Cultivation method for interplanting grapes and actinidia arguta

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting grapes with actinidia arguta in a cold-proof greenhouse frame in a soil-buried cold-proof area, which comprises the following steps of: trimming a grape tree form in a cold greenhouse into an inclined-trunk horizontal-long-trunk greenhouse frame form, trimming a trunk base part with a duck neck bent structure, trimming the length of the trunk base part to be 10-15cm, horizontally bending the trunk base part at a position 10-15cm away from the ground by 90 degrees, and enabling the length of the section to be 80-100cm; the main vines are bent at the horizontal bending position by 90 degrees along the vertical plane and are obliquely erected, the inclination degree is preferably 30 degrees relative to the vertical line, the vertical height of the main vines is set to be 1.6-1.8 m, the main vines horizontally extend in the direction perpendicular to the row direction, and the included angle between the main vines and the main vines is preferably 120 degrees; the actinidia arguta is interplanted in grape vines, the optimal plant spacing is set to be 2 m, the tree shape is trimmed to be one-stem-two-vine, and the interplanting cultivation mode facilitates soil burying cold prevention and mechanical operation, facilitates organic integration of agricultural machinery and agriculture and the like, and is beneficial to healthy and sustainable development of the grape and actinidia arguta industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a cultivation method for interplanting soft-fruited kiwifruit with grapes in a cold shed in a buried cold-proof area. Background Art

[0002] Actinidia arguta, commonly known as soft dates, grows naturally in the forest areas of Northeast my country, mainly in the Changbai Mountain area. It is a wild vine fruit tree with strong cold resistance and does not need to be buried in the soil and taken off the shelves in winter. The fruit has the functions of nourishing the body, promoting fluid and moistening the lungs, and has certain therapeutic effects on hypertension, angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia and other diseases. In the cold greenhouse, the cold-resistant greenhouse grapes can be interplanted with Actinidia arguta. The flat-top greenhouse can be used to make full use of the cold greenhouse space and increase the fruit yield of the cold greenhouse. In addition, interplanting Actinidia arguta can make up for the shortcomings of the greenhouse grapes, such as slow tree formation and slow fruiting, and achieve complementary advantages.

[0003] At present, in areas where the tree is buried in the ground to protect against cold, most of the tree shapes, whether for table grapes or wine grapes, are traditional tree shapes such as multi-main vine fan shape, upright dragon trunk shape and single dragon trunk shape, with upright leaf curtains or horizontal leaf curtains. The above traditional tree shapes and leaf curtain shapes have problems such as inconvenience of burying in the ground to protect against cold, poor ventilation and light transmission, labor-intensive management of secondary shoots, inconsistent fruit maturity and quality, affecting mechanized operations, and failing to achieve the organic integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, which seriously affect the healthy and sustainable development of the grape industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for interplanting grapes and kiwifruit, so as to promote the effective combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy and promote the development of kiwifruit and grape industries.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a cultivation method of grape interplanting kiwifruit, which comprises: trimming the grape tree into a slanting trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis tree shape, interplanting kiwifruit in the grape tree row, and trimming the tree shape into one pole and two vines.

[0006] Preferably, the above-mentioned oblique trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis tree shape is: the base of the trimmed main trunk has a 'duck neck bend' structure, the base of the trimmed main trunk is 10 to 15 cm long, it is bent horizontally at 90° at a distance of 10 to 15 cm from the ground, and it is bent along the vertical plane at 90° at the horizontal bend and tilted on the shelf. The optimal degree of inclination is 30° to the vertical line. The trimmed main vine of the grape extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the row direction. The vertical height of the trunk of the grape tree shape is 1.6 to 1.8 m.

[0007] Preferably, the length of the horizontal curved section is set to 80-100 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the plant spacing of soft-fleshed kiwifruit is set to 2m, and the one-pole-two-vines method is specifically as follows: the height of the frame for trimming soft-fleshed kiwifruit is 2m, and when the new shoots exceed the frame surface by 5cm, two strong branches are selected as main vines for cultivation, and the remaining new shoots are thinned out; when the main vines grow to 1.0-1.5m, the main vines are extended to both sides along the central steel wire and fixed, and a side branch is left every 30cm on the main vine as a side vine until the side vines fill the frame space.

[0009] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0010] The present invention has developed a cultivation method for cold-resistant greenhouse grapes interplanted with soft-fruited kiwifruit. The cold-resistant greenhouse grapes are oblique horizontal dragon trunk trellises, which only require the top trellises in the cold greenhouse. When climbing on the trellises, they can rely on bamboo poles, and do not require a large amount of trellis materials. Therefore, the trellis shape saves labor and materials. The vineyard built according to the oblique horizontal dragon trunk trellis with horizontal leaf curtain standards can realize mechanized operations such as vineyard construction, soil management, fertilization management, irrigation management, plant protection management, simplified pruning and winter cold protection, which effectively solves the problem of agricultural machinery and agronomy integration in the grape cultivation management process.

[0011] The interplanting tree shape provided by the present invention can ensure the safety of grape trees overwintering, and has the advantages of being difficult to break, not cracked, convenient to remove from the rack and bury in the soil, high efficiency, stable yield, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the shape of grape trees after trimming in the interplanting cultivation method of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the shape of the Actinidia arguta tree interplanted in the interplanting cultivation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Note: The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] A cultivation method for interplanting grapes and Actinidia arguta, comprising the following steps:

[0018] 1. Reshape the grape vines in the greenhouse, refer to Figure 1 , trim the base of the trunk to have a 'duck neck bend' structure. The base of the trunk is 10 to 15 cm long, partly perpendicular to the ground, and bends horizontally at 90° at a distance of 10 to 15 cm from the ground. This section is 80 to 100 cm long; bend 90° along the vertical plane at 80 to 100 cm from the horizontal bend and tilt it up. The degree of inclination should be 30° to the vertical line. Set the vertical height of the trunk to 1.6 to 1.8 m. The main vine extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the row direction. Set the angle between the main vine and the trunk to 120°, which is convenient for the main vine to be taken down and tied in winter; set the fruiting branches evenly distributed on the main vine, with a spacing of 10 to 15 cm between each branch group; the new shoots are perpendicular to the main vine and tied horizontally on both sides of the main vine to form a horizontal leaf curtain; set the spacing between new shoots to 10 to 15 cm, and the length of new shoots to 1.2 to 1.5 m; set every 667m 2 The load of new shoots is about 3,500, each with 20 to 30 leaves, resulting in a grape tree shape with oblique trunks, horizontal trunks and a trellis.

[0019] 2. Plant kiwifruit in the cold shed of grapes in the buried soil cold protection zone. The tree structure of kiwifruit is trimmed into one pole and two vines. The planting and trimming process includes the following: Figure 2 As shown;

[0020] The main trunk cultivation is as follows: the spacing of kiwifruit plants is set at 2m, and the main trunk of the young tree is ensured to grow upright during planting. New shoots are selected as the main trunk and fixed to keep it growing upright; the frame is set at 2m high, and when the new shoots exceed the frame by 5cm, the main trunk is pinched. After pinching, 3 to 4 new shoots can be produced from the top of the main trunk. Two strong shoots are selected as the main vines for cultivation, and the rest of the new shoots are thinned out;

[0021] The main vine cultivation is as follows: when the main vine grows to 1.0-1.5m, extend the main vine along the central wire to both sides and fix it on the central wire frame. Leave a side branch every 30cm on the main vine, and fix the side branch on the frame at a right angle to the row direction until the side vine fills the space.

[0022] In the spring of the following year, many new shoots will grow on the frame. Select the strongest branches as the extension branches of the main vine and continue to extend forward along the central wire. When the tips of the selected main extension branches begin to entangle with each other, pinch the tops to accumulate nutrients and promote the growth of the main vine.

[0023] During winter pruning, the main vines that exceed the growth range are cut back to their respective growth ranges. A long and vigorous branch is left at 30 cm intervals on both sides of the main vine. It is pruned to the full buds as the fruiting mother branches for the next year. The medium and short branches with moderate growth can be appropriately retained. The retained fruiting mother branches are fixed on the steel wires on the frame at right angles to the row direction and parallel to each other, arranged in a feather shape, forming a tree-shaped soft-fruited kiwi with two vines on one pole.

[0024] The interplanted grape and Actinidia arguta tree structure provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] The feather-shaped structure of one trunk and two vines has good ventilation and light transmission conditions. Because there are no other side branches on both sides, this tree-shaped structure is conducive to mechanized operations, whether it is weeding, spraying pesticides or fertilizing. Pests and diseases are not easy to occur, which is conducive to the accumulation of dry matter in the fruit and the transformation of nutrients, which is conducive to the improvement of the quality of soft-fleshed kiwifruit. The oblique trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis only needs to rely on the top trellis in the cold shed. When the grapes are put on the shelf, they can rely on bamboo poles to climb, and do not require a large amount of trellis materials. Therefore, this trellis shape saves labor and materials. The vineyard built according to the oblique trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis with horizontal leaf curtain standards can realize the mechanized operations of vineyard construction, soil management, fertilization management, irrigation management, plant protection management, simplified pruning and winter cold protection, which effectively solves the problem of the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in the process of grape cultivation and management.

[0026] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. After reading the above content, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions of the present invention will occur. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating grapes and Actinidia arguta interplanted with Actinidia arguta, characterized in that: The method comprises: trimming the shape of grape trees into a slanting trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis tree shape, interplanting soft-fruited kiwifruit in the grape tree row, and trimming the tree shape into one pole and two vines.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The oblique trunk horizontal dragon trunk trellis tree shape is: the main trunk base is trimmed to have a "duck neck bend" structure, the main trunk base is trimmed to be 10-15 cm long, and it is bent horizontally at 90° at a distance of 10-15 cm from the ground, and it is bent vertically at 90° at the horizontal bend and tilted on the frame, and the trimmed main vine of the grape extends horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the row direction.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the horizontal curved section is 80 to 100 cm.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The degree of inclination is 30° to the vertical line.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical height of the grape tree-shaped trunk is 1.6 to 1.8 m.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant spacing of the Actinidia arguta is 2m.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-pole-two-vines method comprises the following steps: the height of the frame for trimming soft-fleshed kiwifruit is 2m; when the new shoots exceed the frame surface by 5cm, two strong shoots are selected as main vines for cultivation, and the remaining new shoots are thinned out; when the main vines grow to 1.0-1.5m, the main vines are extended to both sides along the central steel wire and fixed, and a side branch is left every 30cm on the main vine as a side vine.

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