain wall glass installation includes: installing the curtain wall glass by means of an electric hanging basket, a car crane and an electric dish washer;

[0038] S71. The electric hanging basket is adjusted to 800mm outside the cable;

[0039] S72. Use the electric suction cup of the car crane to lift the curtain wall glass and lift it to the installation location.

[0040] S73. According to the trial installation process, tighten the bolts of the glass fixture, install the curtain wall glass in place and temporarily fix it. After the glass on the fixture is installed, install the front gland;

[0041] S74. Repeat steps S72 and S73 until all curtain wall glass installation is completed. During the curtain wall glass installation process, use a ruler to check the flatness of the finished glass surface and make corrections.

[0042] S75. Adjust the glass gap and use a feeler gauge to control it. After the adjustment is complete, use a theodolite to check the verticality and horizontality of the glass gap and make corrections.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, in the installation step of the U-shaped groove, when not subject to wind load, the first elongated hole and the second elongated hole are arranged orthogonally in a cross, and the pin is located at the center of the cross between the first elongated hole and the second elongated hole.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] First, the construction method provided in this application is suitable for constructing a cable curtain wall based on an existing steel frame, and is particularly suitable for constructing a stable cable curtain wall system in areas or regions that are easily affected by wind loads, such as the north and south facades of the main building or in typhoon-prone areas.

[0046] Secondly, the construction method provided by the present application, the review and reinstallation of the ear plates, provides a reliable foundation for the subsequent curtain wall installation, can strictly control the overall flatness and smoothness of the curtain wall, so that the curtain wall maintains a flat state when subjected to force, and improves the overall ability of the curtain wall to resist deformation;

[0047] One end of the glass at the edge is embedded in a glass clamp to connect the cable, and the other end is embedded in a U-shaped groove and hinged on the steel frame to prevent the curtain wall glass from breaking or detaching from the U-shaped groove due to the rotation of the glass, reduce the potential safety risks caused by extreme wind loads, and improve the stability of the curtain wall.

[0048] Third, the construction method provided in the present application is particularly suitable for the tensioning construction of a large number of cables in a steel frame. The vertical cables are first tensioned symmetrically from both sides to the middle, and then the transverse cables are tensioned symmetrically from the middle to both sides. After the first-level tensioning of the vertical cables and the transverse cables is completed one by one, the second-level tensioning is carried out. After the second-level tensioning is completed one by one, the third-level tensioning is carried out one by one to ensure that the steel frame is evenly stressed and reduce the risk of deformation or damage of the steel frame caused by uneven stress.

[0049] Fourthly, the construction method provided by this application is particularly suitable for the installation of large-panel, high-weight glass curtain walls. Different from the traditional glass lifting method, the curtain wall glass panels are lifted by electric hanging baskets, car cranes, glass suction cups and other equipment, which is simple to operate and efficient in construction.

[0050] Fifth, the construction method provided by the present application can construct a stable cable curtain wall system, which bears wind loads through vertical force cables and transverse force cables, bears vertical loads from the glass curtain wall through vertical load-bearing cables, and enhances the overall torsion resistance of the curtain wall system by setting struts, ensuring that the curtain wall will not be twisted or unstable when subjected to transverse wind force. The overall stability is strong and it is suitable for the north and south facades of the main building and typhoon-prone areas;

[0051] Sixth, in the construction method provided by the present application, the U-shaped groove is hingedly connected to the support through a pin shaft, and long holes are set on both sides of the support and the U-shaped groove, so that when subjected to wind load, the U-shaped groove can not only move forward and backward, but also move left and right, realizing more flexible adjustment and better adapting to complex and changeable wind force changes; the position of the U-shaped groove can be fine-tuned during installation, and there is no need for completely precise alignment, which reduces the accuracy requirements for positioning the support on the steel frame, and can complete the U-shaped groove installation or the review of the U-shaped groove installation in a more efficient manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 The north-south elevations of the cable curtain wall system and the aluminum alloy glass curtain wall system provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 A connection arrangement diagram of the vertical tension cables, the transverse tension cables and the steel frame provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 A connection arrangement diagram of the vertical load-bearing cables and the steel frame provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 The layout diagram of the cable curtain wall glass and steel frame provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0057] Figure 5 A cross-sectional node diagram of a cable curtain wall provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0058] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the connection node between the transverse cables, curtain wall glass and steel frame provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0059] Figure 7 A flow chart of an efficient construction method for a cable curtain wall with a steel frame structure provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0060] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a node load for a certain working condition provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0061] Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of a curtain wall glass end node provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0062] Fig.10 A cross-sectional view of the steel frame, support, U-shaped groove and curtain wall glass connection node provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0063] Fig.11 A diagram showing the deflection state of the curtain wall glass under wind load provided in Example 2 of the present application;

[0064] Fig.12 A cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a connection node between curtain wall glass and a steel frame provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0065] Fig.13A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a connection node between curtain wall glass and a steel frame provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0066] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of one implementation of the ear plate and the support provided in Example 3 of the present application;

[0067] Markings in the figure: 1-cable curtain wall system; 2-aluminum alloy glass curtain wall system; 100-vertical force-bearing cable; 101-lateral force-bearing cable; 102-vertical load-bearing cable; 103-front end clamp; 104-rear end clamp; 105-support rod; 106-curtain wall glass; 107-cable ear plate; 108-cable adjustment end; 21-steel frame; 22-U-shaped groove; 23-support; 24-ear plate; 25-pin shaft; 26-first long strip hole; 27-second long strip hole; R1-first offset displacement; R2-second offset displacement; 3-aluminum alloy curtain wall glass. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0070] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] See also Figure 1 The construction site is a factory building in a certain place. The cable curtain wall system 1 is located at the entrance of the central hall of the north and south facades. The standard grid size is 2.25mx2.25m. The cable curtain wall glass panel uses 10+1.52pvb+10Low-E+16A+12 hollow tempered laminated glass, and the maximum theoretical weight of the panel is 405kg. The cable curtain wall system 1 is externally equipped with an aluminum alloy glass curtain wall system 2. After the main structure construction is completed, the steel frame construction is completed, and the cable ear plate construction is completed, it will be handed over to the cable curtain wall construction work;

[0073] See also Figure 2-Figure 6 The cable curtain wall system includes vertical force cables 100, transverse force cables 101 and vertical load-bearing cables 102 arranged between steel frames 21, and each cable is provided with a curtain wall glass clamp for fixing curtain wall glass 106; the vertical force cables 100 and the transverse force cables 101 are arranged orthogonally, and the ends of the vertical force cables 100 and the transverse force cables 101 are respectively connected to the steel beams and steel columns of the steel frame 21; the vertical load-bearing cables 102 are vertically arranged on the outside of the vertical force cables 100 and the transverse force cables 101, and the vertical load-bearing cables 102 are arranged on the outside of the vertical force cables 100 and the transverse force cables 101. The end of the cable 102 is connected to the steel beam of the steel frame 21; the curtain wall glass fixture includes a front clamp 103, a rear clamp 104 and a strut 105, the front clamp 103 is used to fix the curtain wall glass 106 and the vertical load-bearing cable 102, the rear clamp 104 is arranged at the orthogonal node of the vertical force-bearing cable 100 and the transverse force-bearing cable 101, and the strut 105 is abutted between the front clamp 103 and the rear clamp 104, and the strut 105 helps to enhance the torsion resistance of the curtain wall, ensuring that it is not easy to be twisted or unstable when subjected to lateral wind force;

[0074] In the cable curtain wall structure, the vertical load-bearing cables 102 bear the vertical load from the curtain wall glass 106 to ensure uniform distribution of the overall load, and use ∅18 stainless steel cables; the vertical force cables 100 and the transverse force cables 101 bear the wind load to maintain the stability of the curtain wall system, wherein the vertical force cables 100 use ∅30 stainless steel cables, and the transverse force cables 101 use ∅60 stainless steel cables;

[0075] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 A connection method of the transverse force-bearing cable 101 and the steel frame 21 is shown, wherein the transverse force-bearing cable 101 is connected with a cable adjustment end 108, wherein the cable adjustment end 108 is hinged to a cable ear plate 107 through a pin 109, and the cable ear plate 107 is fixedly welded to the steel frame 21; it can be understood that in this embodiment, the vertical force-bearing cable 100 can also be connected to the steel frame 21 in this way, so it will not be repeated; Figure 6 It also shows a node structure of a junction between the cable curtain wall and the aluminum alloy glass curtain wall, where the curtain wall glass 106 at the edge is connected to the steel frame 21 connected to the aluminum alloy curtain wall glass 3 through a U-shaped groove;

[0076] For example, see Figure 7 The cable curtain wall construction method for a steel frame structure in this embodiment includes:

[0077] S10. Measurement and setting out:

[0078] Including selecting a fixed point with good working performance as the reference datum origin (XYZ) = (0.0.0) when measuring the cable geometry;

[0079] S20. Ear plate review:

[0080] a) Check the position of the cable lug:

[0081] S21. Use a total station to measure the actual position of the steel frame structure, determine the relationship between the entire curtain wall plane and the steel frame structure based on the actual position, and determine the plane position of the center point of the cable ear plate on the steel frame based on the cable clamp height;

[0082] S22. According to the determined plane position, mark points on the upper, lower, left and right sides of the steel frame, measure the distance from the mark point to the cable lug plate, and check it with the distance on the design drawing. If the dimensional deviation is within the control range, the position of the cable lug plate does not need to be adjusted, otherwise the cable lug plate is cut off and re-welded;

[0083] b) Reinstall the lug plate:

[0084] S23. Use a total station to measure and determine the plane position of the center point of the ear plate and make a mark, install a temporary ear plate at the marked point, tie a steel wire, and tighten the steel wire with an adjustment hook;

[0085] S24. Place the cable lug plate or the locator on the marked point of the steel beam or steel column of the steel frame, measure whether the position of the center hole of the cable lug plate is consistent with the marked point, tie a steel wire, tighten the steel wire with an adjustment hook, observe whether the center of the cable lug plate is consistent with the positioning steel wire, and temporarily fix it by spot welding after adjusting it in place until all the cable lug plates are preliminarily installed in place;

[0086] S25. Use a total station to fully detect the spatial position of the center point of the hole of the cable ear plate to ensure that it is in the correct position on the same plane. Adjust the cable ear plates with deviations, fully weld all the cable ear plates, and measure and verify to confirm that the actual position of all connecting ear plates deviates from the theoretical value by less than ±6m;

[0087] Among them, gas shielded welding must be used for full welding to reduce the thermal deformation of steel components; when welding cable ear plates, internal alternating form is adopted to prevent the ear plates from tipping to one side after being heated.

[0088] S30. Cable installation: Use a truck crane and a telescopic truck to install each cable between corresponding cable clamps or positioning points;

[0089] S40. Cable tensioning: tensioning is performed in stages according to the design requirements and the preset values ​​of the tensioning forces of each cable;

[0090] S50. Cable tension re-measurement and re-tensioning;

[0091] S60. Curtain wall glass fixture and U-shaped groove installation:

[0092] S70. Curtain wall glass installation;

[0093] S80. Gluing and cleaning.

[0094] The specific operation of installing the cable between the corresponding cable lug plates and the positioning points in S40 includes:

[0095] S41. Cable laying: The cables are pre-wound into coils in the processing plant, and the cables are fully laid out on the ground using the cable laying coils at the construction site;

[0096] S42. Hoisting: After the cable is released, the cable head can be fixed at one end for vertical hoisting. Do not set the hoisting point on the cable body for vertical hoisting.

[0097] S43A. Installation of vertical cables: including the installation of vertical force cables and vertical load-bearing cables. First, adjust the vertical cables to the longest state through the adjustment end, first hoist one end and install it, and then install the other end of the cable. During the hoisting process, a truck crane is used in conjunction with a telescopic boom truck for hoisting;

[0098] S43B. Vertical cable installation: including the installation of transverse force-bearing cables. First, adjust the horizontal cable to the longest state through the adjustment end. When installing the horizontal cable at one end and then installing the other end, the installation is difficult due to the downward deflection of the horizontal cable due to the large span. Set several lifting points or platforms in the middle of the cable to lay the horizontal cable as flat as possible before installation. During the lifting process, a car crane is used in conjunction with a straight-arm truck for lifting.

[0099] The acquisition of the preset value of the tension force of each cable in S40 includes:

[0100] A mechanical analysis model of the cable curtain wall is established according to the design drawings, and a test load is applied to the model, such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 A load diagram of a node under a certain working condition of this embodiment is provided. The force analysis results of each cable under the test load are obtained to determine the tension of each cable.

[0101] See also Figure 2-4 In this embodiment, the overall structure of the cable curtain wall is arranged in an incomplete circle, with the center of the circle as the midpoint, and the length of each cable gradually decreases from the middle to both sides; therefore, for reference, the tensioning method of each cable in S40 includes:

[0102] A. Cable tensioning sequence:

[0103] The tensioning is carried out in the order of first tensioning the vertical force cables, then tensioning the horizontal force cables, and finally tensioning the load-bearing cables;

[0104] In order to avoid deformation or damage caused by local overload, the tensioning sequence of vertical force cables and load-bearing cables is symmetrical from both sides to the middle; the tensioning sequence of transverse force cables is symmetrical from the middle to both sides;

[0105] B. Cable tensioning classification:

[0106] The tensioning is carried out in three levels: the first level is 50% of the design pre-tension, the second level is 80% of the design pre-tension, and the third level is 100% of the design pre-tension. After the first level tensioning of the vertical force cables, horizontal force cables, and vertical load-bearing cables is completed one by one, the second level tensioning is carried out. After the second level tensioning is completed one by one, the third level tensioning is carried out one by one; to ensure that the steel frame is evenly stressed and reduce the risk of deformation or damage of the steel frame caused by uneven stress.

[0107] To ensure the overall stability of the steel frame and allow time for stress release and adjustment after each load application, the second-level tensioning operation is carried out after the first-level tensioning operation is left to stand for 24 hours; the third-level tensioning operation is carried out after the second-level tensioning operation is left to stand for 24 hours;

[0108] In order to reduce the cable force loss caused by relaxation of prestressed cables, the third stage of tensioning is performed with 5% over-tensioning, and the final tensioning is to 105% of the design value of the tensioning force.

[0109] More specifically, in order to make the cable tensioning steps of this embodiment clearer, the following tensioning steps are provided:

[0110] S41. Tensioning preparation 1: Clamp the adjustment end of the vertical tension cable with a special tensioning clamp. Install a hollow hydraulic cylinder on the top of the clamp, and screw a nut on the screw extending from the clamp at the top of the hydraulic cylinder to prepare for tensioning.

[0111] S42. Tensioning operation: oil is supplied through the oil pump to push the hydraulic cylinder, which extends and simultaneously tightens the adjusting screw at the adjusting end of the vertical cable. In this operation, the tensioning force is set to 50% of the design value.

[0112] S43. Remove the tensioning clamp: Since the cable adjustment screw has been tightened synchronously when the tensioning force reaches 50%, the hydraulic cylinder can be loosened, the special tensioning clamp can be loosened, and preparation for another batch of cable tensioning can be made.

[0113] The above S41-S43 tensioning operation is carried out in a cycle until 50% of the tensioning operation of all vertical load-bearing cables is completed.

[0114] S44: Perform 50% tensioning on the transverse tension cables according to the above method.

[0115] S45: Perform 50% tensioning on the vertical load-bearing cables according to the above method.

[0116] A. The above steps S41-S45 are repeated until the first, second and third levels are all completed with 80% and 105% preset tension.

[0117] B. After completing the 50% preset tension operation, it needs to be left to stand for 24 hours before performing the 80% preset tension operation.

[0118] C. After completing the 80% preset tension operation, it needs to be left to stand for 24 hours before proceeding to the 105% preset tension operation.

[0119] As a preferred embodiment, in order to make the tensioning value closer to the design value, re-measurement and supplementary tensioning are carried out after the tensioning is completed, specifically including: 24 hours after all the cables are tensioned, according to the above-mentioned cable tensioning steps, the cable pre-tensioning force is checked by reading the tensioning tooling; for cables with insufficient tensioning force, supplementary tensioning is simultaneously carried out to 105% of the design tension value.

[0120] As a preferred embodiment, in order to reduce the reduction of prestress of the cables caused by the loss of prestress, all cables need to be pre-stressed before cutting. The pre-stressing value is 55% of the standard value of the tensile strength of the cables, the holding time is ≥1h, and the number of pre-stressing times is ≥2 times.

[0121] The installation of the curtain wall glass fixture in S60 includes:

[0122] S61: Measure and lay out the lines according to the drawings and mark the locations of the vertical cable installation fixtures.

[0123] S62: Remove the bolts of the clamp, except for the outer cover, which is installed on the tensioned cable structure. Keep the outer cover and bolts in a safe place. Install the accessories without tightening the bolts for subsequent adjustment.

[0124] S63: Take any 3 clamps and tighten all bolts to 30N.M torque

[0125] S64: Hang a counterweight 1.3-1.5 times the weight of the curtain wall glass at the location where the curtain wall glass is installed for trial installation

[0126] S65: Check whether the cable clamp has sagging, slipping, etc. If there is any problem, inform the manufacturer and adjust the bolt pre-tightening torque and repeat S64 to complete the trial installation.

[0127] After installation, measure the three-dimensional coordinates of all fixtures. If the fixture position has a tolerance exceeding ±6mm, it must be adjusted.

[0128] In this embodiment, the curtain wall glass panel is relatively large, the standard grid size of the north and south entrance cable curtain walls is 2.25mx2.25m, and the curtain wall glass panel adopts 10+1.52pvb+10Low-E+16A+12 hollow tempered laminated glass. The maximum theoretical weight of the panel is 405kg. Such a large and heavy glass panel cannot be installed by manpower.

[0129] Therefore, for reference, this embodiment provides a method for hoisting curtain wall glass panels using an electric hanging basket, a car crane, and a glass suction cup. This method can accurately install the curtain wall glass in place, is simple to operate, and has efficient construction;

[0130] The method for hoisting the curtain wall glass panel comprises:

[0131] S71: Adjust the electric hanging basket to 800mm away from the outside of the cable.

[0132] S72: Use the electric suction cup of the car crane to lift the curtain wall glass and lift it to the installation location.

[0133] S73: According to the trial installation process, tighten the fixture bolts, place the curtain wall glass in place and temporarily fix it (the front gland has not been installed yet), and install the front gland after the curtain wall glass on the fixture is installed.

[0134] S74: The above S72 and S73 are repeated until the installation of all curtain wall glass is completed. During the installation of curtain wall glass, the flatness of the finished surface of the curtain wall glass is checked with a ruler and corrected.

[0135] S75: Adjust the gap of the curtain wall glass and control it with a feeler gauge. After the adjustment is completed, use a theodolite to check the verticality and horizontality of the gap of the curtain wall glass and make corrections.

[0136] More specifically, when the curtain wall glass is close to the hanging basket, the workers working in the hanging basket need to hold the curtain wall glass well to prevent the curtain wall glass from colliding with the curtain wall frame when it is lifted or lowered; after the workers at each station can hold the manual suction cup, remove the protective rubber sleeve on one side of the joint; use the manual fall chain of the hanging electric suction cup to slowly lift the curtain wall glass so that the lower end of the curtain wall glass protrudes slightly from the lower frame; at this time, the workers should gently pull the curtain wall glass into the groove in time and use wooden boards to block it to prevent it from colliding with adjacent curtain wall glass; in addition, some workers use wooden boards to lean against the lower end of the curtain wall glass to ensure When the fall chain slowly lowers the curtain wall glass, the curtain wall glass can be placed into the bottom frame groove, and the lower end of the curtain wall glass should be prevented from colliding with the metal groove; after the first piece of curtain wall glass is in place, check the verticality of the side of the curtain wall glass. After confirming that there is no problem, install the vertical glass pressure plate and horizontal locking plate to temporarily fix it; subsequent curtain wall glass is installed one by one layer by layer according to this method, and the curtain wall glass is installed from bottom to top; after all curtain wall glasses are installed, install the vertical glass pressure plate and horizontal glass locking plate, and the specifications, dimensions and spacing of the pressure plate and locking plate shall be installed according to the design requirements of the drawings and specifications.

[0137] The second embodiment mainly involves the treatment of the edge of the cable curtain wall. In the first embodiment, the deflection of the cable is controlled at 1 / 80. Under the maximum wind load, the maximum deflection of the cable will reach 405mm. The cable deformation is parabolic to produce the ability to resist wind load, and the curtain wall also becomes a hyperbolic shape. The four corners of the curtain wall glass panels are deformed out of coplanarity, and an angle is generated between adjacent curtain wall glasses. Especially at the edge of the curtain wall glass, such as Figure 6 As shown, one side is connected to the steel frame 21 by a U-shaped groove 22, and the other side is connected to the vertical load-bearing cable by a clamp. When the ultimate wind load acts, please refer to Fig. 9 , the second offset displacement R2 in the direction perpendicular to the curtain wall glass 106 on the side fixed on the U-shaped groove 22 is almost negligible, while the first offset displacement R1 in the direction perpendicular to the curtain wall glass on the side close to the vertical load-bearing cable reaches 405mm, at which time the curtain wall glass 106 will rotate to a certain angle. At the same time, due to the rotation of the curtain wall glass 106, the curtain wall glass 106 and the inner wall of the U-shaped groove 22 are prone to excessive extrusion or collision, increasing the risk of the curtain wall glass breaking or even falling off from the U-shaped groove 22. Therefore, based on the safety hazard caused by the displacement of the curtain wall glass 106 at the edge under the action of wind load, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a more advantageous structure on the basis of the first embodiment.

[0138] See also Figure 10-11, the rest is the same as the first embodiment, except that, in the second embodiment, when installing the curtain wall glass clamp, the U-shaped groove 22 is installed simultaneously, including: measuring and laying out according to the design drawings, marking the installation position of the U-shaped groove 22 on the steel frame 21; fixing and welding the fixed support 23 at the marked point; after the support 23 is fixed, the ear plate 24 on the U-shaped groove 22 is hinged to the support 25 through the pin 25; it can be understood that with this structure, when subjected to wind load, the U-shaped groove 22 hinged to the support 23 can rotate synchronously with the rotation of the curtain wall glass 106, thereby reducing the safety risk caused by the rotation of the curtain wall glass 106 relative to the U-shaped groove 22 under extreme wind load.

[0139] Embodiment 3 mainly involves the treatment of the edge of the cable curtain wall; Figure 12~Figure 14 The connection node structure between the curtain wall glass and the steel frame provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is shown. On the basis of the second embodiment, further, the support 23 is provided with a first elongated hole 26, and the ear plate 24 on the U-shaped groove 22 is provided with a second elongated hole 27;

[0140] See also Fig.13 , when not subject to wind load, the first long hole 26 and the second long hole 27 are arranged orthogonally, and the first long hole 26 and the second long hole 27 are connected by a pin 25; when subjected to wind load, the U-shaped groove 22 can not only rotate with the rotation of the curtain wall glass 106, but also move forward and backward along a direction perpendicular to the curtain wall plane (the length direction of the first long hole 26), and / or move left and right along a direction parallel to the curtain wall plane (the length direction of the second long hole 27);

[0141] Therefore, based on the second embodiment, when subjected to wind load, the U-shaped groove can not only move forward and backward, but also move left and right. The flexible movement in more directions can adapt to more complex and variable changes in wind loads and reduce the risk of the curtain wall glass 106 detaching from the U-shaped groove 22.

[0142] On the other hand, in this embodiment, the ear plate 24 of the support 23 and the U-shaped groove 22 are both designed with long through holes, which can provide more room for movement compared to the fixed round hole design, so that the position of the U-shaped groove 22 can be fine-tuned during installation without the need for completely precise alignment, thereby reducing the accuracy requirements for positioning the support 23 on the steel frame, and thus the U-shaped groove installation can be completed more efficiently.

[0143] Furthermore, the support 23 is directly arranged on the steel frame 23. Compared with the traditional concrete main structure, the expansion or contraction of steel is greater when the temperature changes. In addition, the curtain wall structure is located at the north and south facades of the main building, especially the south facade, which has a better lighting effect. However, direct sunlight and heat accumulation are also more obvious. Because when the connection holes of the support 23 and the U-shaped groove 22 are fixed circular holes, temperature changes may cause the support and the U-shaped groove to become stuck, causing the U-shaped groove 22 to lose the ability to cope with the extreme wind load through hinges.

[0144] To address the above issues, see Fig.13 , the third embodiment adopts a more flexible design: the first long hole 26 and the second long hole 27 are arranged in a cross-orthogonal manner, and the pin 25 is placed at the intersection of the two long holes. When expansion or contraction occurs, the U-shaped groove 27 can move left and right and front and back around the cross-orthogonal point, thereby more effectively coping with the impact caused by temperature changes and maintaining the flatness and stability of the curtain wall;

[0145] Compared with the traditional design of only setting a single long hole on one side of the support 22 or the U-shaped groove 23, the use of two orthogonal long holes significantly improves the overall performance. A single long hole can only provide displacement in one direction. If the expansion of the support 23 due to temperature changes exceeds the movement capacity in this direction, it is easy to cause a jamming phenomenon, which limits the movement of the U-shaped groove 22 and reduces its ability to cope with extreme wind loads.

[0146] By providing long holes on both sides, this embodiment allows the U-shaped groove to be fine-tuned and displaced in two directions, providing greater freedom and reducing the jamming phenomenon. This design further ensures that the support 23 and the U-shaped groove 22 can flexibly respond to wind loads through the hinged manner.

[0147] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure, It is characterized in that include: S10. Measurement and setting out: Select the fixed point position as the reference datum for cable geometry measurement; S20. Ear plate review: S21. Use the total station to measure the actual position of the steel frame. Determine the relationship between the entire curtain wall plane and the steel frame (21) based on the actual position. Determining the plane position of the center point of the cable lug plate (107) on the steel frame (21) according to the cable clamp height; S22. According to the determined plane position of the center point of the cable lug plate (107), Mark the top, bottom, left and right sides of the steel frame (21). The distance from the marked point to the cable lug plate (107) is measured and checked against the distance on the design drawing. The cable lug plate with a dimensional deviation outside the control range is cut off and re-welded; S30. Cable installation; S40. Cable tensioning; S50. Cable tension re-measurement and re-tensioning; S60. Curtain wall glass fixture and U-shaped channel installation: a) Installation of curtain wall glass fixtures; b) U-shaped groove installation: Measure and lay out the lines according to the design drawings, and mark the position where the U-shaped groove (22) is to be installed on the steel frame (21); fix the support (23) at the marked point; after the support (23) is fixed, hinge the U-shaped groove (22) on the support (23) through the pin (25); The support (23) is provided with a first elongated hole (26), and the U-shaped groove (22) is provided with a second elongated hole (27); the first elongated hole (26) and the second elongated hole (27) are arranged orthogonally, the length direction of the first elongated hole (26) or the second elongated hole (27) is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the plane of the curtain wall, and the first elongated hole (26) and the second elongated hole (27) are connected by a pin shaft (25); S70. Curtain wall glass installation; S80. Gluing and cleaning; The re-welding of the cable lug plate (107) after cutting off comprises: S23. Use a total station to measure and determine the plane position of the center point of the cable ear plate (107) and make a mark, install a temporary ear plate at the marked point, tie a wire, and use an adjustment hook to tighten the wire; S24. Measure whether the position of the center hole of the cable ear plate (107) is consistent with the marking point, observe whether the center of the cable ear plate (107) is consistent with the positioning wire, adjust it in place and temporarily fix it by spot welding until all the cable ear plates (107) are initially installed in place; S25. Use a total station to fully detect the spatial position of the center point of the hole of the cable ear plate (107) to ensure that it is in the correct position on the same plane, adjust the cable ear plate (107) with deviation, fully weld all the cable ear plates (107), and measure and verify; The steps of installing the cable include: a) Installation of the vertical cable: first adjust the vertical cable to the longest state through the adjustment end, first hoist one end and install it, then install the other end of the cable. During the hoisting process, a truck crane and a straight arm truck are used for hoisting; b) Installation of the horizontal cable: first adjust the horizontal cable to the longest state through the adjustment end. When installing the horizontal cable at one end and then installing the other end, set multiple lifting points or platforms in the middle of the horizontal cable to lay it flat before installation. During the lifting process, a truck crane is used in conjunction with a straight arm truck for lifting; The cable tensioning comprises: Tensioning of the transverse force-bearing cables (101), the vertical force-bearing cables (100) and the vertical load-bearing cables (102); The transverse force-bearing cables (101) and the vertical force-bearing cables (100) are arranged orthogonally, and the vertical load-bearing cables (102) are arranged outside the transverse force-bearing cables (101) and the vertical force-bearing cables (100); a) Cable tensioning sequence: The tensioning is performed in the order of first tensioning the vertical force-bearing cables (100), then tensioning the transverse force-bearing cables (101), and finally tensioning the vertical load-bearing cables (102); The tensioning sequence of the vertical force-bearing cables (100) and the vertical load-bearing cables (102) is symmetrical tensioning from both sides to the middle; the tensioning sequence of the transverse force-bearing cables (101) is symmetrical tensioning from the middle to both sides; b) Cable tensioning classification: The tensioning is carried out in three levels: the first level is 50% of the preset tension, the second level is 80% of the preset tension, and the third level is 100% of the preset tension; After the vertical force-bearing cables (100), the transverse force-bearing cables (101), and the vertical load-bearing cables (102) are tensioned one by one at the first stage, the second stage tensioning is then performed, and after the second stage tensioning is completed one by one, the third stage tensioning is performed one by one.

2. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that After the first stage of tensioning is completed and the tension is allowed to stand for 24 hours, the second stage of tensioning is carried out; after the second stage of tensioning is completed and the tension is allowed to stand for 24 hours, the third stage of tensioning is carried out; the third stage of tensioning is carried out with 5% over-tensioning, and finally the tension is stretched to 105% of the design value of the pre-tension.

3. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cable tension re-measurement and supplementary tensioning include: 24 hours after the third-level tensioning of all cables is completed, checking the tension of each cable according to the tensioning sequence of each cable by reading the tensioning tooling, and for cables with insufficient tension, simultaneously supplementary tensioning is performed to 105% of the designed tension value.

4. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In order to reduce the reduction of cable prestress caused by the loss of prestress, all cables are pre-tensioned before cutting. The pre-tensioning value is 55% of the standard value of the cable tensile strength, the holding time is ≥1h, and the pre-tensioning times are ≥2 times.

5. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The curtain wall glass fixture installation includes: S61. Measure and lay out the lines according to the design drawings and mark the locations of the vertical cable installation fixtures; S62. Remove the bolts of the curtain wall glass fixture and install it on the tensioned cable structure except for the outer cover; S63. Select any number of clamps and tighten all bolts according to the preset torque; S64. Hang a counterweight 1.3-1.5 times the weight of the curtain wall glass at the locations where the curtain wall glass is installed on these fixtures for trial installation; S65. According to the sagging and slipping of the fixture, adjust the bolt pre-tightening torque and repeat S64 to complete the trial installation.

6. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The curtain wall glass installation includes: The curtain wall glass installation is completed through the cooperation of electric hanging basket, automobile crane and electric washing machine; S71. The electric hanging basket is adjusted to 800mm outside the cable; S72. Use the electric suction cup of the car crane to suck up the curtain wall glass and lift it to the installation location; S73. According to the trial installation process, tighten the curtain wall glass fixture bolts, install the curtain wall glass in place and temporarily fix it. After the curtain wall glass on the fixture is installed, install the front gland; S74. Repeat steps S72 and S73 until all curtain wall glass installation is completed. During the curtain wall glass installation process, a ruler is used to check the flatness of the finished surface of the curtain wall glass and correct it; S75. Adjust the gap of the curtain wall glass and control it with a feeler gauge. After the adjustment is completed, use a theodolite to check the verticality and horizontality of the gap of the curtain wall glass and make corrections.

7. The efficient construction method for cable curtain wall of steel frame structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the installation step of the U-shaped groove (22), when not subject to wind load, the first elongated hole (26) and the second elongated hole (27) are arranged orthogonally in a cross, and the pin (25) is located at the center of the cross between the first elongated hole (26) and the second elongated hole (27).

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