Multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of experimental testing equipment, and discloses a space node multi-dimensional universal loading device which comprises an axial loading and restraining module, a horizontal loading and restraining module and a vertical loading and restraining module. The spatial node multi-dimensional universal loading device is characterized in that the axial loading and restraining module is composed of an axial bottom beam, a restraining check block, a restraining sliding block and axial loading equipment so as to apply axial force and resist torque. According to the invention, axial force, horizontal force and vertical force can be applied to the node test piece at the same time, so that the test of the node test piece under the simultaneous action of multi-dimensional loads is realized; a restraining sliding block and a restraining check block in the axial loading and restraining module are connected with a bottom beam through foundation bolts, and the positions of the sliding block and the check block can be adjusted through tightness of the bolts so as to adapt to node test pieces with different chord member (main pipe) lengths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental testing equipment, and in particular, relates to a multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes. Background Art

[0002] The nodes where components are connected are the key parts for steel structures to transfer loads. The structure under external loads transfers the loads to the nodes through the components. Therefore, the forces at the nodes are complex, which directly affects the design and calculation of the steel structure.

[0003] Many scholars at home and abroad have conducted multi-faceted research on various types of nodes, including plane nodes and spatial nodes. The research methods often adopt a combination of theoretical calculations, finite element simulations and model tests. Model tests are the only means to verify the finite element model and theoretical calculation results. They can also make the most direct observations on the stress state and failure mode of the nodes to correct the finite element model.

[0004] The node model tests currently carried out are concentrated on plane nodes, and the testing methods and loading equipment are becoming more mature. Universal testing machines or large reaction frames are usually used to load axial forces on the rods of plane nodes. For spatial nodes, it is necessary to design multiple sets of reaction frames or set up large reaction walls to realize load application in different directions.

[0005] Both universal testing machines and large reaction frames are expensive and less applicable, and the applied loads are mainly in-plane loads. With the change of design concepts and the growth of material properties, steel structure design tends to be simple and reasonable, and the loads on the nodes are more complex. For example, the plate-truss combined space nodes used in bridge engineering mainly bear out-of-plane loads. The prior art lacks a loading test device for such space nodes. In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a space node multi-dimensional universal loading device in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which has the characteristics of simple structural layout, reasonable design, convenient installation, low cost and wide application, and can effectively solve the problems of the existing node loading device being expensive, complex in structure and difficult to consider multi-dimensional loads at the same time. The basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A multi-dimensional universal loading device for a space node, comprising a horizontal loading and restraining module, an axial loading and restraining module, and a vertical loading and restraining module; Wherein, the horizontal load application and restraint module includes a transverse bottom beam, a diagonal brace, a column, a cushion beam, a horizontal force sensor and a horizontal jack; The transverse bottom beam, the diagonal brace and the column are connected by welding to form a triangular stable structure; the cushion beam is connected to the column by long bolts; the cushion beam is connected to the pad by short bolts; an arc-shaped baffle is welded on the pad for installing the horizontal force sensor and the horizontal jack; The axial load and constraint module comprises an axial bottom beam, a constraint end plate and a specimen end plate; constraint blocks are arranged on both sides of the axial bottom beam, and a constraint slider is arranged on one side, and the constraint block and the constraint slider are connected to the axial bottom beam through anchor bolts; a horizontal jack and a horizontal sensor are arranged between the constraint block and the constraint slider, and the pad corresponding to the horizontal jack is connected to the constraint block through short bolts; The vertical load application and restraint module includes a vertical jack, a vertical force sensor and a pad corresponding to the vertical force sensor.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, bolt holes are evenly arranged on the column wing plates to adjust the installation positions of the cushion beam and the column to match the length of the web.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wing plates of the cushion beam are evenly arranged with bolt holes in the horizontal direction, so as to adjust the installation positions of the cushion beam and the cushion plate to match the arrangement of the web members.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the constraint block and the constraint slider move their positions on the axial bottom beam by tightening or loosening the anchor bolts to adapt to the length of the chord. The specimen end plates at both ends of the node chord are connected to the constraint end plates by friction-type high-strength bolts for installation of the node specimen on the loading device.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the vertical jack is vertically fixed to the pad, and after a hole is opened at the loading position on the ground, the pad is connected to the ground through short bolts.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a K-type plate-truss combined spatial node as an example; the K-type plate-truss combined spatial node includes a chord, a web, and a cross beam. Before installing the node on the loading device, the specimen end plates need to be welded at both ends of the chord; the chord is overlapped on the upper part of the cross beam, and the web is installed on the chord.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transverse bottom beam is connected to the foundation groove through anchor bolts.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axial bottom beam is connected to the foundation groove through anchor bolts.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Axial force, horizontal force and vertical force can be applied to the node specimen at the same time to realize the test of the node specimen under the simultaneous action of multi-dimensional loads.

[0015] 2. The constraint slider and constraint block in the axial load and constraint module are connected to the bottom beam through anchor bolts. The position of the slider and the block can be adjusted by the tightness of the bolts to adapt to the node specimens with different chord (main tube) lengths.

[0016] 3. In the horizontal loading and restraint module, by changing the position of the cushion beam and the horizontal loading device, it can adapt to node specimens with different web member (branch 1) lengths and different web member (branch 1) arrangements.

[0017] 4. The vertical load is easy to apply, has low requirements on the foundation, and can adapt to node specimens with different beam (branch 2) lengths.

[0018] 5. The present invention adopts modular design, the structural design of each module is simple, and the installation process is clear.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has a simple structure, reasonable design, easy manufacture, low cost, and wide applicability, and can effectively solve the problem that existing node loading devices are difficult to implement simultaneous application of out-of-plane loads and multi-dimensional loads.

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In the attached picture: Figure 1 The overall arrangement of the present invention for testing the plate-truss combined integral node Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 2 The overall arrangement of the present invention for testing the plate-truss combined integral node Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention when used for testing a plate-truss combined integral node.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention when used for testing a plate-truss combined integral node.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal load application and constraint module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axial load application and constraint module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. axial bottom beam; 2. constraint block; 3. constraint slider; 4. constraint end plate; 5. specimen end plate; 6. axial jack; 7. axial force sensor; 8. vertical jack; 9. vertical force sensor; 10. transverse bottom beam; 11. diagonal brace; 12. column; 13. cushion beam; 14. horizontal force sensor; 15. horizontal jack; 16. arc baffle; 17. long bolt; 18. anchor bolt; 19. short bolt; 20. friction type high-strength bolt; 21. pad; 22. cross beam; 23. web; 24. chord. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention. Example

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a multi-dimensional universal loading device for a space node includes a horizontal load and constraint module, an axial load and constraint module, and a vertical load and constraint module; wherein the horizontal load and constraint module includes a transverse bottom beam 10, a diagonal brace 11, a column 12, a cushion beam 13, a horizontal force sensor 14, and a horizontal jack 15; the transverse bottom beam 10, the diagonal brace 11, and the column 12 are connected by welding to form a triangular stable structure; the cushion beam 13 is connected to the column 12 by a long bolt 17; the cushion beam 13 is connected to the pad 21 by a short bolt; an arc-shaped baffle 16 is welded on the pad 21 for installing the horizontal force sensor 14 and the horizontal jack 15; The axial load application and constraint module includes an axial bottom beam 1, a constraint end plate 4 and a specimen end plate 5; constraint blocks 2 are arranged on both sides of the axial bottom beam 1, and a constraint slider 3 is arranged on one side, and the constraint block 2 and the constraint slider 3 are connected to the axial bottom beam through anchor bolts; a horizontal jack 6 and a horizontal sensor 7 are arranged between the constraint block 2 and the constraint slider 3, and a pad 21 corresponding to the horizontal jack 6 is connected to the constraint block 2 through a short bolt 19; The vertical loading and restraint module includes a vertical jack 8, a vertical force sensor 9 and a pad 21 corresponding to the vertical force sensor 9; bolt holes are evenly arranged on the wing plate of the column 12 for adjusting the installation position of the pad beam 13 and the column 12 to adapt to the length of the web 23; bolt holes are evenly arranged on the wing plate of the pad beam 13 in the horizontal direction for adjusting the installation position of the pad beam 13 and the pad 21 to adapt to the arrangement of the web 23.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, in a specific implementation, the restraining block 2 and the restraining slider 3 are moved on the axial bottom beam 1 by the tightness of the anchor bolts to adapt to the length of the chord 24, and the specimen end plates 5 and the restraining end plates 4 at both ends of the node chord 24 are connected by friction-type high-strength bolts 20 for installation of the node specimen on the loading device; the bottom of the vertical jack 8 is vertically fixed to the pad 21, and after a hole is opened at the ground loading position, the pad 21 is connected to the ground through short bolts 19.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, further, the transverse bottom beam 10 is connected to the foundation groove through the anchor bolts 18, and the axial bottom beam 1 is connected to the foundation groove through the anchor bolts 18. Example

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the difference from this embodiment is: a multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes, also includes a K-type plate truss combined space node as an example; the K-type plate truss combined space node includes a chord 24, a web 23, and a beam 22. Before installing the node on the loading device, it is necessary to weld the specimen end plates 5 at both ends of the chord 24; the chord 24 is overlapped on the upper part of the beam 22, and the web 23 is installed on the chord 24.

[0033] The implementation principle of a multi-dimensional universal loading device for spatial nodes in this embodiment is as follows: according to the size and shape of the node specimen to be tested, the positions of the cushion beam 13, the constraint block 2, and the constraint slider 3 are adjusted by the tightness of the long bolts 17 and the anchor bolts 18; the specimen end plates 5 and the constraint end plates 4 at both ends of the node chord 24 are connected by friction-type high-strength bolts 20 to realize the installation of the node specimen on the loading device; the vertical force of the cross beam 22 and the horizontal force of the web 21 can be applied by the vertical jack 8 and the horizontal jack 15, and the applied force sensor 9 and the horizontal force sensor 14 are used to record the vertical force sensor 9 and the horizontal force sensor 14. Load size; for the axial force loading of the chord 24, when the anchor bolts 18 at each position are tightened, loosen the anchor bolts 18 under the constraint slider 3, and then use the axial force jack 6 to apply axial force to the constraint slider 3, and record the axial force size through the axial force sensor 7. When the axial force reaches the test design load, tighten the anchor bolts 18 under the constraint slider 3 and unload the axial force jack 6 to achieve axial force preloading of the chord 24. Subsequently, the horizontal force of the web member 21 and the vertical force of the beam 22 can be applied according to different load conditions to achieve performance testing of the node under the combined action of multi-dimensional loads.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for spatial nodes, characterized in that: include: A horizontal load application and restraint module, the horizontal load application and restraint module comprising a transverse bottom beam (10), a diagonal brace (11), a column (12), a cushion beam (13), a horizontal force sensor (14) and a horizontal jack (15), the transverse bottom beam (10), the diagonal brace (11) and the column (12) being connected by welding to form a triangular stable structure; An axial load application and constraint module, the axial load application and constraint module comprising an axial bottom beam (1); constraint blocks (2) are arranged on both sides above the axial bottom beam (1), and a constraint slider (3) is arranged on one side; A vertical load application and constraint module, comprising a vertical jack (8), a vertical force sensor (9), and a pad (21) corresponding to the vertical force sensor (9).

2. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion beam (13) is connected to the column (12) via long bolts (17); the cushion beam (13) is connected to the pad plate (21) via short bolts; an arc-shaped baffle (16) is welded to the pad plate (21) for installing a horizontal force sensor (14) and a horizontal jack (15); bolt holes are evenly arranged on the wing plate of the column (12) for adjusting the installation position of the cushion beam (13) and the column (12) to match the length of the web (23).

3. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing plate of the cushion beam (13) is evenly arranged with bolt holes in the horizontal direction, which are used to adjust the installation position of the cushion beam (13) and the cushion plate (21) to match the arrangement of the web rod (23).

4. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The restraining block (2) and the restraining slider (3) are both connected to the axial bottom beam via anchor bolts; a horizontal jack (6) and a horizontal sensor (7) are arranged between the restraining block (2) and the restraining slider (3); a pad (21) corresponding to the horizontal jack (6) is connected to the restraining block (2) via short bolts (19).

5. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The restraining block (2) and the restraining slide block (3) are moved on the axial bottom beam (1) by tightening or loosening the anchor bolts to match the length of the chord (24); the specimen end plates (5) and the restraining end plates (4) at both ends of the node chord (24) are connected by friction-type high-strength bolts (20) for mounting the node specimen on the loading device.

6. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a K-type plate-truss combined spatial node as an example; the K-type plate-truss combined spatial node comprises a chord (24), a web member (23), and a crossbeam (22); before installing the node on a loading device, a specimen end plate (5) needs to be welded at both ends of the chord (24); the chord (24) is overlapped on the upper part of the crossbeam (22), and the web member (23) is installed on the chord (24).

7. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse bottom beam (10) is connected to the foundation groove via anchor bolts (18).

8. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial bottom beam (1) is connected to the foundation groove via anchor bolts (18).

9. A multi-dimensional universal loading device for space nodes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical jack (8) is vertically fixed to the pad (21), and after a hole is opened at the ground loading position, the pad (21) is connected to the ground through short bolts (19).

Images