Light beam shaping assembly, display equipment and manufacturing method of light beam shaping assembly

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a light beam shaping assembly, a display device and a manufacturing method of the light beam shaping assembly, and relates to the technical field of light display, and the light beam shaping assembly is high in control precision of light beams. The beam shaping assembly comprises a first metasurface device and a second metasurface device, and the second metasurface device is arranged on the light emitting side of the first metasurface device; the first metasurface device comprises a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group; the second metasurface device comprises a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group; the first unit cell group is used for collimating the first light beam to form a first collimated light beam, and the third unit cell group is used for deflecting the first collimated light beam; the second unit cell group is used for collimating the second light beam to form a second collimated light beam, and the fourth unit cell group is used for deflecting the second collimated light beam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical display technology, and in particular to a beam shaping component, a display device, and a method for manufacturing the beam shaping component. Background Art

[0002] 3D display technology is the current mainstream display technology. The 3D images displayed by 3D display technology are more three-dimensional and realistic than flat images (2D images), and 3D display technology improves the visual experience of viewers. Among 3D display technologies, multi-view naked-eye 3D display technology has attracted much attention. Among them, multi-view naked-eye 3D display technology allows viewers to watch 3D images without wearing glasses, which is in line with the viewing habits of viewers.

[0003] At present, most display devices built based on multi-view naked-eye 3D display technology include a display panel and a beam shaping component. The multi-viewpoints include the viewer's left eye viewpoint and the right eye viewpoint. The display panel displays the left eye image corresponding to the left eye viewpoint and the right eye image corresponding to the right eye viewpoint, respectively, and emits left eye image light and right eye image light. The beam shaping component transmits the left eye image light to the viewer's left eye viewpoint and transmits the right eye image light to the viewer's right eye viewpoint, so that the viewer's left eye sees the left eye image and the right eye sees the right eye image, thereby allowing the viewer to see the 3D image. However, the existing beam shaping component has a low control accuracy for the left eye image light and the right eye image light. For example, when the beam shaping component transmits the left eye image light to the viewer's left eye viewpoint, it also transmits part of the left eye image light to the viewer's right eye viewpoint, resulting in a large crosstalk between the left eye viewpoint and the right eye viewpoint, affecting the effect of the display device displaying the 3D image. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a beam shaping component, a display device, and a method for manufacturing the beam shaping component. The beam shaping component has high control accuracy on the light beam.

[0005] In the first aspect, a beam shaping component is provided, comprising: a first metasurface device and a second metasurface device, wherein the second metasurface device is arranged on the light-emitting side of the first metasurface device; the first metasurface device comprises a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group; the second metasurface device comprises a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group; the first unit cell group is used to collimate the first light beam to form a first collimated light beam, and the third unit cell group is used to deflect the first collimated light beam; the second unit cell group is used to collimate the second light beam to form a second collimated light beam, and the fourth unit cell group is used to deflect the second collimated light beam. In the beam shaping component, the first unit cell group collimates the first light beam to generate a first collimated light beam, transmits the first collimated light beam to the third unit cell group, and the third unit cell group is used to deflect the first collimated light beam; the second unit cell group collimates the second light beam to generate a second collimated light beam, transmits the second collimated light beam to the fourth unit cell group, and the fourth unit cell group is used to deflect the second collimated light beam. Among them, the first metasurface device includes a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group, and the second metasurface device includes a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group, which means that each unit cell group in the first metasurface device collimates a light beam to generate a collimated light beam, and transmits the collimated light beam to the second metasurface device, and each unit cell group in the second metasurface device deflects a collimated light beam. Usually, the light beam transmitted to the beam shaping component has a certain divergence angle, so the beam shaping component first collimates and then deflects the light beam transmitted to the beam shaping component. Compared with the existing beam shaping component directly deflecting the light beam with a divergence angle, the beam shaping component can accurately deflect the collimated light beam to the target position and avoid strong high-order diffraction, thereby making the beam shaping component have a higher control accuracy on the light beam. Then, when the beam shaping component is set in the display device, due to the high control accuracy of the beam shaping component on the light beam, the crosstalk between any two viewpoints of the display device will be reduced, and the effect of the display device displaying three-dimensional images will be improved.

[0006] Optionally, the first metasurface device further includes a first substrate, and the first unit cell group and the second unit cell group are arranged on the first substrate; the second metasurface device further includes a second substrate, and the third unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged on the second substrate; the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group are arranged face to face, and the second unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged face to face. In this optional manner, wherein the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group are arranged face to face, and the second unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged face to face, the first collimated light beam can be directly transmitted to the third unit cell group, and the second collimated light beam can be directly transmitted to the fourth unit cell group, so as to avoid the first collimated light beam or the second collimated light beam passing through other media (such as the second substrate) and then being refracted, and further improve the control accuracy of the light beam by the beam shaping component.

[0007] Optionally, the first unit cell group includes a plurality of first unit cells arranged in an array, the plurality of first unit cells include a first first unit cell and a second first unit cell, wherein the distance between the geometric center of the first first unit cell and the center of the first unit cell group is equal to the distance between the geometric center of the second first unit cell and the center of the first unit cell group, and the phase modulation amount of the first first unit cell is the same as the phase modulation amount of the second first unit cell. In this optional manner, the first light beam is specifically a Gaussian light beam, wherein when the first light beam is transmitted to the first unit cell group, the phase distribution diagram of the first light beam in the plane where the first unit cell group is located extends outward from the center of the phase distribution diagram, and the phase changes periodically, wherein the phases on the circular ring with the center of the phase distribution diagram as the center and the radius as a fixed value are equal, and have rotational symmetry. In order to collimate the light beam for the first time, it is necessary to offset the phase distribution of the first light beam in the plane where the first unit cell group is located by using the plurality of first unit cells arranged in an array in the first unit cell group. Therefore, when the distance between the geometric center of the first first unit cell and the center of the first unit cell group is equal to the distance between the geometric center of the second first unit cell and the center of the first unit cell group, the phase modulation amount of the first first unit cell is the same as the phase modulation amount of the second first unit cell.

[0008] Optionally, the second first unit cell and the third first unit cell have the same height and radial dimension. In this optional manner, the phase modulation amount of the first unit cell is It is related to the height and radial size of the first unit cell. Specifically, Among them, H 1 is the height of the first unit cell, n eff1 is the equivalent refractive index of the first unit cell, λ 1 is the wavelength of the first light beam, and n eff1 It is related to the radial size of the first unit cell. Therefore, the phase modulation amount of the first unit cell close to the center of the first unit cell group is different from the phase modulation amount of the first unit cell far from the center of the first unit cell group. Specifically, the first unit cell close to the center of the first unit cell group has a different height and / or a different radial size than the first unit cell far from the center of the first unit cell group.

[0009] Optionally, the third unit cell group is specifically used to deflect the first collimated light beam to form a first deflected light beam; the third unit cell group includes a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array, and the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction of the deflected light beam are different, and the phase modulation amounts of the plurality of second unit cells arranged along the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction are the same. In this optional manner, based on the generalized law of refraction Among them, n t is the refractive index of the refracting medium, n i is the refractive index of the incident medium, is the refraction angle, The angle of incidence is Among them, x' is the deflection direction, y' is the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction, is the phase modulation amount of the second unit cell at any position in the coordinate system formed by the deflection direction and the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction; α is the deflection angle of the first deflected beam, λ 2 is the wavelength of the first deflected light beam. That is to say, a coordinate system is established with the deflection direction of the first deflected light beam and the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction. When the deflection angle of the first deflected light beam and the wavelength of the first deflected light beam are determined, the phase modulation amount of the second unit cell at different positions is only related to the position of the second unit cell in the deflection direction x'. That is, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction x' of the second deflected light beam are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple second unit cells arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction are the same.

[0010] Optionally, any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction have different heights and / or different radial dimensions; a plurality of second unit cells arranged along the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial dimension. In this optional manner, the phase modulation amount of the second unit cells is It is related to the height and radial dimension of the second unit cell. Specifically, Among them, H 2 is the height of the second unit cell, n eff2 is the equivalent refractive index of the second unit cell, λ 2 is the wavelength of the first collimated beam, and n eff2 It is related to the radial size of the second unit cell. Therefore, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction of the deflected light beam are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple second unit cells arranged in the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction are the same. Specifically, any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction have different heights and / or different radial sizes; and multiple second unit cells arranged in the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial size.

[0011] Optionally, the first pixel unit emits a first light beam; the spacing between the surfaces facing each other of the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group is less than or equal to 15 times the side length of the first pixel unit; and / or, along the first direction, the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit; and / or, along the second direction, the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the plane where the first direction and the second direction are located is perpendicular to the transmission path of the first collimated light beam. In this optional mode, the larger the spacing between the surfaces facing each other of the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device; when the spacing between the surfaces facing each other of the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group is less than or equal to 15 times the side length of the first pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%. Along the first direction, the larger the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device; along the first direction, when the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%. Along the second direction, the larger the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device; along the second direction, when the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%.

[0012] Optionally, the first metasurface device also includes a fifth unit cell group; the second metasurface device also includes a sixth unit cell group; the fifth unit cell group is used to collimate the third light beam to form a third collimated light beam, and the sixth unit cell group is used to deflect the third collimated light beam.

[0013] In a second aspect, a display device is provided, comprising a display panel, and a beam shaping component as described in any one of the first aspects above, wherein the beam shaping component is arranged on a light emitting side of the display panel; the display panel comprises a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit is used to emit a first light beam to the beam shaping component; and the second pixel unit is used to emit a second light beam to the beam shaping component.

[0014] Optionally, the first light beam is used to display a first image, and the second light beam is used to display a second image; the third unit cell group in the beam shaping component is used to deflect the first collimated light beam to form a first deflected light beam, and transmit the first deflected light beam to a first viewpoint; the fourth unit cell group in the beam shaping component is used to deflect the second collimated light beam to form a second deflected light beam, and transmit the second deflected light beam to a second viewpoint; the positions of the first viewpoint and the second viewpoint are different.

[0015] Optionally, the display panel also includes a third pixel unit; the third pixel unit is used to emit a third light beam to the beam shaping component, and the third light beam is used to display a third image; the first metasurface device also includes a fifth unit cell group; the second metasurface device also includes a sixth unit cell group; the fifth unit cell group is used to collimate the third light beam to form a third collimated light beam; the sixth unit cell group is used to deflect the third collimated light beam to form a third deflected light beam, and transmit the third deflected light beam to a third viewpoint; the first viewpoint and the third viewpoint are at different positions, and the second viewpoint and the third viewpoint are at different positions.

[0016] In a third aspect, a method for manufacturing a beam shaping component is provided, comprising: manufacturing a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group on a first substrate to obtain a first metasurface device; manufacturing a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group on a second substrate to obtain a second metasurface device; wherein the second metasurface device is arranged on the light-emitting side of the first metasurface device; the first unit cell group is used to collimate the first light beam to form a first collimated light beam, and the third unit cell group is used to deflect the first collimated light beam; the second unit cell group is used to collimate the second light beam to form a second collimated light beam, and the fourth unit cell group is used to deflect the second collimated light beam.

[0017] Optionally, the second metasurface device is arranged on the light output side of the first metasurface device, including: the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group are arranged face to face, and the second unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged face to face.

[0018] Among them, the technical effects brought about by any possible implementation method of the second to third aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different implementation methods of the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam shaping assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-section along AA';

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a first unit cell group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 A phase distribution diagram of a first light beam transmitted to a plane where a first unit cell group is located provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 For Figure 6 The phase distribution diagram shown is a phase distribution diagram after discretization processing;

[0026] Figure 8 A relationship diagram between the radial size of the first unit cell and the phase modulation amount of the first unit cell, and a relationship diagram between the radial size of the first unit cell and the transmittance of the first unit cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 9 A top view of a first unit cell group provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of focusing collimated light through a lens to generate a first light beam with a predetermined divergence angle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.11 An intensity distribution diagram of a first light beam provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.12 A phase diagram of a first light beam provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.13 A simulation diagram of a first collimated light beam provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third unit cell group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.15 for Fig.10 A phase modulation distribution diagram of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in the third unit cell group shown;

[0034] Fig.16 A top view of a second unit cell group provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of phase modulation amounts of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in a third unit cell group provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.18 A simulation diagram of a first deflected light beam provided for another embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of phase modulation amounts of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in a third unit cell group provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 20 A simulation diagram of a first deflected light beam provided for yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.21 A simulation diagram of a first deflected light beam provided for yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 22 A schematic structural diagram of a third unit cell group provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 A phase modulation distribution diagram of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in the third unit cell group shown;

[0042] Fig.24 A schematic structural diagram of a third unit cell group provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.25 for Fig.24 A phase modulation distribution diagram of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in the third unit cell group shown;

[0044] Fig.26 A schematic structural diagram of a third unit cell group provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 27 for Fig.26 A phase modulation distribution diagram of a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array in the third unit cell group shown;

[0046] Fig.28 A schematic structural diagram of a beam shaping assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.29 A relationship diagram between the distance between the surfaces of the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group facing each other and the side length of the first pixel unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.30 A relationship diagram between the spacing between the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group along the first direction and the side length of the first pixel unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.31 A schematic structural diagram of a beam shaping assembly provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.32 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.33 A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.34 A schematic structural diagram of a display device provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technological terms used herein have the same meaning as those known to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B, which may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are a kind of "or" relationship. "At least one of the following (individuals)" or its similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (individuals) or plural items (individuals). For example, at least one of a, b or c (individuals) may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a, b and c, wherein a, b and c may be single or multiple. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and order.

[0055] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0058] Figure 1: is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The display device 10 may be a large-screen display device such as an advertising screen (billboard), a monitor, a television (such as a smart screen), a laptop computer, a tablet computer, etc. In some scenarios, the display device 10 may be a mobile phone, an e-reader, or a wearable device. In other scenarios, the display device 10 may also be an in-vehicle display device, such as a head up display (HUD), a co-pilot display, a seat back display, and other devices. Among them, Figure 1 The display device 10 shown is described by taking a display as an example.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the display device 10 may include a housing 11 and a display panel 12. Of course, Figure 1 What is shown is only an example of the display device 10 , and this example does not limit the structure of the display device 10 . In other examples, the display device 10 may further include more structures or components.

[0060] The housing 11 includes a frame and a back cover. The frame can be arranged around the periphery of the back cover. The housing 11 can include, for example, a middle frame of the display device 10. In one example, the middle frame of the display device 10 can be accommodated in the inner periphery of the frame. In another example, the middle frame of the display device 10 can serve as the frame of the housing 11.

[0061] The display panel 12 is used to provide a display function. Viewers can view media resources such as images and videos displayed by the display panel 12. The display panel 12 can be mounted on the housing 11. The periphery of the display panel 12 can be against the inner edge of the frame. The frame can fix the display panel 12 on the housing 11. The display panel 12 and the back cover can be respectively installed on both sides of the frame, so that the housing 11 can provide mechanical protection for the devices inside the display device, especially the devices on the display panel 12. The display panel 12 can be fixed on the middle frame of the display device 10, for example.

[0062] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a display panel 12, wherein the display panel 12 includes a backlight layer 121, a liquid crystal layer 122 and a filter film 123. Figure 2 As shown, along the z-axis direction, the liquid crystal layer 122 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight layer 121 , and the filter film 123 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal layer 122 .

[0063] Exemplarily, the backlight layer 121 includes a plurality of light-emitting devices 1210 arranged in an array. The light-emitting device 1210 may be a chip with a light-emitting function, or the light-emitting device 1210 includes a light-emitting diode (LED), a sub-millimeter light-emitting diode (Mini-LED) and a micron light-emitting diode (MicroLed).

[0064] The liquid crystal layer 122 includes a plurality of liquid crystal units 1220 arranged in an array, wherein transparent electrodes are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal units along the z-axis direction, and the transmittance ratio (also called gray scale, the transmittance ratio ranges from 0 to 100%) of the liquid crystal units 1220 can be controlled by controlling the voltage of the transparent electrodes. For example, when the voltage of the transparent electrodes on both sides of the liquid crystal unit 1220 is a first voltage value, the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits 100% of the light beam transmitted from the light emitting device L to the liquid crystal unit 1220 to the filter film 123, that is, the liquid crystal unit 1220 is fully light-transmitting; when the voltage of the transparent electrodes on both sides of the liquid crystal unit 1220 is a second voltage value, the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits 50% of the light beam transmitted from the light emitting device L to the liquid crystal unit 1220 to the filter film 123; when the voltage of the transparent electrodes on both sides of the liquid crystal unit 1220 is a third voltage value, the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits 0% of the light beam transmitted from the light emitting device L to the liquid crystal unit 1220 to the filter film 123, that is, the liquid crystal unit 1220 is not light-transmitting.

[0065] Exemplarily, the display panel 12 is further used to receive image frames transmitted to the display panel 12 by the control module of the display device 10 , and determine the light transmittance ratio of each of the plurality of liquid crystal units 1220 in the liquid crystal layer 122 according to the image frames.

[0066] The filter film 123 includes a plurality of filter units 1230 arranged in an array, wherein one liquid crystal unit 1220 corresponds to one filter unit 1230. When a red filter film (red, R) is set in the filter unit 1230 corresponding to the liquid crystal unit 1220, the filter unit 1230 will emit red light after the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits the light beam to the filter unit 1230; when a green filter film (green, G) is set in the filter unit 1230 corresponding to the liquid crystal unit 1220, the filter unit 1230 will emit green light after the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits the light beam to the filter unit 1230; when a blue filter film (blue, B) is set in the filter unit 1230 corresponding to the liquid crystal unit 1220, the filter unit 1230 will emit blue light after the liquid crystal unit 1220 transmits the light beam to the filter unit 1230.

[0067] Exemplarily, it is also generally said that the display panel 12 includes pixel units 120 arranged in an array, wherein the pixel unit 120 includes a light emitting device 1210 , a liquid crystal unit 1220 and a filter unit 1230 .

[0068] Exemplarily, when the display panel 12 displays an image, the unit for measuring the image is a pixel. In some examples, a pixel includes three pixel units 120, of which the first pixel unit emits red light, the second pixel unit emits green light, and the third pixel unit emits blue light. The color finally displayed by the pixel is determined by the color value of the red light emitted by the first pixel unit, the color value of the green light emitted by the second pixel unit, and the color value of the blue light emitted by the third pixel unit. By changing the color value of the red light emitted by the first pixel unit, and / or the color value of the green light emitted by the second pixel unit, and / or the color value of the blue light emitted by the third pixel unit, the pixel can display all colors that the viewer's vision can perceive.

[0069] Specifically, among the three pixel units 120 of a pixel point, a red filter film is set in the filter unit 1230 of the first pixel unit, and the transmittance ratio of the liquid crystal unit 1220 of the first pixel unit determines the color value of the red light emitted by the first pixel unit; a green filter film is set in the filter unit 1230 of the second pixel unit, and the transmittance ratio of the liquid crystal unit 1220 of the second pixel unit determines the color value of the green light emitted by the second pixel unit; a blue filter film is set in the filter unit 1230 of the third pixel unit, and the transmittance ratio of the liquid crystal unit 1220 of the third pixel unit determines the color value of the blue light emitted by the third pixel unit.

[0070] More specifically, the display panel 12 receives the image frame transmitted to the display panel 12 by the control module of the display device 10, determines the color value of the red light emitted by the first pixel unit in each pixel point, the color value of the green light emitted by the second pixel unit, and the color value of the blue light emitted by the third pixel unit according to the image frame, and then displays the image corresponding to the image frame.

[0071] In other embodiments, a pixel point may also include more than three pixel units, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] Figure 1The display device 10 shown displays images through a display panel 12 to provide visual experience to viewers who are viewing the display device. Among them, three-dimensional images can better present the real world, so the display device 10 is constantly developing in the direction of displaying three-dimensional images. Among them, the display device 10 displays three-dimensional images based on visual displacement characteristics. For example, when two plane images with different depth information are transmitted to the left eye and the right eye of the viewer respectively, the viewer's brain performs image fusion and depth reconstruction on the two plane images with different depth information, and a stereoscopic image can be viewed.

[0073] Exemplarily, the technology of displaying three-dimensional images by the display device 10 is called three-dimensional (3D) display technology. 3D display technology is divided into two categories: glasses-type 3D display technology and naked-eye 3D display technology. Glasses-type 3D display technology mainly makes the viewer wear lenses with different polarization states for the left and right eyes, so that the viewer's left eye receives the left eye image and the right eye receives the right eye image. The left eye image and the right eye image have different depth information. The viewer fuses the left eye image and the right eye image in his brain and reconstructs the depth, so as to view the stereoscopic image.

[0074] Compared with the glasses-type 3D display technology, the advantage of naked-eye 3D display technology is that it does not require the use of glasses and is more in line with the viewing habits of viewers. At present, multi-viewpoint naked-eye 3D display technology is booming. Most display devices constructed based on multi-viewpoint naked-eye 3D display technology include a display panel and a beam shaping component. The multi-viewpoints include the left eye viewpoint and right eye viewpoint of viewer 1, the left eye viewpoint and right eye viewpoint of viewer 2... The display panel displays the left eye image corresponding to the left eye viewpoint of viewer 1, the right eye image corresponding to the right eye viewpoint of viewer 1, the left eye image corresponding to the left eye viewpoint of viewer 2, the right eye image corresponding to the right eye viewpoint of viewer 2..., and emits the left eye image light of viewer 1, the right eye image light of viewer 1, and the right eye image light of viewer 2. The left eye image light of viewer 2 and the right eye image light of viewer 2, the beam shaping component transmits the left eye image light of viewer 1 to the left eye viewpoint of viewer 1, transmits the right eye image light of viewer 1 to the right eye viewpoint of viewer 1, transmits the left eye image light of viewer 2 to the left eye viewpoint of viewer 2, and transmits the right eye image light of viewer 2 to the right eye viewpoint of viewer 2, so that the left eye of viewer 1 sees the left eye image and the right eye sees the right eye image, the left eye of viewer 2 sees the left eye image and the right eye sees the right eye image, so that viewer 1 and viewer 2 see a three-dimensional image. However, the existing beam shaping component has low control accuracy for the left-eye image light and the right-eye image light. For example, when the beam shaping component transmits the left-eye image light of viewer 1 to the left-eye viewpoint of viewer 1, part of the left-eye image light is also transmitted to the right-eye viewpoint of viewer 1, resulting in greater crosstalk between the left-eye viewpoint of viewer 1 and the right-eye viewpoint of viewer 1, affecting the effect of the display device in displaying three-dimensional images.

[0075] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam shaping component, which has high control accuracy on the light beam. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam shaping assembly 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-section along AA', see Figure 3 As shown, the beam shaping component 30 includes: a metasurface device 31 (also referred to as a first metasurface device) and a metasurface device 32 (also referred to as a second metasurface device), and the metasurface device 32 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the metasurface device 31. Figure 3 As shown, the metasurface device 32 is arranged on one side of the metasurface device 31 in the z direction. After the light beam is transmitted to the beam shaping component 30, it first passes through the metasurface device 31 and then passes through the metasurface device 32.

[0076] like Figure 3As shown, the metasurface device 31 includes a unit cell group 310 arranged in an M*N array, and the metasurface device 32 includes a unit cell group 320 arranged in an M*N array. Wherein, M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; or M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. And, in Figure 3 In the beam shaping assembly 30 shown, a unit cell group 310 and a unit cell group 320 act on the same light beam. Specifically, a unit cell group 310 and a unit cell group 320 are aligned in the z-axis direction, and the light beam is transmitted from the unit cell group 310 to the unit cell group 320 along the z-axis direction.

[0077] More specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, the metasurface device 31 includes a unit cell group 310a (also called a first unit cell group) and a unit cell group 310b (also called a second unit cell group); the metasurface device 32 includes a unit cell group 320a (also called a third unit cell group) and a unit cell group 320b (also called a fourth unit cell group); the unit cell group 310a is aligned with the unit cell group 320a in the z-axis direction, and the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a act on the same light beam, which can be, for example, Figure 4 As shown in the light beam S1 (also called the first light beam), the unit cell group 310b and the unit cell group 320b are aligned in the z-axis direction, and the unit cell group 310b and the unit cell group 320b act on the same light beam, which can be, for example, Figure 4 The light beam S2 (also called the second light beam) is shown.

[0078] Reference Figure 4 As shown, generally, the light beam S1 transmitted to the unit cell group 310a is not a collimated light beam, and the light beam S1 has a certain divergence angle, wherein, Figure 4 The divergence angle of the light beam S1 shown is θ1. After the light beam S1 is transmitted to the unit cell group 310a, the unit cell group 310a is used to collimate the light beam S1 to form a collimated light beam S11 (also called a first collimated light beam). The collimated light beam S11 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320a. The unit cell group 320a is used to deflect the collimated light beam S11 and then output it.

[0079] Reference Figure 4 As shown, generally, the light beam S2 transmitted to the unit cell group 310b is not a collimated light beam, and the light beam S2 has a certain divergence angle, wherein, Figure 4 The divergence angle of the light beam S2 shown is θ2. After the light beam S2 is transmitted to the unit cell group 310b, the unit cell group 310b is used to collimate the light beam S2 to form a collimated light beam S21 (also called a second collimated light beam). The collimated light beam S21 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320b. The unit cell group 320b is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21 and then output it.

[0080] exist Figure 4In the beam shaping component 30 shown, the unit cell group 310a collimates the light beam S1 to generate a collimated light beam S11, and transmits the collimated light beam S11 to the unit cell group 320a, and the unit cell group 320a is used to deflect the collimated light beam S11; the unit cell group 310b collimates the light beam S2 to generate a collimated light beam S21, and transmits the collimated light beam S21 to the unit cell group 320b, and the unit cell group 320b is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21. Among them, the metasurface device 31 includes the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 310b, and the metasurface device 32 includes the unit cell group 320a and the unit cell group 320b, which means that each unit cell group in the metasurface device 31 collimates one light beam to generate a collimated light beam, and transmits the collimated light beam to the metasurface device 32, and each unit cell group in the metasurface device 32 deflects one collimated light beam. Generally, the light beam transmitted to the beam shaping component 30 has a certain divergence angle. Therefore, the beam shaping component 30 first collimates and then deflects the light beam transmitted to the beam shaping component 30. Compared with the existing beam shaping component directly deflecting the light beam with a divergence angle, the beam shaping component 30 can accurately deflect the collimated light beam to the target position and avoid strong high-order diffraction, thereby making the beam shaping component 30 more accurate in controlling the light beam. Figure 3 When the beam shaping component 30 shown is disposed in a display device, the beam shaping component 30 has a high control accuracy on the light beam, thereby reducing the crosstalk between any two viewpoints of the display device, thereby improving the effect of the display device in displaying three-dimensional images.

[0081] For example, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the metasurface device 31 further includes a substrate 311, and the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 310b are arranged on the substrate 311; the metasurface device 32 further includes a substrate 321, and the unit cell group 320a and the unit cell group 320b are arranged on the substrate 321; wherein, in the beam shaping component 30, the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a are arranged face to face, and the unit cell group 310b and the unit cell group 320b are arranged face to face. wherein, the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a are arranged face to face, and the unit cell group 310b and the unit cell group 320b are arranged face to face, so that the collimated light beam S11 can be directly transmitted to the unit cell group 320a, and the collimated light beam S21 can be directly transmitted to the unit cell group 320b, so as to avoid the collimated light beam S11 or the collimated light beam S21 passing through other media (such as the substrate 321) and then being refracted, and further improve the control accuracy of the light beam by the beam shaping component 30.

[0082] For example, Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the unit cell group 310a provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the unit cell group 310a includes a plurality of unit cells 3100 (also referred to as first unit cells) arranged in an array, and the plurality of unit cells 3100 include unit cells 3100a (also referred to as the first first unit cell) and unit cells 3100b (also referred to as the second first unit cell), wherein the distance L4 between the geometric center of unit cell 3100a and the center of the unit cell group 310a is equal to the distance L5 between the geometric center of unit cell 3100b and the center of the unit cell group 310a, and the phase modulation amount of unit cell 3100a is the same as the phase modulation amount of unit cell 3100b. Exemplarily, the light beam S1 is specifically a Gaussian light beam, wherein when the light beam S1 is transmitted to the unit cell group 310a, the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S1 in the plane where the unit cell group 310a is located is as shown in Figure 6 As shown, in Figure 6 In the phase distribution diagram shown, the phase is positively correlated with the brightness. The higher the brightness, the larger the phase, and the darker the brightness, the smaller the phase. Figure 6 It can be seen that the phase changes periodically from the center of the phase distribution diagram outward, wherein the phase on the circular ring with the center of the phase distribution diagram as the center and the radius as a fixed value is equal, and has rotational symmetry. In order to collimate the light beam S1, it is necessary to offset the phase distribution of the light beam S1 in the plane where the unit cell group 310a is located through the multiple unit cells 3100 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 310a. Therefore, when the distance L4 between the geometric center of the unit cell 3100a and the center of the unit cell group 310a is equal to the distance L5 between the geometric center of the unit cell 3100b and the center of the unit cell group 310a, the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100a is the same as the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100b.

[0083] Exemplarily, when determining the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a, the following steps are specifically included: referring to Figure 6 As shown, first, determine the phase distribution of the light beam S1 transmitted to the plane where the unit cell group 310a is located. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 6 The phase distribution diagram shown in FIG. 1 is discretized, and the step length of the discretization process is the lattice period of the unit cell 3100. For example, when the lattice period of the unit cell 3100 is 500 nm and the side length of the unit cell group 310a is 9.0 microns, Figure 6 The phase distribution diagram shown is discretized to obtain Figure 7 The phase blocks of the 18*18 array distribution are shown, wherein the phase quantity of each phase block in the 18*18 array distribution phase block is recorded as The unit cell group 310a specifically includes unit cells 3100 arranged in an 18*18 array, and a unit cell 3100 and a phase block have the same position in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located, and the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 is Equal to the phase quantity of the phase block at the position of the unit cell 3100 The opposite of Finally, the shape and size of the unit cells 3100 arranged in the 18*18 array are determined according to the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cells 3100 arranged in the 18*18 array.

[0084] For example, the phase quantity of the phase block at the position of the unit cell 3100a is Phase modulation amount of unit cell 3100a in, Therefore, it can also be said that the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100a is Typically, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 is mapped to the range of [0, 2π].

[0085] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the unit cell 3100 is specifically cylindrical. When the unit cell 3100 is cylindrical, the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100 is It is related to the height of the cylinder (the size of the unit cell 3100 along the z-axis direction) and the radial size (the diameter of the unit cell 3100 in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis are located). Specifically, (Formula 1), where H 1 is the height of the unit cell 3100, n eff1 is the equivalent refractive index of the unit cell 3100, λ 1 is the wavelength of the beam S1, and n eff1 Related to the radial dimension of the unit cell 3100. For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The horizontal axis in the figure represents the radial size (diameter, in nanometers nm) of the unit cell 3100, the vertical axis on the left corresponds to curve 1, which represents the transmittance of the unit cell 3100, and the vertical axis on the right corresponds to curve 2, which represents the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100. The material of the unit cell 3100 includes silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 The material of the substrate 311 is a low-loss transparent dielectric material. For example, the material of the substrate 311 includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , and the height of the unit cell 3100 is set to 800nm, the height of the substrate 311 is set to 2 micrometers (μm), and the lattice period of the unit cell 3100 is set to 500nm, Figure 8 As can be seen from curve 1 in FIG. 3 , the transmittance of the unit cell 3100 is independent of the radial dimension of the unit cell 3100 , and the transmittance is determined by the material and thickness of the unit cell 3100 and the material and thickness of the substrate 311 . Figure 8 From curve 2 in Figure 2, we can see that the phase modulation of the unit cell 3100 is positively correlated with the radial dimension of the unit cell 3100. In addition, according to Formula 1, the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3100 is Positively correlated with the height of unit cell 3100.

[0086] Among them, the distance L4 between the geometric center of unit cell 3100a and the center of unit cell group 310a is equal to the distance L5 between the geometric center of unit cell 3100b and the center of unit cell group 310a. The phase modulation amount of unit cell 3100a is the same as the phase modulation amount of unit cell 3100b. Then, unit cell 3100a and unit cell 3100b have the same height and the same radial size.

[0087] For example, when designing each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a, the radial dimensions of the unit cells 3100 can be changed while the heights of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a are fixed to be equal, so as to design a unit cell 3100 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirements. Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 310a is a top view of the unit cell group 310a, wherein the unit cells 3100 on the ring with the center of the unit cell group 310a as the center and the radius r1 have the same height and the same radial size. Alternatively, the unit cell 3100 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement can be designed by changing the height of the unit cell 3100 while fixing the radial size of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a to be equal. Alternatively, the unit cell 3100 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement can be directly designed without fixing the radial size of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a or the height of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a.

[0088] For example, Figure 5 The unit cell 3100 shown may also be prismatic. When the unit cell 3100 is prismatic, the radial dimension of the unit cell 3100 includes the dimension of the unit cell 3100 in the x-axis direction and the dimension of the unit cell 3100 in the y-axis direction. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific shape of the unit cell 3100.

[0089] For example, refer to Fig.10 As shown, in Figure 3 When the beam shaping assembly 30 shown is arranged in a display device, the light emitting device in the display panel of the display device may specifically be a MicroLed, wherein the divergence angle of the light beam emitted by the MicroLed is 20 degrees. Fig.10 Schematic diagram of focusing collimated light through a lens to generate a beam S1 with a divergence angle of 20 degrees. Fig.10 As shown, the monitor is set on the right side of the lens, where according to the numerical aperture formula of the lens Where n is the refractive index of the light beam, θ1 is the divergence angle of the light beam S1, R is the spot radius of the light beam S1 when it is transmitted to the monitor, specifically, the side length of the unit cell group 310a can be 6.5μm, then R is 3.25μm at most, and f is the focal length of the lens, wherein, according to the numerical aperture formula of the lens, combined with the spot radius of 3.25μm when the light beam S1 is transmitted to the monitor, the divergence angle of the light beam S1 is 20 degrees, and the refractive index of the light beam is 1, it can be known that the focal length of the lens should be 8.9293μm. And the distance between the lens and the monitor is 2f, and then the collimated light can be focused by the lens to produce a light beam S1 with a divergence angle of 20 degrees. And the wavelength of the collimated light is 625 nanometers (nm), then the wavelength of the light beam S1 is also 625nm.

[0090] For example, the collimated light is focused by a lens to generate a light beam S1 with a divergence angle of 20 degrees. The amplitude distribution diagram of the light beam S1 transmitted to the plane where the monitor is located is shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the amplitude of the light beam S1 is positively correlated with the brightness. The higher the brightness, the larger the amplitude, and the darker the brightness, the smaller the amplitude. The phase distribution diagram of the light beam S1 transmitted to the plane where the monitor is located is shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown, the phase is positively correlated with the brightness. The higher the brightness, the larger the phase, and the darker the brightness, the smaller the phase. Fig.12 It can be seen that extending outward from the center of the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S1, the phase changes periodically, wherein the phases on a circular ring with a fixed radius and the center of the phase distribution diagram as the center are equal, and have rotational symmetry.

[0091] When the collimated light is focused by the lens to generate a light beam S1 with a divergence angle of 20 degrees and transmitted to the unit cell group 310a, the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S1 on the plane where the unit cell group 310a is located is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the side length of the unit cell group 310a is 6.5 μm, the unit cell group 310a includes a plurality of unit cells 3100 arranged in an array, and the lattice period of the unit cell 3100 is 500 nm as an example, then the unit cell group 310a specifically includes unit cells 3100 arranged in a 13*13 array. The material of the substrate 311 of the unit cell group 310a includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , the height of the substrate 311 is 2 μm. Figure 6 The phase distribution diagram shown in FIG. 1 is discretized, and the step length of the discretization process is the lattice period of the unit cell 3100, thereby obtaining a phase block with a 13*13 array distribution, wherein the phase amount of each phase block in the 13*13 array distribution phase block is recorded as The unit cell group 310a specifically includes unit cells 3100 arranged in a 13*13 array, and a unit cell 3100 and a phase block are located in the same position in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located, and the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 is Equal to the phase quantity of the phase block at the position of the unit cell 3100 The opposite of Finally, the shape and size of the unit cells 3100 arranged in the 13*13 array are determined according to the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cells 3100 arranged in the 13*13 array. Specifically, in this embodiment, the height of the unit cell 3100 is set to 800 nm, and the unit cell 3100 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement is designed by changing the radial size of the unit cell 3100.

[0092] After each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a is arranged, the unit cell group 310a Fig.10 The light beam S1 generated in the process is collimated to generate a collimated light beam S11, and the collimated light beam S11 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320a, wherein the simulation diagram of the collimated light beam S11 is as shown in FIG. Fig.13 As shown, Fig.13 (a) in FIG. 1 is specifically a near-field electric field distribution diagram of the collimated light beam S11, where: Fig.13 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the x-axis direction. Fig.13 The ordinate of (a) represents the z-axis direction. Fig.13 As can be seen from (a) in FIG. 1 , the collimated light beam S11 can be called collimated parallel light. Fig.13 (b) is the far-field distribution diagram of the collimated light beam S11, where the bright spot in the middle is the light spot of the collimated light beam S11 in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located. Fig.13 In (b), the abscissa represents the sine value of the divergence angle of the collimated light beam S11 in the x-axis direction, and the ordinate represents the sine value of the divergence angle of the collimated light beam S11 in the y-axis direction. Fig.13 (c) is the intensity distribution diagram of the collimated beam S11 in the x-axis direction, where: Fig.13 The horizontal axis of (c) represents the sine value of the divergence angle of the collimated light beam S11 in the x-axis direction. Fig.13 The ordinate in (c) represents the normalized intensity. Fig.13 (d) is the intensity distribution diagram of the collimated light beam S11 in the y-axis direction, where: Fig.13 The horizontal axis of (d) represents the sine value of the divergence angle of the collimated light beam S11 in the y-axis direction. Fig.13 The vertical axis of (d) in FIG. 1 represents the normalized intensity. Fig.13 (c) and Fig.13 As shown in (d), the intensity of the collimated beam S11 decays to 1 / e 2The width is 0.100504, e is a natural constant, half of 0.100504 is 0.050252, and by calculating arcsin(0.050252), it can be obtained that the divergence angle of the collimated light beam is approximately 2.8804 degrees, which is less than or equal to 3 degrees. In the simulation, the transmission efficiency of the unit cell group 310a can also be obtained as 82.9% through the power monitor.

[0093] For example, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the unit cell group 320a is specifically used to deflect the collimated light beam S11 to form a deflected light beam S12 (also called a first deflected light beam); the unit cell group 320b is specifically used to deflect the collimated light beam S21 to form a deflected light beam S22. Fig.14 As shown, Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a unit cell group 320a provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the unit cell group 320a emits a deflected light beam S12; the unit cell group 320a includes a plurality of unit cells 3200 (also referred to as second unit cells) arranged in an array, and the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S12 are different, and the phase modulation amounts of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction are the same. For example, based on the generalized law of refraction (Formula 2), where n t is the refractive index of the refracting medium, n i is the refractive index of the incident medium, is the refraction angle, The angle of incidence is given by formula 2. (Formula 3), where x' is the deflection direction, y' is the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction, is the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200 at any position in the coordinate system formed by the deflection direction and the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction; α is the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12, λ 2 is the wavelength of the deflected light beam S12. That is to say, a coordinate system is established with the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction. When the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12 and the wavelength of the deflected light beam S12 are determined, the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200 at different positions is only related to the position of the unit cell 3200 in the deflection direction x'. That is, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction are the same.

[0094] Specifically, refer to Fig.14 As shown, in Fig.14In the unit cell group 320a shown, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the x-axis direction, that is, the deflected light beam S12 is deflected along the x-axis direction compared to the collimated light beam S11. Fig.14 The deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12 shown, that is, the angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 is α1. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the positive direction of the x-axis compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α1 is a positive number. In other embodiments, Fig.14 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 can also be α2. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the negative direction of the x-axis compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α2 is specifically a negative number.

[0095] When the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the x-axis direction, the phase modulation amount distribution diagram of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig.15 As shown, specifically, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the x-axis direction are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the y-axis direction are the same. Fig.15 As shown, when the side length of the unit cell group 320a is 8.5 μm and the lattice period of the unit cell 3200 is 500 nm, the unit cell group 320a is specifically provided with unit cells 3200 arranged in a 17*17 array, wherein the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a is at a position of 0 in the x-axis direction and at a position of 0 in the y-axis direction, and the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the +x direction are at positions 1S, 2S, 3S…8S in the x ... The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -x direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-8S, respectively. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the +y direction in the y-axis direction are 1S, 2S, 3S...8S, respectively. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -y direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-8S, respectively. Wherein, S specifically represents the lattice period of the unit cell 3200, which is 500nm. For example, by substituting x'=-8S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.15 The phase modulation of the first row of unit cells 3200 is shown; Substituting x'=-7S into the above formula 3, we can get Fig.15 The phase modulation of the second row of unit cells 3200 is shown as follows; ... Substituting x'=8S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.15The phase modulation amount of the last column of unit cells 3200 is shown, where Fig.15 The placement shown is, from left to right, the first row of cells, the second row of cells, etc. Finally, we get Fig.15 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a shown in FIG. Fig.15 In the figure, different grayscale values ​​indicate different phase modulation amounts.

[0096] For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the unit cell 3200 is specifically cylindrical. When the unit cell 3200 is cylindrical, the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200 is It is related to the height of the cylinder (the size of the unit cell 3200 along the z-axis direction) and the radial size (the diameter of the unit cell 3200 in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis are located). Specifically, (Formula 4), where H 2 is the height of the unit cell 3200, n eff2 is the equivalent refractive index of the unit cell 3200, λ 2 is the wavelength of the collimated beam S11, and n eff2 It is related to the radial size of the unit cell 3200. Among them, the phase modulation amounts of the multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 are different, that is, any two unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 have different heights and / or different radial sizes; the phase modulation amounts of the multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction are the same, that is, any multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial size.

[0097] For example, when designing each unit cell 3200 in the unit cell group 320a, the unit cell 3200 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement can be designed by changing the radial dimension of the unit cell 3200 while fixing the height of each unit cell 3200 in the unit cell group 320a to be equal. For example, the material of the unit cell 3200 includes silicon nitride Si 3 N 4 The material of the substrate 321 is a low-loss transparent dielectric material. For example, the material of the substrate 321 includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , and the height of the unit cell 3200 can be set to 800nm, the height of the substrate 321 can be set to 2 micrometers (μm), the lattice period of the unit cell 3200 can be set to 500nm, and the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200 can be designed to meet the requirements by changing the radial size of the unit cell 3200. Fig.16It is a top view of the unit cell group 320a, specifically, when the unit cell group 320a is viewed from the z-axis direction, any two unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 have the same height and different radial dimensions; multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial dimension. Alternatively, when the radial dimensions of each unit cell 3200 in the fixed unit cell group 320a are equal, the height of the unit cell 3200 can be changed to design a unit cell 3200 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirements. In this case, any two unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 have different heights and the same radial dimensions; multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial dimensions. Alternatively, neither the radial size nor the height of each unit cell 3200 in the unit cell group 320a is fixed, and the unit cells 3200 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirements are directly designed. In this case, any two unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 have different heights and radial sizes; and multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction have the same height and radial size.

[0098] For example, in Fig.13 When the collimated light beam S11 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320a, the unit cell group 320a Fig.13 The collimated light beam S11 shown is deflected to generate a deflected light beam S12. Assuming that the side length of the unit cell group 320a is 6.5 μm, the unit cell group 320a includes a plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array, and the lattice period of the unit cell 3200 is 500 nm as an example; then the unit cell group 320a specifically includes unit cells 3200 arranged in a 13*13 array. Among them, the material of the substrate 321 of the unit cell group 320a includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , the height of the substrate 321 is 2 μm. The unit cell group 320a outputs a deflected light beam S12, the wavelength of the deflected light beam S12 is also 625 nm, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the x-axis direction, and the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12 is specifically +20 degrees. Among them, the phase modulation amount of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig.17 As shown, Fig.17 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the x-axis direction. Fig.17 The ordinate of (a) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the y-axis direction. Fig.17 The grayscale value in represents the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200. Fig.17 From (a) in FIG. 1 , it can be seen that the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the x-axis direction are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the y-axis direction are the same. Fig.17 The placement shown in (a) is, from left to right, the first row of unit cells 3200, the second row of unit cells 3200… Fig.17 The horizontal axis of (b) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the x-axis direction. Fig.17 The ordinate of (b) represents the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200. Fig.17 In (b), each dot represents the phase modulation of a column of unit cells 3200. Fig.17 In the arrangement position shown in (b), the small dots from left to right are the phase modulation amount of the first column of unit cells 3200, the phase modulation amount of the second column of unit cells 3200, etc. For details, refer to Fig.17 As shown, the position of the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the x-axis direction is 0, the position in the y-axis direction is 0, the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the +x direction in the x-axis direction are 1S, 2S, 3S...6S, and the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -x direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-6S, S is the lattice period of the unit cell 3200, which is specifically 500nm in this example. For example, x'=-6S, α=20, λ 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.17 The phase modulation amount of the first row of unit cells 3200 is shown; x' = -5S, α = 20, λ 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.17 The phase modulation amount of the second column of unit cells 3200 shown in FIG. 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.17 The phase modulation of the last column of unit cells 3200 is shown. Finally, we get Fig.17 The phase modulation amount of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is shown. Fig.17 In , all phase modulation quantities are mapped to the range of [0, 2π].

[0099] Exemplarily, after the phase modulation amounts of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a are calculated, the height of the unit cell 3200 is set to 800 nm, and the unit cell 3200 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement is designed by changing the radial dimension of the unit cell 3200.

[0100] Among them, the unit cell group 320a is Fig.13 The collimated light beam S11 shown is deflected to generate a deflected light beam S12. The simulation diagram of the deflected light beam S12 is shown in FIG. Fig.18As shown, Fig.18 (a) in the figure is specifically the near-field electric field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where: Fig.18 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the x-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.18 The vertical axis of (a) represents the z-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.18 As can be seen from (a) in the figure, the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the positive direction of the x-axis. Fig.18 (b) is the far-field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where the bright spot is the light spot of the deflected light beam S12 in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located. Fig.18 From (b) in the figure, we can see that the deflected beam S12 is deflected 20 degrees in the positive direction of the x-axis. Fig.18 In (b), ux represents a deflection in the positive direction of the x-axis, uy represents a deflection in the positive direction of the y-axis, -ux represents a deflection in the negative direction of the x-axis, and -uy represents a deflection in the negative direction of the y-axis. Fig.13 When the collimated light beam S11 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320a, the unit cell group 320a Fig.13 The collimated light beam S11 shown is deflected to generate a deflected light beam S12. Assuming that the side length of the unit cell group 320a is 6.5 μm, the unit cell group 320a includes a plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array, and the lattice period of the unit cell 3200 is 500 nm as an example; then the unit cell group 320a specifically includes unit cells 3200 arranged in a 13*13 array. Among them, the material of the substrate 321 of the unit cell group 320a includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , the height of the substrate 321 is 2 μm. The unit cell group 320a outputs a deflected light beam S12, the wavelength of the deflected light beam S12 is also 625 nm, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the x-axis direction, and the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12 is specifically -20 degrees. Among them, the phase modulation amount of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig.19 As shown, Fig.19 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the x-axis direction. Fig.19 The ordinate of (a) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the y-axis direction. Fig.19 The grayscale value of (a) in FIG. 3 represents the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200. Fig.19 From (a), it can be seen that the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the x-axis direction are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the y-axis direction are the same. Fig.19 The placement shown in (a) is, from left to right, the first row of unit cells 3200, the second row of unit cells 3200… Fig.19 The horizontal axis of (b) represents the position of the unit cell 3200 in the x-axis direction. Fig.19 The ordinate of (b) represents the phase modulation amount of the unit cell 3200. Fig.19 In (b), each dot represents the phase modulation of a column of unit cells 3200. Fig.19 In the arrangement position shown in (b), the small dots from left to right are the phase modulation amount of the first column of unit cells 3200, the phase modulation amount of the second column of unit cells 3200, etc. For details, refer to Fig.19 As shown, the position of the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the x-axis direction is 0, the position in the y-axis direction is 0, the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the +x direction in the x-axis direction are 1S, 2S, 3S...6S, respectively, and the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -x direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-6S, respectively, where S is the lattice period of the unit cell 3200, which is specifically 500nm in this example. For example, x'=-6S, α=-20, λ 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.19 The phase modulation amount of the first column of unit cells 3200 shown in FIG. 1 is as follows; x'=-5S, α=-20, λ 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.19 The phase modulation amount of the second column of unit cells 3200 is shown; ... x' = 6S, α = -20, λ 2 =625 Substitute into the above formula 3, and we can get Fig.19 The phase modulation of the last column of unit cells 3200 is shown. Finally, we get Fig.19 The phase modulation amount of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is shown. Fig.19 In , all phase modulation quantities are mapped to the range of [0, 2π].

[0101] Exemplarily, after the phase modulation amounts of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a are calculated, the height of the unit cell 3200 is set to 800 nm, and the unit cell 3200 whose phase modulation amount meets the requirement is designed by changing the radial dimension of the unit cell 3200.

[0102] Among them, the unit cell group 320a is Fig.13 The collimated light beam S11 shown is deflected to generate a deflected light beam S12. The simulation diagram of the deflected light beam S12 is shown in FIG. Fig. 20 As shown, Fig. 20 (a) in the figure is specifically the near-field electric field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where: Fig. 20 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the x-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig. 20The vertical axis of (a) represents the z-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig. 20 As can be seen from (a) in the figure, the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the negative direction of the x-axis. Fig. 20 (b) is the far-field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where the bright spot is the light spot of the deflected light beam S12 in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located. Fig. 20 From (b) in the figure, we can see that the deflected beam S12 is deflected 20 degrees in the negative direction of the x-axis. Fig. 20 In (b), ux represents a deflection in the positive direction of the x-axis, uy represents a deflection in the positive direction of the y-axis, -ux represents a deflection in the negative direction of the x-axis, and -uy represents a deflection in the negative direction of the y-axis.

[0103] In other embodiments, reference Fig.21 As shown, the unit cell group 310a is Fig.10 The beam S1 generated in the collimation is generated Fig.13 The collimated light beam S11 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320a, and the unit cell group 320a outputs a deflected light beam S12. The wavelength of the deflected light beam S12 is also 625nm. The deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the x-axis direction, and the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12 is specifically 30 degrees. The simulation diagram of the deflected light beam S12 is shown in FIG. Fig.21 (a) and Fig.21 As shown in (c), where Fig.21 (a) in the figure is specifically the near-field electric field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where: Fig.21 The horizontal axis of (a) represents the x-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.21 The vertical axis of (a) represents the z-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.21 As can be seen from (a) in the figure, the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the positive direction of the x-axis. Fig.21 (c) is the far-field distribution diagram of the deflected light beam S12, where the bright spot is the light spot of the collimated light beam S12 in the plane where the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are located. Fig.21 As can be seen from (c) in FIG. 1 , the deflected light beam S12 is deflected 29.8 degrees toward the positive direction of the x-axis compared to the collimated light beam S11 .

[0104] Here, it is assumed that the unit cell group 320a is Fig.10 The light beam S1 generated in the process is deflected to output a deflected light beam. The wavelength of the deflected light beam is also 625nm. The deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam is parallel to the x-axis direction, and the deflection angle of the deflected light beam is specifically 30 degrees. The simulation diagram of the deflected light beam is shown in FIG. Fig.21 (b) and Fig.21 As shown in (d), where Fig.21(b) in the figure is specifically the near-field electric field distribution diagram of the deflected beam, where: Fig.21 The horizontal axis of (b) represents the x-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.21 The vertical axis of (b) represents the z-axis direction, and the unit is μm. Fig.21 As can be seen from (b) in the figure, the deflected light beam is deflected toward the positive direction of the x-axis. Fig.21 (d) is the far-field distribution diagram of the deflected beam, where the bright spot is the spot of the collimated beam in the plane where the x-axis and y-axis directions are located. Fig.21 From (d) in FIG. 1 , it can be seen that the deflected beam is deflected 28.8 degrees toward the positive direction of the x-axis compared to the beam S1 , and there is a bright spot of high-order diffraction in the negative direction of the x-axis.

[0105] It can be seen that when the unit cell group 310a first collimates the light beam S1 to generate a collimated light beam S11, transmits the collimated light beam S11 to the unit cell group 320a, and then deflects the collimated light beam S11 by the unit cell group 320a to generate and output a deflected light beam S12, the beam shaping component can achieve more precise angle control of the light beam and avoid strong high-order diffraction during deflection.

[0106] Specifically, refer to Fig. 22 As shown, in Fig. 22 In the unit cell group 320a shown, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the y-axis direction, that is, the deflected light beam S12 is deflected along the y-axis direction compared to the collimated light beam S11. Fig. 22 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 is α3. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the positive direction of the y-axis compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α3 is a positive number. In other embodiments, Fig. 22 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 can also be α4. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the negative direction of the y-axis compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α4 is specifically a negative number.

[0107] When the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 is parallel to the y-axis direction, the phase modulation amount distribution diagram of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig.23 As shown, specifically, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the y-axis direction are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the x-axis direction are the same. Fig.23As shown, when the side length of the unit cell group 320a is 8.5nm and the lattice period of the unit cell 3200 is 500nm, the unit cell group 320a is specifically provided with unit cells 3200 arranged in a 17*17 array, wherein the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a is at a position of 0 in the x-axis direction and at a position of 0 in the y-axis direction, and the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the +x direction are at positions 1S, 2S, 3S...8S in the x ... y-axis direction, respectively. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -x direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-8S, respectively. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the +y direction in the y-axis direction are 1S, 2S, 3S...8S, respectively. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a to the -y direction in the x-axis direction are -1S, -2S, -3S...-8S, respectively. Wherein, S is specifically the lattice period of the unit cell 3200. For example, by substituting x'=8S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.23 The phase modulation of the first row of cells 3200 is shown in FIG. 1 ; Substituting x'=-7S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.23 The phase modulation of the second row of unit cells 3200 is shown as follows; ... Substituting x'=-8S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.23 The phase modulation amount of the last row of unit cells 3200 is shown, where Fig.23 The placement shown is, from top to bottom, the first row of cells, the second row of cells, etc. Finally, we get Fig.23 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a shown in FIG. Fig.23 In the figure, different grayscale values ​​indicate different phase modulation amounts.

[0108] Specifically, refer to Fig.24 As shown, in Fig.24 In the unit cell group 320a shown, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 forms a predetermined angle β1 with the x-axis direction, and the deflected light beam S12 can be transmitted to the first quadrant or the third quadrant in the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Fig.24 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 is α5. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the first quadrant of the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α5 is a positive number. In other embodiments, Fig.24The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 shown and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 can be α6. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the third quadrant in the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α6 is specifically a negative number.

[0109] When the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 forms a predetermined angle β1 with the x-axis direction, the phase modulation amount distribution diagram of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig.25 As shown, specifically, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction are the same. Fig.25 As shown, the position of the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' is 0, and the position in the orthogonal direction y' in the deflection direction is 0. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the positive direction of the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' are 1S, 2S, 3S...14S, respectively, and the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the negative direction of the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' are -1S, -2S, -3S...-14S, respectively. Wherein, S is specifically the lattice period of the unit cell 3200. For example, by substituting x'=-14S into the above formula 3, the result can be obtained. Fig.25 The phase modulation amount of the first row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown; Substituting x'=-13S into the above formula 3, we can get Fig.25 The phase modulation amount of the second row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown; ... Substituting x'=14S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig.25 The phase modulation amount of the last row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown, wherein, according to Fig.25 The placement shown is from the negative direction of the deflection direction x' to the positive direction, which is the first row of unit cells, the second row of unit cells, etc. Fig.25 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is shown. Fig.25 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a shown in FIG. Fig.25 In the figure, different grayscale values ​​indicate different phase modulation amounts.

[0110] Specifically, refer to Fig.26 As shown, in Fig.26In the unit cell group 320a shown, the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 forms a predetermined angle β2 with the x-axis direction, and the deflected light beam S12 can be transmitted to the second quadrant or the fourth quadrant in the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. Fig.26 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 is α7. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the second quadrant of the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α7 is a positive number. In other embodiments, Fig.26 The angle between the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 shown and the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11 can be α8. For example, the transmission direction of the deflected light beam S12 is deflected toward the fourth quadrant in the coordinate system formed by the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction compared to the transmission direction of the collimated light beam S11, and the angle α8 is specifically a negative number.

[0111] When the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 forms a predetermined angle β2 with the x-axis direction, the phase modulation amount distribution diagram of the plurality of arrayed unit cells 3200 in the unit cell group 320a is as follows: Fig. 27 As shown, specifically, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent unit cells 3200 arranged along the deflection direction x' of the deflected light beam S12 are different, and the phase modulation amounts of multiple unit cells 3200 arranged along the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction are the same. Fig. 27 As shown, the position of the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' is 0, and the position in the orthogonal direction y' in the deflection direction is 0. The positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the positive direction of the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' are 1S, 2S, 3S...14S, respectively, and the positions of the unit cells 3200 extending from the unit cell 3200 located at the center of the unit cell group 320a in the deflection direction x' in the negative direction of the deflection direction x' in the deflection direction x' are -1S, -2S, -3S...-14S, respectively. Wherein, S is specifically the lattice period of the unit cell 3200. For example, by substituting x'=-14S into the above formula 3, the result can be obtained. Fig. 27 The phase modulation amount of the first row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown; Substituting x'=-13S into the above formula 3, we can get Fig. 27 The phase modulation amount of the second row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown; ... Substituting x'=14S into the above formula 3, we can obtain Fig. 27 The phase modulation amount of the last row of unit cells 3200 arranged in the orthogonal direction y' of the deflection direction is shown, wherein, according to Fig. 27The placement shown is from the negative direction of the deflection direction x' to the positive direction, which is the first row of unit cells, the second row of unit cells, etc. Fig. 27 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a is shown. Fig. 27 The phase modulation distribution diagram of the plurality of unit cells 3200 arranged in an array in the unit cell group 320a shown in FIG. Fig. 27 In the figure, different grayscale values ​​indicate different phase modulation amounts.

[0112] For example, Fig.14 or Fig. 22 or Fig.24 or Fig.26 The unit cell 3200 shown may also be prismatic. When the unit cell 3200 is prismatic, the radial dimension of the unit cell 3200 includes the dimension of the unit cell 3200 in the x-axis direction and the dimension of the unit cell 3200 in the y-axis direction. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific shape of the unit cell 3200.

[0113] For example, in the above embodiment, the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a are mainly used as examples for description, wherein the specific structure of the unit cell group 310b can refer to that shown in the unit cell group 310a, and the specific structure of the unit cell group 320b can refer to that shown in the unit cell group 320a. When designing the unit cell group 310b, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310b is determined according to the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S2 transmitted to the unit cell group 310b, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310b are determined by formula 1, and λ in formula 1 is 1 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the light beam S2. When designing the unit cell group 320b, the unit cell group 320b is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21 to form a deflected light beam S22 (also called a second deflected light beam). Therefore, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320b is determined according to the wavelength, deflection direction and deflection angle of the light beam S22 according to the above formula 3, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320b are determined by formula 4, and in formula 3, α is specifically the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S22, x' is specifically the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S22, and y' is specifically the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S22; in formulas 3 and 4, λ 2 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the deflected light beam S22, which will not be described in detail here.

[0114] Specifically, Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the structure of a beam shaping assembly 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein: Fig.28 (a) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the beam shaping component 30. Fig.28(b) is a top view of the beam shaping assembly 30 viewed from the z direction. Fig.28 In the beam shaping assembly 30 shown, the transmission directions of the collimated beams S11 and S21 are parallel to the z-axis direction, the x-axis direction is perpendicular to the y-axis direction, and the plane formed by the y-axis direction and the y-axis direction is perpendicular to the z-axis direction. Fig.28 The beam shaping assembly 30 shown is specifically applied to a display device, which includes a plurality of pixel units, one pixel unit in the display device emits a beam S1, and another pixel unit emits a beam S2. Fig.28 As shown in (a), the spacing L1 between the surfaces facing each other of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a is less than or equal to 15 times the side length of the pixel unit. Exemplarily, the larger the spacing L1 between the surfaces facing each other of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32, wherein, Fig.29 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance L1 between the surfaces of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a facing each other and the coupling efficiency, Fig.29 The horizontal axis is specifically a multiple of the side length of the pixel unit. The “5” on the horizontal axis indicates that the spacing L1 between the surfaces facing each other of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a is equal to 5 times the side length of the pixel unit, and so on. Fig.29 The vertical axis shows the coupling efficiency, and "0.2" on the vertical axis means the coupling efficiency is 20%, and so on. Fig.29 It can be seen that when the spacing L1 between the surfaces facing each other of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a is less than or equal to 15 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%. In particular, when the spacing L1 between the surfaces facing each other of the unit cell group 310a and the unit cell group 320a is equal to 2.5 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency is greater than or equal to 80%.

[0115] And / or, along the x-axis direction, the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the pixel unit; wherein, referring to Fig.28 As shown in (b), along the x-axis direction, the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 is specifically the spacing between the edge of the metasurface device 31 on the +x side in the x-axis direction and the edge of the metasurface device 32 on the +x side in the x-axis direction. And / or, along the y-direction, the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the pixel unit; wherein, with reference to Fig.28As shown in (b), along the y-axis direction, the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 is specifically the spacing in the y-axis direction between the edge of the metasurface device 31 on the -y side in the y-axis direction and the edge of the metasurface device 32 on the -y side in the y-axis direction. Exemplarily, along the x-axis direction, the larger the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32; along the y-axis direction, the larger the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32, the smaller the coupling efficiency between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32. Wherein, Fig.30 is a graph showing the relationship between the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 and the coupling efficiency along the x-axis direction, Fig.30 The horizontal axis shown is specifically a multiple of the side length of the pixel unit. The "0.2" on the horizontal axis means that along the x-axis direction, the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 is equal to 0.2 times the side length of the pixel unit, and so on. Fig.30 The vertical axis shows the coupling efficiency, and "0.2" on the vertical axis means the coupling efficiency is 20%, and so on. Fig.30 It can be seen that when the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 along the x-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%. In particular, when the spacing L2 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 along the x-axis direction is equal to 0.2 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency is greater than or equal to 80%. The relationship between the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 and the coupling efficiency along the y-axis direction is also shown in FIG. Fig.30 As shown, therefore, when the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 along the y-axis direction is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency can be greater than or equal to 50%. In particular, when the spacing L3 between the metasurface device 31 and the metasurface device 32 along the y-axis direction is equal to 0.2 times the side length of the pixel unit, the coupling efficiency is greater than or equal to 80%.

[0116] In other embodiments, reference Fig.31 As shown, in the beam shaping assembly 30, the metasurface device 31 further includes a unit cell group 310c (also called the fifth unit cell group); the metasurface device 32 further includes a unit cell group 320c (also called the sixth unit cell group); Fig.31 As shown, generally, the light beam S3 transmitted to the unit cell group 310c is not a collimated light beam, and the light beam S3 has a certain divergence angle, wherein, Fig.31The divergence angle of the light beam S3 shown is θ3. After the light beam S3 is transmitted to the unit cell group 310c, the unit cell group 310c is used to collimate the light beam S3 to form a collimated light beam S31, and the collimated light beam S31 is transmitted to the unit cell group 320c. The unit cell group 320c is used to deflect the collimated light beam S31 and then output it.

[0117] The specific structure of the unit cell group 310c can refer to that shown in the unit cell group 310a, and the specific structure of the unit cell group 320c can refer to that shown in the unit cell group 320a. When designing the unit cell group 310c, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310c is determined according to the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S3 transmitted to the unit cell group 310b, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310c are determined by formula 1, and λ in formula 1 is 1 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the light beam S3. When designing the unit cell group 320c, the unit cell group 320c is used to deflect the collimated light beam S31 to form a deflected light beam S32. Therefore, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320c is determined according to the wavelength, deflection direction and deflection angle of the light beam S32 according to the above formula 3, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320c are determined by formula 4, and in formula 3, α is specifically the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S32, x' is specifically the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S32, and y' is specifically the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S32; in formulas 3 and 4, λ 2 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the deflected light beam S32.

[0118] For example, Fig.32 The structural diagram of the display device 40 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.32 As shown, the display device 40 includes Figure 2 The display panel 12 and Figure 3 The beam shaping component 30 is shown, wherein the beam shaping component 30 is disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 12 .

[0119] The display panel 12 includes pixel units 120 arranged in an M*N array, the metasurface device 31 includes unit cell groups 310 arranged in an M*N array, and the metasurface device 32 includes unit cell groups 320 arranged in an M*N array. Wherein, M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; or M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. And, in Fig.32In the display device 40 shown, one pixel unit 120 emits one light beam, which is transmitted to one unit cell group 310 and one unit cell group 320. Specifically, one pixel unit, one unit cell group 310 and one unit cell group 320 are aligned in the z-axis direction, and the light beam is transmitted to the unit cell group 310 along the z-axis direction after being emitted from the pixel unit 120, and the light beam is transmitted to the unit cell group 320 along the z-axis direction after being emitted from the unit cell group 310.

[0120] Specifically, refer to Fig.32 As shown, the display panel 12 includes pixel units 120a and pixel units 120b, the metasurface device 31 includes unit cell groups 310a and unit cell groups 310b, and the metasurface device 32 includes unit cell groups 320a and unit cell groups 320b. The pixel unit 120a is used to emit a light beam S1 to the beam shaping component 30; the beam shaping component 30 in the display device 40 receives the light beam S1, specifically, the unit cell group 310a in the metasurface device 31 receives the light beam S1, the unit cell group 310a is used to collimate the light beam S1 to form a collimated light beam S11, and transmit the collimated light beam S11 to the unit cell group 320a, and the unit cell group 320a is used to deflect the collimated light beam S11.

[0121] The pixel unit 120b is used to emit the light beam S2 to the beam shaping component 30; the beam shaping component 30 in the display device 40 receives the light beam S2, specifically, the unit cell group 310b in the metasurface device 31 receives the light beam S2, the unit cell group 310b is used to collimate the light beam S2 to form a collimated light beam S21, and transmit the collimated light beam S21 to the unit cell group 320b, and the unit cell group 320b is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21.

[0122] For example, refer to Fig.32As shown, the display device 40 can be a display device that displays three-dimensional images based on multi-view naked-eye 3D display technology, and the display device 40 includes viewpoint 1 and viewpoint 2, wherein the light beam S1 is used to display the first image, and the light beam S2 is used to display the second image. Then, the unit cell group 320a in the beam shaping component 30 deflects the collimated light beam S11 to form a deflected light beam S12, and transmits the deflected light beam S12 to viewpoint 1; the unit cell group 320b in the beam shaping component 30 is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21 to form a deflected light beam S22, and transmit the deflected light beam S22 to viewpoint 2; wherein the positions of viewpoint 1 and viewpoint 2 are different. In some examples, viewpoint 1 may specifically be the left eye viewpoint of viewer 1, the first image is the left eye image of viewer 1, viewpoint 2 may specifically be the right eye viewpoint of viewer 1, and the second image is the right eye image of viewer 1. Then, when the beam shaping component 30 transmits the deflected light beam S12 to viewpoint 1, the left eye viewpoint of viewer 1 can see the left eye image of viewer 1. When the beam shaping component 30 transmits the deflected light beam S22 to viewpoint 2, the right eye viewpoint of viewer 1 can see the right eye image of viewer 1. When the left eye image of viewer 1 and the right eye image of viewer 1 have different depth information, viewer 1 performs image fusion and depth reconstruction on the left eye image of viewer 1 and the right eye image of viewer 1 in his brain, and thus sees a stereoscopic image.

[0123] For example, refer to Fig.33 As shown, the display device 40 further includes a viewpoint 3, the display panel 12 further includes a pixel unit 120c, the metasurface device 31 further includes a unit cell group 310c, and the metasurface device 32 further includes a unit cell group 320c. The pixel unit 120c is used to emit a light beam S3 to the beam shaping component 30, and the light beam S3 is used to display a third image; the beam shaping component 30 in the display device 20 receives the light beam S3, specifically, the unit cell group 310c in the metasurface device 31 receives the light beam S3, the unit cell group 310c is used to collimate the light beam S3 to form a collimated light beam S31, and transmit the collimated light beam S31 to the unit cell group 320c, and the unit cell group 320c is used to deflect the collimated light beam S31 to form a deflected light beam S32, and transmit the deflected light beam S32 to the viewpoint 3.

[0124] Reference Fig.33As shown, the display device 40 further includes a viewpoint 4, the display panel 12 further includes a pixel unit 120d, the metasurface device 31 further includes a unit cell group 310d, and the metasurface device 32 further includes a unit cell group 320d. The pixel unit 120d is used to emit a light beam S4 to the beam shaping component 30, and the light beam S4 is used to display the fourth image; the beam shaping component 30 in the display device 20 receives the light beam S4, specifically, the unit cell group 310d in the metasurface device 31 receives the light beam S4, the unit cell group 310d is used to collimate the light beam S4 to form a collimated light beam S41, and transmit the collimated light beam S41 to the unit cell group 320d, and the unit cell group 320d is used to deflect the collimated light beam S41 to form a deflected light beam S42, and transmit the deflected light beam S42 to the viewpoint 4.

[0125] Among them, viewpoint 3 can specifically be the left eye viewpoint of viewer 2, the third image is the left eye image of viewer 2, viewpoint 4 can specifically be the right eye viewpoint of viewer 2, and the fourth image is the right eye image of viewer 4. Then, when the beam shaping component 30 transmits the deflected light beam S32 to viewpoint 3, the left eye viewpoint of viewer 2 can see the left eye image of viewer 2, and when the beam shaping component 30 transmits the deflected light beam S42 to viewpoint 4, the right eye viewpoint of viewer 2 can see the right eye image of viewer 2. When the left eye image of viewer 2 and the right eye image of viewer 2 have different depth information, viewer 2 performs image fusion and depth reconstruction on the left eye image of viewer 2 and the right eye image of viewer 2 in his brain, and then sees a stereoscopic image.

[0126] In some embodiments, reference Fig.34As shown, the display device 40 includes viewpoint 1, viewpoint 2, viewpoint 3 and viewpoint 4. The display panel 12 includes pixel units 120 arranged in an array of 8 rows*10 columns, the metasurface device 31 includes unit cell groups 310 arranged in an array of 8 rows*10 columns, and the metasurface device 32 includes unit cell groups 320 arranged in an array of 8 rows*10 columns, wherein the rows are arranged along the x-axis and the columns are arranged along the y-axis. In this example, the light beams emitted by the pixel units 120 in rows 1 to 4 and columns 1 to 5 are used to display the image viewed at viewpoint 1; the unit cell groups 310 in rows 1 to 4 and columns 1 to 5 collimate the light beams emitted by the pixel units 120, and transmit the collimated light beams to the unit cell groups 320 in rows 1 to 4 and columns 1 to 5; the unit cell groups 320 in rows 1 to 4 and columns 1 to 5 deflect the collimated light beams and deflect the collimated light beams to viewpoint 1. The light beams emitted by the pixel units 120 in the 1st to 4th rows and the 6th to 10th columns are used to display the image viewed at viewpoint 2. The unit cell groups 310 in the 1st to 4th rows and the 6th to 10th columns collimate the light beams emitted by the pixel units 120, and transmit the collimated light beams to the unit cell groups 320 in the 1st to 4th rows and the 6th to 10th columns; the unit cell groups 320 in the 1st to 4th rows and the 6th to 10th columns deflect the collimated light beams and deflect the collimated light beams to viewpoint 2. The light beams emitted by the pixel units 120 in rows 5 to 8 and columns 1 to 5 are used to display the image viewed at viewpoint 3; the unit cell groups 310 in rows 5 to 8 and columns 1 to 5 collimate the light beams emitted by the pixel units 120, and transmit the collimated light beams to the unit cell groups 320 in rows 5 to 8 and columns 1 to 5; the unit cell groups 320 in rows 5 to 8 and columns 1 to 5 deflect the collimated light beams and deflect the collimated light beams to viewpoint 3. The light beams emitted by the pixel units 120 in the 5th to 8th rows and the 6th to 10th columns are used to display the image viewed by viewpoint 4. The unit cell groups 310 in the 5th to 8th rows and the 6th to 10th columns collimate the light beams emitted by the pixel units 120 and transmit the collimated light beams to the unit cell groups 320 in the 5th to 8th rows and the 6th to 10th columns. The unit cell groups 320 in the 5th to 8th rows and the 6th to 10th columns deflect the collimated light beams and deflect the collimated light beams to viewpoint 4. Among them, viewpoint 1 can be the left eye viewpoint of viewer 1, viewpoint 2 can be the right eye viewpoint of viewer 1, viewpoint 3 can be the left eye viewpoint of viewer 2, and viewpoint 4 can be the right eye viewpoint of viewer 2. The display device 40 supports displaying three-dimensional images to two viewers.

[0127] For example, Fig.32 or Fig.33 or Fig.34In the display device 40 shown, the light beam emitted by each pixel unit 120 may be a light beam of the same wavelength. Alternatively, every three pixel units 120 constitute a pixel point, and the wavelengths of the light beams emitted by the three pixel units included in one pixel point are different. For example, the first pixel unit among the three pixel units may emit red light, the second pixel unit among the three pixel units may emit green light, and the third pixel unit among the three pixel units may emit blue light.

[0128] In some other embodiments, the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a beam shaping component to obtain Figure 3 The method includes: manufacturing a unit cell group 310a and a unit cell group 310b on a substrate 311 to manufacture a metasurface device 31; manufacturing a unit cell group 320a and a unit cell group 320b on a substrate 321 to manufacture a metasurface device 32; wherein the metasurface device 32 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the metasurface device 31; Figure 4 As shown, the unit cell group 310a is used to collimate the light beam S1 to form a collimated light beam S11, and the unit cell group 320a is used to deflect the collimated light beam S11; the unit cell group 310b is used to collimate the light beam S2 to form a collimated light beam S21, and the unit cell group 320b is used to deflect the collimated light beam S21.

[0129] For example, Fig.28 As shown, the metasurface device 32 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the metasurface device 31 , and specifically includes: the unit cell group 310 a and the unit cell group 320 a are arranged face to face, and the unit cell group 310 b and the unit cell group 320 b are arranged face to face.

[0130] Exemplarily, a unit cell group 310a and a unit cell group 310b are fabricated on a substrate 311 to obtain a metasurface device 31, specifically comprising: first preparing a substrate 311, wherein the material of the substrate 311 is a low-loss transparent dielectric material, for example, the material of the substrate 311 includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , the height of the substrate 311 can be, for example, 2 μm. Then, according to the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S1 transmitted to the unit cell group 310a, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310a is determined, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310a are determined by formula 1 to produce the unit cell group 310a. Then, according to the phase distribution diagram of the light beam S2 transmitted to the unit cell group 310b, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell 3100 in the unit cell group 310b is determined, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 310b are determined by formula 1 to produce the unit cell group 310b, and λ in formula 1 1 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the light beam S2.

[0131] Exemplarily, the unit cell group 320a and the unit cell group 320b are manufactured on the substrate 321 to obtain the metasurface device 32, specifically including: first preparing the substrate 321, the material of the substrate 321 is a low-loss transparent dielectric material, for example, the material of the substrate 321 includes silicon oxide SiO 2 , the height of the substrate 321 can be, for example, 2 μm. Then, according to the wavelength, deflection direction and deflection angle of the deflected light beam S12, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320a is determined according to the above formula 3, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320a are determined by formula 4 to produce the unit cell group 320a. Then, according to the wavelength, deflection direction and deflection angle of the deflected light beam S22, the phase modulation amount of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320b is determined according to the above formula 3, and then the height and radial size of each unit cell in the unit cell group 320b are determined by formula 4 to produce the unit cell group 320b, and in formula 3, α is specifically the deflection angle of the deflected light beam S22, x' is specifically the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S22, and y' is specifically the orthogonal direction of the deflection direction of the deflected light beam S22; in formulas 3 and 4, λ 2 Specifically, it is the wavelength of the deflected light beam S22.

[0132] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A beam shaping component, characterized in that: include: A first metasurface device and a second metasurface device, wherein the second metasurface device is arranged on a light-emitting side of the first metasurface device; The first metasurface device includes a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group; The second metasurface device includes a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group; The first unit cell group is used to collimate the first light beam to form a first collimated light beam, and the third unit cell group is used to deflect the first collimated light beam; The second unit cell group is used to collimate the second light beam to form a second collimated light beam, and the fourth unit cell group is used to deflect the second collimated light beam.

2. The beam shaping assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metasurface device further includes a first substrate, and the first unit cell group and the second unit cell group are arranged on the first substrate; The second metasurface device further includes a second substrate, and the third unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged on the second substrate; The first unit cell group and the third unit cell group are arranged face to face, and the second unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged face to face.

3. The beam shaping assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first unit cell group includes a plurality of first unit cells arranged in an array, the plurality of first unit cells include a first first unit cell and a second first unit cell, wherein a distance between a geometric center of the first first unit cell and a center of the first unit cell group is equal to a distance between a geometric center of the second first unit cell and a center of the first unit cell group, and a phase modulation amount of the first first unit cell is the same as a phase modulation amount of the second first unit cell.

4. The beam shaping assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second first unit cell and the third first unit cell have the same height and the same radial size.

5. The beam shaping assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The third unit cell group is specifically used to deflect the first collimated light beam to form a first deflected light beam; The third unit cell group includes a plurality of second unit cells arranged in an array, the phase modulation amounts of any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction of the deflected light beam are different, and the phase modulation amounts of a plurality of second unit cells arranged along a direction orthogonal to the deflection direction are the same.

6. The beam shaping assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: Any two adjacent second unit cells arranged along the deflection direction have different heights and / or different radial sizes; a plurality of second unit cells arranged in a direction orthogonal to the deflection direction have the same height and the same radial size.

7. The beam shaping assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first pixel unit emits the first light beam; The distance between the surfaces of the first unit cell group and the third unit cell group facing each other is less than or equal to 15 times the side length of the first pixel unit; And / or, along the first direction, the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit; And / or, along the second direction, the spacing between the first metasurface device and the second metasurface device is less than or equal to 0.5 times the side length of the first pixel unit; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and the plane where the first direction and the second direction are located is perpendicular to the transmission path of the first collimated light beam.

8. The beam shaping assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first metasurface device further includes a fifth unit cell group; The second metasurface device further includes a sixth unit cell group; The fifth unit cell group is used to collimate the third light beam to form a third collimated light beam, and the sixth unit cell group is used to deflect the third collimated light beam.

9. A display device, characterized in that: A display panel and a beam shaping assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the beam shaping assembly is arranged on a light-emitting side of the display panel; The display panel includes a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; The first pixel unit is used to emit the first light beam to the beam shaping component; The second pixel unit is used to emit the second light beam to the light beam shaping component.

10. The display device according to claim 9, characterized in that The first light beam is used to display a first image, and the second light beam is used to display a second image; The third unit cell group in the beam shaping component is used to deflect the first collimated beam to form a first deflected beam, and transmit the first deflected beam to a first viewpoint; The fourth unit cell group in the beam shaping component is used to deflect the second collimated beam to form a second deflected beam, and transmit the second deflected beam to a second viewpoint; the first viewpoint and the second viewpoint are at different positions.

11. The display device according to claim 10, characterized in that The display panel further includes a third pixel unit; The third pixel unit is used to emit a third light beam to the beam shaping component, and the third light beam is used to display a third image; The first metasurface device further includes a fifth unit cell group; The second metasurface device further includes a sixth unit cell group; The fifth unit cell group is used to collimate the third light beam to form a third collimated light beam; The sixth unit cell group is used to deflect the third collimated light beam to form a third deflected light beam, and transmit the third deflected light beam to a third viewpoint; the first viewpoint and the third viewpoint are at different positions, and the second viewpoint and the third viewpoint are at different positions.

12. A method for manufacturing a beam shaping component, characterized in that: include: Fabricating a first unit cell group and a second unit cell group on a first substrate to obtain a first metasurface device; Fabricating a third unit cell group and a fourth unit cell group on a second substrate to obtain a second metasurface device; Wherein, the second metasurface device is arranged on the light-emitting side of the first metasurface device; The first unit cell group is used to collimate the first light beam to form a first collimated light beam, and the third unit cell group is used to deflect the first collimated light beam; The second unit cell group is used to collimate the second light beam to form a second collimated light beam, and the fourth unit cell group is used to deflect the second collimated light beam.

13. The method for manufacturing a beam shaping component according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second metasurface device is arranged on the light-emitting side of the first metasurface device, and includes: The first unit cell group and the third unit cell group are arranged face to face, and the second unit cell group and the fourth unit cell group are arranged face to face.

Images