Pantograph head anomaly detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of vehicle pantograph overhauling, and discloses a pantograph head anomaly detection method. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity of an area between a carbon slide plate of a pantograph head and a contact line; determining whether arcing is generated based on the infrared data and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity; under the condition that arcing is generated, the duration and temperature of each arcing are determined; determining whether the arcing is an over-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature; determining the number of times of over-limit arcing and the cumulative time in a predetermined time period; and when at least one of the number of times and the accumulated time reaches a set standard, triggering early warning. According to the pantograph head anomaly detection method, detection data of different dimensions such as temperature detection and ultraviolet light detection are fused, the detection accuracy is improved, meanwhile, a fine anomaly alarm scheme is formulated for the abnormal condition of the surface of the carbon contact strip caused by arcing, faults can be conveniently found and processed in time, and the operation safety of a vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rail vehicle pantograph maintenance, and in particular to a pantograph head abnormality detection method. Background Art

[0002] The pantograph is a key device for the train to receive electric energy. The sliding plate of the pantograph head contacts the contact wire, and the process of transmitting the electric energy on the contact wire to the train is called current collection. During the train current collection process, the contact wire and the pantograph work closely together mechanically to transmit electric energy to the train. Reliable contact between the pantograph and the contact wire is an important condition to ensure that the train can receive electric energy stably. Any problems with related components will destroy the current collection process of receiving electric energy and affect the normal operation of the train.

[0003] The pantograph head is the core component of the pantograph current collection. It is responsible for drawing electrical energy from the contact line and then transmitting it to the equipment on the train to ensure smooth train operation. Figure 1 As shown, the pantograph bow head is mainly composed of a bow head shaft, a spring box, a carbon slide plate, a supporting bow angle, an extended bow angle, etc. The materials of the bow head are mainly stainless steel and aluminum alloy. The carbon slide plate is installed on the bow angle, and the bow angle is installed on the upper part of the spring box assembly on both sides. The carbon slide plate can move flexibly laterally in the direction of vehicle operation, and can absorb the impact in this direction, thereby extending the service life of the carbon slide plate. When the pantograph bow head (especially the carbon slide plate) is damaged, it will affect the current collection of the pantograph, causing the power supply of the train to be intermittent and unable to run stably, sometimes causing abnormal train running speed, abnormal acceleration and deceleration, causing unstable operation of the train, and affecting the comfort of the train.

[0004] During the operation of the train, due to some reasons, the pantograph may be separated from the contact line and arc may be generated, burning the pantograph plate or the contact network, and generating instantaneous overvoltage, causing damage to related equipment. Severe pantograph arcing may cause the pantograph carbon plate to burn and corrode, produce ablation and hard spots, aggravate the loss of the carbon plate, affect the health of the vehicle power supply, and affect the safe operation of the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate relevant fault alarm plans for arcing on the train and the damage to the carbon plate caused by it, so as to detect and handle the fault in time and improve the safety of vehicle operation.

[0005] Patent CN113255507A discloses a method for identifying arcing of a bow-net and a related device. The method first classifies the acquired image to be identified according to the brightness parameter, and divides it into a first type of image with higher brightness and a second type of image with lower brightness. Then, for the first type of image, the region of interest in the image to be identified is obtained based on a machine learning method. For the second type of image, the region of interest in the image to be identified is obtained based on a threshold segmentation and template matching method. After the region of interest is identified using the above two methods, it is determined whether the region of interest includes arcing of the bow-net. When the region of interest cannot be identified based on the above two methods, the frame difference method is used to identify the arcing of the bow-net in the image to be identified. The bow-net arcing identification method provided in the application designs different methods for obtaining the region of interest for different situations, so as to improve the recognition accuracy of the region of interest and the arcing of the bow-net. However, this technology still has some shortcomings. On the one hand, this method only uses the images taken by the camera as the basis for judgment, and uses the brightness parameters of the image as the standard for image classification and identification of the area of ​​interest. However, the running environment of high-speed trains is complex, and the brightness of the images taken may be affected by special conditions such as weather, street lights, and tunnels, resulting in poor recognition effect of this method. On the other hand, this method does not propose a fault alarm solution after arcing is identified.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to study a pantograph bow head abnormality detection method in order to improve the accuracy of arcing detection and perform abnormal maintenance warning in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph head.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph head is provided, the method comprising: Collect infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristics of the area between the carbon slide plate of the pantograph head and the contact wire; Determining whether arcing has occurred based on the collected infrared data and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity; Determining the duration and temperature of each occurrence of the arcing when the arcing occurs; determining whether the arcing is out-of-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature; Determining the number and cumulative time of the excessive arcing within a predetermined period of time; When at least one of the number of times and the accumulated time reaches a set standard, an early warning is triggered.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether arcing has occurred based on the collected infrared data and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity comprises: When the infrared data indicates that the temperature of the monitoring area exceeds 100° C. and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity with a wavelength of 230-280 nm is detected, it is determined that arcing has occurred.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the arcing is over-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature comprises: When the duration of a single arcing exceeds 100 ms, the arcing is determined to be an arcing with an excessive duration; and / or When the temperature of the arcing exceeds 150° C., the arcing is determined to be an over-temperature arcing.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the number of arcing events exceeding the time limit occurs more than 50 times in one day, an early warning is triggered.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an early warning is triggered when the number of arcing events exceeding the limit duration occurs more than 5 times in a day and the cumulative total time of the arcing events exceeding the limit duration is greater than 5 seconds.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature exceeding the limit arcing occurs more than 5 times in a day and the total accumulated time of the temperature exceeding the limit arcing is greater than 15 seconds, an early warning is triggered.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method also includes determining a target area of ​​the carbon skateboard where the arcing occurs based on the infrared data and / or the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity, capturing an optical image of the target area, performing image analysis on the optical image to determine whether a set type of damage has occurred in the target area, and triggering an abnormal alarm when the set type of damage is detected.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when it is detected that a V-shaped groove with a depth exceeding 1.2 mm within 10 mm on both sides of the center line of the lowest point of the groove or a wavy curve with a height difference of more than 4 mm between the peaks and troughs of the convex and concave wavy line within 100 mm appears in the target area, an abnormal wear alarm is triggered.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: monitoring the temperature of the use environment of the carbon skateboard, and triggering a wave-type wear warning when the ambient temperature is lower than 12°C and lasts for ≥270h.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises: monitoring the relative humidity of the use environment of the carbon skateboard, and triggering a wave-type wear warning when the relative humidity is lower than 32% and lasts for ≥270h.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when it is detected that a non-through block drop with a block height exceeding 50% of the height of a single carbon bar or a through block drop with a lateral continuous length exceeding 15 mm, a depth exceeding 2 mm from the wear surface, and a height exceeding 5 mm occurs in the target area, a pit abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: The acceleration of the carbon slide is detected, and the collision position of the carbon slide is determined when the acceleration satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The acceleration sensors on either side indicate that the longitudinal impact rate exceeds 80g, and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; The accelerometer on either side indicates that the lateral impact rate exceeds 50g and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; It is determined whether the collision position appears in the target area, and if the collision position appears in the target area, an abnormal impact damage alarm is triggered.

[0020] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the pantograph bow head abnormality detection method provided by the present invention simultaneously integrates detection data of multiple different dimensions such as temperature detection, ultraviolet light detection, optional optical image analysis and acceleration analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of detection. Compared with the simple image analysis method, the method of the present invention is more accurate, and the method can identify early abnormalities that cannot be identified by image analysis, thereby improving the timeliness of abnormality detection and processing. The method of the present invention also formulates a sophisticated abnormal alarm scheme for abnormal conditions on the surface of the carbon slide plate caused by arcing, which facilitates the timely detection and processing of faults and improves the safety of vehicle operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a pantograph head according to the prior art; Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for detecting an abnormality in a pantograph head according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0023] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification of the present invention and the claims or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] In addition, reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph head. Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph head according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method generally comprises: Step S1: collecting infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantities of the area between the carbon slide plate of the pantograph head and the contact wire; Step S2: determining whether arcing occurs based on the collected infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity; Step S3: when arcing occurs, determine the duration and temperature of each arcing occurrence; Step S4: determining whether the arcing is an over-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature; Step S5: determining the number of over-limit arcing events and the cumulative time within a predetermined period; Step S6: When at least one of the number of times and the accumulated time reaches the set standard, an early warning is triggered.

[0026] The arcing phenomenon of the bow-net in the bow-net system will cause two major physical damages to the carbon slide: first, the high temperature accompanying the arcing will burn the contact wire and the carbon slide; second, the arcing will make the material of the carbon slide contact surface rough, thereby increasing the contact resistance, resulting in increased heat loss and increased wear. Since the surface abnormality of the carbon slide is closely related to abnormal arcing, the arcing parameters are used as judgment conditions to increase the accuracy of abnormal detection of the carbon slide. When abnormal arcing occurs for a long time and multiple times, problems such as ablation and hard spots will occur on the surface of the carbon slide, affecting the healthy state of the vehicle's power supply and the safe operation of the vehicle, and maintenance warnings should be carried out.

[0027] The following is an exemplary description of each operation step of the above method.

[0028] In step S1, infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristics of the area between the carbon slide plate and the contact wire of the pantograph bow head are collected. When arcing occurs, it will be accompanied by strong light, high temperature and other phenomena. For this reason, it can be determined whether arcing occurs by monitoring the infrared and ultraviolet light conditions of the area between the carbon slide plate and the contact wire. For example, an infrared detector and an ultraviolet detector can be installed near the roof pantograph, 5 to 10 meters away from the contact area between the carbon slide plate and the contact wire, and relevant data can be collected from the contact area. The infrared detector can be an infrared thermal imager. The ultraviolet detector can use a day-blind ultraviolet light detection sensor with a detection range of 185 to 280nm to avoid interference of sunlight on the detection device. The wavelength of sunlight is generally greater than 290nm. Therefore, the present invention uses the spectral characteristics in the band of 230 to 280nm as the arcing ultraviolet light characteristics.

[0029] In step S2, it is determined whether arcing has occurred based on the collected infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity. For example, the temperature of the contact area between the carbon slide plate and the contact wire can be determined based on the data collected by the infrared thermal imager. When the infrared data indicates that the temperature of the monitoring area exceeds 100°C, it can be determined that arcing has occurred. Optionally or additionally, when the ultraviolet light detection sensor detects the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity, it can be determined that arcing has occurred.

[0030] In step S3, the duration and temperature of each arcing event are determined when arcing occurs. The duration of each arcing event refers to the duration of a single arcing event. For example, the detected spectral energy can be converted into electrical energy, and then the electrical energy can be compared with a set threshold value, and the moment when the electrical energy is greater than the threshold value is taken as the arcing start moment, and the moment when the electrical energy is less than the threshold value is taken as the arcing end moment, and the arcing end moment minus the arcing start moment is the arcing duration; at the same time, if the two consecutive continuous time intervals are less than the set minimum arcing time interval, the current single arcing duration is the sum of the adjacent durations; and if the two consecutive continuous time intervals exceed the set minimum arcing time interval, it is determined to be two arcing events. The arcing temperature can be determined in the following ways, for example, using an infrared thermal imager to collect an infrared image of the contact area between the carbon slide plate and the contact line, and preprocessing the collected infrared image, such as removing noise, adjusting image contrast, enhancing image brightness, etc., to improve image quality and provide conditions for subsequent feature extraction and recognition. Then determine the temperature distribution characteristics of the infrared image, extract the temperature distribution characteristics of the high temperature area with a temperature exceeding 100°C, and identify the highest temperature.

[0031] In step S4, it is determined whether the arcing is an over-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature. Over-limit arcing is defined herein as an arcing whose duration or temperature exceeds the set limit. The probability of surface electrical corrosion or damage of the pantograph carbon slide plate is high under the action of long-term or high-temperature electric sparks. Therefore, the present invention identifies over-limit arcing. Among them, when the duration of a single arcing exceeds 100ms, the arcing is determined to be an over-limit arcing in duration, and when the temperature of the arcing exceeds 150°C, the arcing is determined to be an over-limit arcing in temperature.

[0032] In step S5, the number and cumulative time of arcing exceeding the limit in a predetermined period are determined. The predetermined period can be set to one day, and the number and cumulative time of arcing exceeding the limit in duration or temperature on the same carbon slide of the pantograph in one day can be monitored.

[0033] In step S6, when at least one of the number of arcings exceeding the limit and the cumulative time reaches the set standard, an early warning is triggered. For example, in some embodiments, when the number of arcings exceeding the limit (arcing duration ≥ 100ms) on the same carbon slide board in a day exceeds 50 times, an early warning is triggered. Optionally or additionally, in some embodiments, when the number of arcings exceeding the limit (arcing duration ≥ 100ms) on the same carbon slide board in a day exceeds 5 times and the cumulative time sum of all arcings exceeding the limit is greater than 5s, an early warning is triggered. Optionally or additionally, in some embodiments, when the number of arcings exceeding the limit in temperature (temperature ≥ 150°C) on the same carbon slide board in a day exceeds 5 times and the cumulative time sum of all arcings exceeding the limit in temperature is greater than 15s, an early warning is triggered.

[0034] The method of the present invention can be used to give an early warning of abnormal arcing of the bow head, so as to facilitate timely maintenance and improve the safety of train operation.

[0035] The present invention also provides further diagnosis of the area where arcing occurs to achieve abnormal early warning.

[0036] Arcing is actually a process of rapidly releasing energy. During this process, the temperature between the contact network and the pantograph will rise sharply. Under the action of an arc of a certain intensity, the materials at both poles may undergo rapid deformation, changes in stress intensity, cracks, and continuous expansion of cracks. Since the process of arcing generating energy on the carbon slide material is short and extremely dense, the time for the deformation of the material surface is usually very short, and the thermal conductivity of the material is slow, which will lead to a large temperature gradient on the surface of the carbon slide and form extremely strong thermal stress, which will lead to relatively concentrated stress on the surface of the carbon slide, causing cracks or deformation of the carbon slide, posing a great threat to the driving safety of high-speed trains. Under the action of long-term or high-temperature electric sparks, the carbon slide will experience high temperature, electrical corrosion or damage on the surface, so it is necessary to monitor the wear of the carbon slide surface (especially the area where arcing has occurred) to troubleshoot and remind replacement.

[0037] To this end, in some embodiments of the present invention, the method also includes determining a target area of ​​the carbon skateboard where arcing occurs based on infrared data and / or arcing ultraviolet light characteristics, capturing an optical image of the target area, performing image analysis on the optical image to determine whether a set type of damage has occurred in the target area, and triggering an abnormal alarm when the set type of damage is detected.

[0038] Specifically, an infrared thermal imager can be used to collect infrared images of the contact area between the carbon slide plate and the contact line, and the collected infrared images can be preprocessed, such as removing noise, adjusting image contrast, enhancing image brightness, etc., to improve image quality and provide conditions for subsequent feature extraction and recognition. Then determine the high-temperature area of ​​the infrared image. For example, the area with a temperature higher than 100°C in the infrared image or the area with the highest brightness in the infrared image can be determined as the high-temperature area where arcing occurs. Then perform infrared image analysis to determine the position where the high-temperature area appears in the carbon slide plate, and use this position as the target area.

[0039] After the arc disappears (for example, when the temperature monitored by the infrared thermal imager is close to the ambient temperature or the ultraviolet light detection sensor no longer detects the arc ultraviolet light characteristics), the high-definition camera of the bow-net detection system is used to capture the visible light optical image of the target area, and the optical image is analyzed and identified to determine whether there is a set type of damage.

[0040] In some embodiments, the set type of damage may include a V-groove. The applicant has found that the depth of the V-groove has a great influence on the dynamic performance of the bow-net system. The V-groove is usually a V-shaped deep groove with a height difference of ≥3mm between the lowest point and the highest point within the range of ±50mm on both sides of the center line of the lowest point of the deep pit on the surface of the slide. Usually, when the depth of the V-groove is less than 2mm, it has little effect on the dynamic performance of the bow-net system; when the depth exceeds 3mm, the bow-net will be offline, which is easy to cause frequent offline arcing, affecting the current receiving quality and wear performance of the bow-net; as the depth increases, the impact becomes greater, so an early warning should be issued for maintenance. In order to improve the detection accuracy, the detection standard of the V-groove is increased to a height difference of ≥1.2mm within the range of ±10mm. The judgment of the V-groove early warning is mainly implemented based on the comparison of the size of the detected V-groove with the early warning standard value. For example, when the depth ≥1.2mm is detected in the target area of ​​the carbon slide and the edges on both sides of the opening of the groove are within 10mm from the center line of the lowest point of the groove, an abnormal wear alarm is triggered for maintenance. Through video image analysis, it is detected that the height difference is ≥1.2mm within the range of ±10mm from the lowest point of the V-groove of the carbon slide plate, and a V-groove is determined to be generated, and an early warning maintenance is issued.

[0041] In some embodiments, the set type of damage may include abnormal wavy lines. Image recognition can be performed on the optical image of the target area to determine whether a wavy curve appears. For example, when the height difference between the peaks and valleys of the concave and convex wavy lines within a range of 100 mm is ≥ 4 mm, an abnormal wear alarm is triggered for maintenance. In this case, fault factors such as local deformation of the contact network and the degree of freedom of the bow head can be checked to find out the cause of abnormal wear of the carbon slide plate.

[0042] The applicant has found through research that the wave-type abnormal wear is greatly affected by the temperature and relative humidity of the environment in which the carbon slide plate is used.

[0043] The decrease in ambient temperature will cause changes in air density, which will increase the fluctuation amplitude of the aerodynamic lifting force of the pantograph bow head, resulting in poor contact stability between the pantograph and the catenary. The decrease in ambient temperature will also increase the number of abrasive particles on the surface of the carbon slide plate, increase the diameter, and increase the temperature of the contact pair, thereby aggravating abrasive wear and arc erosion, causing abnormal wear of the carbon slide plate. The ambient temperature mainly has a great impact on the wear of the carbon slide plate of vehicles running on the ground and viaduct lines.

[0044] When the relative humidity of the operating environment is ≤32%, the wear of the carbon slide and the contact line will be abnormal. The wear of the carbon slide is 6 to 10 times the normal wear. At this time, the thickness of the lubricating film on the surface of the carbon slide is significantly reduced, the lubrication efficiency is reduced, the protective effect of the lubricating film on the surface of the carbon slide is reduced, and the roughness of the carbon slide increases, so the wear and arc erosion increase, the wear rate of the carbon slide surges, and the relative humidity of the environment is below this level for a long time. The wear rate will continue to increase, and a large number of furrows will be generated on the surface. Relative humidity mainly has a great impact on the wear of carbon slides of vehicles running on the ground and viaduct lines.

[0045] To this end, in some embodiments, the ambient temperature and relative humidity are used as wear detection judgment conditions, and by monitoring whether the ambient temperature and / or relative humidity exceed the threshold, combined with image detection, it is determined whether the wear surface has abnormal wave-shaped wear. The relative humidity and ambient temperature are collected by the temperature and humidity sensor installed in the pantograph detection system.

[0046] In some embodiments, when the monitored relative humidity is ≤32% and the duration is ≥270h, a wave-type wear warning is issued.

[0047] In some embodiments, when the monitored ambient temperature is ≤12°C and the duration is ≥270h, a wave-type wear warning is issued.

[0048] In some embodiments, when a non-through block drop with a block height exceeding 50% of the height of a single carbon bar or a through block drop with a lateral continuous length exceeding 15 mm and a depth ≥2 mm from the wear surface and a height exceeding 5 mm is detected in the target area, a pit abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0049] For example, the bow net detection system can be used to collect high-definition video images of the carbon skateboard in real time, analyze the imaging of the visible part of the carbon skateboard, and use the weakly supervised anomaly detection network in combination with the original model of the carbon skateboard to quantitatively analyze the pits and missing blocks. By performing real-time analysis on the imaging of the visible part of the carbon skateboard, pits, falling blocks, ablation, etc. caused by arcing, electric sparks, etc. are measured. During the detection, multiple dimensions of the front end face of the carbon skateboard model are set as judgment conditions. As long as they exceed a certain size range, an abnormal pit alarm will be prompted. For example, the abnormal pit alarm threshold of the carbon skateboard is as follows: 1) When the detection is non-penetrating block drop (≤20mm), and the block drop height is ≥50% of the height of a single carbon bar, the pit abnormality alarm is triggered; and / or 2) When the detection is a through block fall (≥25mm), the lateral continuous length exceeds 15mm, the depth from the wear surface is ≥2mm and the height is ≥5mm, the pit abnormality alarm is triggered.

[0050] In some embodiments, it is also possible to identify abnormal eccentric wear of the carbon slide based on visible light optical images. The carbon slide may be eccentrically worn due to uneven distribution of the contact network, jamming of the bow head spring, etc., which may cause the carbon slide to be unable to contact the power supply network horizontally, resulting in arcing and other problems, so eccentric wear detection is required. By measuring the height difference of the video images on both sides of the carbon slide, since the eccentric wear is mainly concentrated in the range of ±200mm~±300mm of the center line, the height values ​​on both sides are collected and compared with the middle value, and the difference in eccentric wear on both sides can be obtained. For the same carbon slide, the height measurement is performed within ±200mm~±300mm from the center line. When the difference between the mean height of both sides and the height value of the center line is ≥3mm, the carbon slide is judged to be eccentrically worn, and an eccentric wear warning is issued.

[0051] Optionally, in some embodiments, abnormal wear of the bow angle can also be identified based on visible light optical images. The abnormal wear detection of the bow angle can be carried out by real-time tracking and analysis of the video image of the bow head and bow angle with the help of the pantograph video data collected by the pantograph detection system, and the distribution vector similarity of the detection feature value and the wear value of the bow angle are compared with the preset standard value to determine whether there is abnormal wear of the bow angle. When the wear value of the bow angle exceeds 4mm compared with the initial standard value, or the distribution vector similarity of the bow angle feature value is less than 75%, and the total duration of a single day is ≥5 seconds, it is determined that the bow angle has abnormal wear or damage, and early warning maintenance is performed.

[0052] The carbon slide plate, under the action of high-temperature electric sparks, produces a large temperature gradient on the surface and forms extremely strong thermal stress, which in turn causes the surface stress of the carbon slide plate to be relatively concentrated, causing cracks in the carbon slide plate. Therefore, the area of ​​the carbon slide plate where arc erosion occurs is more fragile than other areas. When these areas are collided, they are prone to severe cracks and damage, and early warning or hard point inspection should be carried out in time.

[0053] To this end, in some embodiments, the acceleration of the carbon slide is detected, and the collision position of the carbon slide is determined when the acceleration satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The acceleration sensors on either side indicate that the longitudinal impact rate exceeds 80g, and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; The accelerometer on either side indicates that the lateral impact rate exceeds 50g and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; Determine whether the collision position appears in the target area. If the collision position appears in the target area, an abnormal impact damage alarm is triggered.

[0054] When there are foreign objects or hard spots on the ablated surface of the carbon skateboard, the longitudinal impact rate will be greater than 80g, and long-term impact will cause serious cracks and damage to the surface of the carbon skateboard. Since the upper surface width of the carbon skateboard is about 60mm and the height is about 25mm, the area of ​​the front end face that is subjected to impact is small, and the impact force of foreign objects and the power supply network directly acts on the front end face, the probability of collision and damage to the front end face is higher, and the impact is greater. According to the analysis of a large amount of fault data, when the lateral impact rate is greater than 50g and lasts for a long time, damage will occur on the front end face of the carbon skateboard. Therefore, the damage caused by the collision of the carbon skateboard can be warned by the longitudinal impact rate and the lateral impact rate respectively. The longitudinal direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the carbon skateboard, and the lateral direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the front end face of the carbon skateboard.

[0055] For example, the acceleration of the carbon slide plate can be detected by the acceleration sensor installed on the bow head of the bow net detection system, and the collision position can be determined by using the video data collected by the bow net detection system and the time of collision recorded by the acceleration sensor. By comparing whether the collision position appears in the target area, it is determined whether to issue an abnormal impact damage alarm. If the collision position appears in the target area, the abnormal impact damage alarm is triggered.

[0056] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting an abnormality of a pantograph head, characterized in that: include: Collect infrared data and arcing ultraviolet light characteristics of the area between the carbon slide plate of the pantograph head and the contact wire; Determining whether arcing has occurred based on the collected infrared data and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity; Determining the duration and temperature of each occurrence of the arcing when the arcing occurs; determining whether the arcing is out-of-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature; Determining the number and cumulative time of the excessive arcing within a predetermined period of time; When at least one of the number of times and the accumulated time reaches a set standard, an early warning is triggered.

2. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein determining whether arcing has occurred based on the collected infrared data and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity comprises: When the infrared data indicates that the temperature of the monitoring area exceeds 100° C. and the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity with a wavelength of 230-280 nm is detected, it is determined that arcing has occurred.

3. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein determining whether the arcing is an over-limit arcing based on at least one of the duration and the temperature comprises: When the duration of a single arcing exceeds 100 ms, the arcing is determined to be an arcing with an excessive duration; and / or When the temperature of the arcing exceeds 150° C., the arcing is determined to be an over-temperature arcing.

4. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the number of arcing times exceeding the limit exceeds 50 times in a day, an early warning is triggered.

5. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the number of arcing events exceeding the limit duration occurs more than 5 times in a day and the cumulative time of the arcing events exceeding the limit duration is greater than 5 seconds, an early warning is triggered.

6. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the temperature exceeds the limit and the arcing occurs more than 5 times in a day and the total accumulated time of the temperature exceeding the limit and the arcing is greater than 15s, an early warning is triggered.

7. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes determining a target area of ​​the carbon skateboard where the arcing occurs based on the infrared data and / or the arcing ultraviolet light characteristic quantity, capturing an optical image of the target area, performing image analysis on the optical image to determine whether a set type of damage has occurred in the target area, and triggering an abnormal alarm when the set type of damage is detected.

8. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When it is detected that a V-shaped groove with a depth exceeding 1.2mm within 10mm on both sides of the center line of the lowest point of the groove or a wavy curve with a height difference of more than 4mm between the peaks and troughs of the convex and concave wave line within 100mm appears in the target area, an abnormal wear alarm is triggered.

9. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When it is detected that there is non-through block falling in the target area with a block height exceeding 50% of the height of a single carbon bar, or through block falling with a lateral continuous length exceeding 15mm, a depth exceeding 2mm from the wear surface, and a height exceeding 5mm, the pit abnormality alarm is triggered.

10. The pantograph head abnormality detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The acceleration of the carbon slide is detected, and the collision position of the carbon slide is determined when the acceleration satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The acceleration sensors on either side indicate that the longitudinal impact rate exceeds 80g, and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; The accelerometer on either side indicates that the lateral impact rate exceeds 50g and the total duration in a single day exceeds 5s; It is determined whether the collision position appears in the target area, and if the collision position appears in the target area, an abnormal impact damage alarm is triggered.

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