High-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to a high-performance aluminum-based filler metal and a preparation method thereof. The high-performance aluminum-based filler metal comprises the following components: 5-15 wt% of silicon, 1-8 wt% of copper, 0.2-2 wt% of rare earth elements, 0.02-0.5 wt% of trace elements, 0.3-3 wt% of nano-enhanced phases and the balance of Al. The rare earth elements are a combination of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium; the trace elements are a combination of titanium, zirconium, boron and vanadium; and the nano-enhanced phases are a combination of nano-aluminum oxide and nano-silicon carbide. The preparation method comprises raw material preparation, composite smelting, belt casting and post-treatment. The aluminum-based filler metal has excellent wettability, flowability, joint strength, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. The preparation method has the advantages of short production cycle, energy saving and consumption reduction, stability and controllability, high preparation efficiency, low preparation cost, contribution to improvement of the market competitiveness of the material and meeting of large-scale demands in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to a high-performance aluminum-based filler metal and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Brazing is an important joining technology that is widely used to connect metal materials to achieve the assembly of structures and the integration of functions. With the continuous progress of science and technology, especially in high-end fields such as aerospace, rail transportation, automobile manufacturing, and electronic devices, the performance requirements for brazed joints are becoming increasingly stringent.

[0003] Traditional aluminum-based filler metals have many limitations in practical applications and are difficult to meet the high-performance requirements of high-end manufacturing fields, such as: (1) wettability, the spreading performance of traditional aluminum-based filler metals on the surface of the base material is not good enough, which leads to the formation of brazed joints that are not firm and uniform, seriously affecting the welding quality. In the field of aerospace, the welding of parts requires high precision and reliability, and the insufficient wettability of traditional filler metals may cause welding defects, endangering flight safety. (2) Flowability, flowability is also a shortcoming of traditional aluminum-based filler metals. When facing narrow welds, not only is the weld filling rate low, but it is also difficult to fully fill. In the manufacturing of electronic devices, the welding of small parts requires filler metal to accurately fill narrow spaces to ensure the stability and reliability of circuit connections. Obviously, the low flowability of traditional aluminum-based filler metals cannot meet this requirement. (3) Strength, the joint strength of traditional aluminum-based filler metals is limited, and failure may occur when subjected to large load stress, which cannot guarantee the stability and reliability of the welded structure under complex working conditions. In the field of automobile manufacturing, the running of vehicles produces various vibrations and impacts, and insufficient strength of the welded joint may cause parts to loosen or break, affecting the performance and safety of the automobile. (4) Thermal conductivity, the thermal conductivity of traditional aluminum-based filler metals is relatively low, and the heat dissipation efficiency is not high during work, and heat is easily accumulated, which leads to a decrease in material performance or structural damage. For electronic devices, overheating will affect their performance and lifespan, so there is a high requirement for the thermal conductivity of filler metals, and traditional aluminum-based filler metals cannot meet the requirement of high thermal conductivity. (5) Corrosion resistance, this is also a significant problem of traditional aluminum-based filler metals. In harsh corrosive environments such as marine engineering, chemical industry, etc., traditional aluminum-based filler metals are easily corroded, with a shortened service life and increased maintenance costs. For example, equipment in marine engineering is exposed to high salinity and high humidity environments for a long time, and the corrosion problem of traditional aluminum-based filler metals will seriously affect the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0004] To meet the needs of high-end precision manufacturing fields, there is an urgent need to develop an aluminum-based filler metal with excellent wettability, flowability, joint strength, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above shortcomings of the background art, the present application provides a high-performance aluminum-based filler metal and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the problem that the wettability, flowability, joint strength, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and the like of the prior art cannot meet the use requirements in the high-end precision manufacturing field.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical scheme adopted by the present application includes:

[0007] On the one hand, the present application provides a high-performance aluminum-based filler metal, which comprises the following components in the following amounts: silicon 5-15wt%, copper 1-8wt%, rare earth elements 0.2-2wt%, trace elements 0.02-0.5wt%, nano-enhanced phase 0.3-3wt%, and Al as the balance.

[0008] The rare earth elements are a combination of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium;

[0009] The trace elements are a combination of titanium, zirconium, boron and vanadium, and the content ratio of titanium and zirconium is 1:(0.5-1), and the content ratio of boron and vanadium is 1:(0.3-2);

[0010] The nano-enhanced phase is a combination of nano-aluminum oxide and nano-silicon carbide, and the content of nano-aluminum oxide in the nano-enhanced phase is 30-70wt%.

[0011] Copper plays an important role in improving the strength and thermal conductivity of the filler joint, and accurate control of the copper content can reduce the amount and control the production cost while maintaining the strength and thermal conductivity of the filler. The addition of silicon can significantly improve the flowability of the filler, and the improvement of the flowability of the filler can enhance the spreadability and filling property of the filler, which is more helpful to the better play of the strength and thermal conductivity of copper under the same copper content.

[0012] The introduction of silicon is mainly used to strengthen the flowability of the filler during brazing, which provides a good liquid flow basis, so that the filler can flow and fill more easily at the welding site. However, the introduction of silicon will increase the brittleness of the filler, therefore, the content of silicon is strictly controlled in the range of 5-15wt%, and the content of copper is optimized to 1-8wt%, which is significantly lower than that of the prior art, so that the production cost is significantly reduced. Moreover, within the above range, the synergistic effect of copper and aluminum can optimize the flowability of the filler, improve the spreadability and filling property, and at the same time improve the strength of the welded joint, better adapt to complex weld structure, and make up for the brittleness defect caused by silicon;

[0013] The addition of rare earth elements has a significant effect on the improvement of the performance of the brazing filler metal, especially in improving the wettability, oxidation resistance and joint strength; during the solidification process of the brazing filler metal, rare earth elements such as lanthanum La, cerium Ce and neodymium Nd react with main alloying elements such as aluminum Al, silicon Si and copper Cu to form various intermetallic compounds including LaAl3, CeSi2 and NdCu2, which are high-strength and high-hardness intermetallic compounds, and these intermetallic compounds are dispersedly distributed at the welded joint, which can effectively hinder the movement of dislocations, thereby significantly improving the tensile strength of the welded joint, fully meeting the stringent requirements of high-end precision manufacturing on the high strength and high stability of the welded joint;

[0014] The trace elements are a combination of titanium, zirconium, boron and vanadium, and the combination of titanium and zirconium in a defined ratio helps to refine the grain of the brazing filler metal and enhance its corrosion resistance; the synergistic effect of boron and vanadium in a defined ratio can enhance the high-temperature resistance of the brazing filler metal, so that the brazing filler metal can still maintain good performance under high-temperature working conditions;

[0015] The introduction of nano-enhanced phases can further improve the mechanical properties of the brazing filler metal, and through the interaction with other alloying elements at the microstructure level, it also helps to further overcome the brittleness problem caused by the introduction of silicon and improve the corrosion resistance of the product, and comprehensively optimize the overall performance of the brazing filler metal;

[0016] Aluminum is the base material and accounts for the largest proportion in the brazing filler metal, and it has excellent characteristics of light weight and high thermal conductivity, providing basic physical performance support for the entire brazing filler metal system, and is a key factor to realize good thermal conductivity and light weight of the brazing filler metal in actual application.

[0017] The components coexist and synergize according to the above proportions, and the high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal with good comprehensive performance including wettability, flowability, joint strength, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance can meet the use requirements in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0018] Preferably, the components include the following contents: silicon 8-12wt%, copper 3-6wt%, rare earth elements 0.5-1.5wt%, trace elements 0.15-0.5wt%, nano-enhanced phases 1-2wt%, and Al balance;

[0019] In the rare earth elements, the content ratio of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium is (2-3):(3-4):(2-3);

[0020] In the trace elements, the total content of titanium and zirconium is 0.2-0.4wt%, and the total content of boron and vanadium is 0.1-0.3wt%, and the content ratio of titanium and zirconium is 1:(0.6-0.7), and the content ratio of boron and vanadium is 1:(0.9-1.1), and particularly preferably, the content ratio of titanium and zirconium is 1.5:1, and the content ratio of boron and vanadium is 1:1.

[0021] On the basis of the previous embodiment, the present application continues to optimize the proportion of each component and confirms that the product meets the content requirements, has stronger strength, and better fluidity.

[0022] Preferably, the content of rare earth elements is 0.5-1.2wt%, the total content of titanium and zirconium in trace elements is 0.3-0.45wt%, and the content ratio of titanium and zirconium is 1:(0.8-0.9).

[0023] After the addition of rare earth elements, the wettability, oxidation resistance, and joint strength are improved, and the corrosion resistance of the brazing filler is also improved. It is speculated that this may be related to the formation of various intermetallic compounds, or there may be a synergistic effect with other elements such as aluminum, copper, and silicon, which improves the corrosion resistance through microstructure such as purifying grain boundaries. Titanium and zirconium in trace elements can form a stable oxide film on the surface of the brazing filler, preventing the corrosion medium from contacting the substrate, thereby improving the corrosion resistance. In addition, titanium and zirconium may also affect the microstructure of the alloy, making the grain boundary more stable, which in turn helps to further improve the corrosion resistance. The present application unexpectedly found that when the content of rare earth elements is 0.5-1.2wt% and the total content of titanium and zirconium in trace elements is 0.3-0.45wt%, the content ratio of titanium and zirconium is 1:(0.8-0.9), the corrosion resistance of the obtained product is better.

[0024] Preferably, the content of copper is 5-7wt%.

[0025] The content of copper plays an important role in improving the thermal conductivity of aluminum-based brazing filler. Aluminum, as the base material, has high thermal conductivity, providing a basic guarantee for the thermal conductivity of the brazing filler. The presence of copper can increase the heat conduction channel and improve the thermal conductivity. The synergistic effect of copper and aluminum is more obvious for improving the thermal conductivity of the brazing filler. The present application found through creative labor that when the content of copper is 5-7%, the synergistic effect of copper and aluminum is most obvious, and the thermal conductivity of the obtained brazing filler is particularly excellent.

[0026] Further preferably, the nano-enhanced phase is a combination of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide with a mass ratio of 1:1, and the average particle size of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide is 10-100nm.

[0027] In theory, the smaller the particle size of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide, the better the performance. However, too small particle size will lead to poor dispersibility, which is not conducive to performance improvement. Therefore, the average particle size of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide is controlled to be 10-100nm, which can balance the dispersibility and the improvement effect on the mechanical properties of the product after addition.

[0028] The present application optimizes the types and proportions of components in the aluminum-based filler metal, and obtains an aluminum-based filler metal with good comprehensive performance that can meet the needs of high-end precision manufacturing field. Compared with the prior art, the high-performance aluminum-based filler metal has the following advantages:

[0029] (1) Good wettability, the spreading area is significantly improved, the filler metal can spread better on the surface of the base material during brazing, forming a more stable and uniform welded joint, effectively improving the welding quality.

[0030] (2) Good flowability, can fill narrow welds, the filling rate of the weld with a width of 0.15mm is up to 90% or more, so it has obvious advantages when used for welding complex structures or small parts, and can ensure the integrity and sealing of the weld.

[0031] (3) High joint strength, the tensile strength of the joint is significantly improved, up to 280-325MPa, the high-strength welded joint can withstand greater load stress, ensuring the stability and reliability of the welded structure during use, and better meeting the needs of high-end precision manufacturing field with high strength requirements.

[0032] (4) Good thermal conductivity, good thermal conductivity helps to dissipate heat in time during work, preventing heat accumulation from causing material performance degradation or structural damage, especially suitable for electronic devices and other fields with high heat dissipation requirements.

[0033] (5) Excellent corrosion resistance, the corrosion rate is very low during simulated marine environment test, excellent corrosion resistance allows it to work stably in harsh corrosive environments for a long time, prolonging the service life and reducing maintenance costs, thereby meeting the needs of aerospace, marine engineering and other fields with high corrosion resistance requirements.

[0034] On the other hand, the present application also provides a preparation method of the high-performance aluminum-based filler metal, comprising the following operation steps: S1, raw material preparation; S2, composite smelting; S3, tape casting; S4, post-treatment.

[0035] Preferably, in step S1, the sources of silicon, copper and aluminum are silicon block, copper block and aluminum block respectively, the source of rare earth elements is lanthanum-cerium-neodymium alloy block, the sources of trace elements are titanium powder, zirconium powder, boron powder and vanadium powder, and the sources of nano-enhanced phases are nano-aluminum oxide powder and nano-silicon carbide powder; the silicon block, copper block, aluminum block and lanthanum-cerium-neodymium alloy block are pretreated and then accurately weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio, and the pretreatment includes improving the purity of the raw materials and / or activating the surface state of the raw materials.

[0036] In the present embodiment, the powder corresponding to the trace elements is preferably micron-sized and nano-sized, such as titanium powder, zirconium powder, the average particle size of which is controlled to be 1-10 μm, and boron powder and vanadium powder, the average particle size of which is controlled to be 0.5-5 μm. Smaller particle size can ensure better performance and uniform dispersion in the brazing filler metal, and fully contact and reaction with other elements, so as to better play its role of refining grains and enhancing performance. Preferably, the powder of the trace elements is additionally subjected to ball milling treatment to further refine the particle size and improve the activity, which is helpful to better dispersion and alloying in the smelting process.

[0037] Preferably, in step S2, the composite smelting includes arc smelting and vacuum induction smelting. The remaining raw materials except the trace elements and the nano-enhanced phase are smelted by arc with a current of 400-1000 A and a voltage of 15-35 V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, the pre-melted alloy liquid is poured into a cooling mold, cooled at a cooling rate of 30-150 ℃ / s, and a pre-alloy ingot is obtained. Then the pre-alloy ingot is broken and subjected to vacuum induction smelting. In the vacuum induction smelting, the temperature is first programmed to 750-850 ℃ and held for 5-30 min, and then the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements are slowly added in sequence. The electromagnetic stirring is started, the stirring rate is 300-800 Hz, and the magnetic field strength is 0.05-0.3 T. The temperature is continuously held for 25-65 min to obtain a brazing filler metal liquid.

[0038] The organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements are both obtained by ultrasonic dispersion of the nano-enhanced phase and the trace elements in an organic solvent, respectively. The organic solvent only contains C, H and O elements.

[0039] In the present embodiment, in the arc smelting, the vacuum is first extracted to 10 -3 -10 -5 Pa, high-purity argon (purity ≥ 99.99%) is then filled into the furnace to a pressure of 0.01-0.05 MPa, the arc current is adjusted to 400-1000 A, the arc voltage is adjusted to 15-35 V, and the remaining raw materials except the trace elements and the nano-enhanced phase are smelted to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid at a stirring rate of 30-120 rpm. As for the specific smelting time, it depends on the total amount of the raw materials involved in the smelting. Generally speaking, about 15-25 min is needed for 50-200 g of raw materials. Within this time range, it can be ensured that the raw materials are fully melted and preliminarily alloyed, and at the same time, problems such as excessive energy consumption and possible composition segregation due to too long time can be avoided. If the total amount of the raw materials is insufficient or exceeds the above range, the corresponding smelting time can be shortened or lengthened accordingly.

[0040] In the present embodiment, in the vacuum smelting, the vacuum is first extracted to 10 -4 -10 -5Pa, and then the temperature of the furnace is raised to 750-850°C at a rate of 6-16°C / min, and the temperature is maintained for 5-30 min to partially melt the pre-alloy ingot. At this time, the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of trace elements are injected into the alloy liquid in the furnace at a slow speed through a precision injection device, and the electromagnetic stirring is strengthened, with a stirring frequency of 300-800 Hz and a magnetic field strength of 0.05-0.3 T. Under this condition, the nano-particles can be uniformly dispersed in the alloy liquid, and the agglomeration phenomenon can be avoided. Then, the temperature is maintained for 25-65 min to ensure that the nano-particles and the alloy are fully fused and homogenized, so that the solder alloy with more stable and uniform performance is obtained.

[0041] It should be noted that:

[0042] (1) The organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements are dispersed in an organic solvent containing only C, H, and O elements, such as alcohol and ketone solvents, by ultrasonic. In order to improve the uniformity of dispersion, a small amount of surfactant can also be added. The composition of the surfactant contains as few high-temperature non-volatile elements as possible to avoid introducing non-designed impurity elements into the system. The organic solvent containing only C, H, and O is also an optimal implementation mode based on the introduction of impurities. Of course, the organic solvent can also be selected from other organic solvents outside the implementation mode of the present application. Since the vacuum melting is under high vacuum and high temperature, the organic solvent will volatilize in large quantities, and the subsequent series of post-processing will also reduce the impurity residues.

[0043] (2) The organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase is injected first, and the preferred injection speed is 0.5-6 ml / min. The organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements is injected later, and the preferred injection speed is 0.5-2 ml / min. The injection speed of the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements is slower.

[0044] The main role of the nano-enhanced phase is to further improve the mechanical properties of the filler metal by interacting with other alloying elements at the microstructure level. During the smelting process, the early addition of the nano-enhanced phase can make it interact with the base element at the initial stage of the alloy liquid formation, utilize its nano-scale characteristics, better disperse and form a good bonding interface with the base, fully play its reinforcing effect during the subsequent holding process, and optimize the microstructure of the alloy, such as grain refinement, improved uniformity, etc., to lay a good microstructure foundation for the subsequent addition and synergistic effect of trace elements. The total amount of trace elements is relatively small, and their role is mainly to refine the filler metal grains, enhance corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance by specific proportioning. In order to achieve uniform distribution, they need to be added at a slower injection speed. After the nano-enhanced phase has begun to interact with the alloy base and form a certain microstructure, the trace elements are added more slowly, which can make the trace elements more accurately play their synergistic effect with other elements on the basis of the optimized microstructure, such as Ti and Zr, which can further optimize the grain structure and enhance the stability of the grain boundary on the basis of the nano-enhanced phase refining the grains, and improve the corrosion resistance; B and V can better play their high temperature resistance in the microstructure environment improved by the nano-enhanced phase, so as to realize the synergistic effect between elements and improve the comprehensive performance of the filler metal. If trace elements are added first, they may not be able to fully play their synergistic effect with other elements due to their small amount and uneven distribution in the alloy liquid, and may affect the uniform dispersion of the nano-enhanced phase in the alloy liquid and its bonding effect with the base.

[0045] Preferably, in step S3, the tape casting is performed by a rapid solidification tape casting device, and the technical parameters of the tape casting are as follows: the linear speed of the copper roller is 25-40 m / s, the spraying pressure is 0.15-0.5 MPa, and the overheat degree of the filler metal liquid is 60-140℃, so as to obtain a filler metal thin strip with a thickness of 20-50 μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3 μm.

[0046] Preferably, in step S4, the post-treatment includes removing the surface oxide film, cleaning, drying under vacuum or inert gas protection, and aging treatment, and the aging treatment is performed at a temperature of 120-250℃ for 2-10 h.

[0047] In the embodiment, the specific operation of removing the surface oxide film can be: first, immerse the thin strip in an alkaline solution at room temperature with a pH of 7-9 for 3-15 minutes to remove the surface light oxide film and improve the cleanliness of the thin strip surface, thereby providing good surface conditions for subsequent processing. The specific operation of cleaning can be: rinsing with deionized water for 2-6 times to completely remove residual alkaline solution and other impurities, thereby ensuring the purity of the thin strip surface and preventing impurities from adversely affecting the performance of the filler metal. The specific operation of drying can be: low-temperature drying at 60-120 DEG C under high-purity nitrogen protection to remove moisture and ensure that the thin strip is in a dry state, thereby preventing moisture from causing adverse chemical reactions in subsequent aging treatment and other processes. The specific operation of aging treatment can be: placing the thin strip in an oven at a temperature of 120-250 DEG C for 2-10 hours. Aging treatment can further optimize the microstructure of the filler metal, promote the uniform diffusion of alloying elements, eliminate internal stress, and improve the comprehensive performance of the filler metal, such as strength, hardness and toughness, thereby better meeting application requirements.

[0048] After the post-processing is completed, the product is subjected to comprehensive quality detection by using non-destructive testing techniques (such as X-ray diffraction detection) to ensure that the product is free of internal defects and has performance meeting high standard requirements. For the product that passes the detection, precise cutting and vacuum packaging are performed to obtain the final high-performance aluminum-based filler metal. For the product that fails the detection, precise classification is performed and the product is returned to the corresponding process for adjustment or scrap processing.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the preparation method proposed in the application obtains high-performance aluminum-based filler metal with accurate component content, uniform element distribution and good consistency through the synergistic effect of various process links. The preparation method proposed in the application has the advantages of short production cycle, energy saving and consumption reduction, stability and controllability, high preparation efficiency and low preparation cost, which helps to improve the market competitiveness of the material and meet the large-scale demand in the field of high-end precision manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0051] Figure 1 The product photo obtained in Example 1 of the present application.

[0052] Figure 2 The product photo obtained in Example 1 of the present application. Figure 1 The photo of a single aluminum-based filler metal.

[0053] Figure 3 The photo of a single aluminum-based filler metal. Figure 2 The photo of the product for brazing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] In the following examples and comparative examples, the pretreatment operation of the silicon block, the copper block, the aluminum block and the lanthanum-cerium-neodymium alloy block in step S1 includes the following operations performed in sequence: cleaning the surface with a degreasing agent, drying, polishing the surface with sandpaper to remove the oxide layer, ethanol cleaning, and vacuum drying.

[0056] In the following examples and comparative examples, in step S2, the preparation method of the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase is specifically as follows: the powders of trace elements are added into ethanol containing 5wt% of polyvinylpyrrolidone according to the stoichiometric ratio, ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 40min, and an organic dispersion liquid with uniform and stable trace element concentration of 6wt% is formed. The preparation method of the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase is specifically as follows: the nano-aluminum oxide powder and the nano-silicon carbide powder are added into ethanol containing 5wt% of polyvinylpyrrolidone according to the stoichiometric ratio, ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 40min, and an organic dispersion liquid with uniform and stable nano-enhanced phase concentration of 12wt% is formed.

[0057] In the following examples and comparative examples, in step S4, the post-treatment operation specifically includes the following operations performed in sequence: removing the surface oxide film, cleaning, drying under inert gas protection, and aging treatment. The specific operation of removing the surface oxide film is as follows: first, the thin strip is immersed and cleaned in a room temperature sodium bicarbonate solution with pH 8 for 10min to remove the surface light oxide film. The specific operation of cleaning is as follows: rinsing with deionized water for 4 times. The specific operation of drying is as follows: drying at a low temperature of 100℃ under high-purity nitrogen protection to remove moisture. The specific operation of aging treatment can be as follows: placing it in an oven at a temperature of 200℃ for 6h.

[0058] It should be noted that the operations or raw materials not described in detail below are all obtained by using conventional technical means in the art. The test operations of each performance involved in the following examples and comparative examples are all conventional test operations in the art; when the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, impact toughness and corrosion resistance of the products obtained in the following examples and comparative examples are detected, each product is detected in parallel for 3 times and the detection results of the 3 times are recorded.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A high-performance aluminum-based filler metal, comprising the following components: silicon 10 wt%, copper 5 wt%, lanthanum 0.1 wt%, cerium 0.2 wt%, neodymium 0.2 wt%, titanium 0.08 wt%, zirconium 0.08 wt%, boron 0.02 wt%, vanadium 0.02 wt%, nano-enhanced phase 1.5 wt%, and the balance of aluminum, wherein the nano-enhanced phase is a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0061] The product is prepared according to the following operation steps:

[0062] S1, silicon block, copper block, aluminum block, lanthanum cerium neodymium alloy block are pretreated and then accurately weighed according to stoichiometric ratio; titanium powder and zirconium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 1-10 μm, boron powder and vanadium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm; nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 1-100 nm are prepared;

[0063] S2, first, the remaining raw materials except for trace elements and nano-enhanced phase are smelted by electric arc with a current of 400-1000 A and a voltage of 15-35 V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, then the pre-melted alloy liquid is poured into a cooling mold, cooled at a cooling rate of 30-150 ℃ / s and a pre-alloy ingot is obtained, then the pre-alloy ingot is broken and vacuum induction smelted, during vacuum induction smelting, first, the temperature is programmed to 750-850 ℃ and kept for 5-30 min, then the organic dispersion liquid of nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of trace elements are slowly added at a rate of 0.5-6 ml / min and 0.5-2 ml / min respectively, electromagnetic stirring is started, the stirring rate is 300-800 Hz and the magnetic field strength is 0.05-0.3 T, and the temperature is kept for 25-65 min to obtain a filler metal liquid;

[0064] S3, the filler metal liquid is spun by a rapid solidification spinning equipment, the technical parameters of spinning are as follows: the linear speed of copper roller is 25-40 m / s, the spraying pressure is 0.15-0.5 MPa, and the superheat degree of the filler metal liquid is 60-140 ℃, finally, a filler metal thin strip with a thickness of 20-50 μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3 μm is obtained.

[0065] S4, post-treatment.

[0066] The obtained product is shown in the photos Figure 1 and Figure 2 When it is used for brazing, the appearance is shown in Figure 3 Test proves that the yield strength is 245-255 MPa, the tensile strength is 295-305 MPa, the elongation is 14.5%-15.5%, the impact toughness is ≥50 J / cm 2 , the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.05 mm / a, and the comprehensive performance of the product is good, which can meet the use needs in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A high-performance aluminum-based solder comprises the following components in the following proportions: silicon 8 wt%, copper 4 wt%, lanthanum 0.2 wt%, cerium 0.3 wt%, neodymium 0.3 wt%, titanium 0.12 wt%, zirconium 0.12 wt%, boron 0.03 wt%, vanadium 0.03 wt%, a nano-reinforcing phase 1.5 wt%, and Al as the balance. The nano-reinforcing phase is a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a 1:1 mass ratio. Its preparation method is consistent with that of Example 1.

[0069] The resulting product has a yield strength of 250-260 MPa, a tensile strength of 300-310 MPa, an elongation of 15%-16%, and an impact toughness of ≥52 J / cm. 2 The corrosion resistance is ≤0.048mm / a. Compared with Example 1, all properties have been improved. Obviously, increasing the amount of rare earth elements and trace elements while appropriately reducing the amount of silicon and copper will not only not affect the performance of the solder, but will also further improve the overall performance of the solder. The synergistic effect of trace elements and rare earth elements helps to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal comprises the following components in the following proportions: silicon 12 wt%, copper 6 wt%, lanthanum 0.3 wt%, cerium 0.4 wt%, neodymium 0.5 wt%, titanium 0.16 wt%, zirconium 0.16 wt%, boron 0.04 wt%, vanadium 0.04 wt%, a nano-reinforcing phase 1.5 wt%, and the balance being Al. The nano-reinforcing phase is a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a 1:1 mass ratio. Its preparation method is consistent with that of Example 1.

[0072] The resulting product has a yield strength of 255-265 MPa, a tensile strength of 305-315 MPa, an elongation of 15.5%-16.5%, and an impact toughness ≥55 J / cm. 2 The corrosion resistance is ≤0.046 mm / a. Compared with Example 1, all properties are significantly improved; however, compared with Example 2, although there are improvements, the increase is relatively small. Considering the cost and effect of the improvements, the cost-effectiveness of the product in Example 3 is not as good as that in Example 2.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] A high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal comprises the following components in the following proportions: silicon 9 wt%, copper 4.5 wt%, lanthanum 0.15 wt%, cerium 0.25 wt%, neodymium 0.2 wt%, titanium 0.1 wt%, zirconium 0.1 wt%, boron 0.03 wt%, vanadium 0.02 wt%, nano-reinforcing phase 0.3 wt%, and Al balance. The nano-reinforcing phase is a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a mass ratio of 7:3.

[0075] S1, the silicon block, copper block, aluminum block, lanthanum cerium neodymium alloy block is pretreated and then accurately weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio; the titanium powder and zirconium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 1-10 μm, the boron powder and vanadium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm; prepare nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 1-100 nm;

[0076] S2, first melt the remaining raw materials except for trace elements and nano-enhanced phase by electric arc with a current of 1000 A and a voltage of 15 V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, then pour the pre-melted alloy liquid into a cooling mold, cool at a cooling rate of 150 ℃ / s and obtain a pre-alloy ingot, then crush the pre-alloy ingot and perform vacuum induction melting, first program the temperature to 750 ℃ and keep for 30 min, then slowly add the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements at a rate of 0.5 ml / min and 2 ml / min respectively, start electromagnetic stirring with a stirring rate of 300 Hz and a magnetic field strength of 0.3 T, continue to keep for 25 min to obtain a solder liquid;

[0077] S3, perform tape casting by a rapid solidification tape casting device, the technical parameters of tape casting are: the copper roller linear velocity is 40 m / s, the spraying pressure is 0.15 MPa, and the solder liquid superheat degree is 140 ℃, finally obtain a solder thin strip with a thickness of 20 μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3 μm.

[0078] S4, post-treatment.

[0079] The yield strength of the obtained product is 230-240 MPa, the tensile strength is 280-290 MPa, the elongation is 13%-14%, the impact toughness is ≥45 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.06 mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] A high-performance aluminum-based solder, comprising the following components in the following amounts: silicon 11 wt%, copper 5.5 wt%, lanthanum 0.2 wt%, cerium 0.25 wt%, neodymium 0.25 wt%, titanium 0.12 wt%, zirconium 0.12 wt%, boron 0.03 wt%, vanadium 0.02 wt%, nano-enhanced phase 1 wt%, and Al balance, the nano-enhanced phase is a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide with a mass ratio of 3:7.

[0082] The above product is prepared according to the following operation steps:

[0083] S1, the silicon block, copper block, aluminum block, lanthanum cerium neodymium alloy block is pretreated and then accurately weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio; the titanium powder and zirconium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 1-10 μm, the boron powder and vanadium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm; prepare nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 1-100 nm;

[0084] S2, first melt the remaining raw materials except for trace elements and nano-enhanced phase by using an electric arc with a current of 400 A and a voltage of 35 V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, then pour the pre-melted alloy liquid into a cooling mold, cool at a cooling rate of 30 ℃ / s and obtain a pre-alloy ingot, then break the pre-alloy ingot and perform vacuum induction melting, first program the temperature to 850 ℃ and keep for 5 min, then slowly add the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements at a rate of 6 ml / min and 0.5 ml / min respectively, start electromagnetic stirring with a stirring rate of 800 Hz and a magnetic field strength of 0.05 T, continue to keep for 65 min to obtain a solder liquid;

[0085] S3, perform tape casting by a rapid solidification tape casting device, the technical parameters of tape casting are: the copper roller linear velocity is 25 m / s, the spraying pressure is 0.5 MPa, and the solder liquid superheat degree is 60 ℃, finally obtain a solder thin strip with a thickness of 50 μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3 μm.

[0086] S4, post-treatment.

[0087] The yield strength of the obtained product is 252-262 MPa, the tensile strength is 308-318 MPa, the elongation is 15.2%-16.2%, the impact toughness is ≥53 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.047 mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0088] Example 6

[0089] A high-performance aluminum-based solder, comprising the following components in the following amounts: silicon 13 wt%, copper 5 wt%, lanthanum 0.3 wt%, cerium 0.35 wt%, neodymium 0.35 wt%, titanium 0.14 wt%, zirconium 0.14 wt%, boron 0.04 wt%, vanadium 0.04 wt%, nano-enhanced phase 2 wt%, and the balance of Al, the nano-enhanced phase being a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a mass ratio of 4:6.

[0090] The above product is prepared according to the following operation steps:

[0091] S1, the silicon block, copper block, aluminum block, lanthanum cerium neodymium alloy block is pretreated and then accurately weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio; the titanium powder and zirconium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 1-10 μm, the boron powder and vanadium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm; prepare nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 1-100 nm;

[0092] S2, first melt the remaining raw materials except for trace elements and nano-enhanced phase by using an electric arc with a current of 1000 A and a voltage of 20 V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, then pour the pre-melted alloy liquid into a cooling mold, cool at a cooling rate of 30 ℃ / s and obtain a pre-alloy ingot, then break the pre-alloy ingot and perform vacuum induction melting, first program the temperature to 850 ℃ and keep for 25 min, then slowly add the organic dispersion liquid of the nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of the trace elements at a rate of 0.5 ml / min and 2 ml / min respectively, start electromagnetic stirring with a stirring rate of 600 Hz and a magnetic field strength of 0.05 T, continue to keep for 65 min to obtain a solder liquid;

[0093] S3, perform tape casting by a rapid solidification tape casting device, the technical parameters of tape casting are: the copper roller linear velocity is 30 m / s, the spraying pressure is 0.15 MPa, and the solder liquid superheat degree is 140 ℃, finally obtain a solder thin strip with a thickness of 30 μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3 μm.

[0094] S4, post-treatment.

[0095] The yield strength of the obtained product is 258-268 MPa, the tensile strength is 312-322 MPa, the elongation is 15.8%-16.8%, the impact toughness is ≥56 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.045 mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0096] Example 7

[0097] A high-performance aluminum-based solder, comprising the following components in the following amounts: silicon 10 wt%, copper 7 wt%, lanthanum 0.4 wt%, cerium 0.5 wt%, neodymium 0.6 wt%, titanium 0.16 wt%, zirconium 0.16 wt%, boron 0.05 wt%, vanadium 0.05 wt%, nano-enhanced phase 3 wt%, and the balance of Al, the nano-enhanced phase being a mixture of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a mass ratio of 6:4.

[0098] The above product is prepared according to the following operation steps:

[0099] S1, the silicon block, copper block, aluminum block, lanthanum cerium neodymium alloy block is pretreated first, then accurately weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio; the titanium powder and zirconium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 1-10 μm, the boron powder and vanadium powder are ball milled to an average particle size of 0.5-5 μm; prepare nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder with a particle size of 1-100 nm;

[0100] S2, first melt the remaining raw materials except trace elements and nano-enhanced phase by electric arc with current 400A and voltage 35V to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid, then pour the pre-melted alloy liquid into a cooling mold, cool at a cooling rate of 80℃ / s and obtain a pre-alloy ingot, then break the pre-alloy ingot and perform vacuum induction melting, first program the temperature to 750℃ and keep for 30 min, then slowly add the organic dispersion liquid of nano-enhanced phase and the organic dispersion liquid of trace elements at a rate of 1 ml / min and 0.5 ml / min respectively, start electromagnetic stirring with stirring rate 800 Hz and magnetic field strength 0.25T, continue to keep for 25 min to obtain a solder liquid;

[0101] S3, perform tape casting by a rapid solidification tape casting device, the technical parameters of tape casting are: copper roller linear velocity is 40 m / s, jetting pressure is 0.4 MPa, and the solder liquid superheat degree is 60℃, finally obtain a solder thin strip with thickness 50 μm and thickness tolerance within ±3 μm.

[0102] S4, post-treatment.

[0103] The yield strength of the obtained product is 250-260 MPa, the tensile strength is 300-310 MPa, the elongation is 14.5%-15.5%, the impact toughness is ≥50 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.052 mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the high-end precision manufacturing field.

[0104] Example 8

[0105] Compared with example 1, the content of lanthanum and neodymium is adjusted to 0.15wt%, and the rest including the preparation method remains the same as example 1.

[0106] The yield strength of the obtained product is 246-256 MPa, the tensile strength is 300-310 MPa, the elongation is 14.6%-15.6%, the impact toughness is ≥50.5 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.047 mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the high-end precision manufacturing field.

[0107] Example 9

[0108] Compared with example 1, the contents of silicon, copper and nano-reinforced phase are unchanged, and the contents of rare earth elements and trace elements are adjusted as follows: lanthanum 0.5wt%, cerium 0.8wt%, neodymium 0.7wt%, titanium 0.12wt%, zirconium 0.12wt%, boron 0.03wt%, vanadium 0.03wt%.

[0109] The yield strength of the obtained product is 260-270MPa, the tensile strength is 315-325MPa, the elongation is 16%-17%, the impact toughness is ≥58J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.044mm / a. The obtained product has good performance and can meet the use needs in the field of high-end precision manufacturing.

[0110] Example 10

[0111] Compared with example 1, the contents of silicon, copper and nano-reinforced phase are unchanged, and the contents of rare earth elements and trace elements are adjusted as follows: lanthanum 0.5wt%, cerium 0.8wt%, neodymium 0.7wt%, titanium 0.12wt%, zirconium 0.12wt%, boron 0.03wt%, vanadium 0.03wt%.

[0112] Example 11

[0113] Compared with example 1, the contents of silicon, copper and nano-reinforced phase are unchanged, and the contents of rare earth elements and trace elements are adjusted as follows: lanthanum 0.5wt%, cerium 0.8wt%, neodymium 0.7wt%, titanium 0.12wt%, zirconium 0.12wt%, boron 0.03wt%, vanadium 0.03wt%.

[0114] Example 12

[0115] Compared with example 1, the contents of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium are all adjusted to 0.5wt%.

[0116] After testing, examples 10, 11 and 12 can all obtain high-performance aluminum-based filler metal, but the performance is not as good as example 1

[0117] Example 13

[0118] Compared with example 8, the total content of titanium and zirconium is unchanged at 0.28wt%, but the content ratio of titanium to zirconium is 1:0.6.

[0119] Example 14

[0120] Compared with example 8, the total content of titanium and zirconium is unchanged at 0.28wt%, but the content ratio of titanium to zirconium is 1:0.7.

[0121] Example 15

[0122] Compared with example 8, the total content of titanium and zirconium is unchanged at 0.28wt%, but the content ratio of titanium to zirconium is 1.5:1.

[0123] The mechanical properties of the products obtained in Comparative Example 8, Example 13, Example 14 and Example 15 are in the order of: Example 15 > Example 8 > Example 14 > Example 13, and the order of the corrosion resistance is consistent with the order of the mechanical properties. Obviously, the content ratio of titanium and zirconium has a greater influence on the mechanical properties of the brazing filler metal, which is closely related to the grain refinement and the construction of high-performance microstructure.

[0124] Comparative Example 1

[0125] Compared with Example 1, no rare earth element is added, the contents of silicon, copper, trace elements and nano-enhanced phase are consistent with those of Example 1, and the preparation method is also consistent with that of Example 1.

[0126] The yield strength of the obtained product is 220-230 MPa, the tensile strength is 270-280 MPa, the elongation is 12%-13%, the impact toughness is ≥40 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.07 mm / a. Obviously, the lack of rare earth elements is not conducive to the wettability, oxidation resistance and joint strength of the brazing filler metal, resulting in significant deterioration of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] Compared with Example 1, no cerium is added in the rare earth element, the contents of silicon, copper, lanthanum, neodymium, trace elements and nano-enhanced phase are consistent with those of Example 1, and the preparation method is also consistent with that of Example 1.

[0129] The yield strength of the obtained product is 238-248 MPa, the tensile strength is 288-298 MPa, the elongation is 13.8%-14.8%, the impact toughness is ≥47 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.062 mm / a. Obviously, although the use of lanthanum and neodymium in the rare earth element is better than not adding any rare earth element, it does not reach the best state, and the joint addition of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium can achieve the best performance.

[0130] Comparative Example 3

[0131] Compared with Example 1, equal amounts of boron and vanadium are added in the trace elements, and no titanium and zirconium are added, and the rest including the preparation method are consistent with those of Example 1.

[0132] The yield strength of the obtained product is 230-240 MPa, the tensile strength is 280-290 MPa, the elongation is 13%-14%, the impact toughness is ≥45 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.06 mm / a.

[0133] Comparative Example 4

[0134] Comparative Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that the addition of four trace elements has a significant influence on the mechanical properties, spreadability and corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal. Moreover, titanium and zirconium have a particularly significant influence on the above properties, while boron and vanadium have a relatively small influence. This is probably related to the fact that titanium and zirconium, in a defined ratio, help to refine the grains of the brazing filler metal and enhance its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

[0135] The yield strength of the product obtained is 240-250 MPa, the tensile strength is 290-300 MPa, the elongation is 14%-15%, the impact toughness is ≥48 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.055 mm / a.

[0136] Comparative Example 5

[0137] Comparative Example 1, the same amount of vanadium, the same amount of titanium, the same amount of zirconium are added to the trace elements, and the rest, including the preparation method, are the same as in Example 1.

[0138] The yield strength of the product obtained is 238-248 MPa, the tensile strength is 288-298 MPa, the elongation is 13.8%-14.8%, the impact toughness is ≥47 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.062 mm / a.

[0139] Comparative Example 6

[0140] Comparative Example 1, no trace elements are added, and the rest, including the preparation method, are the same as in Example 1.

[0141] The yield strength of the product obtained is 220-224 MPa, the tensile strength is 260-265 MPa, the elongation is 12.2%-12.5%, the impact toughness is ≥43 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.062 mm / a.

[0142] Comparative Example 1 with Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, it can be seen that the addition of four trace elements has a significant influence on the mechanical properties, spreadability and corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal. Moreover, titanium and zirconium have a particularly significant influence on the above properties, while boron and vanadium have a relatively small influence. This is probably related to the fact that titanium and zirconium, in a defined ratio, help to refine the grains of the brazing filler metal and enhance its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

[0143] Comparative Example 7

[0144] Comparative Example 1, the silicon content is adjusted to 3 wt%, and the copper content is adjusted to 10 wt%, and the rest, including the preparation method, are the same as in Example 1.

[0145] The yield strength of the product obtained is 210-220 MPa, the tensile strength is 260-270 MPa, the elongation is 11%-12%, the impact toughness is ≥35 J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance is ≤0.08 mm / a.

[0146] Comparative Example 8

[0147] Compared with Example 1, the copper content is adjusted to 10wt%, and the rest of the preparation method is consistent with Example 1.

[0148] The yield strength of the obtained product is 225-235MPa, the tensile strength is 275-285MPa, the elongation is 12.5%-13%, and the impact toughness is ≥42J / cm 2 , and the corrosion resistance performance is ≤0.068mm / a.

[0149] Comparing Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 with Example 1 can know that when the silicon and copper contents deviate from the reasonable range, the performance is significantly reduced, which further illustrates the key influence of the silicon and copper contents on the performance of the brazing filler metal.

[0150] In summary: the present application optimizes the types and proportions of each component in the aluminum-based brazing filler metal and cooperates through a scientifically designed preparation method to obtain a high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal with good comprehensive performance, which can meet the needs of high-end precision manufacturing, the product is lightweight, environmentally friendly and recyclable, the preparation method has low energy consumption, short preparation period, high efficiency and high repeatability, has strong market competitiveness, and is worthy of large-scale and industrialized application.

[0151] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can modify, modify, replace and deform the above embodiments within the scope of the present application. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

Claims

1. A high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal, characterized in that: The components include the following contents: silicon 5-15 wt%, copper 1-8 wt%, rare earth elements 0.2-2 wt%, trace elements 0.02-0.5 wt%, nano-reinforcing phase 0.3-3 wt%, and Al balance; The rare earth elements are a combination of lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium; The composition of trace elements is titanium, zirconium, boron and vanadium, with a titanium-zirconium content ratio of 1:(0.5-1) and a boron-vanadium content ratio of 1:(0.3-2); The nano-reinforcing phase is a combination of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide, with the content of nano-alumina in the nano-reinforcing phase being 30-70 wt%.

2. The high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components include the following contents: silicon 8-12 wt%, copper 3-6 wt%, rare earth elements 0.5-1.5 wt%, trace elements 0.15-0.5 wt%, nano-reinforcing phase 1-2 wt%, and Al balance; Among rare earth elements, the content ratio of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium is (2-3):(3-4):(2-3); Among the trace elements, the total content of titanium and zirconium is 0.2-0.4 wt%, and the total content of boron and vanadium is 0.1-0.3 wt%, with the titanium-zirconium content ratio being 1:(0.6-0.7) and the boron-vanadium content ratio being 1:(0.9-1.1).

3. The high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 2, characterized in that: Among the trace elements, the ratio of titanium to zirconium is 1.5:1, and the ratio of boron to vanadium is 1:

1.

4. The high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth element content is 0.5-1.2 wt%, the total titanium and zirconium content is 0.3-0.45 wt%, and the titanium-zirconium content ratio is 1:(0.8-0.9).

5. The high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper content is 5-7 wt%.

6. The high-performance aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The nano-reinforcing phase is a composition of nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide in a 1:1 mass ratio, with the average particle size of both nano-alumina and nano-silicon carbide being 10-100 nm.

7. A method for preparing a high-performance aluminum-based solder as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The operation includes the following steps: S1, raw material preparation; S2, composite melting; S3, belt spinning; S4, post-processing.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, The sources of silicon, copper, and aluminum are silicon blocks, copper blocks, and aluminum blocks, respectively; the source of rare earth elements is lanthanum-cerium-neodymium alloy blocks; the source of trace elements is titanium powder, zirconium powder, boron powder, and vanadium powder; and the source of nano-reinforcing phase is nano-alumina powder and nano-silicon carbide powder. Silicon blocks, copper blocks, aluminum blocks, and lanthanum-cerium-neodymium alloy blocks are pretreated and then accurately weighed according to stoichiometric ratios. The pretreatment includes treatment to improve the purity of the raw materials and / or treatment to activate the surface state of the raw materials.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the composite melting includes arc melting and vacuum induction melting. First, an arc with a current of 400-1000A and a voltage of 15-35V is used to melt the remaining raw materials except for trace elements and nano-reinforcing phases to obtain a pre-melted alloy liquid. Then, the pre-melted alloy liquid is poured into a cooling mold and cooled at a cooling rate of 30-150℃ / s to obtain a pre-alloy ingot. After that, the pre-alloy ingot is crushed and subjected to vacuum induction melting. During vacuum induction melting, the temperature is first programmed to rise to 750-850℃ and held for 5-30 minutes. Then, the organic dispersion of nano-reinforcing phase and the organic dispersion of trace elements are slowly added sequentially. Electromagnetic stirring is turned on with a stirring rate of 300-800Hz and a magnetic field strength of 0.05-0.3T. The temperature is then held for another 25-65 minutes to obtain the brazing filler metal liquid. Both the organic dispersion of the nano-reinforced phase and the organic dispersion of the trace elements were obtained by ultrasonically dispersing the nano-reinforced phase and the trace elements in an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent contained only C, H and O elements.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the strip is spun using a rapid solidification strip spinning device. The technical parameters for strip spinning are: copper roller linear speed of 25-40m / s, spray pressure of 0.15-0.5MPa, and brazing flux superheat of 60-140℃. Finally, a brazing flux strip with a thickness of 20-50μm and a thickness tolerance of ±3μm is obtained. In step S4, the post-processing includes: removing the surface oxide film, cleaning, drying under vacuum or inert gas protection, and aging treatment. The aging treatment is carried out at a temperature of 120-250℃ for 2-10 hours.

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