A slab track adaptable to foundation deformation and adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of railway technology, and discloses a slab ballastless track and adjustment method that adapts to foundation deformation, comprising: a base, on which a limiting boss is cast; a prefabricated track plate, a long rectangular hole opened in the middle, and two limiting bosses embedded on both sides of the corresponding long rectangular hole; a cover plate, which covers the long rectangular hole; a stacked height adjustment layer, which is pressed between the base and the prefabricated track plate; a filling adjustment layer, which is pressed between the base and the height adjustment layer; a horizontal adjustment layer, which is pressed between the limiting boss and the long rectangular hole; and a plurality of anti-movement limiting plates, which are installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate to prevent the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally. The present invention solves the problem of insufficient deformation adjustment capacity of existing ballastless tracks when the offline foundation undergoes large deformation, and can be applied to the construction of ballastless tracks in complex geological sections and the treatment of defects caused by foundation deformation of operating lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway engineering, and more particularly to a slab ballastless track adaptable to foundation deformation and an adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Railway construction in dangerous and complex mountainous areas faces harsh challenges such as low oxygen levels in the plateau, large temperature differences, and numerous ultra-long tunnels. The conditions for track construction and maintenance are extremely poor. Ballastless track has the advantages of high stability, high smoothness, long service life, and less daily maintenance work, making it the preferred type of track structure.

[0003] Railways in dangerous and complex mountainous areas usually need to pass through complex geological sections such as high-altitude stress soft rock with large deformation, active fault zones, etc. The plate activities along some lines are intense, geological disasters occur frequently, and the risk of large foundation deformation is prominent, which can easily lead to track geometry exceeding the limit, structural damage and other defects, resulting in train speed restrictions or even suspension of operation. This is a forbidden zone for the laying of conventional ballastless tracks.

[0004] Conventional ballastless track types primarily include precast slab ballastless track types such as CRTS I, CRTS II, and CRTS III, as well as cast-in-place ballastless track types such as double-block, long-sleeper embedded, and elastically supported block. The structural design of CRTS II and CRTS III slab tracks, as well as double-block and long-sleeper embedded ballastless track, fails to consider the deformation and adjustment capabilities of the ballastless track bed. When foundation deformation occurs and fastener adjustment proves difficult, track geometry adjustments must be made by cutting the trackbed slab, base, or tunnel invert fill layer. This leads to lengthy repair times, high costs, and significant safety risks, as well as significant disruption to normal operations. Furthermore, over the course of long-term operations, CRTS II track slab arching deformation, double-block track slab cracking, and arching deformation have occurred. CRTSⅠ slab track and elastic support block ballastless track have certain vertical deformation adjustment capabilities, but still cannot meet the large vertical and horizontal adjustment requirements under conditions of large foundation deformation. In addition, during long-term operation, the CRTSⅠ slab track has suffered damage to the large-span beam end limit structure, empty hanging of elastic support blocks, and poor track geometry.

[0005] Therefore, the existing ballastless track structure is difficult to meet the needs of large vertical and horizontal adjustments of the track structure under conditions of large foundation deformation. How to develop a slab ballastless track and adjustment method that can adapt to foundation deformation and meet the needs of large foundation deformation adjustment is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a slab ballastless track and adjustment method that is adaptable to foundation deformation, so as to solve the problems of ballastless track structure construction and precise control of track unevenness under conditions of large offline foundation deformation. It is suitable for the remediation of defects induced by foundation deformation in new railway projects and operating lines under complex geological conditions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A slab ballastless track adaptable to foundation deformation, comprising:

[0009] A base, wherein a plurality of limiting bosses are cast and formed on the top surface of the base;

[0010] Prefabricated track plates, wherein the prefabricated track plates are multiple and butted end to end, and are all placed on the top surface of the base. A long rectangular hole is opened in the middle of each prefabricated track plate, and each two limiting bosses are embedded on both sides of the corresponding long rectangular hole. Support platforms are extended along the lower hole edges of the two opposite sides of the long rectangular hole.

[0011] A cover plate, the cover plate is embedded in the long rectangular hole and placed on the two support platforms, the cover plate is located between the two limiting bosses, the top surface of the cover plate is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated track plate, and the cover plate is provided with a lifting hole;

[0012] A height adjustment layer, wherein the height adjustment layer is a plurality of stacked layers and is press-connected between the base and the prefabricated track plate;

[0013] a filling adjustment layer, the filling adjustment layer being pressed between the base and the height adjustment layer;

[0014] a horizontal adjustment layer, the horizontal adjustment layer being pressed between the limiting boss and the long rectangular hole;

[0015] The anti-movement limit plate is a plurality of anti-movement limit plates installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and the lower end of each anti-movement limit plate extends downward to have a stop portion for stopping the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, it can be known that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation. When the track is adjusted in height, the cover plate is lifted out of the long rectangular hole to expose the long rectangular hole. The debris of the cleared horizontal adjustment layer can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole, which is convenient for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole and avoids the debris being difficult to remove in the narrow gap. Afterwards, lifting jacks are installed on both opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate, and the lifting jacks are used to lift the prefabricated track plate so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate and the height adjustment layer. When lowering, the height adjustment layer is taken out piece by piece using tools, and then the prefabricated track plate is slowly lowered using the lifting jack, and the horizontal adjustment layer is reinstalled. Then reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track; when adjusting the height, lift the prefabricated track plate to the set position, splice the new height adjustment layer and then re-insert it between the prefabricated track plate and the existing height adjustment layer, use the lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate, reinstall the horizontal adjustment layer, and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track; when the lowering capacity of the height adjustment layer is insufficient, the track can be lowered by thinning the filling adjustment layer, that is, the maximum range of track lowering adjustment can be achieved by the two-layer structure of the height adjustment layer and the filling adjustment layer; thereafter, anti-movement limit plates are installed on the two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and the stop portion of the anti-movement limit plate stops the height adjustment layer to prevent the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally;

[0017] When adjusting the track horizontally: lift the cover plate out of the long rectangular hole to expose the long rectangular hole, and the debris of the horizontal adjustment layer removed can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole, which is convenient for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole. Lifting jacks and transverse jacks are installed on two opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate, and the prefabricated track plate is lifted by the lifting jacks to make a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate and the height adjustment layer. The transverse jack is used to adjust it to the set position to the left or right, and finally the prefabricated track plate is slowly lowered by the lifting jack, and the new horizontal adjustment layer is reinstalled. Finally, the fasteners are reinstalled to fine-tune the track; thereafter, anti-movement limit plates are installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and the stop part of the anti-movement limit plate stops the height adjustment layer to prevent the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally.

[0018] Therefore, the slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation of the present invention achieves height adjustment of the prefabricated track plate by adding or reducing height adjustment layers, or directly thinning and filling adjustment layers, and achieves horizontal adjustment by replacing horizontal adjustment layers of different thicknesses, thereby greatly improving the height adjustment capability and lateral adjustment capability of the slab ballastless track structure, thereby solving the problem of insufficient deformation adjustment capability of the existing ballastless track when the offline foundation undergoes large deformation. It can be applied to the construction of ballastless tracks in complex geological sections and the treatment of diseases caused by foundation deformation of operating lines.

[0019] Moreover, the long rectangular hole on the prefabricated track plate can be limitedly inserted into the two limit bosses on the base, so that the limit bosses can provide horizontal limitation for the prefabricated track plate, greatly improving the structural stability of the prefabricated track plate installed on the base, avoiding large horizontal displacement of the prefabricated track plate, and improving the safety of the track; and anti-movement limit plates are provided on both sides of the prefabricated track plate, which can effectively avoid the lateral movement of the height adjustment layer under the long-term vibration of the train load, and further improve the stability of the track after adjustment; in addition, after the cover plate is embedded in the long rectangular hole, its top surface remains flush with the top surface of the prefabricated track plate, so that the top surface of the prefabricated track plate is flat, which can reduce the aerodynamic noise when the train passes at high speed, and also provide good walking conditions for the line inspection of the engineering technicians, avoiding bumps and tripping of the engineering technicians.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting holes for installing the anti-movement limit plate or the lifting jack are provided on the two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and a long strip adjustment hole is provided on the anti-movement limit plate, and the mounting bolt passes through the long strip adjustment hole and is screwed to the mounting hole.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the provision of the long strip adjustment hole facilitates the vertical adjustment of the anti-movement limit plate during installation, thereby accommodating the anti-movement adjustment of height adjustment layers of varying thickness. In other words, if the height adjustment layer is thicker, the anti-movement limit plate is adjusted downward to substantially block the entire height adjustment layer. If the height adjustment layer is thinner, the anti-movement limit plate is adjusted upward. Furthermore, the anti-movement limit plate shares the same mounting hole with the lifting jack, avoiding the need to drill a large number of holes in the prefabricated track plate, which would affect the structural strength.

[0022] Furthermore, an elastic isolation layer is adhered to the bottom end surface of the prefabricated track slab, and the height adjustment layer is pressed between the filling adjustment layer and the elastic isolation layer.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the provision of the elastic isolation layer can improve the overall elasticity of the prefabricated track plate, buffer the vibration impact of the train load on the height adjustment layer, and improve the durability of the height adjustment layer.

[0024] Furthermore, two elastic isolation layers are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate, which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole, and the length of the elastic isolation layer is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the prefabricated track plate.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that there are two elastic isolation layers, that is, two strip-shaped elastic isolation layers are selected instead of a whole elastic isolation layer that matches the entire bottom surface of the prefabricated track plate. This can reduce the material consumption of the elastic isolation layer and improve the economy of the ballastless track structure.

[0026] Furthermore, two height adjustment layers are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate, which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole, and the width of the height adjustment layer is aligned with the elastic isolation layer.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the height adjustment layer is arranged in strips, and when the track height is adjusted, the height adjustment layer can be taken out from both sides of the track respectively, avoiding the problem that the height adjustment layer is difficult to take out for height adjustment when it is arranged as a whole at the bottom of the track plate. At the same time, it can also reduce the material consumption of the height adjustment layer and improve the economy of the ballastless track structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the height adjustment layer is a high-strength extruded board or a polyurethane rigid foam board, and is connected longitudinally along the prefabricated track plate by a mortise and tenon structure.

[0029] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the mortise and tenon structure can splice multiple height adjustment layers into a whole, solving the problem that a single height adjustment layer may jump out under the vibration impact of the train load; moreover, there is a splicing seam between two adjacent height adjustment layers, which also facilitates the removal of the single height adjustment layer in the later stage, avoiding the problem that it is difficult to remove it from under the prefabricated track plate due to the use of a whole height adjustment layer.

[0030] Furthermore, the filling adjustment layer includes: a first pouring bag and a first pouring material poured into the first pouring bag, and the first pouring material is self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar; the level adjustment layer includes: a second pouring bag and a second pouring material poured into the second pouring bag, and the second pouring material is resin mortar or polyurethane resin.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the filling adjustment layer uses bagged self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar. During construction, a first pouring bag is placed under the prefabricated track slab, and the self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar is poured into the first pouring bag. The first pouring bag is then sealed, eliminating the need for formwork pouring. This greatly simplifies the construction process, and the constraint of the first pouring bag also prevents overflow of the self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar. When the filling adjustment layer is thinned, the track slab can be quickly lowered by opening the bag and directly removing a portion of the self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar. Therefore, the filling adjustment layer is bagged self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar, which can not only adjust the elevation deviation of the offline foundation during the construction phase, but also adjust the height of the track by changing the thickness of the filling adjustment layer. The horizontal adjustment layer uses bagged resin mortar or polyurethane resin. When foundation deformation occurs and horizontal adjustment is required, the second pouring bag and resin mortar or polyurethane resin are taken out as a whole, and the prefabricated track plate is adjusted left and right to the designed position. The new second pouring bag is replaced and the resin mortar or polyurethane resin is re-poured. The lateral unevenness of the track is adjusted by changing the thickness of the horizontal adjustment layer.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for adjusting a slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation, including a track height adjustment method and a track level adjustment method.

[0033] The track height adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps:

[0034] Step 1-1: Loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove them;

[0035] Step 2-1: Use a crane to lift the cover plate out of the long rectangular hole through the lifting hole, thereby exposing the long rectangular hole. Use a tool to remove the horizontal adjustment layer. The removed debris of the horizontal adjustment layer can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole, making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole.

[0036] Step 3-1: Install lifting jacks on both opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate, and use the lifting jacks to lift the prefabricated track plate so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate and the height adjustment layer;

[0037] Step 4-1: When lowering, use tools to remove the height adjustment layers piece by piece, then use the lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate, reinstall the horizontal adjustment layer, and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track;

[0038] When adjusting the height, the prefabricated track plate is lifted to the set position, the new height adjustment layer is spliced ​​and then re-inserted between the prefabricated track plate and the existing height adjustment layer, the prefabricated track plate is slowly lowered using a lifting jack, the horizontal adjustment layer is re-installed, and finally the fasteners are re-installed to fine-tune the track;

[0039] Step 5-1: When the lowering capability of the height adjustment layer is insufficient, the track can be lowered by thinning the filling adjustment layer, that is, the track lowering adjustment can be achieved by using a two-layer structure of the height adjustment layer and the filling adjustment layer;

[0040] Afterwards, the anti-movement limiting plates are installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and the stopper portions of the anti-movement limiting plates stop the height adjustment layer to prevent the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally;

[0041] The track level adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps:

[0042] Step 1-2: Loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove them;

[0043] Step 2-2: Use a crane to lift the cover plate out of the long rectangular hole through the lifting hole, thereby exposing the long rectangular hole. Use a tool to remove the horizontal adjustment layer. The removed debris of the horizontal adjustment layer can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole, making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole.

[0044] Step 3-2: Install lifting jacks and transverse jacks on two opposite sides of the prefabricated track slab, and use the lifting jacks to lift the prefabricated track slab so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track slab and the height adjustment layer;

[0045] Step 4-2: Use the lateral jack to adjust to the left or right to the set position, and finally use the lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate, reinstall the new horizontal adjustment layer, and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track;

[0046] Step 5-2: Install the anti-movement limit plates on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate, and make the stop parts of the anti-movement limit plates stop the height adjustment layer to prevent the height adjustment layer from moving out laterally.

[0047] Furthermore, the specific method of step 5-1 and step 5-2 is to pass the mounting bolt through the long strip hole and initially screw it into the mounting hole, then adjust the upper and lower positions of the anti-movement limit plate so that the stop part stops the height adjustment layer, and then tighten the mounting bolt to fix the anti-movement limit plate to the side wall of the prefabricated track plate.

[0048] Furthermore, after the anti-movement limit plate is installed, it is necessary to ensure that the lower edge of the stopper is located above the top surface of the filling adjustment layer.

[0049] The above adjustment method of the present invention achieves the following technical effects:

[0050] 1. The height adjustment capability of the ballastless track structure is significantly improved through the setting of the height adjustment layer and the filling adjustment layer, which can achieve a lowering amount of ≥80mm and a height adjustment amount of ≥100mm.

[0051] 2. The setting of the horizontal adjustment layer significantly improves the lateral adjustment capability of the ballastless track structure, and the horizontal adjustment amount can be achieved ≥50mm.

[0052] 3. It solves the problems of ballastless track structure construction and track unevenness control when large deformation of the offline foundation occurs. It can promote the laying of ballastless track on railways in complex geological sections and the treatment of diseases caused by deformation of the foundation of existing operating lines.

[0053] 4. By setting an elastic isolation layer at the bottom of the prefabricated track slab, the overall elasticity of the track structure can be improved, the vibration impact of the train load can be buffered, and the durability of the track structure can be improved.

[0054] 5. Anti-movement limit plates are set on both sides of the prefabricated track slab, which can effectively prevent the height adjustment layer from moving laterally under the long-term vibration of the train load, and further improve the stability of the track after adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0056] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a limiting boss of a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 A plan view of a prefabricated track slab for a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 A plan view of a prefabricated track slab with a cover plate attached to it for a slab ballastless track adaptable to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a cover plate of a slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation provided by the present invention in a height-adjusted state;

[0061] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation provided by the present invention in a lowered state;

[0062] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a slab ballastless track in a horizontally adjusted state that adapts to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 A plan view of a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation provided by the present invention, wherein multiple height adjustment layers are connected by mortise and tenon structures;

[0064] Figure 9 A plan view of a cover plate of a slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an anti-movement limit plate of a slab ballastless track that adapts to foundation deformation provided by the present invention being installed on the side wall of a prefabricated track slab. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] like Figures 1-10 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a slab ballastless track adaptable to foundation deformation, comprising:

[0068] The base 60 is cast on site with reinforced concrete, and a plurality of limiting bosses 61 are cast on the top surface thereof;

[0069] Prefabricated track plates 10 are multiple prefabricated track plates 10 butted end to end and placed on the top surface of the base 60. A long rectangular hole 11 is opened in the middle of each prefabricated track plate 10. Two limiting bosses 61 are embedded on both sides of the corresponding long rectangular hole 11. Support platforms 12 extend from the lower hole edges of the two opposite sides of the long rectangular hole 11.

[0070] The cover plate 20 is embedded in the long rectangular hole 11 and placed on the two support platforms 12. The cover plate 20 is located between the two limiting bosses 61. The top surface of the cover plate 20 is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated track plate 10. The cover plate 20 is provided with a lifting hole 21;

[0071] A height adjustment layer 40 , which is a plurality of stacked height adjustment layers 40 and is press-fitted between the base 60 and the prefabricated track plate 10 ;

[0072] A filling adjustment layer 50 is pressed between the base 60 and the height adjustment layer 40 ;

[0073] A horizontal adjustment layer 70 is pressed between the limiting boss 61 and the long rectangular hole 11;

[0074] The anti-movement limit plates 80 are multiple anti-movement limit plates 80 installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate 10. The lower end of each anti-movement limit plate 80 extends downward to have a stop portion 81 for stopping the height adjustment layer 40 from moving out horizontally.

[0075] The two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate 10 are provided with a plurality of mounting holes 13 for mounting anti-movement limit plates 80 or lifting jacks. The anti-movement limit plates 80 are provided with elongated adjustment holes 82, and mounting bolts 90 pass through the elongated adjustment holes 82 and are screwed to the mounting holes 13 for fixation.

[0076] An elastic isolation layer 30 is adhered to the bottom end surface of the prefabricated track slab 10 , and the height adjustment layer 40 is pressed between the filling adjustment layer 50 and the elastic isolation layer 30 .

[0077] Two elastic isolation layers 30 are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate 10 , which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole 11 , and the length of the elastic isolation layer 30 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the prefabricated track plate 10 .

[0078] Of course, in some embodiments, the prefabricated track slab 10 and the elastic isolation layer 30 are assembled in a track slab factory, which can ensure the bonding quality, reduce the workload on the construction site, and improve construction efficiency.

[0079] Two height adjustment layers 40 are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate 10 , which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole 11 , and the width of the height adjustment layer 40 is aligned with the width of the elastic isolation layer 30 .

[0080] The height adjustment layers 40 are high-strength extruded boards or polyurethane rigid foam boards, and are connected longitudinally along the prefabricated track slab 10 by mortise and tenon structures 41 .

[0081] The filling adjustment layer 50 includes a first pouring bag 51 and a first pouring material 52 poured into the first pouring bag 51. The first pouring material 52 is self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar. The leveling adjustment layer 70 includes a second pouring bag 71 and a second pouring material 72 poured into the second pouring bag 71. The second pouring material 72 is resin mortar or polyurethane resin. The thickness of the filling adjustment layer 50 is determined based on the expected amount of adjustment. When the adjustment amount is 80 mm, the thickness of the filling adjustment layer 50 should not be less than 100 mm. The thickness of the leveling adjustment layer 70 is also determined based on the expected adjustment amount. When the adjustment requirement is 50 mm, the thickness of the leveling adjustment layer 70 should not be less than 55 mm.

[0082] A slab ballastless track adjustment method adapted to foundation deformation includes a track height adjustment method and a track level adjustment method.

[0083] The track height adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps:

[0084] Step 1-1: Based on the track geometry measurement data (height, level, track direction, etc.) under large foundation deformation, calculate the deformation adjustment length and the height adjustment amount or height adjustment amount of each precast track slab; determine the specifications and number of height adjustment layers 40 based on the track height adjustment amount; then loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove the fasteners;

[0085] Step 2-1: Use a crane to lift the cover plate 20 out of the long rectangular hole 11 through the lifting hole 21, thereby exposing the long rectangular hole 11. Use a flat drill, a scraper, or other tools to remove the horizontal adjustment layer 70. The removed debris of the horizontal adjustment layer 70 can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole 11, making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole 11.

[0086] Step 3-1: Install lifting jacks on both opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate 10, and use the lifting jacks to lift the prefabricated track plate 10 so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate 10 and the height adjustment layer 40;

[0087] Step 4-1: When adjusting the height, use tools such as iron bars and steel rulers to reach into the gap between the prefabricated frame plate 10 and the height adjustment layer 40 to separate the height adjustment layer 40 from the elastic isolation layer 30 or the filling adjustment layer 50. Then, remove the height adjustment layers 40 piece by piece. Then, use the lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate 10, re-inject the horizontal adjustment layer 70, and finally re-install the fasteners to fine-tune the track.

[0088] When adjusting the height, the prefabricated track plate 10 is lifted to the set position, the new height adjustment layer 40 is spliced ​​and then re-inserted between the prefabricated track plate 10 and the existing height adjustment layer 40, the prefabricated track plate 10 is slowly lowered using the lifting jack, the leveling adjustment layer 70 is re-injected, and finally the fasteners are re-installed to fine-tune the track;

[0089] Step 5-1: When the lowering capability of the height adjustment layer 40 is insufficient, the track can be lowered by thinning the filling adjustment layer 50. That is, the track can be lowered by using a two-layer structure of the height adjustment layer 40 and the filling adjustment layer 50.

[0090] Afterwards, anti-movement limiting plates 80 are installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate 10, and the stopper portions 81 of the anti-movement limiting plates 80 stop the height adjustment layer 40 to prevent the height adjustment layer 40 from moving out laterally.

[0091] The track level adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps:

[0092] Step 1-2: Based on the track geometry measurement data (height, level, track direction, etc.) under large foundation deformation, calculate the deformation adjustment length and the horizontal adjustment amount of each precast track slab 10, and mark the left and right adjustment directions; determine the material quantity of the horizontal adjustment layer 70 based on the adjustment length range; then, loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove the fasteners;

[0093] Step 2-2: Use a crane to lift the cover plate 20 out of the long rectangular hole 11 through the lifting hole 21, thereby exposing the long rectangular hole 11. Use a flat drill, a spatula, or other tool to remove the horizontal adjustment layer 70. The removed debris of the horizontal adjustment layer 70 can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole 11, making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole 11.

[0094] Step 3-2: Install lifting jacks and transverse jacks on both opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate 10, and use the lifting jacks to lift the prefabricated track plate 10 so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate 10 and the height adjustment layer 40;

[0095] Step 4-2: Use the lateral jack to adjust left or right to the set position, and finally use the lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate 10, refill the new horizontal adjustment layer 70, and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track;

[0096] Step 5-2: Install anti-movement limiting plates 80 on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate 10 , and use the stopper 81 of the anti-movement limiting plates 80 to stop the height adjustment layer 40 to prevent the height adjustment layer 40 from moving out laterally.

[0097] The specific method of steps 5-1 and 5-2 is to pass the mounting bolt 90 through the long strip hole 82 and initially screw it into the mounting hole 13, then adjust the upper and lower positions of the anti-movement limit plate 80 so that the stop portion 81 stops the height adjustment layer 40, and then tighten the mounting bolt 90 to fix the anti-movement limit plate 80 to the side wall of the prefabricated track plate 10.

[0098] It should be noted that after installing the anti-movement limit plate 80, it is necessary to ensure that the lower edge of the stop portion 81 is located above the top end surface of the filling adjustment layer 50. The purpose of this setting is that since the filling adjustment layer 50 is in a perfusion bag, after perfusion, due to the fluidity of the slurry, the outer side of the filling adjustment layer 50 often exceeds the outer end of the prefabricated track plate. In this way, if the anti-movement limit plate 80 abuts against the outer end of the filling adjustment layer 50, it will not only make the anti-movement limit plate 80 difficult to install, but also bend outward by the filling adjustment layer 50, and then the anti-movement limit plate 80 with a bent outer side may be separated from the outer end of the height adjustment layer, and thus fail to achieve the anti-movement effect.

[0099] The present invention can solve the problems of ballastless track structure construction and precise control of track unevenness under conditions of large offline foundation deformation, and is suitable for the treatment of defects induced by foundation deformation in new railway projects and operating lines under complex geological conditions.

[0100] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0101] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A slab track adaptable to foundation deformation, characterized in that: include: A base (60), wherein a plurality of limiting bosses (61) are cast and formed on the top surface of the base (60); Prefabricated track plates (10), wherein the prefabricated track plates (10) are multiple and butted end to end, and are all placed on the top surface of the base (60); a long rectangular hole (11) is opened in the middle of each prefabricated track plate (10); each two limiting bosses (61) are embedded on both sides of the corresponding long rectangular hole (11); and support platforms (12) are extended along the lower holes on two opposite sides of the long rectangular hole (11); A cover plate (20), wherein the cover plate (20) is embedded in the long rectangular hole (11) and placed on the two support platforms (12), the cover plate (20) is located between the two limiting bosses (61), the top surface of the cover plate (20) is flush with the top surface of the prefabricated track plate (10), and a lifting hole (21) is provided on the cover plate (20); A height adjustment layer (40), wherein the height adjustment layer (40) is a plurality of stacked layers and is press-connected between the base (60) and the prefabricated track plate (10); a filling adjustment layer (50), the filling adjustment layer (50) being pressed between the base (60) and the height adjustment layer (40); a horizontal adjustment layer (70), the horizontal adjustment layer (70) being pressed between the limiting boss (61) and the long rectangular hole (11); Anti-movement limiting plates (80), the anti-movement limiting plates (80) being a plurality installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate (10), each anti-movement limiting plate (80) having a stopper (81) extending downward from the lower end thereof for stopping the height adjustment layer (40) from moving out laterally; A plurality of mounting holes (13) for mounting the anti-movement limiting plate (80) or the lifting jack are provided on both opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate (10); a long strip-shaped adjustment hole (82) is provided on the anti-movement limiting plate (80); and a mounting bolt (90) passes through the long strip-shaped adjustment hole (82) and is screwed and fixed to the mounting hole (13).

2. The slab track capable of adapting to foundation deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic isolation layer (30) is adhered to the bottom end surface of the prefabricated track plate (10), and the height adjustment layer (40) is pressed between the filling adjustment layer (50) and the elastic isolation layer (30).

3. The slab track capable of adapting to foundation deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two elastic isolation layers (30) are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate (10), which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole (11), and the length of the elastic isolation layer (30) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the prefabricated track plate (10).

4. The slab track capable of adapting to foundation deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two height adjustment layers (40) are provided along the transverse direction of the prefabricated track plate (10), which are respectively located on both sides of the long rectangular hole (11), and the width of the height adjustment layer (40) is aligned with the elastic isolation layer (30).

5. The slab track capable of adapting to foundation deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment layers (40) are high-strength extruded boards or polyurethane rigid foam boards, and are multiple and connected along the longitudinal direction of the prefabricated track slab (10) via mortise and tenon structures (41).

6. The slab track capable of adapting to foundation deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling adjustment layer (50) comprises: a first pouring bag (51) and a first pouring material (52) poured into the first pouring bag (51), wherein the first pouring material (52) is self-compacting concrete or polymer mortar; and the level adjustment layer (70) comprises: a second pouring bag (71) and a second pouring material (72) poured into the second pouring bag (71), wherein the second pouring material (72) is resin mortar or polyurethane resin.

7. A method for adjusting a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Including track height adjustment method and track level adjustment method, The track height adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps: Step 1-1: Loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove them; Step 2-1: Using a crane to utilize the lifting hole (21) to lift the cover plate (20) out of the long rectangular hole (11), thereby exposing the long rectangular hole (11), and using a tool to remove the horizontal adjustment layer (70), the debris of the removed horizontal adjustment layer (70) can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole (11), making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole (11); Step 3-1: Installing lifting jacks on both opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate (10), and using the lifting jacks to lift the prefabricated track plate (10) so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate (10) and the height adjustment layer (40); Step 4-1: When adjusting the track downward, use a tool to remove the height adjustment layer (40) piece by piece, then use a lifting jack to slowly lower the prefabricated track plate (10), reinstall the horizontal adjustment layer (70), and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track; When adjusting the height, the prefabricated track plate (10) is lifted to a set position, a new height adjustment layer (40) is spliced ​​and then re-placed between the prefabricated track plate (10) and the existing height adjustment layer (40), the prefabricated track plate (10) is slowly lowered using a lifting jack, the horizontal adjustment layer (70) is re-installed, and finally the fasteners are re-installed to fine-tune the track; Step 5-1: When the lowering capability of the height adjustment layer (40) is insufficient, the track lowering can be achieved by thinning the filling adjustment layer (50), that is, the track lowering adjustment is achieved by the two-layer structure of the height adjustment layer (40) and the filling adjustment layer (50); Afterwards, the anti-movement limiting plate (80) is installed on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate (10), and the stopper portion (81) of the anti-movement limiting plate (80) stops the height adjustment layer (40) to prevent the height adjustment layer (40) from moving out laterally; The track level adjustment method includes the following adjustment steps: Step 1-2: Loosen the rail fasteners within the adjustment range and remove them; Step 2-2: using a crane to utilize the lifting hole (21) to lift the cover plate (20) out of the long rectangular hole (11), thereby exposing the long rectangular hole (11), and using a tool to remove the horizontal adjustment layer (70), so that the debris of the removed horizontal adjustment layer (70) can fall into the exposed long rectangular hole (11), making it easier for workers to remove the debris from the long rectangular hole (11); Step 3-2: Installing a lifting jack and a transverse jack on two opposite sides of the prefabricated track plate (10), and using the lifting jack to lift the prefabricated track plate (10) so that there is a certain gap between the prefabricated track plate (10) and the height adjustment layer (40); Step 4-2: Use the lateral jack to adjust to the set position to the left or right, and finally use the lifting jack to slowly drop the prefabricated track plate (10), reinstall the new horizontal adjustment layer (70), and finally reinstall the fasteners to fine-tune the track; Step 5-2: Install the anti-movement limiting plate (80) on two opposite side walls of the prefabricated track plate (10), and make the stopper (81) of the anti-movement limiting plate (80) stop the height adjustment layer (40) to prevent the height adjustment layer (40) from moving out laterally.

8. The method for adjusting a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method of step 5-1 and step 5-2 is to pass the mounting bolt (90) through the long strip hole (82) and initially screw it into the mounting hole (13), then adjust the upper and lower positions of the anti-movement limit plate (80) so that the stop portion (81) stops the height adjustment layer (40), and then tighten the mounting bolt (90) to fix the anti-movement limit plate (80) to the side wall of the prefabricated track plate (10).

9. The method for adjusting a slab ballastless track adapted to foundation deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the anti-movement limiting plate (80) is installed, it is necessary to ensure that the lower edge of the stopper (81) is located above the top end surface of the filling adjustment layer (50).

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