Compression ignition methanol engine and control method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a compression ignition methanol engine, comprising a cylinder and a piston located inside the cylinder, a combustion chamber is defined between the cylinder and the top of the piston, the compression ignition methanol engine further comprises an air intake part, an oil injector and an electric heat plug. The air intake part is arranged on the top of the cylinder and communicates with the combustion chamber, and is suitable for guiding external air into the combustion chamber. The oil injector is arranged on the top of the cylinder and is suitable for injecting methanol fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture with air from the outside. The electric heat plug is installed on the top of the cylinder, and the electric heat plug has a heating end extending into the combustion chamber to heat the mixture, and the heating end is configured to generate displacement close to or away from the oil injector in response to at least one of engine speed, throttle pedal opening degree and intake air temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of engine and engine control technology, and more particularly, to a compression ignition methanol engine and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, the demand for power in the fields of transportation and industrial production is increasing. Under this background, the innovation and improvement of engine technology have become the research and development focus of scientific research institutions and enterprises in various countries. At the same time, as the source of power for engines, the quality, combustion performance and environmental protection characteristics of fuel play a decisive role in the performance of the engine and the environmental impact. Engine technology has undergone several changes, such as turbocharging, direct injection, and mixed injection technology, which have improved the power density, fuel economy and emission performance of the engine. However, traditional engines still have certain limitations during operation, such as high fuel consumption and heavy emission pollution. In recent years, clean energy such as biofuel, natural gas and hydrogen energy has gradually attracted attention. These new fuels have the advantages of low pollution emission and high calorific value during combustion, so the development of engines that match these new fuels has become the current development trend.

[0003] Methanol, as an oxygen-containing organic compound, has the characteristics of complete combustion, low pollution emission and high calorific value, making it an ideal substitute for traditional petroleum-based fuels. At the same time, the ignition characteristics, anti-knock characteristics and volatility of methanol are similar to those of gasoline, which makes the working principle of methanol engine similar to that of traditional gasoline engine, usually a spark-ignition engine. However, the thermal efficiency of the spark-ignition engine is low, making it difficult to take advantage of the calorific value of methanol.

[0004] Traditional compression ignition methanol engines have the problems of uneven mixture leading to unstable ignition and high emissions. In related technologies, diesel can be used to ignite methanol, but this requires the configuration of two sets of fuel systems, which is complex and costly. Or the intake can be heated to improve the stability of ignition, but this will affect the charging efficiency and high-load operation stability. Therefore, how to improve the ignition stability of compression ignition methanol engines has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a compression ignition methanol engine that can adjust the heating power according to different operating conditions to improve the ignition stability during the entire engine operation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, as the disclosure provides a compression ignition methanol engine, comprising a cylinder and a piston located inside the cylinder, the cylinder and the top of the piston define a combustion chamber, also comprising: an intake portion, provided at the top of the cylinder and communicated with the combustion chamber, suitable for guiding the outside air into the combustion chamber; an oil injector, provided at the top of the cylinder, suitable for injecting methanol fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture with air from the outside; a glow plug installed at the top of the cylinder, the glow plug has a heating end extending into the combustion chamber to heat the mixture, the heating end is configured to produce displacement close to or away from the oil injector in response to at least one of engine speed, throttle opening degree and intake temperature.

[0007] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the glow plug comprises: a shell having an open end located in the positioning hole of the cylinder and a closed end opposite to the open end; a heating core extending from the shell into the combustion chamber through the open end.

[0008] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, one end of the heating core extending into the combustion chamber is configured as the heating end, and the other end of the heating core is configured to move close to or away from the closed end of the shell in a first direction under the action of magnetic force.

[0009] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, a containing cavity is formed in the shell, a fluid working substance is filled in the containing cavity, and the heating core is configured to reciprocate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in response to the extrusion of the fluid working substance.

[0010] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the containing cavity comprises a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are separated by the heating core and communicated by an oil storage bin.

[0011] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, it further comprises an exhaust portion provided at the top of the cylinder and communicated with the combustion chamber, suitable for guiding the exhaust gas to be discharged from the combustion chamber.

[0012] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, it further comprises a power supply device suitable for supplying power to the glow plug.

[0013] According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the power supply device comprises: an impeller arranged in the exhaust portion and configured to rotate under the drive of the exhaust gas; a generator connected with the impeller and suitable for converting the kinetic energy output by the impeller into electrical energy; a storage battery suitable for storing the electrical energy of the generator and supplying power to the glow plug.

[0014] The disclosure also provides a compression ignition methanol engine control method, which adopts the compression ignition methanol engine in any of the above embodiments, and comprises the following steps: obtaining engine speed and throttle pedal opening degree information, judging engine operating conditions; determining the distance between the axis of the glow plug and the top of the cylinder and the oil injector according to the operating conditions.

[0015] According to the embodiments of the disclosure, the method further comprises the following steps: obtaining engine intake air temperature, and adjusting the temperature of the glow plug and the length of the heating end inserted into the cylinder according to the operating conditions and the intake air temperature.

[0016] The compression ignition methanol engine provided by the disclosure heats the methanol mixture by configuring a glow plug, and adjusts the position of the heating end of the glow plug according to at least one of the engine speed, the throttle pedal opening degree and the intake air temperature, so that the heating power of the glow plug on the methanol mixture is adapted to the engine operating conditions, effectively improving the ignition stability in the working process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the compression ignition methanol engine provided by the disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of the glow plug in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the movement of the heating core in the second direction in the compression ignition methanol engine provided by the disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 is a top view of the compression ignition methanol engine provided by the disclosure, showing the positional relationship between the oil injector and the heating end of the glow plug;

[0022] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the compression ignition methanol engine control method provided by the disclosure;

[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is a control logic schematic diagram in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

[0024] In the drawings, the meanings of the reference signs are as follows:

[0025] 1, cylinder;

[0026] 11, piston;

[0027] 2, intake portion;

[0028] 3. The fuel injector;

[0029] 4. The glow plug;

[0030] 40. The heating end;

[0031] 41. The housing;

[0032] 411. The open end;

[0033] 412. The closed end;

[0034] 413. The first accommodating cavity;

[0035] 414. The second accommodating cavity;

[0036] 415. The oil storage compartment;

[0037] 42. The heating core;

[0038] 5. The exhaust part;

[0039] 6. The power supply device;

[0040] 61. The impeller;

[0041] 62. The generator;

[0042] 63. The battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description which follows is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it would be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.

[0044] The terms used herein are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "include", "comprise", and the like used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0045] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the context of the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0046] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C", it generally means the meaning of "one or more of A or B or C, etc." or "one or more of A, or B, or C, etc." or "at least one of A or B or C, etc.", unless otherwise clearly described herein. In other words, the expression "at least one of A, B, and C" can mean any of the following: "A", "B", "C", "A and B", "A and C", "B and C", or "A and B and C".

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a compression ignition methanol engine provided by the present disclosure, Figure 2 is Figure 1 In the example embodiment shown, the enlarged view is at the glow plug.

[0048] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a compression ignition methanol engine, which includes a cylinder 1 and a piston 11 located inside the cylinder 1, and a combustion chamber is defined between the cylinder 1 and the top of the piston 11, as shown in Figures 1-2 The compression ignition methanol engine further includes an air intake portion 2, a fuel injector 3, and a glow plug 4, as shown in the figure. The air intake portion is arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 and is in communication with the combustion chamber, and is adapted to guide ambient air into the combustion chamber. The fuel injector 3 is arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 and is adapted to inject methanol fuel into the combustion chamber to form a methanol-air mixture with the ambient air. The glow plug 4 is installed at the top of the cylinder 1, and the glow plug 4 has a heating end 40 extending into the combustion chamber to heat the methanol-air mixture, and the heating end 40 is configured to produce displacement close to or away from the fuel injector 3 in response to at least one of engine speed, accelerator pedal opening degree, and intake air temperature.

[0049] In such an embodiment, air enters the combustion chamber through the air intake portion 2, and methanol fuel is injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel injector 3 to form a methanol-air mixture in the combustion chamber. During engine operation, real-time information of engine speed, accelerator pedal opening degree, and intake air temperature is collected, and when at least one of them changes, the heating end 40 of the glow plug 4 produces corresponding displacement to approach or move away from the fuel injector 3, thereby adjusting the heating power of the methanol-air mixture according to the operating conditions of the engine, so that the ignition stability of the compression ignition methanol engine during the entire operation process is effectively improved.

[0050] In an example embodiment, the heating end 40 is further configured to change the temperature in response to at least one of the engine speed, the accelerator pedal opening degree, and the intake air temperature, so as to change the heating power of the methanol-air mixture.

[0051] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the engine speed is obtained by a crankshaft position sensor, the accelerator pedal opening degree is obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor, and the intake air temperature is obtained by an intake air temperature sensor arranged in the air intake portion 2. The compression ignition methanol engine further includes an electronic control unit for receiving information / signals sent by the above-mentioned sensors, processing them, and sending action instructions to the glow plug 4.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, the glow plug 4 comprises a housing 41 and a heating core 42. The housing 41 has an open end 411 located in the positioning hole of the cylinder 1 and a closed end 412 opposite to the open end 411. The heating core 42 extends from the housing 41 into the combustion chamber through the open end 411.

[0053] In such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the cylinder 1 is provided with a positioning hole, and the open end 411 of the housing 41 is installed in the positioning hole in a manner including but not limited to threaded connection, so that the housing 41 and the cylinder 1 are kept relatively fixed. The heating core 42 is arranged in the housing 41 and extends into the combustion chamber to heat the methanol mixture. The closed end 412 of the housing 41 is used to limit the heating core 42, so as to prevent the heating core 42 from being pushed out of the housing 41 when the pressure in the combustion chamber rises. Figure 2 According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the heating core 42 extending into the combustion chamber is configured as a heating end 40, and the other end of the heating core 42 is configured to move towards or away from the closed end 412 of the housing 41 under the action of a magnetic force in a first direction.

[0054] In such an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the first end of the heating core 42 is configured as the heating end 40, and the second end of the heating core 42 moves towards or away from the closed end 412 of the housing 41 under the action of a magnetic force, so as to drive the heating core 42 to move reciprocally in the first direction, i.e., the axial direction of the housing 41 or the heating core 42, so that the heating end 40 can move towards or away from the oil injector.

[0055] Figure 2 Further, a permanent magnet is arranged at the closed end 412, and a magnetic sensing coil is wound around the second end of the heating core 42. By changing the direction of the current in the magnetic sensing coil, the moving direction of the heating core 42 can be switched.

[0056] More specifically, the heating core 42 is configured as a column, the open end 411 of the housing 41 is configured as a ring, and a wear-resistant material including but not limited to graphite is arranged on the inner wall of the open end 411, so as to reduce the moving resistance of the heating core 42 and have a longer service life.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the heating core 42 comprises a protective shell and an electric heating chip arranged in the protective shell, and a heat-conducting material is filled between the electric heating chip and the protective shell, so as to transfer the heat of the electric heating chip to the protective shell.

[0058] In some other embodiments, the heating core 42 comprises a protective shell and an electric heating chip arranged in the protective shell, and a heat-conducting material is filled between the electric heating chip and the protective shell, so as to transfer the heat of the electric heating chip to the protective shell.

[0059] ​According to embodiments of this disclosure, the heating chip is a silicon nitride ceramic heating chip, which has high thermal conductivity and thermal stability, and can meet the heating requirements at higher temperatures. The silicon nitride ceramic heating chip can be positioned appropriately close to the heating end 40. The protective shell is made of stainless steel or other high-temperature resistant materials. The thermally conductive material includes, but is not limited to, high-temperature resistant ceramic adhesive, such as HR-8767A alumina high-temperature resistant adhesive, preferably with high thermal conductivity.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the heating core moving in the second direction in a compression ignition methanol engine provided in this disclosure.

[0061] In one exemplary embodiment, a receiving cavity is formed inside the housing 41, the receiving cavity is filled with a fluid working medium, and the heating core 42 is configured to reciprocate along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in response to the compression of the fluid working medium.

[0062] In this embodiment, by filling or releasing the fluid working medium into the receiving cavity, the heating core 42 is compressed by the fluid working medium and reciprocates in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction (i.e., the axial direction), thereby allowing the heating end 40 to approach or move away from the injector. Figure 3 As shown, the housing 41 is obliquely mounted on top of the cylinder 1. In this embodiment, the direction extending from the axis of the cylinder 1 is taken as the vertical direction, and the direction perpendicular to the axis is taken as the horizontal direction, i.e., there is a certain angle between the axial direction and the vertical direction. When the heating core 42 moves along the axial direction, both the horizontal and vertical distances between the heating end 40 and the injector 3 will change, and the range of movement of the heating core 42 along the axial direction is relatively large, so it can be used as a pre-adjustment or first-level adjustment. When the heating core 42 moves along the second direction, both the horizontal and vertical distances between the heating end 40 and the injector 3 will also change, but due to the size of the opening end 411 of the housing 41, the range of movement of the heating core 42 along the second direction is small, so it can be used as a second-level adjustment.

[0063] In some other embodiments, the housing 41 can also be mounted vertically on top of the cylinder 1, i.e., the axial direction is parallel to the vertical direction, which simplifies the control logic of the electronic control unit. However, in this case, the axial movement of the heating core 42 cannot cause the heating end 40 to produce a horizontal displacement. Therefore, when designing the installation position of the housing 41, it should be considered that the horizontal displacement range of the heating end 40 can meet the adjustment requirements.

[0064] Reference Figure 3 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the receiving cavity includes a first receiving cavity 413 and a second receiving cavity 414, which are separated by a heating core 42 and connected by an oil storage tank 415.

[0065] In the embodiment, the fluid medium includes but is not limited to oil, the volume of the first accommodating cavity 413 and the second accommodating cavity 414 changes with the charging / discharging of the fluid medium, specifically, the oil storage tank 415 is connected to the first accommodating cavity 413 and the second accommodating cavity 414 through a plurality of oil pumps, so as to Figure 3 For example, when the heating core 42 needs to move to the left, the oil pump on the left oil path pumps the oil in the first accommodating cavity 413 to the oil storage tank 415, and the oil pump on the right oil path pumps the oil in the oil storage tank 415 to the second accommodating cavity 414, at this time, the volume of the first accommodating cavity 413 decreases, the volume of the second accommodating cavity 414 increases, and the heating core 42 moves to the left. When the heating core 42 needs to move to the right, the process and the principle involved are the same as moving to the left, and will not be described in detail here, and the heating core 42 moves to the right. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the dashed line part represents the position of the heating core 42 after displacement.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the compression ignition methanol engine described above further comprises an exhaust portion 5 arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 and in communication with the combustion chamber, and adapted to guide the exhaust gas to be discharged from the combustion chamber.

[0067] In the embodiment, as shown in the figure, the intake portion 2 and the exhaust portion 5 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 to realize the intake and exhaust of the engine. Figure 1

[0068] More specifically, the intake portion 2 comprises an intake manifold and an intake valve, the intake valve is used to switch the on-off state between the intake manifold and the combustion chamber, and an intake temperature sensor is arranged in the intake manifold. The exhaust portion 5 comprises an exhaust valve and an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust valve is used to control the on-off state between the exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber.

[0069] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the compression ignition methanol engine described above further comprises a power supply device 6 adapted to supply power to the glow plug 4.

[0070] In the embodiment, the power supply device 6 is configured to supply power to at least one of the magnetic induction coil, the glow chip and the oil pump.

[0071] Further, the power supply device 6 comprises an impeller 61, a generator 62 and a storage battery 63. The impeller 61 is arranged in the exhaust portion 5 and is configured to rotate under the drive of the exhaust gas. The generator 62 is connected to the impeller 61 and is adapted to convert the kinetic energy output by the impeller 61 into electrical energy. The storage battery 63 is adapted to store the electrical energy of the generator 62 and supply power to the glow plug 4.

[0072] ​In such an embodiment, the impeller 61 is arranged in the exhaust pipe of the exhaust part 5, and rotates under the driving of the exhaust gas flow when the exhaust gas is discharged along the exhaust pipe. The impeller 61 can be directly connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 62 to transmit kinetic energy, or can transmit kinetic energy through a gear or a belt. The generator 62 converts the kinetic energy into electric energy and outputs the electric energy to the storage battery 63 for storage. The storage battery 63 directly supplies power to the electric heating chip in the glow plug 4 and the oil pump, and when supplying power to the magnetic induction coil, a double-pole double-throw relay needs to be arranged to change the direction of the current.

[0073] Figure 4 is a top view of the compression ignition methanol engine of the present disclosure, showing the positional relationship between the oil injector and the heating end of the glow plug, Figure 5 is a flow chart of the control method of the compression ignition methanol engine provided by the present disclosure, Figure 6 is Figure 5 a control logic diagram in the exemplary embodiment shown.

[0074] The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a control method of a compression ignition methanol engine, which adopts the compression ignition methanol engine in any of the above embodiments, and the method includes steps S100-S200, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0075] Step S100, acquiring engine speed and throttle pedal opening degree information, and determining the engine operating condition.

[0076] Step S200, determining the distance between the axis of the glow plug 4 and the top of the cylinder 1 and the oil injector 3 according to the operating condition.

[0077] Exemplarily, Figure 4 the positional relationship and the distance between the oil injector 3 and the heating end of the glow plug 4 are shown in detail.

[0078] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes step S300, acquiring the engine intake temperature, and adjusting the temperature of the glow plug 4 and the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 according to the operating condition and the intake temperature, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0079] Specifically, when the detected speed is less than the preset speed and the intake temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, it is determined that the engine is in the first condition, the above distance is adjusted to the first distance, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is the first length, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is the first heating temperature.

[0080] Exemplarily, the preset speed is 1000 rad / min, the first preset temperature is 0℃, the first distance is 10 mm, the first length is 25 mm, and the first heating temperature is 1500 K.

[0081] When the detected rotation speed is greater than the preset rotation speed, the operating condition is determined by the accelerator pedal opening degree. For example, the accelerator pedal opening degree is determined by the accelerator pedal opening degree. Figure 6

[0082] If the accelerator pedal opening degree is less than 20%, the engine is determined to be in the second operating condition, and the above-mentioned interval is adjusted to a second interval. For example, the second interval is 15 mm.

[0083] If the accelerator pedal opening degree is between 20% and 70%, the engine is determined to be in the third operating condition, and the above-mentioned interval is adjusted to a third interval. For example, the third interval is 20 mm.

[0084] If the accelerator pedal opening degree is greater than 70%, the engine is determined to be in the fourth operating condition, and the above-mentioned interval is adjusted to a fourth interval. For example, the fourth interval is 25 mm.

[0085] In such an embodiment, as the accelerator pedal opening degree continues to increase, the fuel injection amount and the fuel injection pressure also continue to increase, and therefore the interval between the axis of the glow plug 4 and the top of the cylinder 1 and the fuel injector 3 also increases, so as to avoid the occurrence of pre-ignition.

[0086] In some other exemplary embodiments, the first operating condition can also be defined as a cold start operating condition, the second operating condition is a small load operating condition, the third operating condition is a medium load operating condition, and the fourth operating condition is a large load operating condition.

[0087] Further, in the second operating condition, when the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 0°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 20 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 1400 K. When the intake air temperature is greater than 0°C and less than 30°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 15 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 1300 K. When the intake air temperature is greater than or equal to 30°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 10 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 1200 K.

[0088] In the third operating condition, when the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 25°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 15 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 1100 K. When the intake air temperature is greater than 25°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 10 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 1000 K.

[0089] In the fourth operating condition, when the intake air temperature is less than or equal to 20°C, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 is 10 mm, and the temperature of the glow plug 4 is 900 K. When the intake air temperature is greater than 20°C, the methanol mixture in the combustion chamber can achieve stable compression ignition, and the glow plug 4 no longer performs auxiliary heating.

[0090] ​In such an embodiment, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 decreases as the accelerator pedal opening increases, and more specifically, the length of the heating end 40 extending into the cylinder 1 decreases as the intake air temperature increases under the same operating conditions, thereby avoiding pre-ignition and improving engine efficiency and emissions.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that features recited in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or incorporated in various combinations, even if such combinations have not been expressly recited in the present disclosure. In particular, features recited in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or incorporated in various combinations without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure. All such combinations are within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0092] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are merely for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although each embodiment is described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. Those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and all such substitutions and modifications shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A compression ignition methanol engine comprising a cylinder (1) and a piston (11) located inside said cylinder (1), a combustion chamber being defined between said cylinder (1) and the top of said piston (11), characterized in that, Also comprising: an air intake (2) disposed on top of the cylinder (1) and communicating with the combustion chamber, adapted to guide ambient air into the combustion chamber; an oil injector (3) disposed on top of the cylinder (1), adapted to inject methanol fuel into the combustion chamber to form a mixture with the ambient air; an electric glow plug (4) installed on top of the cylinder (1), the electric glow plug (4) having a heating end (40) extending into the combustion chamber to heat the mixture, the heating end (40) being configured to displace towards or away from the oil injector (3) in response to at least one of engine speed, throttle pedal opening and intake air temperature; the electric glow plug (4) comprising: a housing (41) having an open end (411) located in a positioning hole of the cylinder (1) and a closed end (412) opposite to the open end (411); a heating core (42) extending from the housing (41) into the combustion chamber via the open end (411); the heating core being configured to reciprocate in a first direction under the action of a magnetic force; the heating core having a containing cavity formed therein, the containing cavity being filled with a fluid working medium, the heating core being configured to reciprocate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in response to the extrusion of the fluid working medium.

2. The compression ignition methanol engine according to claim 1, characterized by an end of the heating core (42) extending into the combustion chamber is configured as the heating end (40), the other end of the heating core (42) being configured to displace towards or away from the closed end (412) of the housing (41) in the first direction under the action of a magnetic force.

3. The compression ignition methanol engine according to claim 2, characterized by the containing cavity comprises a first containing cavity (413) and a second containing cavity (414), the first containing cavity (413) and the second containing cavity (414) being separated by the heating core (42) and being communicated by an oil storage compartment (415).

4. The compression ignition methanol engine according to claim 1, characterized by Also comprising an air exhaust (5) disposed on top of the cylinder (1) and communicating with the combustion chamber, adapted to guide exhaust gas out of the combustion chamber.

5. The compression ignition methanol engine according to claim 4, wherein Also comprising a power supply device (6) adapted to supply power to the electric glow plug (4).

6. The compression ignition methanol engine according to claim 5, wherein the power supply device (6) comprising: a impeller (61) arranged in the air exhaust (5) and configured to rotate under the drive of the exhaust gas; a generator (62) connected to the impeller (61) and adapted to convert the kinetic energy output by the impeller (61) into electrical energy; a battery (63) adapted to store the electrical energy output by the generator (62) and supply power to the electric glow plug (4).

7. A compression ignition methanol engine control method characterized by, The compression ignition methanol engine according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising: obtaining engine speed and throttle pedal opening information to determine engine operating conditions; determining the distance between the intersection of the axis of the electric glow plug (4) and the top of the cylinder (1) and the oil injector (3) according to the operating conditions.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized by, Also comprising: obtaining engine intake air temperature and adjusting the temperature of the electric glow plug (4) and the length of the heating end (40) extending into the cylinder (1) according to the operating conditions and the intake air temperature.

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