Propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, and discloses a propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment. The propelling compensation joint comprises a short joint shell, a transmission piston, a torque increasing module and a transmission module. The short section shell is provided with a hollow column cavity penetrating in the length direction of the short section shell. The transmission piston comprises a transmission end and a connecting end, the transmission end is inserted into the hollow column cavity, the transmission end is in sliding fit with the pup joint shell in the axial direction and is in rotation stopping fit with the pup joint shell in the circumferential direction, and the connecting end is exposed out of the pup joint shell; the torque increasing module is arranged in the hollow column cavity and used for converting kinetic energy of high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity into mechanical energy rotating in the axial direction. The transmission module is arranged at the end, away from the transmission piston, of the nipple shell, one end of the transmission module is in transmission connection with the torque increasing module, and the other end is used for being connected with a drill bit. The propelling compensation joint can be suitable for large-displacement horizontal well and ultra-deep well operation and is high in drilling speed and large in torque.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and specifically relates to a propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of oil exploration and development, shallow and easily exploitable oil and gas resources are becoming less and less. Seeking oil and gas resources in deep strata and complex geological conditions is gradually becoming an important task in current marine and land exploration and development. Deep hard rock usually exhibits properties such as high strength, high hardness, strong abrasiveness, severe heterogeneity and poor drillability during the drilling process. In the process of drilling large-reach wells in the ocean, as the length of the horizontal section increases, the friction torque of the drilling string continues to increase, showing insufficient torque transmission and difficulty in lowering the string. Existing rock-breaking tools and drilling methods generally have problems such as slow drilling speed, short drill bit life, long drilling cycle and high drilling cost, which directly restrict the drilling speed of deep wells and ultra-deep wells and the overall benefits of exploration and development.

[0003] In recent years, new technologies to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of drill bits are mainly reflected in cutting tooth technology and drill bit cutting structure design. Typical new technologies include conical polycrystalline diamond (PDC) teeth, 360° rotating PDC teeth, ridged PDC teeth and PDC-cone composite drill bits. In terms of auxiliary rock-breaking tools, people have designed and developed pulse jet decompression drill string short sections and pulse jet vibration tools, which have improved the drilling speed of PDC drill bits in deep formations and large-displacement horizontal wells to a certain extent. However, the key problem of slow mechanical drilling speed in large-displacement horizontal wells and ultra-deep wells is insufficient torque transmission and difficulty in running the drill string. Therefore, new technologies are still needed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment, which are used to solve the problems of insufficient torque transmission and difficulty in lowering the drill string in existing drilling equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a propulsion compensation joint, which is applied to drilling equipment. The propulsion compensation joint includes a short section housing, a transmission piston, a torque increasing module and a transmission module;

[0006] The short section housing has a hollow cylindrical cavity penetrating along its length;

[0007] A transmission piston, comprising a transmission end and a connection end, wherein the transmission end is inserted into the hollow column cavity, the transmission end forms a sliding fit with the short section housing in the axial direction, and forms a non-rotating fit with the short section housing in the circumferential direction, and the connection end is exposed outside the short section housing and is used for externally connecting a drilling pipe;

[0008] a torque increasing module, arranged in the hollow column cavity, the torque increasing module being used for converting the kinetic energy of the high pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity into mechanical energy of rotation around the axial direction; and

[0009] The transmission module is arranged at one end of the short section housing away from the transmission piston. One end of the transmission module is transmission-connected to the torque-increasing module, and the other end is used to connect to the drill bit.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] In some embodiments, a first guide portion extending in the axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity corresponding to the transmission piston, and a second guide portion extending in the axial direction is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission end;

[0012] The first guide portion and the second guide portion are concave-convex matched.

[0013] In some embodiments, the torque increasing module comprises:

[0014] a turbine mechanism rotatably arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity, for converting the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity into mechanical energy of rotation about the axial direction; and

[0015] The deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism is arranged at one end of the turbine mechanism away from the transmission piston. The input end of the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism is connected to the turbine mechanism, and the output end is connected to the transmission module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the turbine mechanism comprises:

[0017] A pressure bearing, arranged coaxially with the hollow cylindrical cavity; and

[0018] A turbine body, arranged on a side of the pressure bearing away from the transmission piston;

[0019] Wherein, the pressure bearing includes a first pressure cover and a second pressure cover which are axially aligned. The first pressure cover is abutted against or fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow column cavity, and the second pressure cover is fixedly connected to the turbine body.

[0020] In some embodiments, the speed reduction and torque increase mechanism includes at least two stages of planetary speed reduction assemblies connected in series;

[0021] The input end of the planetary reduction assembly at the first stage is transmission-connected to the turbine mechanism, and the output end of the planetary reduction assembly at the last stage is transmission-connected to the transmission module.

[0022] In some embodiments, the planetary reduction assembly comprises:

[0023] A gear ring, fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity;

[0024] A planet carrier, arranged in the ring gear;

[0025] A sun gear is arranged in the middle of the ring gear and is connected to the turbine mechanism or the planet carrier of the planetary reduction assembly of the previous stage through a transmission shaft; and

[0026] The planetary gear set is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier and meshes with the sun gear for transmission.

[0027] In some embodiments, the transmission module includes a transmission frame, a rolling column and a push elastic member, one end of the transmission frame is connected to the torque increasing module, and the other end is used to connect the drill bit, and the outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame is provided with a plurality of grooves, the groove depth direction of the grooves is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame, and the orientation of the notches of all the grooves is the same as the screwing direction of the drill bit;

[0028] Among them, the rolling column and the push elastic member are arranged in each of the grooves, one end of the push elastic member is connected to the bottom of the groove, and the other end is abutted against the cylindrical surface of the rolling column, which is used to drive the rolling column to extend toward the slot and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, the propulsion compensation joint further includes a reverse jet module, the reverse jet module is arranged at the other end of the transmission module and connected to the transmission module, and the reverse jet module is used to connect to the drill bit;

[0030] Among them, the inner cavity of the reverse injection module is connected with the hollow column cavity, and a nozzle is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the reverse injection module. The nozzle is connected with the inner cavity through a flow channel, and the angle between the injection direction of the nozzle and the screwing direction of the drill bit is an obtuse angle.

[0031] In some embodiments, the end of the transmission module is inserted into the inner cavity of the reverse injection module, and the end of the transmission module is also provided with a pressure-bearing elastic member;

[0032] When the transmission module compresses the pressure-bearing elastic member, the transmission module blocks the inlet of the flow channel, and when the transmission module releases the compression of the pressure-bearing elastic member, the transmission module releases the blockage.

[0033] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the second aspect of the present application provides a drilling device, including a drill bit and a propulsion compensation joint provided according to the above-mentioned first aspect;

[0034] Wherein, the drill bit is a composite drill bit of a center-cone type, and the top of the center-cone is higher or lower than the height of the peripheral-cone.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the propulsion compensation joint and drilling equipment provided by the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0036] The propulsion compensation joint provided by the present application, when used in drilling equipment for drilling operations, the transmission piston can drive the short section housing and internal components to rotate together, and because there is an axial displacement between the transmission piston and the short section housing, after the high-pressure drilling fluid (high-pressure fluid) enters the short section housing, on the one hand, the high-pressure fluid first passes through the torque increasing module, and the torque increasing module converts the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction to drive the drill bit to rotate, thereby increasing the torque when the drill bit breaks the rock, thereby achieving an increase in the drilling speed during the drilling process, thereby achieving deeper drilling and longer drilling of large-displacement wells; on the other hand, the high-pressure fluid will generate a forward thrust on the propulsion compensation joint, the transmission piston does not move, and the short section housing, torque increasing module and transmission module in the entire propulsion compensation joint will drive the drill bit to move forward, so that the cutting part of the drill bit is always in contact with the formation. In this way, the propulsion compensation joint provided by the present application can be applied to large-displacement horizontal wells and ultra-deep well operations, with high drilling speed and large torque.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a propulsion compensation joint provided for the implementation of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the propulsion compensation joint with the drill bit installed is shown;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the propulsion compensation joint along its own axis;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The thrust compensation section shown hides the schematic diagram of the internal structure of the short section housing;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial exploded schematic diagram of the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism in the propulsion compensation section is shown;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the transmission module in the propulsion compensation section is shown;

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0046] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a drill bit provided for the implementation of the present application.

[0047] Description of Reference Numerals

[0048] 10. Propulsion compensation joint; 20. Drill bit;

[0049] 100, short section housing; 110, hollow column cavity; 120, first guide portion;

[0050] 200, transmission piston; 210, transmission end; 211, second guide portion; 220, connection end;

[0051] 300, torque increasing module; 310, turbine mechanism; 311, pressure bearing; 3110, first pressure bearing cover; 3111, second pressure bearing cover; 3112, ball bearing; 312, turbine body; 320, speed reducing torque increasing mechanism; 320a, planetary speed reducing assembly; 321, ring gear; 322, planet carrier; 323, sun gear; 324, planetary gear set;

[0052] 400, transmission module; 410, transmission frame; 411, groove; 420, rolling column; 430, push elastic member; 440, pressure-bearing elastic member;

[0053] 500, reverse injection module; 510, inner cavity; 520, nozzle; 530, flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The specific implementations described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0056] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0057] Example

[0058] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The present embodiment provides a propulsion compensation joint 10, and more particularly, relates to a turbo torque booster propulsion compensation joint 10. The propulsion compensation joint 10 can be applied to drilling equipment to perform deep well, ultra-deep well, offshore large displacement well and other drilling operations, and is helpful in seeking oil and gas resources in deep formations and complex geological conditions.

[0059] Please also read Figure 3 and Figure 4 The propulsion compensation joint 10 provided in this embodiment includes: a short joint housing 100, a transmission piston 200, a torque increasing module 300 and a transmission module 400. The short joint housing 100 has a hollow column cavity 110 penetrating along its length direction; the transmission piston 200, the torque increasing module 300 and the transmission module 400 are arranged in the hollow column cavity 110 in sequence.

[0060] The transmission piston 200 includes a transmission end 210 and a connection end 220. The transmission end 210 is inserted into the hollow column cavity 110. The transmission end 210 forms a sliding fit with the short section housing 100 in the axial direction and forms a non-rotating fit with the short section housing 100 in the circumferential direction. The connection end 220 is exposed outside the short section housing 100 and is used to connect the drilling pipe. In this way, the transmission piston 200 can slide axially relative to the short section housing 100, and the transmission piston 200 can transmit the rotational motion to the short section housing 100 to drive the short section housing 100 to rotate synchronously.

[0061] The torque increasing module 300 is arranged in the hollow column cavity 110, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity 110 into mechanical energy for axial rotation. It is understandable that during drilling operations, it is necessary to input high-pressure fluid (high-pressure drilling fluid) into the drilling pipe, so that the high-pressure fluid will enter the hollow column cavity 110 of the short sub housing 100.

[0062] The transmission module 400 is arranged at one end of the short section housing 100 away from the transmission piston 200, one end of the transmission module 400 is transmission-connected to the torque increasing module 300, and the other end is used to connect the drill bit 20. The transmission module 400 can transmit the torque input by the transmission piston 200 and the torque of the torque increasing module 300 to the drill bit 20, thereby driving the drill bit 20 to rotate.

[0063] Therefore, when the propulsion compensation joint 10 provided in the present embodiment is used in drilling equipment for drilling operations, the transmission piston 200 can drive the short section housing 100 and the internal components to rotate together, and because there is an axial displacement between the transmission piston 200 and the short section housing 100, after the high-pressure fluid enters the short section housing 100, on the one hand, the high-pressure fluid first passes through the torque increasing module 300, and the torque increasing module 300 converts the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid into mechanical energy rotating around the axial direction to drive the drill bit 20 to rotate, thereby increasing the torque of the drill bit 20 when breaking rocks, thereby achieving an increase in the drilling speed during the drilling process, thereby achieving deeper drilling and longer drilling of large-displacement wells; on the other hand, the high-pressure fluid will generate a forward thrust on the propulsion compensation joint 10, the transmission piston 200 does not move, and the short section housing 100, the torque increasing module 300 and the transmission module 400 in the entire propulsion compensation joint 10 will drive the drill bit 20 to move forward, so that the cutting part of the drill bit 20 is always in contact with the formation. Thus, the propulsion compensation joint 10 provided in this embodiment can be applied to large-displacement horizontal wells and ultra-deep well operations, with high drilling speed and high torque.

[0064] In order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the present application, the propulsion compensation node 10 provided in this embodiment is described in detail below.

[0065] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 A first guide portion 120 extending axially is provided on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity 110 corresponding to the transmission piston 200, and a second guide portion 211 extending axially is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission end 210; the first guide portion 120 and the second guide portion 211 are concave-convex matched.

[0066] Specifically, the first guide portion 120 can be a slide groove of the groove 411 structure, and the second guide portion 211 can be designed as a protruding slide rail or slider. Of course, in some embodiments, the second guide portion 211 can be a slide groove of the groove 411 structure, and the first guide portion 120 can be designed as a protruding slide rail or slider.

[0067] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The torque increasing module 300 includes a turbine mechanism 310 and a deceleration torque increasing mechanism 320. The turbine mechanism 310 is rotatably arranged in the hollow column cavity 110, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity 110 into mechanical energy for axial rotation. The deceleration torque increasing mechanism 320 is arranged at one end of the turbine mechanism 310 away from the transmission piston 200, and the input end of the deceleration torque increasing mechanism 320 is connected to the turbine mechanism 310, and the output end is connected to the transmission module 400.

[0068] Specifically, the turbine mechanism 310 includes a pressure bearing 311 and a turbine body 312. The pressure bearing 311 is coaxially arranged with the hollow column cavity 110. The pressure bearing 311 includes two opposedly arranged first pressure covers 3110 and second pressure covers 3111, and a ball bearing 3112 is provided between the first pressure cover 3110 and the second pressure cover 3111.

[0069] The turbine body 312 is arranged on the side of the pressure bearing 311 away from the transmission piston 200. The first pressure bearing cover 3110 in the pressure bearing 311 is abutted against or fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow column cavity 110. In this embodiment, a fixed connection is adopted. The second pressure bearing cover 3111 is fixedly connected to the turbine body 312. Among them, the fixed connection method includes welding or bolt screw connection.

[0070] It is understandable that the purpose of designing the torque increasing module 300 in this way is to reduce the friction between the rotating structure inside the short sub housing 100 and the short sub housing 100, so as to realize the relative rotation between the turbine mechanism 310 and the short sub housing 100. When the drilling fluid flows through the turbine mechanism 310, the turbine blades of the turbine body 312 can convert part of the drilling fluid energy into rotational mechanical energy, thereby driving the subsequent deceleration and torque increasing mechanism 320 to rotate.

[0071] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The above-mentioned speed reduction and torque increase mechanism 320 includes at least two stages of planetary speed reduction assemblies 320a connected in series. In this embodiment, in order to more clearly describe the technical solution of the present application, a two-stage planetary speed reduction assembly 320a is used as an example for illustration. Of course, in some embodiments, the planetary speed reduction assembly 320a can also adopt three stages, four stages or other orders of magnitude.

[0072] The input end of the planetary reduction assembly 320 a at the first stage is transmission-connected to the turbine mechanism 310 , and the output end of the planetary reduction assembly 320 a at the last stage is transmission-connected to the transmission module 400 .

[0073] Furthermore, the planetary reduction assembly 320a includes a ring gear 321, a planet carrier 322, a sun gear 323 and a planetary gear set 324. The ring gear 321 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity 110; the planet carrier 322 is arranged in the ring gear 321; the sun gear 323 is arranged in the middle of the ring gear 321 and is connected to the turbine mechanism 310 or the planet carrier 322 of the planetary reduction assembly 320a of the previous stage through a transmission shaft; the planetary gear set 324 is rotatably arranged on the planet carrier 322 and meshes with the sun gear 323 for transmission.

[0074] Thus, it can be understood that although the drilling fluid of high-pressure fluid can drive the turbine mechanism 310 to rotate at a high speed, the torque generated by it is limited. Therefore, by setting the planetary reduction assembly 320a to form a torque amplification structure, the torque generated by the turbine mechanism 310 is amplified. The turbine mechanism 310 drives the sun gear 323 located at the center of the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 320a to rotate, and then the sun gear 323 drives the planetary gear set 324 to rotate relative to the short-section housing 100, thereby realizing the first-stage amplification of torque. The rotation of the planetary gear set 324 will drive the corresponding planetary carrier 322 to rotate, and the rotation of the planetary carrier 322 will drive the sun gear 323 at the center of the lower-stage planetary reduction assembly 320a to rotate, thereby realizing the second amplification of torque.

[0075] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The transmission module 400 includes a transmission frame 410, a rolling column 420 and a push elastic member 430. One end of the transmission frame 410 is connected to the torque increasing module 300, specifically connected to the planetary frame 322 in the last stage of the planetary reduction assembly 320a, and the other end is used to connect the drill bit 20. The outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame 410 is provided with a plurality of grooves 411, the groove depth direction of the grooves 411 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame 410, and the notches of all the grooves 411 are oriented in the same direction as the rotation direction of the drill bit 20 during the screwing. Figure 2 As shown, the direction indicated by the arrow X in the figure is the forward direction of the drill bit.

[0076] Among them, a rolling cylinder 420 and a push elastic member 430 are arranged in each groove 411, one end of the push elastic member 430 is connected to the bottom of the groove 411, and the other end is abutted against the cylindrical surface of the rolling cylinder 420, which is used to drive the rolling cylinder 420 to extend out of the groove and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity 110.

[0077] In some embodiments, the transmission frame 410 may be designed as an integral structure with the planetary frame 322 in the last-stage planetary reduction assembly 320 a .

[0078] Optionally, the pushing elastic member 430 may be a spring or a spring sheet.

[0079] It can be understood that, under the push of the push elastic member 430, the rolling column 420 is in close contact with the inner wall of the groove 411 and the inner wall of the short section housing 100. Therefore, when the deceleration and torque increasing mechanism 320 rotates clockwise (the rotation direction when the drill bit 20 is screwed in), the rolling column 420 rolls the compression spring under the action of friction, and the rolling column 420 is not in compression contact with the short section housing 100, so that the planetary transmission frame 410 can rotate clockwise relative to the short section housing 100; when the drill bit 20 reverses counterclockwise, under the push of the push elastic member 430, the rolling column 420 is in close contact with the inner wall of the short section housing 100, and the drill bit 20 is limited from reversing under the action of friction, thereby preventing the drill bit 20 from reversing relative to the drilling pipe when the resistance is too large.

[0080] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the propulsion compensation joint 10 further includes a reverse injection module 500, which is arranged at the other end of the transmission module 400 and connected to the transmission module 400, and is used to connect to the drill bit 20. The inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500 is connected to the hollow column cavity 110, and a nozzle 520 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the reverse injection module 500, and the nozzle 520 is connected to the inner cavity 510 through the flow channel 530, and the angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 520 and the screwing direction of the drill bit 20 is an obtuse angle.

[0081] It is understandable that during the drilling of extended reach wells, rock cuttings are very likely to accumulate at the bottom of the annulus of the inclined well section and the horizontal section to form a bed, resulting in accidents such as pump blocking and drill bit sticking, which seriously affects the safety of drilling construction and drilling efficiency. In this way, when it is necessary to start drilling, the drilling fluid is sprayed out in the reverse direction through the nozzle 520, so that the rock cuttings accumulated in the horizontal section can be cleaned by reverse rotation spraying during the drilling process, thereby achieving the cleaning of the wellbore. When the drill bit 20 is lowered for drilling again, it will not be affected by the rock cuttings accumulated in the previous drilling.

[0082] Furthermore, the end of the transmission module 400 is inserted into the inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500, the outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame 410 contacts the wall surface of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500, and the end of the transmission module 400 is also provided with a pressure-bearing elastic member 440. When the transmission module 400 compresses the pressure-bearing elastic member 440, the transmission frame 410 of the transmission module 400 blocks the entrance of the flow channel 530, and when the transmission module 400 releases the compression of the pressure-bearing elastic member 440, the transmission module 400 releases the blockage.

[0083] Optionally, the pressure-bearing elastic member 440 may be a spring or a spring sheet.

[0084] It should also be noted that during the drilling process, under the action of drilling pressure, the transmission module 400 compresses the pressure-bearing elastic member 440. At this time, the lower end of the transmission module 400 is just at the inlet end of the flow channel 530 on the side of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500. At this time, the drilling fluid entering the inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500 does not enter the flow channel 530 and is ejected from the nozzle 520. Therefore, during the forward drilling process, the reverse injection module 500 does not eject fluid. When the drill bit 20 needs to be pulled out after the drilling is completed, in the absence of drilling pressure, the pressure-bearing elastic member 440 pushes the transmission module 400 back. At this time, the inlet end of the flow channel 530 on the side of the inner cavity 510 of the reverse injection module 500 will open, and the drilling fluid will be ejected from the corresponding nozzle 520 through the flow channel 530. In this way, the accumulated cuttings in the horizontal section can be cleaned by reverse rotation jetting during the drilling process, thereby cleaning the wellbore. When the drill bit 20 is lowered again for drilling, it will not be affected by the rock debris accumulated in the previous drilling.

[0085] In view of the problem that conventional drilling tools have slow mechanical drilling speed and difficult rock cuttings transportation during the drilling process of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and offshore extended-reach wells, this embodiment provides a turbo torque-increasing and reverse-cleaning propulsion compensation section 10 that can be installed near the drill bit 20. The propulsion compensation section 10 can convert the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid into the torque of the drill bit 20, increase the torque of the drill bit 20 when breaking rocks, thereby achieving an increase in the mechanical drilling speed during the drilling process, and at the same time, it can also achieve deeper drilling, farther extended-reach wells, and efficient cleaning of rock cuttings when pulling out of the drill.

[0086] See also Figures 1 to 7 The working principle of the propulsion compensation joint 10 provided in this embodiment is as follows: during drilling, the high-pressure fluid (drilling fluid) discharged from the surface pressure pump flows into the propulsion compensation joint 10 through the drilling pipe. Under the action of the high-pressure fluid, the liquid will push the front part of the propulsion compensation joint 10 and the drill bit 20 to move forward so that the cutting part of the drill bit 20 is always in contact with the formation. Then the high-speed fluid will flow through the turbine mechanism 310, driving the turbine mechanism 310 to rotate, and the turbine mechanism 310 will convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into mechanical energy. The torque generated by the turbine mechanism 310 will be multi-stage amplified by the deceleration and torque increase mechanism 320, and then the amplified torque will be transmitted to the transmission module 400 with a unidirectional transmission function. The transmission module 400 prevents the drill bit 20 from reversing relative to the drill string when the resistance is too large. Thereby, the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy to increase the torque of the drill bit 20. When drilling, the wellbore is rotated to clean the wellbore, and the cuttings are taken out of the wellbore, which alleviates the problem of easy accumulation of cuttings.

[0087] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a drilling device, including a drill bit 20 and a propulsion compensation section 10 provided above.

[0088] In this embodiment, the drill bit 20 is a center-cone composite drill bit. The center-cone composite drill bit is the first to apply a single cone setting to the center of the cone and PDC composite drill bit. The movement mode of the center cone is completely different from the movement mode and rock breaking mechanism of the peripheral cone. The peripheral cone mainly breaks rocks by impact crushing, and the center cone mainly breaks rocks by scraping. This center cone and PDC composite drill bit fully combines the advantages of PDC drill bits and cone drill bits, can achieve good adaptability in highly abrasive and inhomogeneous formations, can significantly reduce the torque of the drill bit 20, reduce torsional vibration, reduce the stick-slip tendency, and improve the drilling efficiency and guiding ability of the drill bit 20.

[0089] At the same time, the top of the center gear can be set higher or lower than the height of the peripheral gear, such as Figure 7 As shown, a concave or convex bottom of the well will be formed during the drilling process, destroying the stress field of the formation crude oil and weakening the hardness of the bottom well rock.

[0090] Compared with the prior art, it also has the following beneficial effects:

[0091] (1) The above-mentioned thrust compensation joint 10 is applied, so that part of the pump pressure can be applied to the drill bit 20, so that the drill bit 20 can always be in contact with the bottom of the well, maintain a high drilling pressure to break the rock, and improve the drilling efficiency. It avoids the phenomenon that the drill bit 20 cannot break the rock in time after breaking the rock due to the large friction resistance when the pipe string is lowered, resulting in idling.

[0092] (2) By pushing forward the compensating joint 10, the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into mechanical energy, i.e., torque, thereby solving the problem of insufficient torque transmission when drilling ultra-deep wells and extended-reach wells. This enables extended-reach wells to be drilled farther and ultra-deep wells to be drilled deeper, while improving drilling efficiency and shortening the drilling cycle.

[0093] (3) By pushing forward the compensation section 10, it is possible to rotate and spray backward to clean the wellbore when starting drilling, and the cuttings accumulated in this drilling can be cleaned out of the wellbore, so that the next drilling will not be affected by the cuttings accumulated in the previous drilling, and the problem of cuttings accumulation in the inclined well section and the horizontal section can be effectively solved.

[0094] (4) This new type of composite drill bit with PDC cones more fully combines the cones with the PDC drill bit, making full use of the advantages of both the cone drill bit and the PDC drill bit, overcoming their respective shortcomings, and being able to achieve good adaptability in highly abrasive and inhomogeneous formations. It can significantly reduce the torque of the drill bit 20, reduce torsional vibration, reduce the stick-slip tendency, and improve the drilling efficiency and guiding ability of the drill bit 20.

[0095] (5) The new type of concave center cone and PDC composite drill bit in the embodiment can reduce the confining pressure at the bottom of the well, weaken the hardness of the bottom rock, and improve the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit 20 in deep and highly abrasive formations during the drilling process in deep formations. The drilling effect is a concave bottom of the well, and this type of drill bit 20 can achieve relatively stable fluctuations in torque and lateral vibration when breaking rocks.

[0096] It should be noted that in the present application, unless otherwise specified, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like used to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0097] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0098] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A propulsion compensation joint, characterized in that: Applied in drilling equipment, the propulsion compensation joint (10) comprises a short joint housing (100), a transmission piston (200), a torque increasing module (300) and a transmission module (400); The short section housing (100) has a hollow column cavity (110) penetrating along its length direction; A transmission piston (200) comprises a transmission end (210) and a connection end (220), wherein the transmission end (210) is inserted into the hollow column cavity (110), the transmission end (210) forms a sliding fit with the short section housing (100) in the axial direction, and forms a non-rotating fit with the short section housing (100) in the circumferential direction, and the connection end (220) is exposed outside the short section housing (100) and is used for externally connecting a drilling pipe; A torque increasing module (300) is arranged in the hollow column cavity (110), and the torque increasing module (300) is used to convert the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow column cavity (110) into mechanical energy of rotation around the axial direction; and The transmission module (400) is arranged at one end of the short section housing (100) away from the transmission piston (200); one end of the transmission module (400) is transmission-connected to the torque-increasing module (300), and the other end is used to connect to the drill bit (20).

2. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first guide portion (120) extending in the axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the hollow column cavity (110) corresponding to the transmission piston (200), and a second guide portion (211) extending in the axial direction is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission end (210); The first guide portion (120) and the second guide portion (211) are concave-convex matched.

3. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque increasing module (300) comprises: a turbine mechanism (310) rotatably arranged in the hollow cylindrical cavity (110) and used for converting the kinetic energy of the high-pressure fluid passing through the hollow cylindrical cavity (110) into mechanical energy of rotation around an axial direction; and The deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism (320) is arranged at one end of the turbine mechanism (310) away from the transmission piston (200); the input end of the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism (320) is connected to the turbine mechanism (310), and the output end is connected to the transmission module (400).

4. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turbine mechanism (310) comprises: A pressure bearing (311) is coaxially arranged with the hollow cylindrical cavity (110); and A turbine body (312) is arranged on a side of the pressure bearing (311) away from the transmission piston (200); Wherein, the pressure bearing (311) comprises a first pressure cover (3110) and a second pressure cover (3111) which are arranged axially opposite to each other, the first pressure cover (3110) is abutted against or fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow column cavity (110), and the second pressure cover (3111) is fixedly connected to the turbine body (312).

5. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed reduction and torque increase mechanism (320) comprises at least two stages of planetary speed reduction assemblies (320a) connected in series; The input end of the planetary reduction assembly (320a) at the first stage is transmission-connected to the turbine mechanism (310), and the output end of the planetary reduction assembly (320a) at the last stage is transmission-connected to the transmission module (400).

6. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 5, characterized in that: The planetary reduction assembly (320a) comprises: A gear ring (321) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical cavity (110); A planet carrier (322) is arranged inside the ring gear (321); A sun gear (323) is arranged in the middle of the ring gear (321) and is connected to the turbine mechanism (310) or the planet carrier (322) of the planetary reduction assembly (320a) of the previous stage through a transmission shaft; and The planetary gear set (324) is rotatably disposed on the planet carrier (322) and meshes with the sun gear (323) for transmission.

7. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission module (400) comprises a transmission frame (410), a rolling column (420) and a push elastic member (430); one end of the transmission frame (410) is connected to the torque increasing module (300), and the other end is used to connect to the drill bit (20); a plurality of grooves (411) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transmission frame (410); the groove depth direction of the grooves (411) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the transmission frame (410), and the orientation of the notches of all the grooves (411) is the same as the screwing direction of the drill bit (20); Wherein, the rolling column (420) and the push elastic member (430) are arranged in each of the grooves (411), one end of the push elastic member (430) is connected to the bottom of the groove (411), and the other end is in contact with the cylindrical surface of the rolling column (420), so as to drive the rolling column (420) to extend toward the notch and contact the inner wall of the hollow column cavity (110).

8. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion compensation joint (10) further comprises a reverse jet module (500), wherein the reverse jet module (500) is arranged at the other end of the transmission module (400) and connected to the transmission module (400), and the reverse jet module (500) is used to be connected to the drill bit (20); The inner cavity (510) of the reverse jet module (500) is connected to the hollow column cavity (110), a nozzle (520) is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the reverse jet module (500), the nozzle (520) is connected to the inner cavity (510) through a flow channel (530), and the angle between the jetting direction of the nozzle (520) and the screwing direction of the drill bit (20) is an obtuse angle.

9. The propulsion compensation joint according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the transmission module (400) is inserted into the inner cavity (510) of the reverse injection module (500), and the end of the transmission module (400) is also provided with a pressure-bearing elastic member (440); When the transmission module (400) compresses the pressure-bearing elastic member (440), the transmission module (400) blocks the entrance of the flow channel (530); when the transmission module (400) releases the compression of the pressure-bearing elastic member (440), the transmission module (400) releases the blockage.

10. A drilling equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a drill bit (20) and a propulsion compensation joint (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; Wherein, the drill bit (20) is a composite drill bit of a center-cone type, and the top of the center-cone is higher or lower than the height of the peripheral-cone.

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