Polar plate for electrolytic bath for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water and electrolytic bath

Abstract

The invention discloses a polar plate for a water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolytic bath and the electrolytic bath, and belongs to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. Comprising a circular pole frame and a main pole plate, a plurality of liquid inlets are formed in the bottom of the pole frame, a plurality of liquid outlets are formed in the top of the pole frame, a plurality of main reinforcing ribs with different lengths are arranged on the main pole plate in the circumferential direction, and first flow channels distributed in the circumferential direction and second flow channels distributed in the non-circumferential direction are formed in the main pole plate through the main reinforcing ribs; and the straight line of the second runners at the left lower part and the right lower part of the main polar plate does not pass through the circle center of the main polar plate. And the width of the main reinforcing rib is the same as that of the first runner. And the main reinforcing ribs on the two side surfaces of the main polar plate are opposite to the first flow channels in position. The multiple main reinforcing ribs are distributed in a bilateral symmetry mode with the second flow channel in the vertical direction as the axis. According to the polar plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water and the electrolytic cell, the effects of uniform flow channels, low processing cost and low energy consumption can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, in particular to a polar plate and an electrolyzer for an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water. Background Art

[0002] The alkaline electrolyzer is the core of the alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment. It is generally composed of several to dozens of electrolysis chambers connected in series. Each electrolysis chamber is composed of components such as plates, electrodes, diaphragms and sealing gaskets. Among them, the plate is a very important supporting component in the alkaline electrolyzer. Its function is to conduct electrons, make the electrolysis current density on the plate more uniform, and at the same time reduce the contact resistance between the plate and the nickel mesh, increase the current density, and reduce the energy consumption of hydrogen production. The plates are located at both ends of a complete chamber structure, forming chambers for the flow of alkali in the cathode area and the anode area, realizing the diversion of cathode alkali and anode alkali, reducing the content of oxygen in hydrogen and hydrogen in oxygen to a certain extent, and ensuring the safe operation of the electrolyzer.

[0003] At present, the alkaline electrolytic cell plates in the prior art are generally welded by machined pole frames and stamped mastoid plates. The main disadvantages are that the airtightness at the welding points needs to be strictly controlled and tested, the nickel plating at the welding points is at risk of falling off after long-term operation, the stamping accuracy of the stamped mastoid plates is not high, resulting in unstable pole distance of the electrolytic cell, and the mastoid structure sizes at different places of the same plate vary greatly, which easily causes the risk of burning.

[0004] The one-piece processing method can solve the drawbacks of the traditional welded mastoid plate structure. The one-piece processing has high processing accuracy, ensuring that the contact surface between the plate and the electrode is very level, and there will not be a large number of contact breakpoints. However, there are also many challenges in the one-piece processing of the plate, such as high processing costs and poor uniformity of the flow channel inside the plate.

[0005] The surface of the main electrode plate inside the electrolytic chamber of the filter press electrolyzer is covered with spherical concave-convex structures (mipapillary plates). These concave-convex structures enable the electrode plates on both sides of the diaphragm to form reliable multi-point electrical contact in the form of "top to top". As many electrical contacts as possible can reduce the contact resistance of the components inside the chamber, but it will also cause problems due to processing errors, such as: the electrode is not fixed tightly enough, resulting in gaps in the assembly; the electrode is fixed too tightly, resulting in damage to the electrode plate. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrode plate for an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water with uniform flow channels and low processing cost.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water with uniform flow channels, low processing cost and low energy consumption.

[0008] Technical solution: The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water described in the present invention includes a circular electrode frame and a main electrode plate. The bottom of the electrode frame is provided with multiple liquid inlets, and the top of the electrode frame is provided with multiple liquid outlets. The main electrode plate is provided with multiple main reinforcing ribs of different lengths along the circumferential direction. The main reinforcing ribs form a first flow channel arranged circumferentially and a second flow channel arranged non-circumferentially on the main electrode plate. The straight line where the second flow channel is located in the lower left and lower right parts of the main electrode plate does not pass through the center of the main electrode plate.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the main reinforcing rib is the same as the width of the first flow channel.

[0010] Preferably, the main reinforcing ribs on both side surfaces of the main pole plate are arranged opposite to the positions of the first flow channels.

[0011] Preferably, the plurality of main reinforcing ribs are distributed bilaterally symmetrically with the second flow channel in the vertical direction as the axis.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of auxiliary reinforcing ribs are provided in the second flow channel which is radially arranged in the upper half of the main pole plate.

[0013] Preferably, the side surfaces of the main reinforcing ribs and the auxiliary reinforcing ribs in the length direction are chamfered.

[0014] Preferably, a dispersion hole is provided above the liquid inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the pole frame and the main pole plate are processed by integral molding.

[0016] The electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water of the present invention comprises two pole plates and two electrodes between the two pole plates, a diaphragm and an annular sealing gasket are arranged between the two electrodes, and the main reinforcing ribs on the two pole plates are staggeredly assembled with contact points with the electrodes.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) A circular flow channel that meets the actual operating conditions is designed according to the flow law of the gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the internal flow channel design is optimized to make the alkaline solution flow inside the electrode plate more uniform; (2) The electrode contact points are staggered and assembled. Compared with the top-to-top assembly method in traditional technology, while maintaining the rigidity of the electrode plate, the toughness of the electrode plate is improved and the electrode plate is protected from damage; (3) The electrode contact points are staggered and assembled to make the distance between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode closer, thereby reducing energy consumption and fixing the electrodes more tightly; (4) The electrode plate is processed by an integrated method such as turning or milling, which greatly reduces the processing cost, shortens the processing cycle, and reduces the processing workload; (5) The electrode plate is processed by an integrated method such as turning or milling, with high processing accuracy, simple processing, convenient assembly, and good airtightness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the electrode plate of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the electrode plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 An exploded view of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the alkali solution flow direction inside the plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to the present invention comprises a circular electrode frame 1 and a main electrode plate 2, the bottom of the electrode frame 1 is provided with a plurality of liquid inlets 3, the top of the electrode frame 1 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets 4, the main electrode plate 2 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of main reinforcing ribs 5 of different lengths, the main reinforcing ribs 5 form a circumferentially arranged first flow channel 6 and a non-circumferentially arranged second flow channel 7 on the main electrode plate 2, and the straight line where the second flow channel 7 located at the lower left and lower right parts of the main electrode plate 2 is located does not pass through the center of the main electrode plate 2.

[0024] The width of the main reinforcing rib 5 is the same as the width of the first flow channel 6 .

[0025] The main reinforcing ribs 5 and the first flow channels 6 on both sides of the main pole plate 2 are arranged in opposite positions, that is, the back side of the main reinforcing ribs 5 is the first flow channel 6 , and the back side of the first flow channel 6 is the main reinforcing ribs 5 .

[0026] The plurality of main reinforcing ribs 5 are distributed symmetrically with respect to the second flow channel 7 in the vertical direction as an axis.

[0027] A plurality of auxiliary reinforcing ribs 8 are provided in the second flow channel 7 which is arranged radially in the upper part of the main electrode plate 2 to enhance the strength of the electrode plate.

[0028] A dispersion hole 10 is provided above the liquid inlet 4 .

[0029] The main reinforcing ribs 5 and the auxiliary reinforcing ribs 8 are provided with chamfers 9 on the side surfaces in the length direction, which can control the flow direction of the alkali solution, so that the liquid flows in a dispersed manner with a more uniform flow rate.

[0030] The pole frame 1 and the main pole plate 2 are processed in an integrated manner.

[0031] The one-piece forming is one or both of lathing and milling. The one-piece plate adopts a circular flow channel and can be lathe-machined, which can reduce the cost and shorten the processing cycle compared with the traditional milling process; the second flow channel can be milled after lathing, and the processing amount can be greatly reduced.

[0032] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the electrode plate of the present invention is installed in an electrolyzer to form an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production electrolyzer, which includes two electrode plates 14 and two electrodes 12 between the two electrode plates 14, a diaphragm 11 and an annular sealing gasket 13 are arranged between the two electrodes, and the main reinforcing ribs 5 on the two electrode plates 14 are staggered in contact with the electrode 12.

[0033] The position of the main reinforcing rib 5 in contact with the anode electrode is called the anode electrode support point, and the position of the main reinforcing rib 5 in contact with the cathode electrode is called the cathode electrode support point. The anode electrode support point and the cathode electrode support point are staggered and are not at the same horizontal position. Staggered assembly of the electrode contact points makes the distance between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode closer, thereby reducing energy consumption, making the electrodes more tightly fixed, and reducing processing difficulty.

[0034] The main reinforcing ribs 5 and the auxiliary reinforcing ribs 8 are provided with chamfers 9 to play a buffering role and to better protect the electrode 12 when the interference is large.

[0035] The working process of the electrolytic cell of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the alkali solution inside the electrode plate. The alkali solution flows into the electrolytic cell from the pipeline, enters the electrode plate through the liquid inlet and the dispersion hole inside the electrolytic cell, and then is evenly dispersed to various parts of the electrode plate through the first flow channel and the second flow channel. When the power is turned on, water is electrolyzed in the alkali environment to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The generated gas flows with the alkali solution, flows out of the electrode plate from the liquid outlet, and then enters the downstream equipment separation system of the electrolytic cell through the pipeline. The straight line where the second flow channel 7 located in the lower left and lower right parts of the main electrode plate 2 does not pass through the center of the main electrode plate 2. When the alkali solution flows through this position, the problem of incomplete electrolysis reaction caused by uneven flow rate can be avoided. The flow direction of the alkali solution at the inlet is controlled by the angle and size of the chamfer on the reinforcing rib, and the distribution of the alkali solution flowing in from the alkali solution dispersion hole is controlled by the first flow channel at the upper part of the alkali solution inlet, and gradient regulation is performed.

Claims

1. An electrode plate for an electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water, comprising a circular electrode frame (1) and a main electrode plate (2), wherein the bottom of the electrode frame (1) has a plurality of liquid inlets (3), and the top of the electrode frame (1) has a plurality of liquid outlets (4), characterized in that: The main pole plate (2) is provided with a plurality of main reinforcing ribs (5) of varying lengths along the circumferential direction, the main reinforcing ribs (5) forming a circumferentially arranged first flow channel (6) and a non-circumferentially arranged second flow channel (7) on the main pole plate (2), and the straight line where the second flow channel (7) is located at the lower left and lower right parts of the main pole plate (2) does not pass through the center of the main pole plate (2).

2. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the main reinforcing rib (5) is the same as the width of the first flow channel (6).

3. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main reinforcing ribs (5) on both side surfaces of the main pole plate (2) are arranged in opposite positions to the first flow channels (6).

4. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of main reinforcing ribs (5) are distributed symmetrically with the second flow channel (7) in the vertical direction as an axis.

5. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of auxiliary reinforcing ribs (8) are provided in a second flow channel (7) arranged radially on the upper half of the main pole plate (2).

6. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main reinforcing ribs (5) and the auxiliary reinforcing ribs (8) are provided with chamfers (9) on the side surfaces in the length direction.

7. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersion hole (10) is provided above the liquid inlet (4).

8. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pole frame (1) and the main pole plate (2) are processed in an integrated manner.

9. The electrode plate for the electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-piece forming is one or both of lathe processing and milling processing.

10. An electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water comprising the electrode plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It comprises two pole plates (14) and two electrodes (12) between the two pole plates (14), a diaphragm (11) and an annular sealing gasket (13) are arranged between the two electrodes, and the contact points between the main reinforcing ribs (5) on the two pole plates (14) and the electrodes (12) are staggeredly assembled.

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