Feed horn for radio astronomy

Abstract

The application discloses a feed horn for radio astronomy, which comprises a first ridge and a second ridge, the first ridge and the second ridge are cross arranged; a reflection plate is arranged at the bottom of the first ridge and the second ridge, used for positioning the first ridge and the second ridge, and reflecting back radiation; a loading medium rod is arranged at the center upper part of the cross of the first ridge and the second ridge; a support plate is arranged at the top of the first ridge and the second ridge, used for mounting the loading medium rod, and further fixing the first ridge and the second ridge. The matching structure of the specially designed ridge, the reflection plate, the loading medium rod and the support plate makes the feed horn realize higher performance in a wider frequency band. The coaxial feed is adopted, which has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small size, light weight and easy impedance matching, and meets the needs of wide frequency band radio astronomy scientific observation of 2-16GHz.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radio astronomy, and particularly relates to a feed horn for radio astronomy. BACKGROUND

[0002] In radio astronomy, the 2-16GHz frequency band is of great significance. This frequency band covers the radio wave bands of five key astronomical radio sources, such as pulsars, interstellar molecular lines and galaxy nuclei, and is an important means to study the interstellar medium and galaxy structure. Compared with lower frequency bands, the 2-16GHz frequency band is less affected by ground radio interference, which is conducive to obtaining clearer astronomical signals.

[0003] As the core component of the receiver in a radio telescope system, the performance of the feed horn will directly affect the performance indicators such as the working frequency band, aperture efficiency, leakage efficiency, cross polarization, beam width and side lobe level.

[0004] The traditional feed horn has a narrow frequency band coverage. When wide-band coverage is required for astronomical observation, multiple feed horns with different frequency bands need to be equipped, and a complex feed switching system and feed network need to be used to achieve the wide-band coverage, which greatly increases the operating cost of the radio telescope.

[0005] In addition, the overall size of the traditional feed horn is relatively large, which will cause a large aperture blockage to the reflector. Aperture blockage refers to the fact that part of the antenna aperture of the radio telescope is blocked by an object, structure or other obstacles, thereby reducing the received radio signals and causing the antenna efficiency to decrease. In addition, in space applications, the feed horn needs to be miniaturized and lightened as much as possible to meet the limited load capacity of the space launcher. Therefore, miniaturization is crucial to improving the antenna sensitivity and performance and realizing space applications when designing the feed horn.

[0006] Therefore, how to make the feed horn achieve higher performance and smaller size in a wider frequency band is a difficult problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is how to make the feed horn achieve higher performance and smaller size in a wider frequency band.

[0008] To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present application provide a feed horn for radio astronomy, comprising:

[0009] A first ridge plate and a second ridge plate are arranged in a cross shape.

[0010] A reflection plate is arranged at the bottom of the first ridge plate and the second ridge plate, and is used for positioning the first ridge plate and the second ridge plate and reflecting back radiation.

[0011] a loading medium rod arranged at the upper center of the intersection of the first ridge and the second ridge;

[0012] a support plate arranged at the top of the first ridge and the second ridge for mounting the loading medium rod and further fixing the first ridge and the second ridge.

[0013] Preferably, coaxial feeding connection structures are arranged on the first ridge and the second ridge.

[0014] Preferably, the first ridge and the second ridge are arranged in a cross shape from the center and are perpendicular to each other to form a cross-shaped ridge structure.

[0015] Preferably, the first ridge and the second ridge each include a main body, an upper section of the main body is provided with two symmetrically arranged spline curve radiation surfaces, a gap is arranged between the two spline curve radiation surfaces, a straight groove is formed along the lower end of the two spline curve radiation surfaces and extends downward, and the straight groove is in communication with a circular reflection cavity below.

[0016] A probe slot for mounting a probe is arranged on one side of the main body, and the probe slot extends from the side wall of the main body to the straight groove.

[0017] Further, a probe extension slot is arranged on the main body, and the probe extension slot and the probe slot are coaxially arranged on both sides of the straight groove.

[0018] The probe extension slot is configured such that, after the probe is inserted into the probe slot, the distal end of the probe passes through the straight groove and is inserted into the probe extension slot.

[0019] Preferably, a first groove is arranged at the bottom of the first ridge, and a second groove is formed by extending the circular reflection cavity of the second ridge downward.

[0020] During assembly, the first ridge is inserted downward along the gap between the two spline curve radiation surfaces of the second ridge, passes through the straight groove, the circular reflection cavity and the second groove, and is finally clamped on the bottom of the second ridge by the first groove.

[0021] Preferably, a protrusion is arranged at the bottom of the main body, a positioning groove matching the protrusion at the bottom of the first ridge and the second ridge is arranged on the reflection plate, and the first ridge and the second ridge are clamped and positioned by the protrusion and the positioning groove on the reflection plate.

[0022] Preferably, the reflection plate is further fixedly connected with the first ridge and the second ridge by a right-angle reinforcing rib.

[0023] Preferably, a hole is arranged at the center of the reflection plate.

[0024] Preferably, the support plate is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the top of the first and second ridge pieces.

[0025] Preferably, the support plate is provided with a plurality of holes for inhibiting the influence of the support plate on the directivity of the feed source.

[0026] Preferably, the loading medium rod comprises:

[0027] a loading medium rod body designed in a spline curve;

[0028] a limiting disc provided on the top of the loading medium rod body for limiting connection of the loading medium rod and the support plate;

[0029] an insertion section provided on the lower part of the loading medium rod body, configured to be inserted into the straight groove and above the probe groove.

[0030] Preferably, the first and second ridge pieces and the reflecting plate are made of aluminum alloy, the support plate is made of acrylic plate, and the loading medium rod is made of PEEK900 material.

[0031] The one or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0032] 1. The present embodiment provides an ultra-wideband miniaturized feed horn for radio astronomy, which realizes higher performance in a wider frequency band through the matching structure of specially designed ridge pieces, reflecting plates, loading medium rods and support plates. It can be applied to a wide frequency band of 2-16 GHz, the two-port reflection coefficients are less than -10 dB in the working frequency band range, the two-port isolation is better than -50 dB, the average aperture efficiency of the full frequency band is about 48%, and the requirements of radio astronomy scientific observation are met.

[0033] 2. The feed horn provided in the present embodiment simplifies the impedance matching method, adopts coaxial feeding, can simultaneously meet the length and width restrictions of the linear slot under the best radiation performance of the small-size high-frequency feed source, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small size and light weight, and is easy to realize impedance matching.

[0034] 3. The feed horn provided in the present embodiment specially designs the ridge piece structure, adopts a Spline spline curve for the radiation curve, the spline curve is more convenient for optimization simulation, can accurately control the required point change, realizes a complex model, shortens the simulation design time, and improves the working performance of the feed horn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0036] Figure 1 The overall structure of the feed horn for radio astronomy provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0037] Figure 2 The exploded view of the feed horn for radio astronomy provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0038] Figure 3 The structure of the first ridge provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0039] Figure 4 The structure of the second ridge provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0040] Figure 5 The specific structure of the reflecting plate provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0041] Figure 6 The specific structure of the supporting plate provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0042] Figure 7 The specific structure of the medium rod provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0043] Figure 8 The cross-sectional view of the feed horn for radio astronomy provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0044] Figure 9 The enlarged view of the cross-sectional view of the feed horn for radio astronomy provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0045] Figure 10 The orthogonal view of the feed probe provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0046] Figure 11 The S parameter simulation result of the feed horn provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0047] Figure 12 The pattern simulation result of the feed horn provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0048] Figure 13 The simulation aperture efficiency simulation result of the feed horn provided in the embodiments of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0049] The above-described drawings have shown the specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] For better understanding of the above technical solutions, hereinafter exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, which are shown in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, related to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] Figure 1 and Figure 2 are respectively the overall structural schematic diagram and the exploded view of the feed horn for radio astronomy provided in the embodiments of the present application, the feed horn for radio astronomy comprises:

[0052] a first ridge sheet 1 and a second ridge sheet 2, the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2 are cross arranged;

[0053] a reflecting plate 3 arranged at the bottom of the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2 for positioning the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2 while reflecting back radiation;

[0054] a loading medium rod 5 arranged at the center upper part of the intersection of the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2;

[0055] a support plate 4 arranged at the top of the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2 for mounting the loading medium rod 5 while further fixing the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2.

[0056] Further, the first ridge sheet 1 and the second ridge sheet 2 are arranged in a cross orthogonal vertical manner from the center to form an orthogonal cross ridge structure.

[0057] As shown in Figure 3 the first ridge sheet 1 specifically comprises a main body 10, two symmetrically arranged spline curve radiation surfaces 11 are arranged at the middle upper section of the main body 10, a gap is arranged between the two spline curve radiation surfaces 11, a straight groove 12 is formed by extending straight downward along the lower end of the two spline curve radiation surfaces 11, and a circular reflecting cavity 13 is communicated below the straight groove 12; a transition straight line section 14 is formed by extending straight to both sides along the upper end of the two spline curve radiation surfaces 11, and a vertical side wall 15 is connected at the end of the transition straight line section 14.

[0058] A probe groove 16 is arranged at one side of the main body 10 for mounting a probe 6. The probe groove 16 extends from the side wall of the main body 10 to the straight groove 12, and the probe groove 16 and the straight groove 12 are perpendicular and cross.

[0059] To ensure the stable connection of the probe 6 and the ridge piece, the main body 10 is further provided with a probe extension groove 161 for fixing the end of the probe 6. The probe extension groove 161 is coaxially arranged with the probe groove 16 and penetrates the straight groove 12. The probe extension groove 161 and the probe groove 16 are respectively located on the two sides of the straight groove 12. After the probe 6 is inserted into the probe groove 16, the end penetrates the straight groove 12 and is inserted into the probe extension groove 161.

[0060] The bottom of the main body 10 is provided with a protrusion 17 for positioning and clamping with the reflecting plate 3. The center of the protrusion 17 is provided with a first groove 18 for clamping with the second ridge piece.

[0061] Specifically, the spline curve radiation surface 11 is composed of a series of point values determined by the spline curve algorithm, which are listed in detail in Table 1 for forming a smooth and specific curvature radiation surface.

[0062] Table 1 Spline point values

[0063]

[0064] Further, unlike the common rectangular, conical, and stepped reflecting cavity of the four-ridge feed horn, the embodiment adopts a larger circular reflecting cavity 13 with a diameter of about one-eighth of the longest wavelength. By adopting a large-diameter circular reflecting cavity, the back radiation can be effectively reduced, the feed source can exhibit relatively stable reflection characteristics in a wider frequency range, and relatively good performance can be maintained at low frequencies.

[0065] Further, the coaxial feed connection structure 7 is arranged at the probe groove 16 of the main body 10. In use, the probe 6 is inserted into the probe groove 16 and connected with the coaxial feed connection structure 7 through the mounting seat 8.

[0066] The second ridge piece 2 has substantially the same structure as the first ridge piece 1, and the difference is that the protrusion at the bottom of the main body is not provided with a groove, but a second groove 28 is formed downward at the center of the bottom of the circular reflecting cavity, as shown in Figure 4

[0067] In assembly, the first ridge piece 1 is inserted downward along the gap between the two spline curve radiation surfaces of the second ridge piece 2, penetrates the straight groove, the circular reflecting cavity, and the second groove 28, and is clamped on the protrusion at the bottom of the second ridge piece 2 through the first groove 18.

[0068] After assembly, the first ridge piece 1 and the second ridge piece 2 are at the same height. At this time, the first ridge piece 1 and the second ridge piece 2 are completely the same in structure except for the position offset in the radiation direction at the feed position.

[0069] The specific structure of the reflecting plate 3 is shown in Figure 5 ​As shown, the reflector plate 3 is provided with two positioning grooves 31 that match the protrusions at the bottom of the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2 respectively. The center of the intersection of the two positioning grooves 31 forms a center hole 32.

[0070] After the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2 are assembled, the protrusions at the bottom are just clamped in the positioning grooves 31, forming an accurate and stable connection to ensure that the assembly error is controlled within the tolerance range, avoiding any performance deterioration.

[0071] The center hole 32 has the following effects: 1. Reducing the shielding of the reflector plate to the main beam of the antenna, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna and reducing signal loss; 2. Optimizing the reflection characteristics of the reflector plate, reducing back radiation, reducing reflection loss, and improving the gain of the antenna; 3. Reducing the overall weight of the device, achieving lightweight design; 4. In high-power applications, it can help with heat dissipation and prevent the performance of the feed horn from being affected by overheating.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, a right-angle reinforcing rib 9 is also provided between the reflector plate 3 and the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2. The right-angle reinforcing rib 9 is connected to the reflector plate 3 and the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2 by bolts, and the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2 are provided with first bolt holes 19 for connecting to one right-angle surface of the reinforcing rib 9, and the reflector plate 3 is provided with second bolt holes 33 for connecting to the other right-angle surface of the reinforcing rib 9.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the reflector plate 3 is circular.

[0074] In this embodiment, the reflector plate 3 has two major functions:

[0075] 1. Positioning function. The reflector plate 3 can ensure the correct position and structural stability of the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2, which is crucial for maintaining the accuracy and functionality of the antenna design.

[0076] 2. Reflection function. The reflector plate 3 can reflect back radiation, which refers to electromagnetic waves that are not directed in the main radiation direction of the antenna. If this part of energy is not effectively managed, it can have a negative impact on the performance of the antenna. By reflecting those electromagnetic waves that are not radiated in the intended direction back through the reflector plate 3, energy waste can be reduced and the efficiency of the antenna can be improved.

[0077] In this embodiment, the materials of the reflector plate 3 and the first ridge 1 and the second ridge 2 can be selected from high-conductivity, high-strength, lightweight materials such as aluminum alloy (AL6061-T6), which has the characteristics of high conductivity, high strength, lightweight, and low price, fully meeting the dual requirements of high performance and low cost.

[0078] The specific structure of the support plate 5 is as follows Figure 6As shown, the support plate 5 is provided with four clamping grooves 51 for clamping the top of the spline curve radiation surface 11 on the first and second ridge plates 1 and 2.

[0079] The support plate 5 is centrally provided with a medium rod mounting hole 52 for mounting the loading medium rod 4. The medium rod mounting hole 52 is a stepped hole with a large diameter in the upper section and a small diameter in the lower section.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the support plate 5 is square, and the four clamping grooves 51 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the diagonal lines of the square, and the medium rod mounting hole 52 is arranged at the center of the square.

[0081] In order to prevent the support plate from adversely affecting the radiation performance of the feed source, the support plate 5 is made of acrylic plate with moderate mechanical strength and good compression and tensile strength. The acrylic plate is an electrical insulator with a low dielectric constant (about 2.5-3.0), which can effectively avoid changing the directional diagram and reflection coefficient of the feed source in the radiation direction.

[0082] In addition, in order to further suppress the influence of the support plate 5 on the directivity of the feed source, a plurality of holes 53 are uniformly arranged on the support plate 5 to reduce the average dielectric constant of the whole, so that the adverse effect can be further reduced.

[0083] The structure of the loading medium rod 4 is shown in Figure 7 , which includes a loading medium rod body 41, a limiting disc 42 and an insertion section 43.

[0084] The outer surface of the loading medium rod body 41 is also designed with a spline curve.

[0085] The loading medium rod body 41 has a protruding limiting disc 42 at the top, and the diameter of the limiting disc 42 is larger than that of the loading medium rod body 41. The diameter of the loading medium rod body 41 matches that of the lower section of the medium rod mounting hole 52, and the diameter of the limiting disc 42 matches that of the upper section of the medium rod mounting hole 52, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , which are both D die When the loading medium rod 4 is inserted from the medium rod mounting hole 52 at the center of the support plate 5, the loading medium rod body 41 can pass through the lower section of the medium rod mounting hole 52, and the limiting disc 42 is clamped in the upper section of the medium rod mounting hole 52, realizing the limiting installation of the loading medium rod 4, as shown in Figure 8 .

[0086] Further, the limiting disc 42 and the support plate 5 are fixed by glue to strengthen the firmness of the installation of the loading medium rod 4.

[0087] The bottom of the loading medium rod body 41 is provided with an insertion section 43, which is cylindrical and has a smaller diameter than the loading medium rod body 41. When the loading medium rod 4 is installed, that is, when the loading medium rod 4 is inserted into the centers of the first ridge plate 1 and the second ridge plate 2 and the limiting disc 42 is clamped on the support plate 5, the insertion section 43 is inserted into the straight groove 12 and located above the probe groove 16, as shown in Figure 8 .

[0088] Compared with air, the medium material has a higher dielectric constant. In this embodiment, the loading medium rod 4 is made of PEEK900 material, and the dielectric constant is 3.0-3.2. The loading medium rod 4 changes the field distribution of the original antenna, thereby optimizing the directivity diagram of the entire feed source and making it have more excellent directivity and improving its aperture efficiency.

[0089] The simulation optimization result shows that the thinner the ridge plate thickness is, the better the overall performance of the feed source is. However, in order to consider the feasibility of processing the coaxial feed hole position, the simulation optimization verification is performed, and finally the ridge plate thickness of 1.6 mm is selected, which can realize the best radiation performance under the condition of meeting the factory process limitation.

[0090] In combination Figure 9 , in order to realize 50Ω impedance matching, this embodiment adopts a coaxial feeding mode with a probe 6 (inner conductor) diameter d T of 0.23 mm and a probe groove 16 (air column) diameter d A of 0.53 mm. This feeding mode is widely used in broadband antenna design, such as horn antenna and microstrip antenna, due to its simple structure, low cost and easy matching.

[0091] The probe extension groove 161 has a diameter d pin of 0.24 mm, which is slightly larger than the inner conductor diameter. The two coaxial probes 6 on the first ridge plate 1 and the second ridge plate 2 are placed orthogonally, as shown in Figure 10 . Due to actual assembly reasons, the two probes cannot be in the same position. Through simulation, in order to realize better isolation while ensuring that the standing wave ratios of the two ports are equivalent, the optimal design value of the distance s between the two probes is 0.62 mm, as shown in Figure 9 .

[0092] Considering the working frequency band, reflection coefficient, antenna gain and beam width, the size parameters of the feed source horn designed in this embodiment are shown in Table 2.

[0093] Table 2 Size parameter values of the feed source horn

[0094]

[0095] Based on the HFSS three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software, the above-mentioned feed source horn is simulated, and the specific results are as follows:

[0096] Figure 11 For the S parameter simulation results of the feed horn, the horizontal axis Frequency represents frequency, and the vertical axis S Parameter represents S parameter. In the frequency band range of 2.6-16 GHz, the reflection coefficients S11 and S22 of the two ports of the feed horn obtained by simulation are all less than-10 dB; in the frequency band range of 2-2.6 GHz, the simulation reflection coefficients are all less than-7 dB. The isolation degrees S12 and S21 of the two ports of the feed horn are all better than-50 dB in the working frequency band range of 2-16 GHz, and are all better than-45 dB in the range of 1-20 GHz.

[0097] Figure 12 For the pattern simulation results of the feed horn, (a) (b) (c) are the results of 2 GHz / 9 GHz / 16 GHz respectively. The horizontal axis θ represents angle, and the vertical axis Normalized Gain represents normalized gain. The solid line is co-polarization Co-pol, and the dashed line is cross-polarization Cross-pol. The beam width of each frequency point is wide, and the half opening angle is about 90 degrees or so, which is suitable for being used as a feed of a reflector with a small focal diameter, i.e. is suitable for a deep reflector.

[0098] Aperture efficiency η A The calculation formula is:

[0099]

[0100] A phys = πR 2

[0101] wherein A eff and A phys are effective aperture and physical aperture respectively, λ is wavelength, G is gain, and R is reflector radius.

[0102] To confirm the influence of the focal diameter ratio on the aperture efficiency of the feed horn designed in the embodiment, the aperture efficiency of each frequency point under different focal diameter ratios is calculated using the above formula, and the calculation results are shown in FIG. 6, wherein the horizontal axis Frequency represents frequency, and the vertical axis Simulated aperture efficiency represents simulated aperture efficiency. Figure 13

[0103] ​It is found that the smaller the focal ratio, the higher the low-frequency aperture efficiency, while the high-frequency aperture efficiency is poor; on the contrary, the larger the focal ratio, the higher the high-frequency aperture efficiency, while the low-frequency aperture efficiency is poor. Through analysis, the reason for this result is that the low-frequency half-angle is wide and the high-frequency half-angle is narrow, so the deeper the reflecting surface, that is, the smaller the focal ratio, the more excellent the low-frequency aperture efficiency, and the high-frequency is the opposite. In order to achieve relatively stable aperture efficiency in the full frequency band, the most suitable focal ratio value is f / D=0.30, and the average aperture efficiency of the full frequency band is about 48% at this time.

[0104] The embodiment provides a super-wideband miniaturized feed horn for radio astronomy, and through the matching structure of specially designed ridges, reflecting plates, loaded medium rods and support plates, the feed horn realizes higher performance in a wider frequency band. It can be applied to a wide frequency band of 2-16GHz, the two-port reflection coefficients are less than-10dB in the working frequency band range, the two-port isolation is better than-50dB, the average aperture efficiency of the full frequency band is about 48%, and the scientific observation requirements of radio astronomy are met, especially the observation of radio wave bands of five key astronomical radio sources such as L / S / C / X / Ku, such as pulsars, interstellar molecular lines and galaxy nuclei.

[0105] The feed horn provided by the embodiment simplifies the impedance matching mode, adopts coaxial feeding, can meet the length-width limitation of a linear slot under the condition of optimal radiation performance of a small-size high-frequency feed, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small size and light weight, and has the advantages of miniaturization, light weight and easy realization of impedance matching.

[0106] The feed horn provided by the embodiment specially designs the ridge structure, adopts a Spline spline curve for a radiation curve, the spline curve is more convenient for optimization simulation, can accurately control the change of required point positions, realizes a complex model, and shortens the simulation design time.

[0107] It should be understood that although the quantity terms "first", "second" and the like can be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the example embodiments, a first element can be referred to as a second element, and similarly a second element can be referred to as a first element.

[0108] In this specification, the orientation terms mentioned or possibly mentioned, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, bottom and the like, are defined with respect to the structure shown in the drawings, and they are relative concepts, so they can change accordingly according to different positions and different use states. Therefore, these or other orientation terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0109] In the description of the application, it is necessary to point out that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "linking" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements, or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0110] In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device containing a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0111] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, not any form and substantial limitation of the present application, it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the method of the present application, a number of improvements and supplements can also be made, these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, some changes, modifications and equivalent changes made by using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present application; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above-mentioned embodiments according to the essential technology of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A feed horn for radio astronomy, characterized in that: include: A first ridge and a second ridge, wherein the first ridge and the second ridge are arranged crosswise; the first ridge and the second ridge each include a main body, wherein the middle upper portion of the main body is provided with two symmetrically arranged spline curve radiating surfaces, a gap is provided between the two spline curve radiating surfaces, and a straight groove is formed by extending downward along the lower ends of the two spline curve radiating surfaces, wherein the lower portion of the straight groove is connected to the circular reflective cavity; A reflector is provided at the bottom of the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece; the reflector is provided with a positioning groove and a hole in the center of the reflector for positioning the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece and reflecting back radiation; A loading medium rod is provided at the upper center portion of the intersection of the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece; The support plate is provided on top of the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece, and is used for mounting the loading medium rod and further fixing the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece.

2. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 1, wherein: The first ridge piece and the second ridge piece are both provided with a coaxial feeding connection structure; and / or The first ridge piece and the second ridge piece are arranged perpendicularly and orthogonally in a cross shape from the center to form an orthogonal cross ridge structure.

3. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A probe groove for installing a probe is provided on one side of the main body, and the probe groove extends from the side wall of the main body to the straight groove.

4. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 3, wherein: The main body is further provided with a probe extension groove, wherein the probe extension groove and the probe groove are respectively located on both sides of the straight groove and are coaxially arranged; The probe extension slot is configured such that after the probe is inserted into the probe slot, the end of the probe passes through the straight slot and is inserted into the probe extension slot.

5. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 3, wherein: A first groove is provided at the bottom of the first ridge piece, and a second groove is formed by extending the bottom of the circular reflective cavity of the second ridge piece downward; During assembly, the first ridge piece is inserted downward along the gap between the two spline curve radiating surfaces on the second ridge piece, passing through the straight groove, the circular reflective cavity and the second groove until the first groove is snapped onto the bottom of the second ridge piece.

6. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 3, wherein: The bottom of the main body is provided with a protrusion; the reflector is provided with a positioning groove that matches the protrusions on the bottom of the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece respectively; the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece are positioned and clamped with the positioning grooves on the reflector through the protrusion; and / or The reflective plate is fixedly connected to the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece via right-angle reinforcing ribs.

7. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 1, wherein: The support plate is provided with a slot for engaging with the top of the first ridge piece and the second ridge piece, and the center of the support plate is provided with a dielectric rod mounting hole for mounting the loading dielectric rod; and / or The support plate is provided with a plurality of holes for suppressing the influence of the support plate on the directivity of the feed source.

8. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 3, wherein: The loading medium rod comprises: A loading medium rod body, wherein the loading medium rod body is designed with a spline curve; A limiting plate is provided on the top of the loading medium rod body, and is used to realize the limiting connection between the loading medium rod and the support plate; The insertion section is provided at the lower part of the loading medium rod body; the insertion section is configured to be inserted into the straight groove and located above the probe groove.

9. The radio astronomy feed horn according to claim 1, wherein: The first ridge piece, the second ridge piece and the reflector are all made of aluminum alloy material, the support plate is made of acrylic plate, and the loading medium rod is made of PEEK900 material.

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