Method and device for observing high blood flow rate

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for observing high blood flow rates. The method comprises: acquiring multiple frames of laser speckle images of a region to be observed; determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the region to be observed based on the laser speckle images of the region to be observed; acquiring system coherence parameters, and determining a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient of the region to be observed based on the system coherence parameters, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; determining a blood flow index matrix of the region to be observed based on the system coherence parameters, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient; and displaying a blood flow index distribution image of the region to be observed based on the blood flow index matrix. The method and apparatus for observing high blood flow rates provided by the present invention can effectively address the problem of limited measurable range of coronary blood flow rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomedical imaging, and in particular to a method and device for observing high blood flow rate. Background Art

[0002] Methods for imaging or measuring myocardial blood flow velocity primarily include PET-CT myocardial perfusion measurement, transit time flow measurement (TTFM), and optical imaging. PET-CT myocardial perfusion measurement, using 13N-NH3 or 15O-H2O as imaging agents, works by labeling blood components with radioactive substances and observing the distribution of radioactive blood within the myocardium to monitor the spatiotemporal evolution of myocardial blood perfusion. This technique offers high spatial resolution imaging and regional / global quantitative measurement capabilities, but suffers from poor immediacy and reproducibility, preventing continuous imaging observations. Furthermore, the high radiation exposure makes it difficult to observe continuously over a short period of time. Ultrasound-based TTFM, a time-difference flow measurement method for measuring the spatiotemporal evolution of myocardial perfusion, is primarily used during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It quantifies blood flow within the graft vessel, reflecting the increase in myocardial perfusion caused by revascularization. While it offers advantages such as rapidity, immediacy, and the absence of radiation, it lacks imaging capabilities. Furthermore, TTFM can lead to inaccuracies due to factors such as reverse blood flow. Therefore, both methods suffer from insufficient spatiotemporal resolution.

[0003] Optical imaging technology has provided new insights for observing and analyzing the temporal and spatial evolution of myocardial perfusion. This technology offers advantages such as no ionizing radiation, non-invasive measurement, and the need for contrast agent injection. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), in particular, has been widely used in both basic biological research and clinical studies, primarily for observing changes in blood flow rates in the retina, cerebral cortex, skin, and kidneys. The fundamental principle of LSCI is the dose-response relationship between laser speckle contrast and blood flow rate. Unlike the biological characteristics of blood flow in the aforementioned organs, myocardial coronary arteries are large in size, have high blood flow rates, and exhibit pulsatile characteristics—a wide range of blood flow rate variation. Therefore, an accurate dose-response relationship is crucial for obtaining real-time myocardial coronary blood flow rates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rates, aiming to solve the problem of limited blood flow rate variation rules in observing high blood flow rate areas in traditional technologies.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0006] Acquire multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed;

[0007] determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed;

[0008] Get system related parameters,

[0009] determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0010] determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0011] A blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed is displayed according to the blood flow index matrix.

[0012] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed based on a laser speckle image of the area to be observed includes:

[0013] traversing each of the laser speckle images frame by frame using a spatial sliding window, and determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images, so as to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed;

[0014] The speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in a time sequence is determined according to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, so as to determine a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

[0015] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, obtaining system coherent parameters includes:

[0016] Acquire multi-frame laser speckle images of any area in a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time;

[0017] determining an average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to a plurality of frames of the laser speckle images;

[0018] According to the average spatial speckle contrast of the area, the system coherence parameter is determined based on the following formula;

[0019] β≈K s 2

[0020] Where β is the system coherence parameter, K s is the spatial speckle contrast.

[0021] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium.

[0022] According to the present invention, a method for observing high blood flow rate is provided, which determines the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed based on the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; the method comprises:

[0023] determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix;

[0024] determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0025] Determine a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient based on the following formula according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast, and the system coherence parameter;

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0031] According to a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient includes:

[0032] Determine the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Alternatively, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0036]

[0037] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0038] The present invention further provides a device for observing high blood flow rate, which uses any of the above methods for observing high blood flow rate, including:

[0039] A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel;

[0040] A laser speckle imaging module, configured to obtain a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters;

[0041] a data processing module, configured to obtain a blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and preset rules; and

[0042] A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

[0043] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspheric lens, a light rod and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence.

[0044] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a fly-eye lens, and a secondary imaging lens pair arranged in sequence.

[0045] According to the device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser illumination module further includes a spatial filter arranged between the second reflector and the aspheric lens.

[0046] According to a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention, the laser speckle imaging module includes a combined lens, a narrow-band filter, a polarizer, and a high-speed charge coupler.

[0047] The method for observing high blood flow rates provided by this invention comprehensively considers the influence of system coherence parameters and dynamic scattering ratio coefficients. This method offers the advantages of no ionizing radiation, non-invasive measurement, and the absence of contrast agent injection. It can monitor in real time the spatiotemporal evolution of blood flow distribution characterized by high blood flow rates and their dynamic range. This method can be used to monitor and compare changes in myocardial perfusion before and after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, and is of great significance for the effective implementation of coronary artery surgery and the quantitative assessment of postoperative outcomes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 1 is a flow chart of a method for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 1 is a blood flow index distribution diagram in the first embodiment (rat carotid artery) of the method for observing high blood flow rate;

[0051] Figure 3 is a blood flow index distribution diagram in a second embodiment (in vivo rabbit myocardium) of a method for observing high blood flow rates;

[0052] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a laser illumination module in a device for observing high blood flow rate provided by the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0058] The following combination Figures 1-6 The method and apparatus of the present invention for observing high blood flow rates are described.

[0059] In view of the problem that traditional technology is limited in observing the changing pattern of blood flow rate in high blood flow rate area, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0060] S100, acquiring multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed;

[0061] S200, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed based on the laser speckle image of the area to be observed;

[0062] S300, obtaining system related parameters,

[0063] S400, determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0064] S500, determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0065] S600: Displaying a blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index matrix.

[0066] The present invention is suitable for observing areas with high blood flow rates, particularly myocardial or arterial blood flow rates. Taking myocardial blood flow rate as an example, a specific region of the myocardial vasculature can be selected as the area to be observed, and multiple laser speckle images of the area can be acquired. Data processing can then be used to obtain the spatial and temporal speckle contrast matrices of these images, along with system coherence parameters. The dynamic scattering component ratio coefficients of the area to be observed can then be obtained through data processing. This data can then be used to obtain a blood flow index matrix for the area to be observed, resulting in a blood flow index distribution image for the area to be observed. This allows for real-time monitoring of the blood flow index of the area to be observed based on the images.

[0067] The method for observing high blood flow rates provided by the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of system coherence parameters and dynamic scattering ratio component coefficients, and can obtain a relatively accurate blood flow index distribution pattern. This method also has the advantages of no ionizing radiation, non-invasive measurement, and no need for contrast agent injection. It can monitor in real time the spatiotemporal evolution of blood flow distribution characterized by high blood flow rates and the dynamic range of high blood flow rates. This method can be used to monitor and compare changes in myocardial blood perfusion before and after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, which is of great significance for the effective implementation of coronary heart disease surgery and the quantitative evaluation of postoperative effects.

[0068] Specifically, S200, determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed, includes:

[0069] S210, using a spatial sliding window to traverse each of the laser speckle images frame by frame, and respectively determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed;

[0070] S220 : Determine, based on the multiple frames of laser speckle images, the speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in a time sequence, to determine a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

[0071] The main methods for calculating the contrast of speckle images include spatial contrast analysis and temporal contrast analysis. The present invention combines these two methods to obtain a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix, respectively, which can reflect the properties of the speckle image in multiple dimensions. Spatial contrast analysis is used in S210. Taking the processing of a frame of laser speckle image as an example, it is first necessary to traverse the laser speckle image using a spatial sliding window. As the spatial sliding window slides, the speckle contrast of each region is calculated. This method can obtain a speckle contrast matrix for the processed speckle image. After sequentially processing n laser speckle images, n speckle contrast matrices can be obtained. Then, the corresponding elements at the same position in these n speckle contrast matrices are added and averaged to obtain the spatial speckle contrast at that position. The spatial speckle contrast calculated at all positions is combined to obtain the spatial speckle contrast matrix.

[0072] The method used in S220 is temporal contrast analysis, which calculates the contrast value by counting the original speckle data at the same pixel position in the time series. Specifically, it is necessary to calculate the speckle contrast at the same pixel of each frame of the speckle image, and then sum and average the multiple speckle contrasts to obtain the temporal speckle contrast at the pixel. Then, the temporal speckle contrast at each pixel is combined to obtain the temporal speckle contrast matrix. It should be noted that the speckle contrast is calculated according to the formula Just perform the calculation, which is the existing technology and will not be described in detail in the present invention.

[0073] Furthermore, S300, the acquiring of system coherent parameters includes:

[0074] S310, acquiring a multi-frame laser speckle image of any region of a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time;

[0075] S320, determining an average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to the multiple frames of the laser speckle image;

[0076] S330, determining a system coherence parameter according to the average spatial speckle contrast of the region based on the following formula;

[0077] β≈K s 2

[0078] Where β is the system coherence parameter, K s is the spatial speckle contrast.

[0079] It should be noted that when acquiring speckle images and performing subsequent data processing, the use of different systems or devices may result in certain errors in the results. Therefore, this application needs to obtain system coherence parameters to correct the error effects of different systems or devices on the test results.

[0080] First, a comparative example is selected. The present invention uses a static scattering medium as a comparative example. The static scattering medium can be made of scattering sheets of varying roughness, such as 120-mesh, 220-mesh, or 600-mesh scattering sheets, engineered scattering sheets, or glass substrates sandblasted with TiO2 powder or paint, though this is not a limitation. Next, an arbitrary area on the static scattering medium is selected, and multiple laser speckle images of that area are acquired. Based on these laser speckle images, the average spatial speckle contrast is determined. It should be noted that the average spatial speckle contrast can be obtained using a spatial speckle contrast matrix. This matrix is ​​first calculated using multiple laser speckle images, and then the average value of each element in the matrix is ​​added together to obtain the average spatial speckle contrast. Because the static scattering medium is a homogeneous medium, the average spatial speckle contrast can approximate the spatial speckle contrast of the entire area.

[0081] It should be noted that the spatial speckle contrast and system coherence parameters are related to the following formula:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] It can be understood that the exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium. In this way, in the above formula, x approaches 0, and the above formula can be rewritten as:

[0085] β≈K s 2

[0086] The above steps can be used to obtain system coherence parameters, which can be applied to subsequent data processing steps to correct the impact of the system on the test results.

[0087] Further, S400, determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed based on the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; comprising:

[0088] S410, determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix;

[0089] S420, determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix;

[0090] S430: Determine a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient based on the following formula according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast, and the system coherence parameter;

[0091]

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0096] It should be noted that when calculating the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix need to be used to calculate the average spatial speckle contrast and the average temporal speckle contrast, respectively. Both calculations are performed by adding the elements in the matrix to obtain an average value. In actual applications, due to the small size of the observed area, using the average spatial speckle contrast and the average temporal speckle contrast does not significantly affect the subsequent blood flow rate calculation; instead, it simplifies the calculation steps.

[0097] It should also be noted that by combining the formulas for spatial and temporal speckle contrast, we can derive the formulas for the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, spatial speckle contrast, temporal speckle contrast, and system coherence parameter. Since the average spatial speckle contrast, average temporal speckle contrast, and system coherence parameter have been calculated above, the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient for the area to be observed can be derived.

[0098] Specifically, S500, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient includes:

[0099] S510, determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] S520, or, determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient;

[0103]

[0104] Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

[0105] The present invention provides two methods for calculating blood flow index matrices. The first method uses a spatial speckle contrast matrix. By substituting each element in the spatial speckle contrast matrix into the above-mentioned formula for spatial speckle contrast, and then sequentially substituting the system coherence parameter and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient, the blood flow index value can be calculated. Substituting all elements in the spatial speckle contrast matrix into the above-mentioned formula and evaluating the values, a blood flow index matrix can be obtained. The second method uses a temporal speckle contrast matrix. By substituting each element in the temporal speckle contrast matrix into the above-mentioned formula for temporal speckle contrast, and then sequentially substituting the system coherence parameter and the dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient, the blood flow index value can be calculated. Substituting all elements in the temporal speckle contrast matrix into the above-mentioned formula and evaluating the values, a blood flow index matrix can be obtained. It should be noted that the two blood flow index matrices ultimately present almost identical patterns of blood flow variation. Therefore, in practical applications, either method can be selected for processing, and this is not limited by the present invention.

[0106] It should also be noted that after obtaining the blood flow index matrix, the matrix is ​​presented in the form of a two-dimensional image through software processing, that is, an image of the blood flow index distribution pattern can be displayed. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail in this invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 By determining the observation area on the rat carotid artery and rabbit myocardium, respectively, and applying the observation method provided by the present invention, different blood flow index distribution maps can be obtained in two embodiments. In summary, the method for observing high blood flow velocities provided by the present invention can be applied to observe blood flow velocities in high blood flow rate areas and has a good implementation effect.

[0107] Based on the above method, the present invention further provides a device for observing high blood flow rate, comprising:

[0108] A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel;

[0109] A laser speckle imaging module, configured to obtain a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters;

[0110] a data processing module, configured to obtain a blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and preset rules; and

[0111] A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

[0112] Furthermore, the present invention provides several embodiments of the laser lighting module, please refer to Figure 4-Figure 6 In a first embodiment, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspheric lens, a light rod, and a secondary imaging lens pair, arranged in sequence. In a second embodiment, the laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a fly-eye lens, and a secondary imaging lens pair, arranged in sequence. In a third embodiment, the laser illumination module further includes a spatial filter disposed between the second reflector and the aspheric lens. Furthermore, the laser speckle imaging module includes a combined lens, a narrowband filter, a polarizer, and a high-speed charge coupler.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for observing high blood flow rate, characterized in that include: Acquire multiple frames of laser speckle images of the area to be observed; determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed; Get system related parameters, determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; determining a blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient; displaying a blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index matrix; The obtaining of system coherent parameters comprises: Acquire multi-frame laser speckle images of any area in a static scattering medium within a preset exposure time; determining an average spatial speckle contrast of the arbitrary area according to a plurality of frames of the laser speckle images; According to the average spatial speckle contrast of the area, the system coherence parameter is determined based on the following formula; β≈K s 2 Determining a dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix and the temporal speckle contrast matrix; comprising: determining an average spatial speckle contrast according to the spatial speckle contrast matrix; determining an average temporal speckle contrast according to the temporal speckle contrast matrix; Determine a dynamic scattering component proportional coefficient based on the following formula according to the average spatial speckle contrast, the average temporal speckle contrast, and the system coherence parameter; Determining the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient includes: Determine the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the spatial speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient; Alternatively, the blood flow index matrix of the area to be observed is determined based on the following formula according to the system coherence parameter, the temporal speckle contrast matrix, and the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient; Among them, K s is the spatial speckle contrast, β is the system coherence parameter, ρ is the dynamic scattering component ratio coefficient, x is the blood flow index, T is the exposure time, τ c is the decoherence time of the scattering medium, K t is the temporal speckle contrast.

2. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix and a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed according to the laser speckle image of the area to be observed includes: traversing each of the laser speckle images frame by frame using a spatial sliding window, and determining a spatial speckle contrast matrix of each of the laser speckle images, so as to determine a spatial speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed; The speckle contrast of the same pixel of each speckle image in a time sequence is determined according to the multiple frames of laser speckle images, so as to determine a temporal speckle contrast matrix of the area to be observed.

3. The method for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exposure time is much shorter than the decoherence time of the static scattering medium.

4. A device for observing high blood flow rate, using the method for observing high blood flow rate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: A laser illumination module, used for providing illumination to the area to be observed on the surface of the blood vessel; A laser speckle imaging module, configured to obtain a dynamic speckle image of the area to be observed according to preset parameters; a data processing module, configured to obtain a blood flow index distribution matrix of the area to be observed according to the dynamic speckle image and preset rules; and A display module is used to display the blood flow index distribution image of the area to be observed according to the blood flow index distribution matrix.

5. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 4, characterized in that The laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, an aspheric lens, a light rod, and a secondary imaging lens pair, which are arranged in sequence.

6. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 4, characterized in that The laser illumination module includes a near-infrared laser, a first reflector, a second reflector, a fly-eye lens, and a secondary imaging lens pair, which are arranged in sequence.

7. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that The laser illumination module further includes a spatial filter disposed between the second reflector and the aspheric lens.

8. The device for observing high blood flow rate according to claim 4, characterized in that The laser speckle imaging module includes a combined lens, a narrow-band filter, a polarizer, and a high-speed charge coupler.

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