Breathable paving structure for improving growth environment of ancient trees

Abstract

The invention relates to a breathable pavement structure for improving the growth environment of an ancient tree, which comprises keels arranged around the trunk of the ancient tree, an overhead layer and plates, the overhead layer comprises foundation columns arranged underground at intervals, embedded iron and support columns connecting the embedded iron and the keels, a blind ditch is formed in the position, at the downstream position of the site drainage slope, in the empty space, a U-shaped resin drainage groove is formed in the blind ditch, the U-shaped resin drainage groove is covered with a stainless steel rainwater grate, and the blind ditch is connected with a water collecting well or a municipal drainage system through a drainage pipeline. And the earth surface of the empty space area is provided with a drainage gradient which is inclined towards the blind ditch direction by 0.5-1%. According to the breathable paving structure, through the design of the breathable paving system for improving the growth environment of the ancient tree, the influence of hard ground paving on root growth of the ancient tree is effectively relieved, the water permeability and the air permeability of soil are improved, it is ensured that no water is accumulated around the ancient tree through the drainage system, and the risk of root rot is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garden engineering, and in particular to a breathable paving structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more ancient trees are surrounded by hard paving environments, facing serious problems such as restricted growth, poor soil permeability, and poor drainage. Existing ancient tree protection measures, such as adding breathable paving and expanding tree pools, have alleviated these problems to a certain extent, but have not completely solved the risk of root rot caused by waterlogging. At the same time, traditional drainage systems are often set above the ground, taking up space and affecting the aesthetics of the landscape. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a breathable paving structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees, in particular a ground paving and drainage system designed for the protection of ancient trees, aiming to solve the problems of restricted growth, soil compaction and water accumulation faced by ancient trees in the process of urbanization.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a breathable paving structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees, comprising a keel arranged around the trunk of the ancient tree, an overhead layer arranged at the lower side of the keel, and a plate laid on the keel. The keel as a whole is formed by staggered arrangement of square galvanized steel pipes with a spacing of 40 to 80 cm, and the center of the keel is a circle with a diameter of 100 to 200 cm. The overhead layer comprises foundation columns arranged at intervals under the ground, embedded iron partially embedded at the top of the foundation columns, and support columns connecting the embedded iron and the keel. The foundation columns are cast with concrete with a strength of C20 or above. PVC pipe, the embedded iron includes four L-shaped embedded claws and a square top surface, the embedded claws are arranged inside the top of the foundation column, the square top surface is arranged outside the top of the foundation column, a culvert is arranged in the overhead layer at the downstream position of the drainage slope of the site, a U-shaped resin drainage trough is arranged in the culvert, the U-shaped resin drainage trough is covered with a stainless steel rainwater grate, the culvert is connected to a sump or a municipal drainage system through a drainage pipe, a stainless steel special-shaped grate is arranged at the pipe mouth of the drainage pipe, and the surface of the overhead layer area is provided with a drainage slope inclined by 0.5% to 1% toward the culvert.

[0005] Preferably, the square galvanized steel pipe has a height of 3 to 5 cm, a width of 5 to 8 cm, and a wall thickness of more than 0.2 cm.

[0006] Preferably, the width of the plate is 10-20 cm, the thickness is 2-6 cm, and there is a plate gap of 0.3-0.5 cm between adjacent plates.

[0007] Preferably, the PVC tube has a height of 30 to 50 cm, a diameter of 15 to 30 cm, and a tube wall thickness of 2 to 4 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the support column is a square galvanized steel pipe with a side length of 5 to 8 cm, a wall thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 cm, and a length of 15 to 25 cm; one end of the support column is welded to the square top surface of the embedded iron, and the other end is welded to the keel.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the dark ditch is 20 to 30 cm, and the depth is 25 to 40 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 10 to 20 cm.

[0011] Preferably, the breathable paving structure also includes an improved soil layer filled in the vertical projection area of ​​the crown of the ancient tree.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0013] The breathable pavement structure of the present invention improves the growth environment of ancient trees through the breathable pavement system design, effectively alleviating the impact of hard ground pavement on the root growth of ancient trees, increasing the water permeability and air permeability of the soil, and the drainage system ensures that there is no water accumulation around the ancient trees, reducing the risk of root rot.

[0014] Improve the beauty of the landscape: The pavement is parallel to the ground, maintaining the flatness of the landscape. The drainage system is hidden under the pavement, which does not affect the landscape effect. At the same time, it provides a rest space for pedestrians and prevents pedestrians from trampling on the soil around the ancient trees, causing soil compaction and other problems.

[0015] Reduce maintenance costs: The selected materials have excellent physical properties and environmental protection characteristics, which reduces the long-term maintenance cost of the paving; the culvert drainage system has a simple structure and is easy to clean and maintain.

[0016] Achieve harmonious unity of ecology and humanity: The present invention not only protects ancient trees, but also improves the overall aesthetics and functionality of the garden landscape, achieving harmonious unity of ecology and humanity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the breathable pavement structure;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the breathable pavement structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the breathable pavement structure from top to bottom. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] The present invention provides a breathable paving structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees, such as Figure 1 to Figure 3 , which shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the breathable paving structure includes a keel 2 arranged around the trunk 1 of the ancient tree, an overhead layer arranged at the lower side of the keel 2, and a plate 13 laid on the keel 2. The keel 2 is made of square galvanized steel pipes arranged in a staggered manner with a spacing of 40 to 80 cm. The center of the keel 2 is a circle with a diameter of 100 to 200 cm. The overhead layer includes foundation columns 3 arranged at intervals under the ground 15, embedded iron 4 partially embedded on the top of the foundation column 3, and a support column 6 connecting the embedded iron 4 and the keel 2. The foundation column 3 is a PVC pipe cast with concrete of strength above C20, and the embedded iron 4 is wrapped with a PVC pipe. It consists of four L-shaped embedded claws 5 and a square top surface, the embedded claws 5 are arranged in the top of the foundation column 3, and the square top surface is arranged on the outside of the top of the foundation column 3. A culvert is arranged in the overhead layer at the downstream position of the drainage slope of the site, and a U-shaped resin drainage trough 7 is arranged in the culvert, and the U-shaped resin drainage trough 7 is covered with a stainless steel rainwater grate 8. The culvert is connected to a water collection well or a municipal drainage system 11 through a drainage pipe 10, and a stainless steel special-shaped grate 9 is arranged at the pipe mouth of the drainage pipe 10. The surface of the overhead layer area is provided with a drainage slope inclined by 0.5% to 1% in the direction of the culvert 12.

[0024] The board 13 is a lightweight, durable, corrosion-resistant, and weather-resistant board. For example, common solid wood boards, plastic wood boards, inorganic materials, etc., are used in the market. The width of the board 13 is 10 to 20 cm, and the thickness is 2 to 6 cm. Figure 3 As shown, the plates 13 are spaced apart by a plate gap 14 of 0.3 to 0.5 cm.

[0025] The keel 2 is made of square galvanized steel pipe as the keel material to ensure that the paving is stable, not collapsed, and not tilted. The square galvanized steel pipe is 3 to 5 cm high, 5 to 8 cm wide, and has a wall thickness of more than 0.2 cm. The spacing between keels 2 is 40 to 80 cm, and keels 2 are arranged crosswise up and down. A circular tree pool with a diameter of 100 to 200 cm is set in the center according to the size of the ancient tree, and the central keel is circular.

[0026] The overhead layer is composed of a foundation column 3, an embedded iron 4, and a support column 6. The foundation column 3 is mainly composed of a PVC pipe. Preferably, the height of the PVC pipe is 30 to 50 cm, the diameter is 15 to 30 cm, and the wall thickness is 2 to 4 mm. Concrete with a strength of C20 or above is poured in the PVC pipe. The embedded iron 4 is composed of four L-shaped embedded claws 5 and a square top surface with a side length of 8 to 10 cm, and is embedded in the top of the foundation column 3. The support column 6 is a square galvanized steel pipe with a height of 5 to 8 cm, a width of 5 to 8 cm, a wall thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 cm, and a length of 15 to 25 cm. One end is welded to the embedded iron 4 and the other end is welded to the keel 2. The foundation column 3 and the embedded iron 4 are below the ground 15, and the support column 6 is above the ground 15 to form an overhead layer. The surface of the overhead layer area is provided with a drainage slope of 0.5% to 1% inclined in the direction of the dark ditch 12, which is convenient for rainwater to flow naturally. The elevated floor provides air connectivity for ancient trees and space for drainage, ensuring the natural circulation of air and water and promoting soil respiration and water supply and drainage.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, a dark ditch is set in the overhead layer below the plate 13 and the keel 2. The position of the dark ditch is set downstream of the drainage slope of the site according to the terrain to facilitate the collection of rainwater. The width of the dark ditch is 20-30cm and the depth is 25-40cm, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. A U-shaped resin drainage trough 7 with a thickness of 2mm is set in the dark ditch. The inner wall of the U-shaped resin drainage trough 7 is smooth and easy to clean and maintain. A stainless steel rainwater grate 8 is set on the U-shaped resin drainage trough 7 to prevent clogging by large particles. The dark ditch is connected to a drainage pipe 10 with a diameter of 10-20cm PVC and is connected to a water collection well or a municipal drainage system 11. A stainless steel special-shaped grate 9 is set at the pipe mouth to prevent large particles from clogging the drainage outlet and ensure that the accumulated water is quickly discharged.

[0028] Furthermore, the breathable pavement structure also includes an improved soil layer filled in the vertical projection area of ​​the crown of the ancient tree. The soil improvement layer is filled with loose, breathable, and water-retaining improved soil, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and microbial agents are added to the soil to improve soil fertility and microbial activity, so as to promote the growth of the roots of the ancient trees.

[0029] Specifically, the improved soil layer is 20 to 30 cm below the surface. The soil is improved due to the pedaling. After the soil is turned over with a shovel to loosen it, the soil is replaced with loose, breathable, and water-retaining improvement materials, such as peat soil, perlite, vermiculite, etc., to increase the soil's nutrient content and water permeability. In addition, an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and microbial agents are added to improve soil fertility and microbial activity to promote the growth of ancient tree roots.

[0030] The breathable pavement structure of the present invention improves the growth environment of ancient trees through the breathable pavement system design, effectively alleviating the impact of hard ground pavement on the root growth of ancient trees, increasing the water permeability and air permeability of the soil, and the drainage system ensures that there is no water accumulation around the ancient trees, reducing the risk of root rot.

[0031] Improve the beauty of the landscape: The pavement is parallel to the ground, maintaining the flatness of the landscape. The drainage system is hidden under the pavement, which does not affect the landscape effect. At the same time, it provides a rest space for pedestrians and prevents pedestrians from trampling on the soil around the ancient trees, causing soil compaction and other problems.

[0032] Reduce maintenance costs: The selected materials have excellent physical properties and environmental protection characteristics, which reduces the long-term maintenance cost of the paving; the culvert drainage system has a simple structure and is easy to clean and maintain.

[0033] Achieve harmonious unity of ecology and humanity: The present invention not only protects ancient trees, but also improves the overall aesthetics and functionality of the garden landscape, achieving harmonious unity of ecology and humanity.

[0034] Furthermore, the construction of the breathable pavement structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees of the present invention can be carried out according to the following steps:

[0035] 1. Prefabrication of foundation columns: C20 concrete is poured into the PVC pipe, and embedded iron is placed in the center of the top. Watering and curing begins within 3 to 4 hours after final setting. This should be done according to local climatic conditions and the type of cement used. The duration is generally 21 to 28 days. Common curing methods include natural curing, spray curing, and plastic film wrapping curing. These methods can effectively keep the concrete surface moist and prevent premature evaporation of water, thereby improving the strength and durability of the concrete. It can be put into use after 28 days.

[0036] 2. After cleaning the site, prepare the surface to a slope of 0.5% to 1%.

[0037] 3. Dig a drainage ditch and place a U-shaped resin drainage trough. Set a stainless steel grate on the U-shaped resin drainage trough to prevent clogging by large particles. The hidden ditch is connected to a 10-20cm diameter PVC drainage pipe and connected to a water collection well or municipal drainage system, and a stainless steel grate is set at the pipe mouth.

[0038] 4. Installation of foundation columns: Arrange the support column points with a keel at intervals, and pay attention to avoid the roots of ancient trees. Dig a trench with a depth of 30 to 50 cm according to the height of the foundation column and a width of 15 to 30 cm greater than the diameter of the foundation column. Tamp the soil with a compaction degree of ≥ 94%, then put in the foundation column and fill and compact it, with the top height flush with the ground.

[0039] 5. Installation of keels: The keels are divided crosswise with the trunk as the center. A circular tree pool with a diameter of 100 to 200 cm is set in the center according to the size of the ancient tree. The keels are circular. The keels are arranged on both sides with a spacing of 40 to 80 cm. The intersection position coincides with the foundation column.

[0040] 6. Welding: Weld the support column and embedded iron, and weld the keel and support column.

[0041] 7. Laying the boards: The width of the boards should be 10 to 20 cm, the thickness should be 2 to 6 cm, and the length at both ends should be enough to cover the keel. There should be a gap of 0.3 to 0.5 cm between the boards.

[0042] 8. Regularly carry out soil maintenance work such as loosening and fertilizing to maintain good soil structure and fertility.

[0043] To further illustrate the technical solution and effect of the present invention, the renovation of the ancient tree platform in Badachu Park in Beijing is taken as an example. The breathable pavement structure based on the improvement of the growth environment of the ancient trees is used to transform the original hard pavement of the ancient trees. By laying the breathable pavement structure, water-permeable and air-permeable holes or gaps are reserved, and a certain space is left between the pavement layer and the soil surface layer to keep the soil permeable and air-permeable. The test results are as follows:

[0044] The test results before the transformation are as follows:

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] The test results after the transformation are as follows:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] Through comparative experiments and tests, it was found that the physical and chemical properties of the soil using the pavement structure of the present invention were better than those of the soil under the traditional closed pavement, and more soil physical and chemical properties were controlled within the reference value, proving the positive effect of the present invention.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A breathable paving structure for improving the growth environment of ancient trees, characterized by: The invention comprises a keel (2) arranged around the trunk (1) of an ancient tree, an overhead layer arranged under the keel (2), and a plate (13) laid on the keel (2); the keel (2) is formed by staggered arrangement of square galvanized steel pipes with a spacing of 40 to 80 cm; the center of the keel (2) is a circle with a diameter of 100 to 200 cm; the overhead layer comprises foundation columns (3) arranged at intervals below the ground (15), embedded iron (4) partially embedded on the top of the foundation column (3), and a support column (6) connecting the embedded iron (4) and the keel (2); the foundation column (3) is a PVC pipe cast with concrete of strength above C20; the embedded iron (4) comprises The invention is composed of four L-shaped embedded claws (5) and a square top surface, wherein the embedded claws (5) are arranged inside the top of the foundation column (3), and the square top surface is arranged outside the top of the foundation column (3). A culvert is arranged in the overhead layer at the downstream position of the drainage slope of the site, and a U-shaped resin drainage groove (7) is arranged in the culvert, and the U-shaped resin drainage groove (7) is covered with a stainless steel rainwater grate (8). The culvert is connected to a water collection well or a municipal drainage system (11) through a drainage pipe (10), and a stainless steel special-shaped grate (9) is arranged at the pipe mouth of the drainage pipe (10). The surface of the overhead layer area is provided with a drainage slope inclined by 0.5% to 1% in the direction of the culvert (12).

2. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square galvanized steel pipe has a height of 3 to 5 cm, a width of 5 to 8 cm, and a wall thickness of more than 0.2 cm.

3. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the plate (2) is 10 to 20 cm, the thickness is 2 to 6 cm, and there is a plate gap (14) of 0.3 to 0.5 cm between adjacent plates (2).

4. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVC pipe has a height of 30 to 50 cm, a diameter of 15 to 30 cm, and a wall thickness of 2 to 4 mm.

5. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column (6) is a square galvanized steel pipe with a side length of 5 to 8 cm, a wall thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 cm, and a length of 15 to 25 cm; one end of the support column (6) is welded to the square top surface of the embedded iron (4), and the other end is welded to the keel (2).

6. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the dark ditch is 20 to 30 cm, and the depth is 25 to 40 cm.

7. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (10) is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 10 to 20 cm.

8. The breathable paving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breathable paving structure also includes an improved soil layer filled in the vertical projection area of ​​the crown of the ancient tree.

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