Underhand horizontal non-blasting mining method under type 7 shield support

Abstract

A kind of 7 type shield support under horizontal non-blasting mining method, belong to the technical field of ore body mining, it includes the following steps, S1, in the vein along the upper section in the tunnel, install 7 type shield support, 7 type shield support is from east side along the vein up mountain, start through joist series connection arrangement to west side along the vein up mountain;S2, after installation and arrangement are completed, from the middle position of along the vein to both ends, using rock drill to carry out retreating type slope rock drilling, according to the angle of 15 ° to both sides mining, mining to vertical height drops 1m, then, horizontal retreating type rock drilling 1m, during, shovel truck follows and carries out in and out slag operation, transports ore to ramp, then, through ore chute connecting channel, transports to ore chute, unloads to ore chute, until rock drilling to end only remaining body length about 4m, will rock drill in stope connecting channel, turns around, will end remaining 4m advancing type rock drilling.The present application simplifies the recovery process, can effectively improve the production efficiency of ore block, and lower the cost of ton ore.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ore body mining, and relates to an ore body mining method, in particular to a 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Most of the domestic metal and non-metal broken thin ore body mines adopt the ore drawing method, the wall cutting and filling method and other mining methods, and the mining methods all adopt the traditional blasting and ore drawing process, and have the problems of great support difficulty, low filling efficiency, great safety risk, low ore drawing efficiency, inability to continuously operate, high blasting cost, high dilution loss rate, inability to realize mechanization and intelligentization and the like.

[0003] In order to reduce the occurrence of the most important accident type, roof fall and rib fall, in the safety production management of non-coal mines, and improve the operating benefit index of the mine enterprises, it is necessary to provide a mining system and method using a special shield support, to solve the problems of great safety risk, frequent process conversion, low production efficiency and low degree of mechanization in the mining process.

[0004] The 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining method is jointly designed and invented by using a rock drill and the 7-type shield support, and can effectively solve the problems of great safety risk, frequent process conversion, low production efficiency and low degree of mechanization. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining method, to solve the technical problems of great safety risk, frequent process conversion, low degree of mechanization and low production efficiency in the production process of non-coal mines in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0007] A 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining system comprises an outside vein passage, an inside vein passage, a vein-penetrating roadway and a connecting passage, the inside vein passage is distributed in the vein, and is used for supporting and installing the 7-type shield support, drawing ore and ventilating;

[0008] The outside vein passage is distributed in the middle part of the long-wall ore body outside the vein and through each section of the long-wall ore body, and is used for equipment access, parking, personnel access to the stope safety passage, material transportation and ventilation;

[0009] The connecting passage is arranged at intervals in the height direction of the long-wall ore body, and the two ends are respectively connected to the inside vein stope and the outside vein passage.

[0010] The through-vein roadway is arranged at the upper end and the lower end outside the vein respectively, between the out-of-vein channel and the in-vein channel, and connects the out-of-vein channel and the in-vein channel.

[0011] The out-of-vein channel comprises an out-of-vein transportation roadway, a ore-drawing chute and an inclined ramp, the out-of-vein transportation roadway is horizontally arranged and comprises an upper-middle out-of-vein transportation roadway and a lower-middle out-of-vein transportation roadway, the upper-middle out-of-vein transportation roadway and the lower-middle out-of-vein transportation roadway are connected with the in-vein channel of the long-wall ore body through the through-vein roadway respectively;

[0012] The ore-drawing chute penetrates through each section of the long-wall ore body and forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal plane, and each section of the ore-drawing chute is connected with the inclined ramp respectively;

[0013] The inclined ramp penetrates through each section of the long-wall ore body, and the upper end and the lower end of the inclined ramp are connected with the through-vein roadway respectively.

[0014] The in-vein channel comprises an upper-middle along-vein roadway and an along-vein raise, the upper-middle along-vein roadway is horizontally arranged and extends along the strike direction of the long-wall ore body, and is connected with the out-of-vein channel through the through-vein roadway;

[0015] The along-vein raise comprises an east along-vein raise and a west along-vein raise arranged at the two ends of the long-wall ore body along the dip direction of the long-wall ore body respectively, the along-vein raise is arranged along the extension direction of the dip of the long-wall ore body and penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the long-wall ore body, and the upper end is connected with the upper-middle along-vein roadway respectively.

[0016] The through-vein roadway comprises an upper-middle through-vein roadway arranged at the upper end outside the vein and a lower-middle through-vein roadway arranged at the lower end outside the vein.

[0017] The communication channel comprises a stope communication channel and a ore-drawing chute communication channel, the number of the stope communication channel and the ore-drawing chute communication channel is multiple respectively and is uniformly distributed along the height direction of the long-wall ore body, the two ends of the stope communication channel are connected with the stope of the long-wall ore body and the inclined ramp respectively, and the two ends of the ore-drawing chute communication channel are connected with the inclined ramp and the ore-drawing chute respectively.

[0018] A non-explosive mining method of a downward horizontal type 7 shield support, comprising the following steps,

[0019] S1, arranging a type 7 shield support in the upper-middle along-vein roadway, and connecting the type 7 shield support from the east along-vein raise to the west along-vein raise through the joist in series;

[0020] S2, after the installation and layout is completed, from the middle position of the vein, a rock drill is used to retreat to drill the slope, mining to both sides at an angle of 15°, after the vertical height is lowered by 1 m, the rock drill retreats horizontally by 1 m, during which, a shovel-truck follows to load and unload the ore, and then transports the ore to the chute, and then to the ore chute, and then unloads the ore into the ore chute, until the rock drill is only about 4 m long at the end, the rock drill is turned around in the stope connecting channel, and the remaining 4 m at the end is drilled forward, the fallen ore is unloaded from the veins on both ends of the long wall ore body, and the 7-type shield support is lowered synchronously during downward drilling;

[0021] S3, when the two ends of the long wall ore body are mined down by 1 m, step S2 is repeated again from the slope bottom of the 15° slope in the vein, and step S2 is repeated twice based on step S2, finally making the 7-type shield support at the horizontal position lowered by 3 m, and the 7-type shield support at the middle position forming a 15° arch;

[0022] S4, the upper 7-type shield support is laid with about 1 m high waste rock from the upper middle vein roadway, after 2-3 times of laying, the 7-type shield support is stopped, a 2-3 m thick waste rock cushion layer is formed above the 7-type shield support, reducing the impact of rock collapse on the 7-type shield support in subsequent mining, and mining preparation is completed;

[0023] S5, a new stope connecting channel and a new ore chute connecting channel are excavated from the chute, the new stope connecting channel is parallel to the upper middle vein roadway, the height difference between adjacent stope connecting channels is 4 m, the new ore chute connecting channel is parallel to the upper middle vein roadway, the height difference between adjacent ore chute connecting channels is 8 m, after the stope connecting channel exposes the vein of the long wall ore body, the rock drill retreats downward to drill the 15° arch area, until the 15° arch area becomes horizontal, during which, the rock drill is still used to drill, unload and lower the shield support;

[0024] S6, after the arch area is mined, the entire horizontal vein is drilled down by 1 m, after being lowered by 1 m, the slope and the stope connecting channel are excavated again, and the drilling, unloading and shield support lowering are continued according to steps S2, S3, S5 and S6, until the 3 m cycle is completed, and then step S6 is repeated from the new stope connecting channel of the next section, and the cycle is repeated until the first layer of vein.

[0025] In steps S5 and S6, before the newly excavated connecting channel is put into production, the previous connecting channel needs to be sealed with a sealing wall to prevent the upper waste rock from being unloaded from the channel, and to increase the stress point of the 7-type shield support at the channel.

[0026] Every 8 m downward mining of the long wall ore body needs to excavate the ore chute connecting channel in the chute to connect the next layer point of the ore chute.

[0027] The mining and cutting engineering before the preparation of the mining field for formal mining adopts blasting construction, and the steps S1 to S6 along the vein mining adopt the non-blasting rock drilling machine;

[0028] The along-vein rise is arranged at the middle position of the end of the upper-middle section through-vein roadway, ventilation machines are arranged in the east along-vein rise and the west along-vein rise, and the ventilation mode in the mining field can be flexibly changed according to the mining direction of the rock drilling machine.

[0029] In the steps S5 and S6, the mining field communication passage can be constructed in advance, and each time the communication passage is arranged, the communication passage needs to be staggered with the previous two communication passages and not on the same vertical plane.

[0030] The 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining method has the advantages that the method provides a safe mining space for the mechanized mining using the rock drilling machine by designing the vein outside channel, the vein inside channel, the through-vein roadway and the communication passage, and the safety guarantee level of the mining system is improved. Meanwhile, the method fully utilizes the flexibility of the special 7-type shield support and the characteristics of the shovel-truck, adopts the mechanical mining mode to replace the blasting mining, greatly reduces the blasting cost and the labor cost, reduces the supporting difficulty and the risk coefficient in the mining process, simplifies the mining process flow, improves the mechanization level and the mining efficiency in the mining process, and can realize continuous operation, so that the production efficiency of the ore block can be effectively improved, and the ton ore cost can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a system main body structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of A-A direction; Figure 1

[0033] It is a local front view of B; Figure 3 Figure 2 It is a top view of C;

[0034] Figure 4 Figure 1 It is a bottom view of D;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a 7-type shield support main body structure schematic diagram used in the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a bottom view of D. Figure 5

[0037] ​​​The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Upper and middle section along the vein, 2. Upper and middle section through the vein, 3. Upper and middle section external transport roadway, 4. Lower and middle section through the vein, 5. Lower and middle section external transport roadway, 6. Inclined ramp, 7. Ore pass, 8. Stope connecting road, 9. East side along the vein uphill, 10. West side along the vein uphill, 11. Type 7 shield support, 12. Waste rock shield cushion, 13. Mining preparation stage, 14. Normal mining stage, 15. Collapse zone, 16. Ore pass connecting road. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a type 7 shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining system is used in a longwall ore body. Specifically, it includes an external channel, an internal channel, a cross-vein roadway, and connecting channels. The internal channel is distributed within the ore body and is used for support, installation of type 7 shield supports, mining, and ventilation. The external channel is distributed in the middle of the longwall ore body outside the ore body, penetrating each section of the longwall ore body, and is used for equipment entry and exit, parking, personnel access to and from the mining area, material transport, and ventilation. The connecting channels are spaced apart along the height of the longwall ore body, with both ends connecting the internal mining area and the external channel. The cross-vein roadways are located at the upper and lower ends outside the ore body, between the external and internal channels, connecting them.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the external channel includes an external transport roadway, a ore pass 7, and an inclined ramp 6 distributed along the length of the longwall ore body. The external transport roadway is horizontally arranged and includes an upper-middle section external transport roadway 3 and a lower-middle section external transport roadway 5. The upper-middle section external transport roadway 3 and the lower-middle section external transport roadway 5 are respectively connected to the internal channel of the longwall ore body through the cross-vein roadway. The ore pass 7 runs through each section of the longwall ore body and forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal plane. Each section of the ore pass 7 is connected to the inclined ramp 6. The mined ore is transferred to the ore pass through the inclined ramp 6. The inclined ramp 6 runs through each section of the longwall ore body, and its upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the cross-vein roadway.

[0041] The vein passage includes an upper and middle section vein roadway 1 and a vein incline. The upper and middle section vein roadway 1 is horizontally arranged and extends along the strike direction of the longwall ore body, and is connected to the vein passage through a vein-crossing roadway. The vein incline includes an eastern vein incline 9 and a western vein incline 10 respectively arranged along the dip direction of the longwall ore body at both ends of the ore body. The vein incline extends along the dip direction of the longwall ore body, penetrates the upper and lower ends of the longwall ore body, and the upper end is connected to the upper and middle section vein roadway 1.

[0042] The through-vein laneway comprises an upper middle section through-vein laneway 2 located at the upper end of the vein exterior and a lower middle section through-vein laneway 4 located at the lower end of the vein exterior.

[0043] The connecting passages comprise stope connecting passages 8 and ore pass connecting passages 16, the number of the stope connecting passages 8 and the ore pass connecting passages 16 is multiple respectively, and the stope connecting passages 8 and the ore pass connecting passages 16 are uniformly distributed along the height direction of the long wall ore body, the two ends of the stope connecting passages 8 are connected with the stope of the long wall ore body and the ramp 6 respectively, and the two ends of the ore pass connecting passages 16 are connected with the ramp 6 and the ore pass 7 respectively.

[0044] A mining method of a 7-type shield support downward horizontal non-blasting mining system, comprising the following steps,

[0045] S1, a mining preparation stage 13, 7-type shield supports are arranged in the along-vein laneway 1 in the upper middle section, and the 7-type shield supports are arranged in series through the joist from the east along-vein rise 9 to the west along-vein rise 10. It should be noted that the 7-type shield support used in the embodiment is a special support for metal and non-metal broken thin ore body mines, that is, the 7-type shield support 11, and the specific structure is as shown in Figure 5 ;

[0046] S2, after the installation and arrangement are completed, the back-type slope drilling is performed by using a rock drill from the middle position of the along-vein to both ends, and the mining is performed to both sides at an angle of 15°, and this mining method can ensure that the slope connecting passages can be arranged at intervals, thereby enabling the shovel truck to walk out of the slag. When the mining is performed to a vertical height of 1 m, the horizontal back-type drilling is performed by 1 m, during which the shovel truck performs the in-and-out slag operation, transports the ore to the ramp 6, and then transports the ore to the ore pass 7 through the ore pass connecting passage 16, and unloads the ore into the ore pass 7, until the rock drill is turned around in the stope connecting passage 8 when the drilling is performed to the end by 4 m, the front-type drilling is performed to the remaining 4 m, and the part of the ore is unloaded through the along-vein rises at both ends of the long wall ore body, and the 7-type shield support is lowered synchronously during the downward drilling;

[0047] S3, when the both ends of the long wall ore body are mined to a vertical height of 1 m, the step S2 is repeated again from the slope bottom of the 15° slope in the along-vein, and the step S2 is repeated twice on the basis of the step S2, so that the 7-type shield support at the horizontal position is lowered by 3 m, and the 7-type shield support at the middle position forms an arch with an angle of 15°.

[0048] S4, from the upper middle section along the vein 1 transport ore to the upper 7 type shield support height of about 1 m of waste rock, when complete 2-3 times, stop, 7 type shield support above 2-3 m of waste rock cover pad 12, in this embodiment, 3 times, 7 type shield support above the formation of 3 m of waste rock cover pad 12, to reduce the subsequent stoping rock collapse on the 7 type shield support impact, complete mining preparation;

[0049] S5, normal mining stage 14: from the ramp 6 excavation of new stope 8 and ore pass 16, the new stope 8 and the upper middle section through vein 2 between parallel, adjacent stope 8 between the height difference is 4 m, the new ore pass 16 and the upper middle section through vein 2 between parallel, the height difference between adjacent ore pass 16 is 8 m, that is, long wall ore body every 8 m downward mining, need in the ramp 6 through the excavation of ore pass 16 ore pass 7 to the next floor point through. It should be noted that the stope 8 can be constructed in advance, each time the stope 8 and the ore pass 16 need to be arranged to stagger with the upper two times of their own contact, not in the same vertical plane, in order to ensure the stability and safety of the whole system. After the stope 8 is exposed to the long wall ore body along the vein, the rock drill machine retreats downward in the 15° arch area, until the 15° arch area becomes horizontal, during which the method of drilling, mining and adjusting the frame is still adopted;

[0050] S6, after the arch area is mined, the whole horizontal vein is drilled down 1 m, after 1 m, the ramp 6 and the stope 8 are re-excavated, and the drilling, mining and adjusting the frame are continued to be recycled according to steps S2, S3, S5 and S6, until the 3 m cycle is completed, and then the step S6 is repeated from the new stope 8 of the next section, and the reciprocating cycle is continued until Figure 1 The first layer of veins is located in the bottom of the to-be-mined ore body and adjacent to the bottom of the to-be-mined ore body.

[0051] Further, in steps S5 and S6, after the new contact is excavated, the previous contact needs to be blocked by a blocking wall before it is put into production, so as to prevent the upper waste rock from being discharged from the contact and increase the stress point of the 7 type shield support.

[0052] It should be noted that all the cutting engineering before the stope mining preparation stage 13 is constructed by blasting, and the vein mining in steps S1 to S6 is non-explosive drilling by the rock drill machine;

[0053] Further, the vein rise is arranged at the middle position of the end of the upper middle section through vein 2, and the ventilation machine is arranged in the east vein rise 9 and the west vein rise 10. The ventilation mode in the stope can be flexibly changed according to the direction of the rock drill machine.

[0054] It is to be understood that the present application is described by way of example only, and that modifications or alterations can be made to the features and embodiments described without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In addition, modifications can be made to the features and embodiments described to accommodate specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather, the scope of the application includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A non-blasting mining method with a downward horizontal 7-type shield support, characterized in that: It includes the following steps, S1, Install Type 7 shield supports in the upper and middle section along the mountain roadway (1). The Type 7 shield supports are connected in series from the east side along the mountain roadway (9) to the west side along the mountain roadway (10). S2, after installation and deployment, starting from the middle of the vein, rock drills are used to perform backward slope drilling from both ends. They are mined at an angle of 15° to both sides. After the vertical height drops by 1m, they are then horizontally backward drilled for 1m. During this period, the loader follows to carry out slag loading and unloading operations and transport the ore to the inclined ramp (6). Then, it is transported to the ore chute (7) through the ore chute connecting road (16). The ore is unloaded into the ore chute (7) until the rock drills are completed to the end with only about 4m of the machine body remaining. The rock drills are then turned around in the mining area connecting road (8) and the remaining 4m of the end is drilled forward. The ore is removed and unloaded by the vein at both ends of the longwall ore body. During the downward drilling, the 7-type shield support is adjusted and lowered simultaneously. S3. After both ends of the longwall ore body have been mined down by 1m, step S2 is repeated again from the bottom of the 15° slope along the vein. Based on step S2, it is repeated twice more, so that the Type 7 shield support in the horizontal position is lowered by 3m, and the Type 7 shield support in the middle part forms a 15° arch. S4, transport ore from the upper and middle sections along the vein roadway (1) and lay waste rock with a height of about 1m on the upper 7-type shield support. After 2-3 times of laying, stop. A 2-3m waste rock shield cushion layer (12) is formed above the 7-type shield support to reduce the impact of rock collapse on the 7-type shield support during subsequent mining and complete the mining preparation. S5, from the inclined roadway (6), a new mining area connecting roadway (8) and a ore pass connecting roadway (16) are excavated. The new mining area connecting roadway (8) is parallel to the upper and middle section through-vein roadway (2). The height difference between adjacent mining area connecting roads (8) is 4m. The new ore pass connecting roadway (16) is parallel to the upper and middle section through-vein roadway (2). The height difference between adjacent ore pass connecting roads (16) is 8m. After the mining area connecting roadway (8) exposes the vein of the longwall ore body, the rock drill performs backward downward rock drilling on the ore body in the 15° arch area until the 15° arch area becomes horizontal. During this period, the method of drilling, ore extraction and frame adjustment is still adopted. After the arched area is mined out, the entire horizontal vein is lowered by 1m. After lowering by 1m, the inclined ramp (6) and the stope connecting road (8) are excavated again. The process of drilling, ore extraction and frame adjustment is carried out in steps S2, S3, S5 and S6 until the 3m cyclic descent is completed. Then, step S6 is repeated from the next segment of the new stope connecting road (8) until the first layer of vein is reached.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a non-explosive mining method of a 7-type shield support downward horizontal. In steps S5 and S6, after the new connecting tunnel is excavated and before production resumes, the previous connecting tunnel needs to be sealed with a sealing wall to prevent the upper waste rock from being unloaded from there, and at the same time increase the stress points of the type 7 shield support at that location.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a non-explosive mining method of a 7-type shield support downward horizontal. Every 8m of downward mining of the longwall ore body, it is necessary to connect the ore pass (7) to the next layer point by excavating the ore pass connecting road (16) in the inclined roadway (6).

4. The non-explosive downward horizontal mining method under the shield support of type 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mining and cutting engineering before the formal mining of the mining field is constructed by blasting, and the steps S1 to S6 are constructed by the rock drilling machine without blasting along the vein mining; The vein upraise is arranged at the middle position of the end of the upper-middle section through-vein roadway (2), and the ventilation machines are arranged in the east vein upraise (9) and the west vein upraise (10), and the ventilation mode in the mining field is flexibly changed according to the mining direction of the rock drilling machine.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a non-explosive mining method of a 7-type shield support downward horizontal. In the steps S5 and S6, the mining field communication passage (8) can be constructed in advance, and each time the communication passage is arranged, the communication passages of the previous two times are staggered and not in the same vertical plane.

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