Earth observation system based on single observation station and observation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an earth observation system based on a single observation station, and the working mode of an earth observation load comprises a first recording and second playback mode, an imaging window is earlier than a data transmission window, and the imaging window and the data transmission window are not overlapped; in the first playback and second recording mode, the data transmission window is earlier than the imaging window, the data transmission window and the imaging window are not overlapped, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file; in a first playback and second recording and playing mode, an imaging window is located in a data transmission window, and a recording file and a playback file are not the same file; in the first playback and second accurate real transmission mode, the data transmission window comprises two data transmission sections, the first data transmission section is used for playing back historical files, the second data transmission section is used for accurate real transmission, and the imaging window is not overlapped with the first data transmission section and is partially overlapped with the second data transmission section. By designing a new load mode, the flexibility, data timeliness and observation efficiency of a user observation area are guaranteed, and the earth observation efficiency of a single observation station is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application as a whole relates to a method for improving earth observation efficiency based on a single measuring station, belongs to the field of remote sensing satellite system engineering, and is applicable to effectively improving the earth observation efficiency of a remote sensing satellite in orbit under a single measuring station condition. Background Art

[0002] How to make full use of a single station under limited resource conditions and design a load mode to maximize the observation efficiency of a single station is an important issue.

[0003] Traditional payload modes mainly include payload recording mode, payload data playback mode, and payload recording and playback mode (including real transmission and quasi-real transmission modes). The advantages of these modes are simple and easy to understand logic, and relatively convenient on-orbit operation and mission planning. However, they also have disadvantages for single stations, such as difficulty in fully utilizing the effectiveness of ground stations, difficulty in ensuring the flexibility of imaging locations and the timeliness of data download, especially imaging and timely data download in neighboring areas of user countries. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the fact that traditional payload modes are difficult to fully utilize a single measuring station under limited resource conditions, it is difficult to fully exert the effectiveness of the ground station, and it is difficult to simultaneously ensure the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission, etc., especially the neighboring areas of the user country cannot be effectively and timely monitored. This application proposes a ground observation method based on a single measuring station.

[0005] The present application provides an earth observation method based on a single measuring station. By designing a new payload mode, the earth observation efficiency of a single measuring station is effectively improved, the effective observation needs of neighboring areas of the user country are solved, and the flexibility of the observation area, timeliness of data and observation efficiency are guaranteed.

[0006] The present application provides an earth observation system based on a single measuring station, the system having an earth observation payload, and the working modes of the earth observation payload include:

[0007] Record first and then replay mode, in which the imaging window is earlier than the data transmission window, and the imaging window and the data transmission window do not overlap;

[0008] Playback before recording mode. In this playback before recording mode, the data transmission window is earlier than the imaging window, and the data transmission window and the imaging window do not overlap. The recording file and the playback file are not the same file;

[0009] Playback first and then record and play mode: In this playback first and then record and play mode, the imaging window is located in the data transmission window, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file;

[0010] Playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode: In this playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode, the data transmission window includes two data transmission segments. The first data transmission segment is used to play back historical files, and the second data transmission segment is used for quasi-real transmission. The imaging window has no overlap with the first data transmission segment and partially overlaps with the second data transmission segment.

[0011] In at least one embodiment, the record-first-then-playback mode is used in the following scenario: the imaging area is an area adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to immediately download image data when passing by.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the playback-then-record mode is used in the following scenario: the imaging area is an area adjacent to the user's country, and the imaging area is required to be able to be photographed immediately when the remote sensing satellite passes by.

[0013] In at least one embodiment, the playback-first-record-while-playing mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station, and the remote sensing satellite is required to playback historical data throughout the transit arc, and the remote sensing satellite records data during imaging in the middle section.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, the playback-first-then-quasi-real-transmission mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is located within the measurement and control range of a single measuring station, and the remote sensing satellite is required to playback historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and record and playback the imaging area in the second half, and the imaging data is transmitted in real time.

[0015] In at least one embodiment, in the playback-then-record mode, the camera is powered on before the data transmission window ends to avoid command conflicts.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, in the playback-first-record-and-playback mode, the camera is turned on after the playback starts to avoid command conflicts. Before sending the serial playback command, the persistent storage recording command is sent first to put the persistent storage into the record-and-playback mode, and the recording action starts after the camera forms an image.

[0017] In at least one embodiment, in the playback-first-then-quasi-real-transmission mode, the camera is turned on before the end of the first data transmission window to avoid command conflicts.

[0018] The present application also provides a method for performing earth observation using the above earth observation system, comprising:

[0019] S1: Determine whether the Earth observation scenario is one of the following scenarios:

[0020] Scenario 1: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to immediately download image data when passing over the area;

[0021] The second scenario: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to be able to capture the imaging area immediately when passing through;

[0022] Scenario 3: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data throughout the transit arc and record data in the middle of the imaging process.

[0023] Scenario 4: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and record and replay the imaging area in the second half, with the imaging data being transmitted in real time.

[0024] S2: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the first scenario, select the working mode of the earth observation payload as the record-first-then-playback mode:

[0025] S3: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the second scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback-then-recording mode;

[0026] S4: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the third scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback first and then recording and playing mode;

[0027] S5: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the fourth scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode.

[0028] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having software instructions stored thereon, wherein the software instructions implement the above method when executed.

[0029] This application designs a new payload mode, taking into account the particularity of the needs of the neighboring areas of the user country and the timing relationship between the power on and off of various satellite equipment, while ensuring the flexibility of the user's observation area, data timeliness and observation efficiency, which can effectively improve the earth observation efficiency of a single station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The following will further explain the above characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present application in a clear and understandable manner through the description of the preferred embodiments and in combination with the accompanying drawings. The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Among them:

[0031] Figure 1a and Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the on-orbit operation of a sun-synchronous orbit remote sensing satellite;

[0032] Figure 2 One of the on-orbit usage scenarios is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 The second on-orbit usage scenario is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 The third on-orbit usage scenario is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 The fourth on-orbit usage scenario is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 The record-then-playback mode of the Earth Observation payload is shown;

[0037] Figure 7 The playback-then-record mode of the Earth Observation payload is shown;

[0038] Figure 8 The playback-first-then-record-while-playing mode of the Earth Observation payload is shown;

[0039] Fig. 9 The playback-then-quasi-real-transmission mode of the earth observation payload is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present application, the specific implementation methods of the present application are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Traditional payload modes mainly include payload recording mode, payload data playback mode, and payload recording and playback mode (including real transmission and quasi-real transmission modes). The advantages of these modes are simple and easy to understand logic, and relatively convenient on-orbit operation and mission planning. However, they also have disadvantages for single stations, such as difficulty in fully utilizing the effectiveness of ground stations, difficulty in ensuring the flexibility of imaging locations and timeliness of data download, etc.

[0042] Schematic diagram of the operation of a sun-synchronous orbit remote sensing satellite in orbit Figure 1a and Figure 1b As shown. Figure 1a Points C and D are the boundary points between the shadow area and the sunlit area, and points A and B are the symmetrical points of points D and C respectively. Figure 1b The middle arc MN is the sub-satellite point trajectory of the satellite transit circle, O is the position of the single station in the user country, PQ is the transit effective arc segment of the single station, the black solid circle is the measurement and control range of the single station O, and the light gray rectangular area represents the user country area.

[0043] During the period of being in orbit, when the user country has only a single station, in order to maximize the use of the PQ resources of the transit circle arc, the satellite usually performs the payload recording and releasing mode in the AB interval of the transit circle sunlit area during the day, and performs the payload data playback mode in the CD interval of the transit circle shadow area at night, and performs the payload recording mode in the AB interval of the remaining circle sunlit area at other times, so that the amount of image data that can be downloaded every day is as large as possible. This usage method is simple in logic and convenient in orbit operation, but it is difficult to give full play to the effectiveness of the ground station for a single station, and the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data download cannot be met.

[0044] In order to give full play to the effectiveness of the ground station under the condition of a single measuring station, it is necessary to meet the requirements of the following on-orbit usage scenarios.

[0045] Scenario 1: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the image data is required to be downloaded immediately when the circle is crossed, while ensuring that the resources of the crossing arc are not wasted. Figure 2 As shown, the rectangular hatched area is the imaging area.

[0046] Scenario 2: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and it is required that the transit arc resources are not wasted and the imaging area can be photographed immediately when passing through. Figure 3 As shown, the rectangular hatched area is the imaging area.

[0047] Scenario 3: The imaging area is a certain area within the measurement and control range of a single station. At the same time, historical data is required to be played back throughout the transit arc, and the satellite can record data in the middle of the imaging. Figure 4 As shown, the rectangular hatched area is the imaging area.

[0048] Scenario 4: The imaging area is a certain area within the measurement and control range of a single measuring station, but the historical data needs to be played back in the first half of the transit arc, and the imaging area needs to be recorded and played back in the second half, and the imaging data needs to be downloaded immediately. Figure 5 As shown, the rectangular hatched area is the imaging area.

[0049] Using the traditional payload mode, only a single mode cannot meet the requirements of scenario 1. If a simple combination of payload recording mode and payload data playback mode is considered, because the satellite equipment has shutdown time after the payload recording mode ends, and the satellite equipment has startup time before the payload data playback mode starts, it will lead to a large waste of transit arc resources, and the image data may not be fully transmitted to the ground during the transit, so this requirement cannot be met.

[0050] Using the traditional payload mode, only a single mode cannot meet the requirements of scenario 2. If the payload data playback mode + payload recording mode are used for a simple combination, because the satellite equipment has a shutdown time after the payload data playback mode ends, and the satellite equipment has a startup time before the payload recording mode starts, the satellite will have already flown away from the imaging area when the imaging starts after the playback of the transit arc ends, and this still cannot meet this requirement.

[0051] Using the traditional payload mode, the timing of each mode is different, and only a single mode cannot meet the requirements of scenario 3. If a simple splicing combination is considered, this requirement cannot be met because the timing is different and the simple splicing of satellite recording and playback commands will cause command conflicts.

[0052] Using the traditional payload mode, since the timing of each mode is different, only a single mode cannot meet the requirements of scenario 4. If a simple combination of payload data playback mode and payload recording and playback mode is considered, because the satellite equipment has time to shut down after the payload data playback mode ends, and the satellite equipment has time to start before the payload recording and playback mode starts, the satellite will have already left the imaging area when the imaging starts after the playback ends, and this still cannot meet this requirement.

[0053] In summary, the existing earth observation methods cannot meet the requirements of the above scenarios. Under limited resource conditions, it is difficult to fully utilize a single measuring station, it is difficult to fully exert the effectiveness of the ground station, and it is difficult to simultaneously ensure the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission, especially the imaging of neighboring areas of the user country and the timely transmission of data.

[0054] The present invention proposes a method for earth observation based on a single measuring station, which adopts an improved load pattern design and can effectively solve the needs that cannot be achieved by traditional load patterns. While ensuring that the resources of the transit arc are fully utilized, it realizes the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission, etc., effectively improving the observation efficiency of the single measuring station.

[0055] The new load mode design based on a single measuring station is not a simple splicing of traditional load modes, but a "seamless" compatible conversion of different modes under comprehensive consideration of multiple factors to achieve correct instruction sequences in engineering. This application fully considers the following factors:

[0056] (a) Reduce the shutdown of satellite equipment during mode switching to reduce the switching time, but the logic and compatibility of the various command sequences during the switching must be fully considered to avoid command conflicts that may cause satellite failures;

[0057] (b) On the one hand, the command sequence within the same subsystem must be considered, and on the other hand, the compatibility of the command sequence and interface between subsystems must also be considered to avoid satellite failures. For example, the power on / off, data transmission, recording and playback timing between the camera subsystem and the data transmission subsystem;

[0058] (c) Take full account of the time intervals between recording, playback, and recording and playing simultaneously, and set a reasonable sequence;

[0059] (d) Relevant constraints when designing instructions, such as the interval between instructions received by the same lower computer, the maximum single working time of the camera, the maximum single working time of the data transmission, etc.

[0060] Substituting the classical satellite parameters, the new payload mode design based on a single station proposed in this application is as follows:

[0061] Notation and constraints:

[0062] T1——the time when the imaging task starts (the time when the effective image data starts to be recorded);

[0063] T2——The time when the data transmission task starts (the time when data download starts);

[0064] W——Camera effective imaging time;

[0065] ti - recording time of a single file.

[0066] E——data transmission task time (the time between storage playback and playback stop);

[0067] i#——recording / playback file number;

[0068] Time required to start the camera: ≥36s

[0069] Maximum single camera startup time: 10 minutes

[0070] Maximum single power-on time for digital transmission: 15 minutes

[0071] The interval between receiving commands from the same lower computer: ≥2s

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present application, a single-station-based earth observation system is provided, the system having an earth observation payload, and the working modes of the earth observation payload include:

[0073] (1) Record-then-playback mode (M1): In this mode, the operating sequence of the earth observation payload is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the imaging window is earlier than the data transmission window, and the imaging window and the data transmission window do not overlap.

[0074] The adoption of this new payload mode M1 can realize the imaging area adjacent to the user country, and require the image data to be immediately downloaded when passing through the circle, while ensuring that the resources of the passing arc section are not wasted. While ensuring that the resources of the passing arc section are fully utilized, the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data download are achieved, effectively improving the observation efficiency of a single station.

[0075] (2) Playback-then-record mode (M2): In this mode, the working sequence of the earth observation payload is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the data transmission window is earlier than the imaging window, and the data transmission window and the imaging window do not overlap, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file;

[0076] To avoid command conflicts, in this mode, the camera is turned on before the data transmission window ends.

[0077] The adoption of this new payload mode M2 ​​can realize the imaging area of ​​the user country's neighboring area, and requires that the transit arc resources are not wasted and the imaging area can be photographed immediately during transit. While ensuring that the transit arc resources are fully utilized, the flexibility of the imaging location is achieved, effectively improving the observation efficiency of a single station.

[0078] (3) Playback first and then record and play mode (M3): In this mode, the working sequence of the earth observation payload is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the imaging window is located in the data transmission window, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file.

[0079] To avoid command conflicts, the camera is turned on after playback starts. At the same time, since the storage does not support receiving the recording command to enter the recording and playback mode during playback, the storage recording command must be sent before sending the serial playback command to put the storage into the recording and playback mode (but there is no data from the front end at this time, so no data will be recorded), and then the camera starts recording the action after imaging.

[0080] The new payload mode M3 can realize the imaging area of ​​a certain area within the measurement and control range of a single station, and at the same time require the playback of historical data throughout the transit arc, and the satellite can image and record data in the middle. While ensuring that the resources of the transit arc are fully utilized, the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission are achieved, effectively improving the observation efficiency of a single station.

[0081] (4) Playback-then-quasi-real transmission mode (M4): In this mode, the working sequence of the earth observation payload is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, the data transmission window includes two data transmission segments, the first data transmission segment is used to play back historical files, and the second data transmission segment is used for quasi-real transmission. The imaging window has no overlap with the first data transmission segment and partially overlaps with the second data transmission segment.

[0082] To avoid command conflicts, the camera is turned on before the end of the first data transmission window.

[0083] The adoption of this new payload mode M4 can realize the imaging area of ​​a certain area within the measurement and control range of a single station, but requires the playback of historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and the recording and playback of the imaging area in the second half, and the demand for the immediate download of imaging data. While ensuring that the resources of the transit arc are fully utilized, the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data download are achieved, effectively improving the observation efficiency of a single station.

[0084] The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with a specific embodiment of the present application. An embodiment of the present application provides a method for earth observation based on a single observation station, using the observation system described above to perform earth observation, and the earth observation method includes:

[0085] S1: Determine which of the following scenarios the Earth observation scenario belongs to:

[0086] Scenario 1: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to immediately download image data when passing through the circle to ensure that the resources in the passing arc are not wasted.

[0087] Scenario 2: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to be able to immediately capture the imaging area when passing through to ensure that the resources in the passing arc are not wasted;

[0088] Scenario 3: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data throughout the transit arc and record data during imaging in the middle section.

[0089] Scenario 4: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and record and replay the imaging area in the second half, with the imaging data being transmitted in real time.

[0090] S2: If the earth observation scenario belongs to scenario 1, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the record-first-then-playback mode (M1). In this mode, the imaging window is earlier than the data transmission window, and there is no overlap:

[0091] S3: If the earth observation scenario belongs to scenario 2, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback-first-record mode (M2). In this mode, the data transmission window is earlier than the imaging window, and there is no overlap, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file;

[0092] S4: If the earth observation scene belongs to scene 3, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback first and then recording and playing mode (M3). In this mode, the imaging window is located in the data transmission window, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file;

[0093] S5: If the earth observation scene belongs to scene 4, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback-first-then-quasi-real transmission mode (M4). In this mode, the data transmission window is divided into two data transmission segments. The first data transmission segment is used for the playback history file, and the second data transmission segment is used for quasi-real transmission. The imaging window has no overlap with the first data transmission segment and partially overlaps with the second data transmission segment.

[0094] The earth observation method based on a single measuring station provided by the present invention can meet the requirements of the satellite's in-orbit working conditions for the flexibility of imaging locations, timeliness of data transmission, etc., under the premise of ensuring full utilization of the transit arc resources, realize scene requirements that cannot be met by traditional payload modes, solve the demand problems in the use of several types of single measuring stations, and effectively improve the earth observation efficiency of single measuring stations.

[0095] The present invention can also be used in combination with traditional payload modes. The use of satellites in orbit is usually divided into routine tasks and special tasks. When the user's mission has no special requirements for the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission, the traditional payload mode can still be used to achieve the purpose of easy understanding and convenient operation in orbit. When the user has requirements for the flexibility of the imaging location and the timeliness of data transmission, the new payload mode is selected according to the scene requirements to further improve the observation efficiency.

[0096] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0097] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by any technician in the field without departing from the concept and principle of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An earth observation system based on a single measuring station, the system having an earth observation payload, the working modes of the earth observation payload comprising: Record first and then replay mode, in which the imaging window is earlier than the data transmission window, and the imaging window and the data transmission window do not overlap; Playback before recording mode. In this playback before recording mode, the data transmission window is earlier than the imaging window, and the data transmission window and the imaging window do not overlap. The recording file and the playback file are not the same file; Playback first and then record and play mode: In this playback first and then record and play mode, the imaging window is located in the data transmission window, and the recording file and the playback file are not the same file; Playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode: In this playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode, the data transmission window includes two data transmission segments. The first data transmission segment is used to play back historical files, and the second data transmission segment is used for quasi-real transmission. The imaging window has no overlap with the first data transmission segment and partially overlaps with the second data transmission segment.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The record-first-then-playback mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to immediately download image data when it passes over the area.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The playback-then-record mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is adjacent to the user's country and the imaging area is required to be able to be photographed immediately when the remote sensing satellite passes by.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The playback-first-record-and-play mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station, and the remote sensing satellite is required to playback historical data throughout the transit arc, and the remote sensing satellite records data during imaging in the middle section.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The playback-first-then-quasi-real-time transmission mode is used in the following scenarios: the imaging area is located within the measurement and control range of a single measuring station, and the remote sensing satellite is required to playback historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and record and playback the imaging area in the second half, with the imaging data being transmitted in real time.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: In playback-then-record mode, the camera is powered on before the data transmission window ends to avoid command conflicts.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: In the playback first and then record while playing mode, The camera is turned on after playback starts to avoid command conflicts. Before sending the serial playback command, send the persistent storage recording command first to put the persistent storage into the recording and playback mode, and then start recording the action after the camera forms an image.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: In the playback-first-then-real-time transmission mode, the camera is turned on before the end of the first data transmission window to avoid command conflicts.

9. A method for earth observation based on a single station, using the earth observation system according to claim 1 to perform earth observation, the method comprising: S1: Determine whether the Earth observation scenario is one of the following scenarios: Scenario 1: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to immediately download image data when passing over the area; The second scenario: The imaging area is adjacent to the user's country, and the remote sensing satellite is required to be able to capture the imaging area immediately when passing through; Scenario 3: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data throughout the transit arc and record data in the middle of the imaging process. Scenario 4: The imaging area is within the measurement and control range of a single station. The remote sensing satellite is required to replay historical data in the first half of the transit arc, and record and replay the imaging area in the second half, with the imaging data being transmitted in real time. S2: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the first scenario, select the working mode of the earth observation payload as the record-first-then-playback mode: S3: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the second scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback-then-recording mode; S4: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the third scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback first and then recording and playing mode; S5: If the earth observation scenario belongs to the fourth scenario, the working mode of the earth observation payload is selected as the playback first and then quasi-real transmission mode.

10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon software instructions which, when executed, implement the method of claim 9.

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