Electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides electronic equipment. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure within the housing. The antenna structure comprises a circuit board and a first radiation structure. The first radiation structure comprises a first radiation ring and a plurality of branches. An included angle is formed between the axial direction of the first radiation ring and the circuit board. The shell comprises a metal ring shell body, the metal ring shell body extends in the axial direction, and the axial direction is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring. The plurality of branches are distributed along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring and are connected between the first radiation ring and the circuit board, and specifically comprise a feed branch and at least two first grounding branches. The branch knots are electrically connected with the circuit board, and two adjacent branch knots and a first section, located between the two branch knots, of the first radiation ring form an antenna substructure. The feed branch knot is used for feeding the first radiation ring, the first radiation structure is used for first resonance, and the first radiation structure can be equivalent to a plurality of connected antenna substructures, so that a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure is realized.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on September 27, 2023, with application number 202311290660.3 and invention name "An Electronic Device", all contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] With the continuous development of communication technology, smart home systems, as the basic application of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, have been widely promoted in scenarios such as life and entertainment, learning and office. In the smart home scenario, the client of the IoT application can be installed in the electronic devices used by users, or can support binding to the user account of the IoT application. Users can control terminal devices through IoT applications, thereby realizing the intelligent linkage between the electronic devices used by users and individual terminal devices. For example, users can use the IoT application of the remote control device to issue instructions to the smart lights to change the lighting scene, so as to control the smart lights to adjust the lighting.

[0004] The connection between electronic devices and IoT applications generally uses wireless connection technologies such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, and Zig-bee. Among them, electronic devices that support the Wi-Fi protocol can connect to the Internet through the Internet protocol (IP) protocol, thereby accessing the IoT smart home platform. The IoT smart home platform can interact with the client of the IoT application installed on the electronic device used by the user, thereby realizing the interaction between the electronic device and the IoT application.

[0005] At present, according to different preferences of users, the shells of electronic devices can be made of different materials to reflect different textures. However, for electronic devices with metal shells, the metal shells have adverse effects on the antennas inside the electronic devices, causing the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antennas to deteriorate. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides an electronic device to achieve a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation pattern of an antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in a metal ring housing.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing. The housing includes a metal ring shell, which extends in an axial direction. The antenna structure includes a circuit board and a first radiation structure arranged on one side of the circuit board. The first radiation structure includes a first radiation ring and a plurality of branches. The axial direction of the first radiation ring is arranged at an angle with the circuit board, and the axial direction of the first radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell. The plurality of branches are arranged between the first radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the first radiation ring, and electrically connect the first radiation ring and the circuit board. The plurality of branches specifically include a feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches, wherein the feeding branch is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board and is used to feed the first radiation ring. The at least two first grounding branches are electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding. Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiation ring into a first section and a second section, wherein the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring is greater than the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring. The first radiation structure includes a plurality of first antenna substructures, and the plurality of first antenna substructures are used to generate a first resonance. Each first antenna substructure includes two adjacent branches and a first section of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches.

[0008] When the antenna structure of the electronic device communicates, the first radiation structure can generate a first resonance. Therefore, in the first resonance mode, the first radiation structure can be equivalent to multiple first antenna substructures working together, thereby realizing a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure, so as to improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring housing.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the first radiation ring is at a first distance from the circuit board. On a side of the circuit board facing the first radiation structure, an end of the metal ring shell away from the circuit board is at a second distance from the circuit board, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the second distance is less than or equal to 0.22λ, where λ is a free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0010] The first radiation ring includes a plurality of first segments, and the lengths of the first segments along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring are all equal, so that the plurality of branches are evenly arranged along the circumference of the first radiation ring. Alternatively, the plurality of branches may also be unevenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring, which is not limited here. In this implementation, the sizes of the plurality of branches may be equal, so that the sizes of the plurality of first antenna substructures of the first radiation structure are equal.

[0011] In the above implementation, the length of the first section of the first radiation loop between two adjacent branches is d1, the lengths of the two branches adjacent to the first section are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ. In the first resonant mode, each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution, so that the mode has good horizontal plane coverage.

[0012] In the above electronic device, the at least two first grounding branches are not electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board through an inductor device or a winding inductor.

[0013] Specifically, the current distribution generating the first resonance of the first radiation structure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on a first section of the first radiation loop between the two adjacent branches, and the first reverse current distribution has a current reverse point.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the first radiation ring has a groove or a gap between two adjacent branches, and the groove or the gap is located in a middle area of ​​the first segment.

[0015] In practical applications, the antenna structure can be used to generate multiple operating modes according to the requirements of dual-frequency or multi-frequency scenarios. For example, in one possible implementation, the first radiation loop can also be used to generate a second resonance. The frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance. The current distribution of the first radiation loop generating the second resonance includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation loop, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reverse points.

[0016] In the above electronic device, the first radiation loop can also be used to generate a third resonance. The frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance. Specifically, the current distribution of the first radiation loop generating the third resonance includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiation loop, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reverse points.

[0017] In addition to the resonance generated by the first radiation structure itself, the antenna structure may also include a second radiation structure to generate other resonances. The second radiation structure includes a second radiation ring and at least two second ground branches. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring, and the minimum inner diameter of the second radiation ring is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiation ring. The at least two second ground branches are arranged between the second radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the second radiation ring, and electrically connect the second radiation ring and the circuit board. Any two adjacent second ground branches divide the second radiation ring into a third section and a fourth section. The length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring is greater than the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring. The second radiation structure includes a plurality of second antenna substructures. The plurality of second antenna substructures are used to generate a fourth resonance. Each second antenna substructure includes two adjacent second ground branches and a third section of the second radiation ring located between the two adjacent second ground branches. In the antenna structure, the second radiation structure is used to generate a fourth resonance, and the two adjacent second ground branches and the third section of the second radiation ring located between the two adjacent second ground branches form a second antenna substructure. When the second radiation structure is working, the second radiation structure can be equivalent to a plurality of second antenna substructures working together, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in the metal ring housing.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the second radiation ring includes a plurality of third segments, and the lengths of the third segments along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring are all equal. Alternatively, the plurality of second grounding branches may also be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second radiation ring, which is not limited here. In addition, the sizes of the at least two second grounding branches may be equal, so that the sizes of the plurality of second antenna substructures of the second radiation structure are equal.

[0019] Specifically, the current distribution generating the fourth resonance of the second radiation structure includes a second unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent second ground branches, and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third section of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches, and the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first radiation ring is at a first distance from the circuit board, the second radiation ring is at a third distance from the circuit board, and the third distance is greater than zero and less than the first distance. That is, based on the circuit board, the height of the first radiation ring is higher than the height of the second radiation ring, so that the first radiation ring has high-efficiency radiation.

[0021] The extension direction of the multiple branches of the first radiation structure may be arranged at an angle with the perpendicular direction of the circuit board, and the angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the angle between the extension direction of each branch and the perpendicular direction of the circuit board is equal, and the above-mentioned multiple branches can be arranged in sequence, so that the size of each branch is the same, simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna structure.

[0023] In addition, the shape of the first radiation ring may include a circular ring, a triangle, a rectangle or other polygons, and the present application does not impose any specific limitation thereto.

[0024] In a possible implementation, along the circumferential direction of the metal ring shell, there is a fourth distance between the first radiation ring and the metal ring shell, and the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. In this way, the electronic device can maintain a better antenna efficiency.

[0025] In the electronic device of the present application, the metal ring housing can be electrically connected to the ground layer of the circuit board through the metal piece and used for grounding.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the electronic device may further include a first cover plate and a second cover plate. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are respectively disposed at two ends of the metal ring housing and are surrounded by the metal ring housing to form a receiving cavity. The antenna structure is disposed in the receiving cavity.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the first radiating structure is disposed between the circuit board and the first cover plate. The first cover plate can be used as a display surface of the electronic device. Specifically, the first cover plate has a conductive area, and an insulating gap is provided between the conductive area and the metal ring housing. In order to prevent the metal ring housing from affecting the function of the conductive area, the insulating gap can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and an antenna structure, and the antenna structure is located in the housing. The antenna structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator and at least two branches. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator are identical and symmetrically arranged. The at least two branches are connected between the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna structure also includes a feeding point. In the antenna structure, the feeding point can be located in one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point can also be located in the first radiator and arranged near one of the at least two branches. Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches can divide the first radiator into a first section and a second section, and divide the second radiator into a third section and a fourth section. Among them, the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator. The length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator. The antenna structure includes a plurality of antenna substructures, and the aforementioned plurality of antenna substructures can be used to generate a sixth resonance. Each antenna substructure specifically includes any two adjacent branches, and a first section and a third section located between any two adjacent branches.

[0029] In the electronic device of the present application, the antenna structure can generate a sixth resonance during communication. In the sixth resonance mode, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator cancel each other, the antenna structure radiates in a vertically polarized manner through the above-mentioned at least two branches, and the antenna structure can be equivalent to multiple antenna substructures working together, thereby realizing an omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure to achieve 360-degree horizontal plane omnidirectional coverage of the electronic device.

[0030] The electronic device of the present application can be applied to a vehicle. In one possible implementation, the electronic device can be a vehicle infotainment system (telematics box, TBox), which is used to communicate with a mobile phone, a background system or a base station, etc., to display and control vehicle information. The electronic device can be installed in a vehicle, specifically on the top of the vehicle, in the cabin or in the engine compartment. In another possible implementation, the electronic device can be a car key, so that the car key can be used to operate the vehicle at any position of the vehicle.

[0031] In a possible implementation, in each antenna substructure, the length of the first segment, the length of the third segment, and the sum of the lengths of the two branches are within the range of (0.8±0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure. Wherein, λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the sixth resonance. In other words, the sum of half the length of the first segment, half the length of the third segment, and the length of a branch connected between the first segment and the third segment is within the range of (0.4±0.125)λ.

[0032] In the electronic device of the present application, the first radiator and the second radiator have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator and the second radiator may be annular radiators, for example, may include triangles, circles, squares or other polygons. In one possible implementation, the first radiator and the second radiator are radiation rings, respectively. The above-mentioned at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiation ring, and the sizes of the above-mentioned at least two branches are equal. Of course, the first radiator and the second radiator may also be other shapes. In another possible implementation, taking the first radiator as an example, the first radiator includes at least three radiation branches, one end of each of these radiation branches converges to a point and is connected, and the other end extends in a direction away from the point and the other ends of these radiation branches are arranged in an axial direction.

[0033] In addition, when the length dimension of each antenna substructure is λ, the length of each branch node may be greater than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure is a slender structure, thereby reducing the width dimension of the antenna structure. Alternatively, the length of each branch node may be less than the length of the first segment, so that the antenna structure is a short and fat structure, thereby reducing the height dimension of the antenna structure.

[0034] In the present application, the current distribution that produces the sixth resonance in the antenna structure includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment. The first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point.

[0035] In one possible implementation, between two adjacent branches, the first radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the first radiator is located at the current reversal point of the first segment; and / or, the second radiator has a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the second radiator is located at the current reversal point of the third segment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the first resonance mode;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 3D radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the medium antenna structure;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The horizontal plane radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the medium antenna structure;

[0041] Figure 6 Another structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 1 a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonance mode;

[0043] Figure 8 for Figure 7 3D radiation pattern of mode f2 of the antenna structure in the middle;

[0044] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 The horizontal plane pattern of mode f2 of the medium antenna structure;

[0045] Fig.10 for Figure 7 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure after removing the first grounding branch;

[0046] Fig.11 for Figure 1 A current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the third resonance mode;

[0047] Fig.12 for Fig.11 3D radiation pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure in the middle;

[0048] Fig.13 for Fig.11 The horizontal plane pattern of mode f3 of the medium antenna structure;

[0049] Fig.14 for Fig.11 The current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure after removing the first grounding branch;

[0050] Fig.15 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A side view of the antenna structure;

[0052] Fig.17 for Fig.15 a current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the antenna structure in the fourth resonance mode;

[0053] Fig.18 for Fig.15 Another current distribution diagram of the second radiation structure in the fourth resonance mode;

[0054] Fig.19 for Fig.18 3D radiation pattern of mode f4 of the medium antenna structure;

[0055] Fig. 20 for Fig.18 The horizontal plane pattern of mode f4 of the medium antenna structure;

[0056] Fig.21 Another structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig. 22 Another structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig.23 Another structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig.24 for Fig.21 S11 diagram of electronic equipment in the middle;

[0060] Fig.25 for Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the efficiency of electronic devices in the

[0061] Fig.26 for Fig.15 A comparison diagram of the resonant frequencies of antenna structures with different numbers of branches;

[0062] Fig. 27 for Fig.15 A comparison of the radiation efficiency of antenna structures with different numbers of branches;

[0063] Fig.28 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Fig.29 for Fig.28 S11 comparison of the antenna structure with slots of different widths;

[0065] Fig.30 for Fig.28 Efficiency comparison of antenna structures with slots of different widths;

[0066] Fig.31 is a schematic diagram of a first radiation ring in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Fig.32 Another schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Fig.33 Another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Fig.34 for Fig.33 a current distribution diagram of the first radiating structure in the first resonance mode;

[0070] Fig.35 for Fig.33 a current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonance mode;

[0071] Fig.36 for Fig.33 A current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the third resonance mode;

[0072] Fig.37 for Fig.33 A current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the fourth resonance mode;

[0073] Fig.38 for Fig.33 A current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the fifth resonance mode;

[0074] Fig.39 for Fig.33 Schematic diagram of S11 of the antenna structure in the first resonance, second resonance, third resonance, fourth resonance and fifth resonance modes;

[0075] Fig.40 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Fig.41 for Fig.40 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure 12 in the sixth resonance mode;

[0077] Fig.42 for Fig.40 3D radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode;

[0078] Fig.43 for Fig.40 S11 diagram of the medium antenna structure;

[0079] Fig.44 for Fig.40 Schematic diagram of the efficiency of the antenna structure;

[0080] Fig.45 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Fig.46 for Fig.45 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode;

[0082] Fig.47 for Fig.45 E-plane radiation pattern of the medium antenna structure;

[0083] Fig.48for Fig.45 H-plane radiation pattern of the medium antenna structure;

[0084] Fig.49 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Fig.50 for Fig.49 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode;

[0086] Fig.51 for Fig.49 3D radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode;

[0087] Fig.52 for Fig.49 S11 diagram of the medium antenna structure;

[0088] Fig.53 for Fig.49 Schematic diagram of the efficiency of the antenna structure;

[0089] Fig.54 for Fig.49 E-plane radiation pattern of the medium antenna structure;

[0090] Fig.55 for Fig.49 H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure.

[0091] Reference numerals:

[0092] 10-electronic device; 11-metal ring housing; 12-antenna structure;

[0093] 13-circuit board; 14-first radiation structure; 15-second radiation structure;

[0094] 16-metal part; 17-first cover plate; 141-first radiation ring;

[0095] 142-branch; 151-second radiation ring; 152-second grounding branch;

[0096] 121-first radiator; 122-second radiator; 171-conductive area;

[0097] 1412 - gap; 1421 - feeding branch; 1422 - first grounding branch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0099] In order to facilitate the understanding of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following first introduces its application scenario. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is suitable for using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (blue-tooth, BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies. The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application can be a smart home product, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, an intelligent sensing device (such as an intelligent sensing camera) or a robot. The electronic device can also be a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing equipment connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a public land mobile communication network (publicland mobile network, PLMN) in the future evolution, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0100] Any of the above-mentioned electronic devices may include the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application to realize the communication or detection function of the electronic device. In a specific embodiment, the antenna structure in the above-mentioned electronic device can be directly installed in the electronic device and electrically connected to the processor in the electronic device to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. Alternatively, the antenna structure can also be integrated into a sensor or a sensing module, and then the above-mentioned sensor or sensing module is installed in the electronic device, and the processor of the electronic device is electrically connected to the sensor or sensing module to realize the communication function and / or detection function of the electronic device. The above-mentioned processor can specifically refer to a chip, as long as it can process data and realize at least part of the functions of the electronic device, and this application does not limit this.

[0101] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the terms that appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0102] Connection: can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship, that is, the connection between A and B can mean that there is a fastening component (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to be separated.

[0103] Circuit board: refers to a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13 or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In the present application, a circuit board may include a signal layer and a ground layer. The signal layer is electrically coupled to a feed source and is used for signal transmission with other components of an electronic device. The ground layer is a metal layer in a circuit board and is isolated from the signal layer, and the ground layer is used for grounding connection with other components of an electronic device.

[0104] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, graphite-coated substrate, copper-plated substrate, brass-plated substrate, and aluminum-plated substrate. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0105] Signal connection: refers to the connection between a component and the signal port of a circuit board to transmit signals between the component and the circuit board.

[0106] Ground connection: refers to the connection between a certain component and the grounding layer, grounding plate or grounding metal layer of the circuit board. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as realizing electrical connection between a specific position on the shell and the grounding layer of the circuit board through some structural parts of the shell (or called physical ground), that is, not electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board through an inductor or a winding inductor. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as electrically connecting the grounding layer of the circuit board through an inductor or a winding inductor (or called device ground). The limitations such as symmetry (for example, axisymmetry, or central symmetry, etc.), parallelism, verticality, sameness (for example, same size, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all for the current process level, rather than an absolutely strict definition in a mathematical sense. For example, a branch perpendicular to the circuit board may have a deviation of a predetermined angle. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±20°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation may specifically be ±15°.

[0107] Radiating loop: It is a radiating conductor used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation in the antenna structure. Specifically, the radiating loop converts the waveguide energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into waveguide energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or waveguide energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the radiating conductor for transmission (corresponding to the radiating loop of the transmitting antenna), which converts it into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy through the radiating loop and radiates it in the desired direction. The radiating conductor for reception (corresponding to the radiating loop of the receiving antenna) converts a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the input of the receiver.

[0108] The radiation ring may also include a groove or a gap formed on the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed groove or gap is formed on the conductor surface of the radiation ring.

[0109] The radiation ring can be a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a circular ring or a polygon, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment of the present application, the radiation ring is specifically a circular ring. In the present application, the radiation ring can be made by different manufacturing processes. For example, the radiation ring includes a laser direct structuring (LDS) conductive pattern, or an integrally formed / connected metal sheet / metal body.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiation ring is connected to the circuit board through a branch. In one embodiment, the branch may include an LDS conductive pattern, an integrally formed / connected metal sheet / metal body, or a conductive through hole wrapped in an insulating material.

[0111] Feed branch: refers to the connecting part between the radiating loop of the antenna structure and the circuit board. The feed branch can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on the frequency and form.

[0112] The branch size of the present application includes length and width. Among them, the length refers to the size of the branch along the extension direction, and the width refers to the size of the branch along the direction perpendicular to the length. In one embodiment, the lengths and widths of multiple branches may be equal. In practical applications, the sizes of multiple branches may not be completely equal, and processing errors are allowed. In one embodiment, equal lengths, or equal widths, can be understood as a length difference of within 5%, or a width difference of within 5%.

[0113] End / point: The "end / point" in the feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of the radiation loop cannot be narrowly understood as a point, but can also be considered as a section of the radiation conductor on the radiation loop including the end point; nor can it be narrowly understood as an end point or end that is disconnected from other radiation conductors, but can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiation loop. In one embodiment, the "end / point" can include the end point of the radiation loop at the gap, for example, the first end of the radiation loop can be considered as a section of the radiation body within 5mm (for example, 2mm) from the gap on the radiation loop. In one embodiment, the "end / point" can include a connection / coupling area on the radiation loop that is coupled to other conductive structures, for example, the feeding end / feeding point can be a coupling area on the radiation loop that is coupled to the feeding branch (for example, an area facing a part of the feeding branch), and for another example, the grounding end / grounding point can be a connection / coupling area on the radiation loop that is coupled to the grounding structure or grounding circuit.

[0114] The same direction / reverse current distribution mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is in the same direction / reverse direction. In one embodiment, the same direction current distribution on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reverse point. In one embodiment, the reverse current distribution on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reverse point. In one embodiment, the same direction current distribution on two conductors may refer to the currents on both conductors having no reverse points and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the reverse current distribution on two conductors may refer to the currents on both conductors having no reverse points and flowing in opposite directions. The same direction / reverse direction of currents on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0115] Antenna pattern: also called radiation pattern. It refers to the graph of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field changing with direction at a certain distance from the antenna. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns in the direction of the antenna's maximum radiation. Antenna patterns usually have multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the highest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. Among the side lobes, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0116] Antenna gain: It is used to characterize the degree to which the antenna radiates the input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe of the antenna pattern and the smaller the side lobe, the higher the antenna gain.

[0117] Resonance frequency: Also called resonance frequency. The resonance frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonance frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency minus the point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0118] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0119] Working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna. The width of the working frequency band is called the working bandwidth. The working bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The working bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. The bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (for example, the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable value range of the center frequency.

[0120] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same or different, or their frequency ranges may partially overlap. In one embodiment, the resonant frequency band of the antenna may cover multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0121] Wavelength λ: Also called the operating wavelength, it can be the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency or the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the antenna's uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonant frequency or the non-center frequency of the operating frequency band.

[0122] Return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmission power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0123] Radiation efficiency: refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna into space (i.e. the power of the electromagnetic wave part that is effectively converted) to the active power input to the antenna. Among them, the active power input to the antenna = the input power of the antenna - the loss power; the loss power mainly includes the return loss power and the ohmic loss power of the metal and / or the dielectric loss power. Metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors that affect radiation efficiency.

[0124] Those skilled in the art can understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between efficiency and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0125] dB: decibel, a logarithmic concept with ten as the base. Decibel is only used to evaluate the proportional relationship between one physical quantity and another physical quantity, and it itself has no physical dimension. For every 10-fold increase in the ratio between two quantities, their difference can be expressed as 10 decibels. For example: A = "100", B = "10", C = "5", D = "1", then, A / D = 20dB; B / D = 10dB; C / D = 7dB; B / C = 3dB. In other words, a difference of 10 decibels between two quantities is a difference of 10 times, a difference of 20 decibels is a difference of 100 times, and so on. A difference of 3dB is a difference of 2 times between the two quantities.

[0126] dBi: Usually mentioned together with dBd. dBi and dBd are units of power gain, both are relative values, but with different reference standards. The reference standard for dBi is the omnidirectional antenna; the reference standard for dBd is the dipole. It is generally believed that dBi and dBd represent the same gain, and the value expressed in dBi is 2.15dBi larger than that expressed in dBd. For example: for an antenna with a gain of 16dBd, when its gain is converted into units of dBi, it is 18.15dBi. Generally, the decimal places are ignored and it is 18dBi.

[0127] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0128] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency. In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the part of the resonance shown in the S11 diagram that is less than -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself is, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.

[0129] It should be noted that in engineering, the S11 value is generally -6dB as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or that the antenna has good transmission efficiency.

[0130] The following takes a smart key switch as an example to illustrate an electronic device with an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing and an antenna structure 12. Specifically, the antenna structure 12 is arranged inside the housing, and the antenna structure 12 includes a circuit board 13. In the present application, the housing may include a metal ring housing 11. The circuit board 13 includes a floor or a ground layer. The metal ring housing 11 is axially (eg, Figure 1 The metal ring housing 11 extends in the direction indicated by the dotted line, and the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is arranged at an angle to the circuit board 13. For example, in a specific embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is arranged at an angle of 90 degrees with the circuit board 13 , that is, the axial direction of the metal ring housing 11 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13 . Figure 1 In the example, the electronic device 10 is only taken as a smart button switch. In actual application, the electronic device 10 in the embodiment of the present application can also be a terminal device such as a smart button, a smart bracelet or a tablet computer, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0131] With the popularity of personalized customization, the overall aesthetics of electronic devices is increasingly required. In order to reflect different appearance textures, the shell of electronic devices can be made of different materials such as plastic, metal, and wood. Taking the shell of metal material as an example, it should be understood that the metal shell wraps the antenna structure, which will have an adverse effect on the performance of the antenna structure. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the radiation performance of the antenna while satisfying the user's personalized customization.

[0132] Therefore, the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to achieve a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure in a metal ring housing.

[0133] It should be noted that the terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context.

[0134] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear at different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0135] Please continue reading Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present application, the outer surface of the metal ring housing 11 can be used as a part of the appearance surface of the electronic device 10. In practical application, the metal ring housing 11 can be an annular housing surrounded by a metal plate. The extension of the metal ring housing 11 in the axial direction can be understood as the thickness of the metal ring housing 11 (i.e., the thickness of the metal plate) is less than the length of the metal ring housing 11 in the axial direction.

[0136] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the antenna structure 12 also includes a first radiation structure 14. Specifically, the first radiation structure 14 includes a first radiation ring 141 and a plurality of branches 142. The axial direction of the first radiation ring 141 is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell 11, that is, the axial direction of the first radiation ring 141 is set at an angle with the circuit board 13. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the parallelism of the axial direction may refer to the two axial directions being in the same direction, but the two axes not overlapping; or, it may also refer to the two axial directions being in the same direction, and the two axes overlapping. The above-mentioned multiple branches 142 are located between the first radiation ring 141 and the circuit board 13, and electrically connect the first radiation ring 141 and the circuit board 13. These branches 142 are distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141. Specifically, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 include a feeding branch 1421 and at least one first grounding branch 1422. Among them, the feeding branch 1421 is connected to the circuit board 13 signal, that is, the feeding branch 1421 is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board 13. The at least one first grounding branch 1422 is grounded to the circuit board 13, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board 13. In one embodiment, the at least two first grounding branches 1422 may be electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board 13 without passing through an inductor or a winding inductor, that is, the first grounding branch 1422 is directly electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board 13. In the present application, the specific number of first grounding branches 1422 is not limited, for example, at least one first grounding branch 1422 may include one, two, three, four, six or eight, etc. The specific number of the first grounding branches 1422 can be determined based on the circumference of the first radiation ring 141, the length of the first grounding branch 1422, and the target operating frequency band of the antenna structure 12. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of the first grounding branches 1422 is four.

[0137] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the first resonance mode. Figure 3 As shown, the first radiation structure 14 is used to generate the first resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent branches 142 can divide the first radiation loop 141 into a first section and a second section. The length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop 141 is greater than the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop 141. The first radiation structure 14 includes a plurality of first antenna substructures (such as Figure 3As shown by the dashed line in the middle, each first antenna substructure includes two adjacent branches 142 and a first section of the first radiation loop 141 located between the two adjacent branches 142. In the first resonant mode, the first radiation structure 14 can be equivalent to a plurality of first antenna substructures connected to form a high-efficiency omnidirectional radiation mode of the antenna structure 12, so as to improve the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 in the metal ring housing 11.

[0138] Please continue reading Figure 3 In a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141, and may specifically include a feeding branch 1421 and four first grounding branches 1422. In this embodiment, the first radiation structure 14 includes five first antenna substructures. When the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, each first antenna substructure generates a loop antenna mode of 0.5λ, and the current distribution on each first antenna substructure is similar. Specifically, the current distribution of a single first antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches 142, and a first reverse current distribution on the segment of the first radiation ring 141 located between the two branches 142, wherein the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point (also referred to as a current small point). At this time, the first radiation structure 14 generates a fundamental mode f1, that is, a first resonant mode. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The 3D radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure in Figure 5 for Figure 3 The horizontal plane radiation pattern of the fundamental mode f1 of the antenna structure. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the plurality of branches 142 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 and the plurality of branches 142 have the same size, the plurality of first antenna substructures formed by the plurality of branches 142 and the first radiation ring 141 are the same, and each first antenna substructure has the same current distribution, each branch 142 (including the feeding branch 1421 and the first grounding branch 1422) has the same direction of current distribution, and the current of the first radiation ring 141 between two adjacent branches 142 is reversed. Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the antenna structure 12 of this embodiment has good horizontal plane coverage in the first resonance mode, and the horizontal plane non-circularity is within 2db. Among them, the length of the segment between two adjacent branches 142 of the first radiation ring 141 is d1, and the lengths of the two branches 142 adjacent to the segment are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is equal to (0.5±0.125)λ, for example, the sum of d1, d2 and d3 can be equal to 0.375λ, 0.46λ, 0.489λ, 0.5λ, 0.56λ, 0.6λ, 0.613λ, 0.625λ, etc., and no specific restrictions are made here. Among them, λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

[0139] It should be noted that the uniform distribution of the plurality of branches 142 along the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 means that the length of the first segment between any two adjacent branches 142 is equal. The same size of the plurality of branches 142 means that the length of the plurality of branches 142 along the extension direction (such as Figure 3 The vertical direction in the middle), the width perpendicular to the length direction, and the angle between its extending direction and the circuit board 13 are all equal.

[0140] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is another structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, in actual applications, due to different manufacturing processes of the branches 142, the angle θ between the extension direction of the branches 142 and the perpendicular direction of the circuit board 13 may not be equal, for example, the angle θ may be less than or equal to 45 degrees. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 can be LDS conductive patterns, and the sizes are equal. Specifically, the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 can be tilted in sequence in a counterclockwise direction, so that each branch 142 is evenly arranged, simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna structure 12. In the present application, the branches 142 with different inclination angles have little effect on the resonant frequency and radiation pattern of the first resonant mode, the radiation efficiency difference is within 0.2dB, and the efficiency of the electronic device 10 at 2.4GHz is about -3dB.

[0141] In practical applications, the electronic device 10 can be used to generate a variety of working modes. According to specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet the scenario requirements of dual-band or multi-band. Figure 7 for Figure 1 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonance mode. Figure 7As shown, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the first radiation ring 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiation ring 141, that is, the mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. The mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring 141, with two current reverse points. The 3D radiation pattern and the horizontal plane radiation pattern of the mode f2 are shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, Figure 8 for Figure 7 The 3D radiation pattern of mode f2 of the antenna structure in, Fig. 9 for Figure 7 In the second resonance mode, the existence of the at least one first ground branch 1422 will not affect whether the second resonance mode exists. Fig.10 for Figure 7 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure after removing the first grounding branch. Fig.10 As shown, the second resonance mode still exists after the first grounding branch 1422 is deleted. Specifically, the existence of the first grounding branch 1422 acts as an inductive load on the first radiation loop 141, causing the frequency of the first radiation loop 141 to deviate in the second resonance mode.

[0142] In another embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141 , the first radiation loop 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Fig.11 for Figure 1 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the third resonance mode. Fig.11 As shown, the first radiation ring 141 generates a 2λ mode of the first radiation ring 141, that is, a third resonance mode. The 2λ mode is a higher-order mode of mode f2, that is, mode f3. The current distribution of mode f3 includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reverse points. The 3D directional diagram and the horizontal plane directional diagram of the higher-order mode f3 are shown in FIG. Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, Fig.12 for Fig.11 The 3D radiation pattern of mode f3 of the antenna structure in, Fig.13 for Fig.11 In the third resonance mode, the existence of the at least one first ground branch 1422 will not affect whether the third resonance mode exists. Fig.14 for Fig.11 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure after removing the first grounding branch. Fig.14As shown, the third resonance mode still exists after the first grounding branch 1422 is deleted. The existence of the first grounding branch 1422 acts as an inductive load on the first radiation loop 141, causing the frequency of the first radiation loop 141 to deviate in the third resonance mode.

[0143] Fig.15 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.16 for Fig.15 A side view of the antenna structure. Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, in addition to the resonance generated by the first radiation ring 141 itself, the antenna structure 12 may also include a second radiation structure 15. The second radiation structure 15 includes a second radiation ring 151 and at least two second ground branches 152 to generate other resonances. Specifically, the axial direction of the second radiation ring 151 is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring 141, and the second radiation ring 151 is arranged at intervals on the outer periphery of the first radiation ring 141. The minimum inner diameter of the second radiation ring 151 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiation ring 141, and is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the metal ring shell 11. The at least two second ground branches 152 are connected between the second radiation ring 151 and the circuit board 13, and the at least two second ground branches 152 are arranged along the axial direction of the second radiation ring 151. Fig.17 for Fig.15 The current distribution diagram of the second radiating structure in the antenna structure in the fourth resonance mode, Fig.18 for Fig.15 Another current distribution diagram of the second radiation structure in the fourth resonance mode, wherein, Fig.17 for Fig.15 Bottom view of the antenna structure. Fig.18 for Fig.15 Bottom view of the second radiating structure. Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, in the electronic device 10, the second radiation loop 151 is used to generate the fourth resonance. Specifically, any two adjacent second ground branches 152 can divide the second radiation structure 15 into a third section and a fourth section. The length of the fourth end along the circumferential direction of the second radiation loop 151 is greater than the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation loop 151. The second radiation structure 15 includes a plurality of second antenna substructures (such as Fig.18 The second antenna substructure includes any two adjacent second grounding branches 152 and a second radiation ring 151 segment therebetween to form a second antenna substructure (as shown by the dashed line in the middle). Fig.18As shown by the dashed line in the middle, each second antenna substructure includes two adjacent second grounding branches 152, and a third segment of the second radiation ring 151 located between the two adjacent second grounding branches 152. Therefore, in the fourth resonant mode, the second radiation structure 15 can be equivalent to being formed by connecting multiple second antenna substructures, thereby further improving the radiation efficiency and directivity of the antenna structure 12 in the metal ring shell 11. The current distribution of a single second antenna substructure includes a second unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent second grounding branches 152, and a fourth reverse current distribution on the segment of the second radiation ring 151 located between the two second grounding branches 152, wherein the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point. At this time, the second radiation structure 15 generates mode f4, i.e., the fourth resonant mode. Fig.19 for Fig.18 The 3D radiation pattern of mode f4 of the antenna structure in Fig. 20 for Fig.18 Therefore, the antenna structure 12 has better omnidirectional radiation in the fourth resonance mode.

[0144] Fig.21 FIG. 1 is another structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.21 As shown, in one embodiment, the height of the metal ring shell 11 along the axial direction can be 0.22λ, wherein the height of the metal ring shell 11 along the axial direction on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiation structure 14 can be 0.11λ, that is, the circuit board 13 is located in the metal ring shell 11 and centered along the height direction of the metal ring shell 11. Fig. 22 FIG. 1 is another structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Fig. 22 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the metal ring housing 11 can be grounded and connected to the circuit board 13 through a metal member 16. Specifically, the metal member 16 can be an annular metal member. The annular metal member and the metal ring housing 11 can be an integrally formed structure, or can be fixedly connected by bonding or welding. In addition, the metal member 16 can be grounded and connected to the circuit board 13 through a plurality of grounding posts, and the grounding posts can be bolts or pins. Or, as Fig.21 As shown, the metal ring housing 11 can be directly grounded to the circuit board 13 through a plurality of grounding posts. Fig.23 FIG. 1 is another structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.23 As shown, the metal ring housing 11 may not be grounded to the circuit board 13. Fig.21In the illustrated embodiment, the multiple branches 142 of the first radiation structure 14 may include a feed branch 1421 and four first ground branches 1422, and each branch 142 is perpendicular to the circuit board 13. The length of each branch 142 is 0.09λ. The circumference of the first radiation ring 141 is 0.55λ, the circumference of the second radiation ring 151 is 1.15λ, and the distance between the second radiation ring 151 and the circuit board 13 is 0.044λ. It should be noted that the dimensions of the components in this embodiment are only for illustration, and the dimensions of the components are not specifically limited. The above-mentioned electronic device 10 can be applied to multi-frequency application scenarios. Among them, the antenna structure 12 includes a first resonant mode (f1 includes 2.45GHz), a second resonant mode (f2 includes 3.4GHz), a third resonant mode (f3 includes 4.9GHz), and a fourth resonant mode (f4 includes 5.5GHz). The electronic device 10 of this embodiment can be applied to 2.4GHz and 5GHz dual-frequency application scenarios. Fig.24 for Fig.21 S11 diagram of electronic devices in Fig.25 for Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the efficiency of the electronic device 10. The efficiency of each operating frequency point of the antenna structure 12 of the electronic device 10 is within -3dB, and has good non-circularity in the first resonance mode.

[0145] In the above embodiment, the distance between the first radiation ring 141 and the metal ring housing 11 is greater than or equal to 0.024λ. In this way, the electronic device 10 can maintain a better antenna efficiency. Further, on the side of the circuit board 13 facing the first radiation structure 14, the distance between the end surface of the metal ring housing 11 away from the circuit board 13 and the circuit board 13 is less than or equal to 0.22λ.

[0146] In one embodiment, the first radiation ring 141 is at a first distance from the circuit board 13, the second radiation ring 151 is at a second distance from the circuit board 13, and the first distance is greater than the second distance. In other words, based on the circuit board 13, the height of the first radiation ring 141 is higher than the height of the second radiation ring 151, so that the first radiation ring 141 has high-efficiency radiation.

[0147] In the present application, the width of the first grounding branch 1422 has little effect on the standing wave of the antenna structure 12. Specifically, first grounding branches 1422 of different widths cause frequency deviation of the fundamental mode f1, but have little effect on modes f2, f3 and f4. Fig.26 for Fig.15 Comparison of the resonant frequencies of antenna structures with different numbers of branches. Fig. 27 for Fig.15 The radiation efficiency comparison diagram of antenna structures with different numbers of branches is shown in Figure 2. Fig.26 and Fig. 27 As shown, when the above-mentioned multiple branches 142 are perpendicular to the circuit board 13 and the first radiation ring 141, in the first resonance mode, the number of branches 142 decreases, which makes the resonance length of each first antenna substructure longer, and the resonance shifts toward low frequency; the number of branches 142 increases, which makes the resonance length of each first antenna substructure shorter, and the resonance shifts toward high frequency. In the second resonance mode, when the number of branches 142 is different, the loading amount of the antenna structure 12 changes. Specifically, when the number of branches 142 decreases, it shifts toward low frequency, and when the number of branches 142 increases, it shifts toward high frequency. In addition, as Fig.26 As shown in FIG. 1 , the number of branches 142 has relatively little effect on the third resonance mode and the fourth resonance mode. Fig. 27 The change in the number of the vertically arranged branches 142 has a small effect on the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 12, and the difference is within 0.5 dB.

[0148] In the above embodiment, when the resonant frequency of the fourth resonant mode needs to be adjusted, it can be achieved by adjusting the number of second ground branches 152. In addition, by changing the circumference of the first radiation ring 141 and the height of the branches 142, the frequency ratio of modes f2, f3 and fundamental mode f1 can be adjusted.

[0149] Fig.28 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.28 As shown, between two adjacent branches 142, the first segment of the first radiation ring 141 has a gap 1412 (or groove), and the gap 1412 is located in the middle area of ​​the first segment. The length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring 141 is L, and the middle area refers to the area along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring 141, which is L / 5 to L / 3 away from the midpoint of the length of the first segment on both sides.

[0150] In one embodiment, the fundamental mode f1 current zero point (i.e., current reversal point) is located at the midpoint of the length of the first segment, and the slot 1412 can be located at the current reversal point to reduce the impact of the slot 1412 on the current distribution of the first antenna substructure. Fig.29 for Fig.28 S11 comparison chart of antenna structures with slots of different widths. Fig.30 for Fig.28 The efficiency comparison diagram of the antenna structure with different widths of slots. Fig.29 and Fig.30As shown, the slits 1412 of different widths do not affect the existence of the resonant mode of the antenna structure 12, but will produce a certain frequency deviation. Among them, for the first resonant mode, the frequency with the slit 1412 is lower than that without the slit 1412, and the width of the slit 1412 does not affect the frequency. For the second resonant mode, the high frequency is biased after the slit is opened, and the wider the slit 1412, the higher the frequency. For the third resonant mode, the high frequency is biased after the slit is opened, and the wider the slit 1412, the higher the frequency. For the fourth resonant mode, the impact of the slit is relatively small. Therefore, the efficiency difference between the antenna structure 12 with and without the slit is within 0.5dB, and the impact is small.

[0151] Fig.31 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first radiation ring in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.28 and Fig.31 As shown, the shape of the first radiation ring 141 may include a circular ring or an elliptical ring; or, the shape of the first radiation ring 141 may also include a polygon, such as a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon or an octagon, etc.; of course, the shape of the first radiation ring 141 may also include other irregular shapes, and the present application does not make any specific limitations.

[0152] Fig.32 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.32 As shown, when the electronic device 10 is specifically set up, the electronic device 10 may also include a first cover plate 17 and a second cover plate (not shown in the figure). The first cover plate 17 and the second cover plate are respectively arranged at both ends of the metal ring shell 11, and are surrounded by the metal ring shell 11 to form a receiving cavity. The circuit board 13 and the antenna structure 12 are arranged in the receiving cavity. The above-mentioned first cover plate 17 can also be used as a display surface of the electronic device 10. Specifically, the first cover plate 17 is insulated and connected to the metal ring shell 11. The first cover plate 17 has a conductive area 171, and there is a gap between the conductive area 171 and the metal ring shell 11. In order to prevent the metal ring shell 11 from affecting the function of the conductive area 171, the above-mentioned gap can be set to be greater than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0153] In practical applications, due to limitations of layout space, manufacturing process technology, etc., the plurality of branches 142 may be non-uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first radiation ring. The antenna structure 12 is described in detail below using the non-uniform distribution of the plurality of branches 142 as an example.

[0154] Fig.33 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.33As shown, the antenna structure 12 includes a first radiation structure 14. The first radiation structure 14 includes a first radiation ring 141 and a plurality of branches 142. The plurality of branches 142 include a feeding branch 1421 and a first grounding branch 1422. The feeding branch 1421 and the first grounding branch 1422 are asymmetrically arranged along the first radiation ring 141, and the first radiation ring 141 is divided into a first radiation ring segment a and a second radiation ring segment b, wherein the length of the first radiation ring segment a along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring 141 is greater than the length of the second radiation ring segment b along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring 141. When the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation ring 141, the feeding branch 1421, the first grounding branch 1422 and the first radiation ring segment a form a third antenna substructure, the feeding branch 1421, the first grounding branch 1422 and the second radiation ring segment b form a fourth antenna substructure, and the current distribution on the third antenna substructure and the fourth antenna substructure is similar. Fig.34 for Fig.33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the first resonance mode. Fig.34 As shown, specifically, the current distribution of the third antenna substructure includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches 142, and a reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring segment a and the second radiation ring segment b, wherein the reverse current distributions on the first radiation ring segment a and the second radiation ring segment b respectively have a current reversal point. At this time, the first radiation structure 14 generates a fundamental mode f1, that is, a first resonant mode. Since the circumference of the first radiation ring segment a is greater than the circumference of the second radiation ring segment b, the current distribution on the second radiation ring segment b is weaker than the current distribution on the first radiation ring segment a. When the circumference of the first radiation ring segment a is much greater than the circumference of the second radiation ring segment b, the current distribution on the second radiation ring segment b can be ignored. At this time, the fundamental mode f1 is mainly generated by the third antenna substructure formed by the feeding branch 1421, the first grounding branch 1422 and the first radiation ring segment a.

[0155] Of course, the electronic device 10 can also be used to generate multiple working modes. According to specific application requirements, the electronic device 10 can meet dual-band or multi-band scenario requirements. Fig.35 for Fig.33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the second resonance mode. Fig.35 As shown, in one embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141, the first radiation loop 141 can also be used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance. The second resonance mode corresponds to the 1λ mode of the first radiation loop 141, that is, the mode f2 of the antenna structure 12. The mode f2 is a 1λ convection mode, and its current distribution includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation loop 141, with two current reverse points.

[0156] In another embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141 , the first radiation loop 141 can also be used to generate a third resonance. Fig.36 for Fig.33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the third resonance mode. Fig.36 As shown, in this embodiment, the third resonance corresponds to the 1.5λ mode of the antenna structure 12, which is represented as a higher-order mode of the antenna structure 12, namely mode f3. The mode f3 is a higher-order mode of the fundamental mode f1, and the frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance.

[0157] In another embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141 , the first radiation loop 141 can also be used to generate a fourth resonance. Fig.37 for Fig.33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the fourth resonance mode. Fig.37 As shown, in this embodiment, the fourth resonance corresponds to the 2λ mode of the antenna structure, which is represented as a higher-order mode of the antenna structure 12, namely mode f4. The mode f4 is a higher-order mode of mode f2, and the frequency of the resonance point of the fourth resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance.

[0158] In another embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141 , the first radiation loop 141 can also be used to generate a fifth resonance. Fig.38 for Fig.33 The current distribution diagram of the first radiation structure in the fifth resonance mode. Fig.38 As shown, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141, the first radiation loop 141 can generate a fifth resonance, corresponding to the 0.5λ mode of the antenna structure 12, which is represented as mode f5 of the antenna structure 12. The current distribution of mode 5 includes the same direction current on the feeding branch 1421 and the first grounding branch 1422, and the reverse current on the second radiation loop segment b, and the reverse current has a current reverse point. Therefore, mode f5 is mainly generated by the fourth antenna substructure formed by the feeding branch 1421, the first grounding branch 1422 and the second radiation loop segment b.

[0159] In a specific embodiment, when the feeding branch 1421 feeds the first radiation loop 141 , the first radiation loop 141 can be used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, a third resonance, a fourth resonance, and a fifth resonance. Fig.39 for Fig.33 Schematic diagram of S11 of the antenna structure in the first resonance, second resonance, third resonance, fourth resonance and fifth resonance modes. Fig.39 As shown, the antenna structure 12 of this embodiment can generate multiple working modes and can be applied to dual-frequency or multi-frequency application scenarios.

[0160] Fig.40 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.40 As shown, in some other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 includes a housing (not shown in the figure) and an antenna structure 12, and the antenna structure 12 is arranged inside the housing. The antenna structure 12 specifically includes a first radiator 121, a second radiator 122 and at least two branches 142. Among them, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are the same and symmetrically arranged. In other words, the shape of the first radiator 121 is the same as the shape of the second radiator 122, and the size of the first radiator 121 is the same as the size of the second radiator 122. The above-mentioned at least two branches 142 are connected between the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122. That is, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are arranged relative to each other, and the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are arranged symmetrically relative to the branch 142.

[0161] In the present application, the specific number of the branches 142 is not limited, for example, the at least two branches 142 may include two, three, four, six or eight branches. Fig.40 In the illustrated embodiment, the number of branches 142 is 3 for illustration.

[0162] Please continue reading Fig.40 The antenna structure 12 further includes a feeding point F. The feeding point F may be located on one of the at least two branches 142. Alternatively, the feeding point F may also be located on the first radiator 121 and disposed close to one of the at least two branches 142.

[0163] The antenna structure 12 of the above embodiment can be used to generate the sixth resonance. Fig.40 As shown, the feed point F can be located on a branch 142. Specifically, among the at least two branches 142 mentioned above, any two adjacent branches 142 can divide the first radiator 121 into a first section and a second section, and can divide the second radiator 122 into a third section and a fourth section. Among them, the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121 is greater than or equal to the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator 121, and the length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122 is greater than or equal to the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator 122. In the sixth resonant mode, the antenna structure 12 can be equivalent to a plurality of antenna substructures connected to form. Each antenna substructure specifically includes any two adjacent branches 142, and the first section and the third section located between any two adjacent branches 142. Fig.41 for Fig.40 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure 12 in the sixth resonance mode. Fig.41As shown, the current distribution of the sixth resonance generated by the antenna structure 12 includes the first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches 142, the first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and the second reverse current distribution on the third segment, and the first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reverse point. At this time, the antenna structure 12 generates a fundamental mode f6 (f6 includes 5.9GHz). Fig.42 for Fig.40 The 3D radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode. Fig.42 As shown, in the sixth resonant mode of the antenna structure 12, the direction of the current on the first radiator 121 is opposite to the direction of the current on the second radiator 122, so that the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can cancel each other. Therefore, the antenna structure 12 radiates in a vertically polarized manner through the at least two branches 142. Fig.43 for Fig.40 S11 diagram of the antenna structure in the middle, Fig.44 for Fig.40 Schematic diagram of the efficiency of the antenna structure. Fig.43 and Fig.44 As shown, the antenna structure 12 is equivalent to a plurality of antenna substructures working together, thereby realizing an omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna structure 12, so as to achieve 360-degree horizontal omnidirectional coverage of the electronic device 10, and the zero-point gain can be improved by 8 dB.

[0164] The electronic device 10 of the above embodiment can be applied to a vehicle. For example, in one embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be a vehicle-mounted infotainment system (telematics box, TBox), which is used to communicate with multiple electronic systems such as mobile phones, background systems or base stations, so as to display and control vehicle information. The electronic device 10 can be installed in a vehicle, specifically on the top of the vehicle, in the cabin or in the engine compartment, to communicate with different electronic devices at any position inside the vehicle, or different electronic devices at any position outside the vehicle. In this embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be integrated with other electronic devices of the vehicle, in which case the housing can be a fixed bracket of the antenna structure 12; or, the electronic device 10 can also be an independent device, in which case the outer surface of the housing can be the appearance surface of the electronic device 10. In another embodiment, the electronic device 10 can be a car key, so that the car key can be operated on the vehicle at any position of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the housing can be the housing of the car key. When the electronic device 10 of the present application is actually used, the housing can be a shell made of non-metallic materials. Of course, the housing can also be partially made of metal materials, which is not specifically limited here.

[0165] In one embodiment, in each antenna substructure, the length of the first segment, the length of the third segment, and the sum of the lengths of the two branches 142 are within the range of (0.8±0.25)λ, further improving the omnidirectional radiation performance of the antenna structure 12. In other words, the sum of the length of half the first segment, half the length of the third segment, and the length of a branch 142 connected between the first segment and the third segment is within the range of (0.4±0.125)λ. Wherein, λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the sixth resonance.

[0166] In practical applications, the shape of the antenna structure 12 can be specifically set according to the application scenario. Fig.40 As shown, in one embodiment, the length of each branch 142 may be greater than the length of the first section, so that the antenna structure 12 is slender, which can reduce the width of the antenna structure 12. Fig.45 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.45 As shown, in another embodiment, the length of each branch 142 may also be smaller than the length of the first section, so that the antenna structure 12 has a short and fat shape, which can reduce the height dimension of the antenna structure 12.

[0167] Please continue reading Fig.45 In the electronic device 10 of the present application, the number of branches 142 may also be 1. Fig.46 for Fig.45 Current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode, Fig.47 for Fig.45 E-plane radiation pattern of the medium antenna structure, Fig.48 for Fig.45 The H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in Fig. Fig.46 , Fig.47 and Fig.48 As shown, when the number of branches 142 is reduced to 1, the feeding point F can be located on the first radiator 121 and arranged close to the branch 142. The current reversal point on the first radiator 121 can be located at a position opposite to the feeding point F, and the current reversal point on the second radiator 122 can be located at the connection point between the branch 142 and the second radiator 122. In this way, in the sixth resonance mode, the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can still be offset, and vertical polarization radiation is directly achieved. In other words, the number of branches 142 will not affect the vertical polarization radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0168] like Fig.40 and Fig.45As shown, between two adjacent branches 142, the first radiator 121 may have a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the first radiator 121 is located at the current reversal point of the first segment. Similarly, the second radiator 122 may also have a slot or a gap, and the slot or the gap of the second radiator 122 is located at the current reversal point of the third segment.

[0169] In the electronic device 10 of the present application, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 have the same shape. Specifically, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 may be annular radiators, for example, may include triangles, circles, squares or other polygons. Fig.40 and Fig.45 As shown, in one embodiment, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 are respectively radiating rings. The at least two branches 142 are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiating rings, and the sizes of the at least two branches 142 are equal. Of course, the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 can also be other shapes.

[0170] Fig.49 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of the antenna structure in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.49 As shown, in another embodiment, taking the first radiator 121 as an example, the first radiator 121 includes at least three radiating branches, one end of each of the radiating branches converges to a point and is connected, the other end extends in a direction away from the point, and the other ends of the radiating branches are arranged along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the angles between any two adjacent radiating branches are equal. Fig.50 for Fig.49 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode. Fig.50 As shown, the current on the first radiator 121 flows from the other end of the radiation branch to the one end, and the current on the second radiator 122 flows from the one end of the radiation branch to the other end. Fig.51 for Fig.49 3D radiation pattern of the antenna structure in the sixth resonance mode, Fig.52 for Fig.49 S11 diagram of the antenna structure in the middle, Fig.53 for Fig.49 Efficiency diagram of the antenna structure in Figure 2. Fig.54 for Fig.49 E-plane radiation pattern of the medium antenna structure, Fig.55 for Fig.49 The H-plane radiation pattern of the antenna structure in Fig. Figure 51 to Figure 55As shown, in the sixth resonance mode, the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 can still be offset, and vertical polarization radiation is directly achieved. Therefore, as long as the current on the first radiator 121 and the current on the second radiator 122 are reversed to achieve the offset of the horizontal polarization current, the shapes of the first radiator 121 and the second radiator 122 will not affect the vertical polarization radiation of the antenna structure 12.

[0171] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing, wherein: The housing includes a metal ring housing extending in an axial direction; The antenna structure includes a circuit board and a first radiation structure arranged on one side of the circuit board; The first radiation structure includes a first radiation ring and a plurality of branches; the axial direction of the first radiation ring is set at an angle with the circuit board, and the axial direction of the first radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the metal ring shell; the plurality of branches are arranged between the first radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the first radiation ring, and electrically connect the first radiation ring and the circuit board; the plurality of branches include a feeding branch and at least two first grounding branches, the feeding branch is electrically connected to the signal layer of the circuit board and is used to feed the first radiation ring, and the at least two first grounding branches are electrically connected to the grounding layer of the circuit board and are used for grounding; Any two adjacent branches divide the first radiation loop into a first segment and a second segment, and the length of the second segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop is greater than the length of the first segment along the circumferential direction of the first radiation loop; the first radiation structure includes a plurality of first antenna substructures, and the plurality of first antenna substructures are used to generate a first resonance; each of the first antenna substructures includes two adjacent branches, and the first segment of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiation ring is at a first distance from the circuit board; on the side of the circuit board facing the first radiation structure, the end of the metal ring shell away from the circuit board has a second distance from the circuit board, the second distance is greater than the first distance, and the second distance is less than or equal to 0.22λ, wherein λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the first resonance.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first radiation ring includes a plurality of first segments, and the lengths of the plurality of first segments along the circumferential direction of the first radiation ring are all equal, and the sizes of the plurality of branches are equal.

4. The electronic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the first segment is d1, the lengths of the two adjacent branches are d2 and d3 respectively, and the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is within the range of (0.5±0.125)λ.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The current distribution of the first radiation structure generating the first resonance includes a first unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent branches and a first reverse current distribution on the first section of the first radiation loop located between the two adjacent branches, and the first reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

6. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first radiation ring has a groove or a gap between two adjacent branches, and the groove or the gap is located in the middle area of ​​the first section.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The first radiation ring is used to generate a second resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance; The current distribution of the first radiation ring generating the second resonance includes a second reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, and the second reverse current distribution has two current reverse points.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first radiation loop is further used to generate a third resonance, and the frequency of the resonance point of the third resonance is higher than the frequency of the resonance point of the second resonance; The current distribution of the first radiation ring generating the third resonance includes a third reverse current distribution on the first radiation ring, and the third reverse current distribution has four current reverse points.

9. The electronic device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The antenna structure further includes a second radiation structure, which includes a second radiation ring and at least two second ground branches; the axial direction of the second radiation ring is parallel to the axial direction of the first radiation ring, and the minimum inner diameter of the second radiation ring is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the first radiation ring; the at least two second ground branches are arranged between the second radiation ring and the circuit board along the circumference of the second radiation ring, and electrically connect the second radiation ring and the circuit board; Any two adjacent second grounding branches divide the second radiation ring into a third section and a fourth section, and the length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring is greater than the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring; The second radiation structure includes a plurality of second antenna substructures, and the plurality of second antenna substructures are used to generate a fourth resonance; each of the second antenna substructures includes two adjacent second ground branches and the third section of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second radiation ring includes a plurality of the third segments, and the lengths of the third segments along the circumferential direction of the second radiation ring are all equal, and the sizes of the at least two second ground branches are equal.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The current distribution generated by the second radiation structure for generating the fourth resonance includes a second unidirectional current distribution on two adjacent second ground branches, and a fourth reverse current distribution on the third segment of the second radiation loop located between the two adjacent second ground branches, and the fourth reverse current distribution has a current reversal point.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The second radiation ring is at a third distance from the circuit board, and the third distance is greater than zero and less than the first distance.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the metal ring shell, there is a fourth distance between the first radiation ring and the metal ring shell, and the fourth distance is greater than or equal to 0.024λ.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and an antenna structure, wherein the antenna structure is located in the housing, wherein: The antenna structure comprises a first radiator, a second radiator and at least two branches; the first radiator and the second radiator are identical and symmetrically arranged; the at least two branches are connected between the first radiator and the second radiator; The antenna structure further includes a feeding point; the feeding point is located at one of the at least two branches, or the feeding point is located at the first radiator and is arranged close to one of the at least two branches; Any two adjacent branches of the at least two branches divide the first radiator into a first section and a second section, and divide the second radiator into a third section and a fourth section; the length of the second section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first section along the circumferential direction of the first radiator; the length of the fourth section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the third section along the circumferential direction of the second radiator; The antenna structure includes a plurality of antenna substructures, and the plurality of antenna substructures are used to generate a sixth resonance; each of the antenna substructures includes any two adjacent branches, and the first segment and the third segment located between the any two adjacent branches.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device is an in-vehicle infotainment system, and the electronic device is installed in the vehicle; or, the electronic device is a vehicle key.

16. The electronic device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: In each of the antenna substructures, the length of the first segment, the length of the third segment, and the sum of the lengths of the two branches are within the range of (0.8±0.25)λ, where λ is the free space wavelength corresponding to the resonance point frequency of the sixth resonance.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The first radiator and the second radiator are respectively radiating rings; the at least two branches are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the radiating rings, and the at least two branches are equal in size.

18. The electronic device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The length of each of the branches is greater than the length of the first segment; or, the length of each of the branches is less than the length of the first segment.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that: The current distribution of the antenna structure that generates the sixth resonance includes a first forward current distribution on any two adjacent branches, a first reverse current distribution on the first segment, and a second reverse current distribution on the third segment, and the first reverse current distribution and the second reverse current distribution each have a current reversal point.

20. The electronic device according to claim 19, characterized in that The first radiator has a slot or a slit, and the slot or the slit of the first radiator is located at a current reversal point of the first segment; and / or The second radiator has a slot or a slit, and the slot or the slit of the second radiator is located at a current reversal point of the third segment.

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