River section form measurement method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and provides a river section form measurement method and system, a storage medium and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: collecting and processing data needed for measuring a river section form; extracting a waterline and a center line from data required for measuring the river section form; calculating a relative stability index of the section based on the center line and the waterline, and identifying a stable river reach in the river channel through the relative stability index of the section; dividing the stable river reach into a curved river reach and a straight river reach; giving elevation values to the waterline of the curved river reach and the waterline of the straight river reach by using data required for measuring the shape of the cross section of the river to obtain waterline elevation values; and measuring the river section form based on the waterline elevation value. According to the method, any section form of the river channel can be effectively constructed, the space-time limitation of measurement is broken, basic data support is provided for runoff monitoring, and an important basis is provided for large-scale flood process monitoring and water resource management decision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular relates to a method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment for measuring the cross-section morphology of a river channel. Background Art

[0002] In hydrological research and watershed management, river cross-sectional morphological data is the basic data for flow estimation, runoff monitoring, and hydrological process simulation. Traditional cross-sectional data collection mainly relies on manual measurement, drone monitoring, and unmanned boat underwater detection. Although these methods have high accuracy in local areas, they are highly dependent on the arrival of personnel and equipment on site. They are restricted by time, location, and traffic conditions, and are difficult to be effectively applied in remote areas or high mountain canyon areas with complex terrain. In these areas, the construction and maintenance of hydrological stations face many challenges such as high cost and limited resources, making it difficult to ensure the continuity and wide-area coverage of data within the basin. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment for measuring the cross-section morphology of a river channel.

[0004] A method for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of a river channel according to the present invention comprises:

[0005] Collect and process the data required to measure the cross-sectional morphology of the river;

[0006] Extracting the waterside line and the center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel;

[0007] Calculating a relative stability index of a cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identifying a stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section;

[0008] Dividing the stable river section into a curved river section and a straight river section;

[0009] Using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel, the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section are assigned elevation values ​​to obtain the elevation values ​​of the waterside lines;

[0010] The cross-sectional shape of the river channel is measured based on the water edge elevation value.

[0011] Further,

[0012] The data required to measure the cross-sectional morphology of a river include remote sensing image data, elevation data and measured data from hydrological stations.

[0013] Further,

[0014] The relative stability index of the cross section is calculated based on the center line and the waterside line, and the stable river section in the river channel is identified by the relative stability index of the cross section, including:

[0015] According to the measured data of the hydrological station, the center line and the water edge line, the intersection point of the cross section and the center line and the width of the water surface are obtained, and the intersection point of the cross section and the center line is recorded as the first intersection point;

[0016] Select the center lines of two adjacent times, merge the center lines of the two adjacent times, obtain the migration distance of the first intersection, record it as the intersection migration distance, and simultaneously obtain the intersection migration speed and the intersection migration acceleration;

[0017] calculating a relative stability index of the cross section;

[0018] Determining a threshold value based on the relative stability index of the cross section, wherein the threshold value is used to determine whether the river section is stable;

[0019] Determining a relative stability index of a river section based on the relative stability index of the cross section;

[0020] By comparing the relative stability index of the river section with the threshold, the river section is divided into a stable river section and a swinging river section, so that the stable river section is identified from the river channel.

[0021] Further,

[0022] The relative stability index of the section is calculated by the following formula:

[0023] RSIRR-G=β1s+β2v+β3a,

[0024] Wherein, RSIRR-G refers to the relative stability index; s refers to the intersection migration distance; v refers to the intersection migration velocity; a refers to the intersection migration acceleration; β1 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration distance; β2 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration velocity; β3 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration.

[0025] Further,

[0026] The coefficient of the intersection migration distance, the coefficient of the point migration speed and the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration are calculated by cluster analysis method, including:

[0027] The sections are grouped using a hierarchical clustering method to obtain a plurality of groups;

[0028] Calculating an average value of the intersection migration distances corresponding to the cross sections contained in each of the groups, using the average value of the intersection migration distances to calculate the sum of squares between the groups to obtain a first sum of squares, using the average value of the intersection migration distances to calculate the sum of squares of errors between the groups to obtain a first sum of squares of errors, calculating a ratio of the first sum of squares to the first sum of squares of errors to obtain a first ratio, and using the first ratio as a coefficient of the intersection migration distance;

[0029] Calculating an average value of the intersection migration velocities corresponding to the cross sections contained in each of the groups, calculating the sum of squares between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration velocities to obtain a second sum of squares, calculating the sum of squares of errors between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration velocities to obtain a second sum of squares of errors, calculating a ratio of the second sum of squares to the second sum of squares of errors to obtain a second ratio, and using the second ratio as a coefficient of the intersection migration velocity;

[0030] Calculate the average value of the intersection migration acceleration corresponding to the cross-sections contained in each of the groups, use the average value of the intersection migration acceleration to calculate the sum of squares between the groups to obtain a third sum of squares, use the average value of the intersection migration acceleration to calculate the sum of squares of errors between the groups to obtain a third sum of squares of errors, calculate the ratio of the third sum of squares to the third sum of squares of errors to obtain a third ratio, and use the third ratio as the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration.

[0031] Further,

[0032] The threshold value is determined based on the relative stability index of the cross section, and the threshold value is used to judge whether the river section is stable, including:

[0033] The maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index in each group are obtained, and the threshold is determined based on the maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index.

[0034] Further,

[0035] The threshold value is determined based on the relative stability index of the cross section, and the threshold value is used to judge whether the river section is stable, including:

[0036] The maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index in each of the groups are obtained, and a threshold is determined based on the maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index.

[0037] Further,

[0038] The relative stability index of the river section is determined based on the relative stability index of the cross section, including:

[0039] The average value of the relative stability indexes of all the sections in the river section is calculated, and the average value of the relative stability indexes of all the sections is used as the relative stability index of the river section.

[0040] Further,

[0041] The method of using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel to assign elevation values ​​to the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section to obtain the elevation values ​​of the waterside line includes:

[0042] For the straight river section, a fixed spacing is set, a perpendicular line is drawn to the center line according to the fixed spacing and intersects the perpendicular line with the waterside line, an intersection point of the perpendicular line and the waterside line is obtained, recorded as a second intersection point, a point where the second intersection point overlaps with an elevation point is obtained, recorded as a first overlapping point, and an elevation value corresponding to the elevation point is assigned to the first overlapping point to obtain a first elevation value;

[0043] For the curved river section, linear fitting is performed on the multiple elevation points in a direction perpendicular to the center line to obtain the continuous change range of the elevation value. At the same time, the points where the elevation points overlap with the waterside line are obtained and recorded as second overlapping points. Elevation values ​​are assigned to the second overlapping points in a linear fitting manner to obtain second elevation values.

[0044] Further,

[0045] The method of measuring the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value includes:

[0046] Based on the water edge elevation value, the measured data of the hydrological station and the water surface width, the elevation value of the cross section is measured under the water level conditions corresponding to different times by using a spatial interpolation algorithm or a spline interpolation algorithm;

[0047] The elevation values ​​of the section under the water level conditions corresponding to multiple times are integrated to generate the complete shape of the section.

[0048] A river channel cross-section morphology measurement system of the present invention is used to implement the above-mentioned river channel cross-section morphology measurement method, and the system comprises:

[0049] A collection module is used to collect and process the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel;

[0050] An extraction module, used for extracting the waterside line and the center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel;

[0051] An identification module, used for calculating a relative stability index of a cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identifying a stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section;

[0052] A division module, used for dividing the stable river section into a curved river section and a straight river section;

[0053] An assignment module is used to assign elevation values ​​to the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel, so as to obtain elevation values ​​of the waterside lines;

[0054] A measurement module is used to measure the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value.

[0055] A computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores a program or instruction. When the program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes the aforementioned river section morphology measurement method.

[0056] An electronic device of the present invention comprises a processor, which is coupled to a memory; the processor is used to read and execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the aforementioned river section morphology measurement method.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] The river water body morphology can be quickly and accurately extracted through remote sensing image data, and the water level and water edge change data at multiple time points can be combined to effectively construct the morphology of any cross section of the river. This technical means breaks the time and space limitations of traditional measurement methods, and provides a non-contact and efficient data collection method for difficult-to-access high mountain canyon areas, which significantly improves the spatial and temporal resolution of watershed monitoring and hydrological process research. It provides key basic data support for remote sensing-based runoff monitoring, and also provides an important basis for large-scale flood process monitoring and water resources management decision-making. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0060] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the river cross-section morphology measurement method of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the river cross-section morphology measurement system of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device of the present invention.

[0063] Description of reference numerals:

[0064] 201 - collection module, 202 - extraction module, 203 - identification module, 204 - division module, 205 - assignment module, 206 - measurement module, 301 - processor, 302 - memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a method for measuring the cross-section of a river provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0067] S101: Collect and process the data required to measure the cross-sectional morphology of the river.

[0068] Collect the data needed to measure the cross-sectional morphology of the river, including remote sensing image data, elevation data and measured data from hydrological stations.

[0069] For remote sensing image data, remote sensing image data within a specified time range are collected through satellites such as Landsat series, Sentinel series and Gaofen series to obtain multi-temporal images of the river in the study area at different times. Radiometric correction, atmospheric correction, geometric correction and other operations are performed on the multi-temporal images to ensure image accuracy and consistency, and provide accurate basic data for subsequent river channel analysis. For elevation data, elevation data within a specified time range are collected through satellites such as TOPEX / Poseidon, Envisat, CryoSat-2, ICESat series, Jason series, Sentinel-3 and Gaofen series. Elevation data includes elevation points and elevation values. Multiple elevation points along the direction of satellite orbit movement can be formed within one footprint, and each elevation point has a corresponding elevation value. For the measured data of the hydrological station, it includes the daily flow of the basin, water level data and large-section data.

[0070] Align the collection time of the remote sensing image data and the elevation data to ensure that the collection time of the two types of data is consistent; align the spatial positions of the remote sensing image data and the elevation data to ensure that the elevation points in the elevation data are in the remote sensing image data.

[0071] S102: Extract the waterside line and center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional shape of the river channel.

[0072] The following describes the extraction process of the waterside line and center line respectively:

[0073] 1. Waterside

[0074] Extract the river water morphology information from the remote sensing image data, and use the different bands of the remote sensing image data to calculate the water body normalization index through the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, NDWI refers to the normalized difference index of water body; n Refers to the green light band; NIR refers to the near infrared band.

[0077] Multiple water edges at different times are extracted based on the normalized water index.

[0078] 2. Centerline

[0079] Extract multiple centerlines at different times from remote sensing image data.

[0080] S103: Calculate a relative stability index of the cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identify a stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section.

[0081] The specific process is as follows:

[0082] S103-1: Based on the measured data of the hydrological station, the center line and the water edge line, the intersection point of the section and the center line and the width of the water surface are obtained by measurement. The intersection point of the section and the center line is recorded as the first intersection point.

[0083] S103-2: Select two center lines of adjacent time according to the measurement requirements, merge the two center lines of adjacent time, obtain the migration distance of the first intersection, referred to as "intersection migration distance", record the intersection migration distance as s, and correspondingly, record the intersection migration speed and intersection migration acceleration as v and a respectively.

[0084] S103-3: Calculate the relative stability index of the section.

[0085] The calculation formula is shown in formula (2):

[0086] RSIRR-G=β1s+β2v+β3a (2),

[0087] Wherein, RSIRR-G refers to the relative stability index; s refers to the intersection migration distance; v refers to the intersection migration velocity; a refers to the intersection migration acceleration; β1 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration distance; β2 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration velocity; β3 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration.

[0088] The values ​​of β1, β2, and β3 in formula (2) are determined by cluster analysis as follows:

[0089] Step 1: Use hierarchical clustering method to group the sections and obtain multiple groups.

[0090] When grouping the sections, the number of sections and the number of groups are first preset, and then the sections are grouped according to the preset number of groups. Specifically, the number of sections is N, and the number of groups is g. Preferably, g=3.

[0091] Step 2: Calculate β1, β2 and β3 by the following formula.

[0092] The calculation formulas are shown in formulas (3), (4), and (5).

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, F refers to the ratio of the sum of squares between groups to the sum of squares of errors between groups; SS(TR) refers to the sum of squares between groups; SSE refers to the sum of squares of errors between groups; g refers to the number of groups; n i Refers to the number of sections contained in a single group; Refers to the average index value of the sections included in a single group; Refers to the average index value of the sections included in all groups; Refers to the index value of a section in a single group.

[0097] Specifically, the average index value refers to the average value of the intersection migration distance, the average value of the intersection migration speed, or the average value of the intersection migration acceleration. The average value of the intersection migration distance, the average value of the intersection migration speed, and the average value of the intersection migration acceleration are all calculated by the average value.

[0098] Based on formulas (3), (4) and (5), the following processing is performed:

[0099] Substitute the average value of the intersection migration distance into formula (4) to calculate the sum of squares between groups to obtain the first sum of squares. Substitute the average value of the intersection migration distance into formula (5) to calculate the sum of squares of errors between groups to obtain the first sum of squares of errors. Calculate the ratio of the first sum of squares to the first sum of squares of errors according to formula (3) to obtain the first ratio F1. Use the first ratio F1 as the coefficient β1 of the intersection migration distance.

[0100] Substitute the average value of the intersection migration speed into formula (4) to calculate the sum of squares between groups to obtain the second sum of squares. Substitute the average value of the intersection migration speed into formula (5) to calculate the sum of squares of errors between groups to obtain the second sum of squares of errors. Calculate the ratio of the second sum of squares to the second sum of squares of errors according to formula (3) to obtain the second ratio F2. Use the second ratio F2 as the coefficient β2 of the intersection migration speed.

[0101] Substitute the average value of the intersection migration acceleration into formula (4) to calculate the sum of squares between the groups to obtain the third sum of squares. Substitute the average value of the intersection migration acceleration into formula (5) to calculate the sum of squares of errors between the groups to obtain the third sum of squares of errors. Calculate the ratio of the third sum of squares to the third sum of squares of errors according to formula (3) to obtain the third ratio F3. Use the third ratio F3 as the coefficient β3 of the intersection migration acceleration.

[0102] After β1, β2 and β3 are calculated, β1, β2 and β3 are substituted into formula (2) to calculate the relative stability index of the section. Since the intersection migration distance, intersection migration speed and intersection migration acceleration corresponding to each section are different, the relative stability index of N sections is finally calculated.

[0103] S103-4: Determine a threshold based on the relative stability index of the section, and the threshold is used to determine whether the river section is stable.

[0104] Through step S103-3, the relative stability indexes of N sections are obtained. Thus, for g groups, the maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index in each group can be obtained. The maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index are respectively recorded as RSIRR-G max,i and RSIRR-G min,i , i=1,2,......,g.

[0105] A specific value is manually selected between two adjacent groups as the threshold. Specifically, the threshold is in the interval [RSIRR-G max,i ,RSIRR-G min,i+1 ] is selected. If the interval is small, a constant close to a specific value in the interval is manually selected as the threshold.

[0106] S103-5: Determine the relative stability index of the river section based on the relative stability index of the cross section.

[0107] A river channel includes multiple river sections, and a river section includes multiple sections. The average value of the relative stability index of the sections included in a river section is calculated. The calculation formula is shown in formula (6):

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, It refers to the average value of the relative stability index of the sections included in a certain river section; n refers to the number of sections included in a certain river section; RSIRR-G K Refers to the relative stability index of a certain section.

[0110] S103-6: Divide river reaches into stable river reaches and meandering river reaches by comparing the relative stability index of the river reach with the threshold value.

[0111] Take the average value of the relative stability indices of the cross-sections included in a certain river reach as the relative stability index of the river reach, and judge the size relationship between the relative stability index of the river reach and the threshold value. If the relative stability index of the river reach is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is considered that the river reach is a meandering river reach; if the relative stability index of the river reach is less than the threshold value, it is considered that the river reach is a stable river reach.

[0112] S104: Divide the stable river reaches into meandering river reaches and straight river reaches.

[0113] Obtain the curve length and the straight-line length of the river reach, calculate the meandering degree of the river reach, and divide the stable river reaches into meandering river reaches and straight river reaches based on the meandering degree of the river reach. The calculation formula is shown in Equation (7).

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, r refers to the meandering degree of the river reach; L refers to the curve length of the river reach, with the unit of m; l refers to the straight-line length of the river reach, with the unit of m.

[0116] Classify the stable river reaches into the following categories according to the meandering degree classification system. Specifically: if r ≤ 1, it is a straight river reach; if 1 < r ≤ 1.2, it is a low-meandering river reach; if 1.2 < r ≤ 1.5, it is a medium-meandering river reach; if 1.5 < r, it is a high-meandering river reach. The low-meandering river reaches, medium-meandering river reaches, and high-meandering river reaches all belong to meandering river reaches.

[0117] S105: Use the data required to measure the cross-sectional shape of the river to assign elevation values to the water edges of the meandering river reaches and the straight river reaches to obtain the elevation values of the water edges.

[0118] For the straight river reaches, set a fixed spacing, draw perpendicular lines to the center line at the fixed spacing and intersect with the water edge to obtain the intersection points of the perpendicular lines and the water edge, denoted as the second intersection points. The elevation value corresponding to each second intersection point is the same as the elevation value corresponding to the elevation points falling on the perpendicular line. Based on this conclusion, obtain the overlapping points of the second intersection points and the elevation points, denoted as the first overlapping points, and assign the elevation value corresponding to the elevation points to the first overlapping points to obtain the first elevation value. Since the first overlapping points are located on the water edge, after assigning values to multiple first overlapping points, the first elevation value is indirectly assigned to the water edge.

[0119] For curved river sections, since the elevation value of the waterside line may be different from that of the center line, multiple elevation points are linearly fitted in a direction perpendicular to the center line to obtain a continuous range of elevation values. At the same time, the points where the elevation points overlap with the waterside line are obtained and recorded as second overlapping points. The second overlapping points are assigned elevation values ​​in a linear fitting manner to obtain the second elevation value. Similarly, after assigning values ​​to multiple second overlapping points, the waterside line is indirectly assigned a second elevation value.

[0120] After assigning the first and second elevation values ​​to the waterside, in order to ensure the integrity and uniformity of the waterside elevation data, multiple waterside ranges are set in a certain river section, and each waterside range is required to include at least two elevation values. In each waterside range, elevation points are interpolated at a fixed distance along the waterside to obtain the third elevation value.

[0121] The first elevation value, the second elevation value, and the third elevation value are all waterside elevation values.

[0122] S106: Measure the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value.

[0123] Based on the water edge elevation value, measured data of the hydrological station and the water surface width, the spatial interpolation algorithm or the spline interpolation algorithm is used to measure the elevation value of a certain section under the water level conditions corresponding to different times.

[0124] The complete shape of a certain section is generated by integrating the elevation values ​​of the section under the water level conditions corresponding to multiple times.

[0125] Since a river channel includes multiple river sections and a river section includes multiple sections, the above method can eventually generate the complete form of multiple sections, that is, the complete form of the river channel section.

[0126] It is worth noting that the section mentioned above refers to the section above the water surface and does not include the underwater part.

[0127] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a river section morphology measurement system, such as Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0128] The collection module 201 is used to collect and process the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel.

[0129] The extraction module 202 is used to extract the waterside line and the center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel.

[0130] The identification module 203 is used to calculate the relative stability index of the cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identify the stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section.

[0131] The division module 204 is used to divide the stable river section into a curved river section and a straight river section.

[0132] The value assignment module 205 is used to assign elevation values ​​to the waterside lines of the curved river sections and the waterside lines of the straight river sections using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel, so as to obtain the elevation values ​​of the waterside lines.

[0133] The measurement module 206 is used to measure the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value.

[0134] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned collection module 201, extraction module 202, identification module 203, division module 204, assignment module 205 and measurement module 206 correspond to steps S101 to S106 in the embodiment of the river section morphology measurement method. The examples and application scenarios implemented by the above-mentioned modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0135] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instruction. When the program or instruction is executed on a computer, the computer executes the river section morphology measurement method as described in the above method embodiment.

[0136] like Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including: a processor 301, the processor 301 is coupled to a memory 302, and the processor 301 is used to read and execute a computer program stored in the memory 302 to implement a river section morphology measurement method as described in the above method embodiment.

[0137] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the cross-section morphology of a river channel, characterized in that: include: Collect and process the data required to measure the cross-sectional morphology of the river; Extracting the waterside line and the center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel; Calculating a relative stability index of a cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identifying a stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section; Dividing the stable river section into a curved river section and a straight river section; Using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel, the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section are assigned elevation values ​​to obtain the elevation values ​​of the waterside lines; The cross-sectional shape of the river channel is measured based on the water edge elevation value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The data required to measure the cross-sectional morphology of a river include remote sensing image data, elevation data and measured data from hydrological stations.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The relative stability index of the cross section is calculated based on the center line and the waterside line, and the stable river section in the river channel is identified by the relative stability index of the cross section, including: According to the measured data of the hydrological station, the center line and the water edge line, the intersection point of the cross section and the center line and the width of the water surface are obtained, and the intersection point of the cross section and the center line is recorded as the first intersection point; Select the center lines of two adjacent times, merge the center lines of the two adjacent times, obtain the migration distance of the first intersection, record it as the intersection migration distance, and simultaneously obtain the intersection migration speed and the intersection migration acceleration; calculating a relative stability index of the cross section; Determining a threshold value based on the relative stability index of the cross section, wherein the threshold value is used to determine whether the river section is stable; Determining a relative stability index of a river section based on the relative stability index of the cross section; By comparing the relative stability index of the river section with the threshold, the river section is divided into a stable river section and a swinging river section, so that the stable river section is identified from the river channel.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The relative stability index of the section is calculated by the following formula: RSIRR-G=β1s+β2v+β3a, Wherein, RSIRR-G refers to the relative stability index; s refers to the intersection migration distance; v refers to the intersection migration velocity; a refers to the intersection migration acceleration; β1 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration distance; β2 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration velocity; β3 refers to the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The coefficient of the intersection migration distance, the coefficient of the point migration speed and the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration are calculated by cluster analysis method, including: The sections are grouped using a hierarchical clustering method to obtain a plurality of groups; Calculating an average value of the intersection migration distances corresponding to the cross sections contained in each of the groups, calculating the sum of squares between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration distances to obtain a first sum of squares, calculating the sum of squares of errors between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration distances to obtain a first sum of squares of errors, calculating a ratio of the first sum of squares to the first sum of squares of errors to obtain a first ratio, and using the first ratio as a coefficient of the intersection migration distance; Calculating an average value of the intersection migration velocities corresponding to the cross sections contained in each of the groups, calculating the sum of squares between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration velocities to obtain a second sum of squares, calculating the sum of squares of errors between the groups using the average value of the intersection migration velocities to obtain a second sum of squares of errors, calculating a ratio of the second sum of squares to the second sum of squares of errors to obtain a second ratio, and using the second ratio as a coefficient of the intersection migration velocity; Calculate the average value of the intersection migration acceleration corresponding to the cross-sections contained in each of the groups, use the average value of the intersection migration acceleration to calculate the sum of squares between the groups to obtain a third sum of squares, use the average value of the intersection migration acceleration to calculate the sum of squares of errors between the groups to obtain a third sum of squares of errors, calculate the ratio of the third sum of squares to the third sum of squares of errors to obtain a third ratio, and use the third ratio as the coefficient of the intersection migration acceleration.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The threshold value is determined based on the relative stability index of the cross section, and the threshold value is used to judge whether the river section is stable, including: The maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index in each group are obtained, and the threshold is determined based on the maximum relative stability index and the minimum relative stability index.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The relative stability index of the river section is determined based on the relative stability index of the cross section, including: The average value of the relative stability indexes of all the sections in the river section is calculated, and the average value of the relative stability indexes of all the sections is used as the relative stability index of the river section.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel to assign elevation values ​​to the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section to obtain the elevation values ​​of the waterside line includes: For the straight river section, a fixed spacing is set, a perpendicular line is drawn to the center line according to the fixed spacing and intersects the perpendicular line with the waterside line, an intersection point of the perpendicular line and the waterside line is obtained, recorded as a second intersection point, a point where the second intersection point overlaps with an elevation point is obtained, recorded as a first overlapping point, and an elevation value corresponding to the elevation point is assigned to the first overlapping point to obtain a first elevation value; For the curved river section, linear fitting is performed on the multiple elevation points in a direction perpendicular to the center line to obtain the continuous change range of the elevation value. At the same time, the points where the elevation points overlap with the waterside line are obtained and recorded as second overlapping points. Elevation values ​​are assigned to the second overlapping points in a linear fitting manner to obtain second elevation values.

9. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of measuring the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value includes: Based on the water edge elevation value, the measured data of the hydrological station and the water surface width, the elevation value of the cross section is measured under the water level conditions corresponding to different times by using a spatial interpolation algorithm or a spline interpolation algorithm; The elevation values ​​of the section under the water level conditions corresponding to multiple times are integrated to generate the complete shape of the section.

10. A river cross-section morphology measurement system, characterized in that: include: A collection module is used to collect and process the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel; An extraction module, used for extracting the waterside line and the center line from the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel; An identification module, used for calculating a relative stability index of a cross section based on the center line and the water edge line, and identifying a stable river section in the river channel through the relative stability index of the cross section; A division module, used for dividing the stable river section into a curved river section and a straight river section; An assignment module is used to assign elevation values ​​to the waterside line of the curved river section and the waterside line of the straight river section using the data required for measuring the cross-sectional morphology of the river channel, so as to obtain elevation values ​​of the waterside lines; A measurement module is used to measure the cross-sectional shape of the river channel based on the waterside elevation value.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the river section morphology measurement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a processor coupled to a memory; The processor is used to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement the river section morphology measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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