Oil spill monitoring system and method capable of automatically adjusting light source angle

Abstract

The invention provides an oil spill monitoring system and method capable of automatically adjusting the angle of a light source. The oil spill monitoring system comprises an MCU controller, an ultraviolet light source arranged on the bottom surface of the oil spill monitoring equipment, a light source adjusting mechanism, two groups of fluorescence sensors, a distance sensor and an illumination intensity sensor, the illumination intensity sensor is located between the two fluorescence sensors, and the distance sensor is arranged between the two fluorescence sensors. The distance sensor is located between the light source and the illumination intensity sensor; the light source adjusting mechanism comprises a motor and a transmission mechanism, and the motor is connected with a lamp holder of the ultraviolet light source through the transmission mechanism and controls the ultraviolet light source to rotate; the MCU controller controls the motor and the light source, and in the monitoring process, the motor controls the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source to reach the deflection angle alpha. According to the invention, the illumination intensity is effectively utilized, so that the photoelectric sensor obtains the maximum illumination intensity; the light-emitting ultraviolet LED can be automatically adjusted according to the distance to the water surface, and the oil spilling condition on the water surface can be monitored more accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water surface oil spill monitoring, and in particular relates to an oil spill monitoring system and method which can automatically adjust the light source angle based on fluorescence excitation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid advancement of global industrialization, people's demand for petroleum energy is increasing day by day. Deep-sea oil extraction and offshore oil transportation activities have increased dramatically, resulting in frequent oil spills, which have seriously endangered the living environment of marine life and had a profound impact on the marine ecology and coastal production and life. In accordance with the technical requirements for the prevention and control of water environmental risks, petrochemical companies are required to install oil spill monitoring devices at rainwater outlets, oil terminals, and other areas where oil spills may occur for real-time oil spill monitoring and alarm. Terminals and loading and unloading stations should install monitoring and alarm devices for leaks of oil products and other bulk liquid hazardous cargoes on water as required, focusing on small-scale monitoring to promptly detect small oil spills and issue alarms.

[0003] Existing oil spill monitoring devices are primarily categorized by monitoring mechanism, including gas monitoring, visible light, infrared photometry, ultraviolet photometry, microwave radiometry, electromagnetic energy absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Prior art methods often rely on the principle of ultraviolet-induced oil fluorescence for oil spill monitoring. These methods employ ultraviolet lasers, pulsed xenon lamps, or LEDs as excitation light sources, photodetectors for signal acquisition, and threshold determination of signal intensity to determine if an oil spill has occurred. Fluorescence technology for oil spill monitoring relies on a light source emitting light onto the water surface through a transmitting optical path. This excites the oil present on the surface, generating fluorescence that travels along a receiving optical path to the monitoring device, which then processes the received light and determines whether an oil spill has occurred.

[0004] Currently, there are two main types of optical paths for fluorescence technology oil spill monitoring devices on the market. One relies on a secondary mirror, directly integrating the transmitting and receiving optical paths. This product requires a convex mirror at the front end for focusing, sacrificing the monitoring area while ensuring light intensity and equipment sensitivity. The other type separates the transmitting and receiving optical paths, with the two optical paths randomly distributed. Although this ensures an effective monitoring area, it is impossible to adjust the light source's emission angle, and the effective illumination of the light source cannot change with distance. However, in oil spill monitoring environments, when the monitoring distance often changes due to changes in the external environment, the monitoring signal intensity will change significantly. The light source constantly illuminates the effective monitoring position, resulting in the inability to maximize the current state of the light source illumination. Therefore, it cannot adapt to changes in the detection distance and is not well suited for monitoring locations with complex monitoring environments and variable detection distances.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide an oil spill monitoring device based on fluorescence excitation and automatically adjusting the light source angle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the current situation in which the light source cannot change its angle in fluorescence technology used in oil spill monitoring, resulting in the inability to maximize the use of the light source's illumination, the present invention provides an oil spill monitoring system and method that automatically adjusts the light source's angle according to the light intensity. Through acquisition and adjustment, combined with a feedback system and algorithm, the system allows the emitted light from the light source to illuminate the bottom of the sensor in real time, making full use of the light, converting diffuse reflection on the liquid surface into directional reflection, and making more full use of the emitted light. At the same power, the sensitivity of the monitoring device is improved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides an oil spill monitoring system with automatic adjustment of light source angle, the oil spill monitoring system comprising an ultraviolet light source, a light source adjustment mechanism, a fluorescence sensor, a distance sensor, and a light intensity sensor arranged on the bottom surface of the oil spill monitoring equipment. The fluorescence sensors are provided in two groups, the light intensity sensor is located between the two fluorescence sensors, and the distance sensor is located between the ultraviolet light source and the light intensity sensor.

[0008] The light source adjustment mechanism includes a motor and a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism includes a main drive gear mounted on the output shaft of the motor, a transmission gear meshing with the main drive gear, and a first transmission wheel mounted on the light source lamp holder, a second transmission wheel coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission gear, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by a transmission belt;

[0009] The oil spill monitoring system also includes an MCU controller. The signal output ends of the distance sensor, fluorescence sensor and light intensity sensor are all connected to the signal input end of the MCU controller. The signal output end of the MCU controller is connected to the control end of the motor and the light source.

[0010] A better technical solution of the present invention is: the light source and the two fluorescence sensors are distributed in an isosceles triangle, the light intensity sensor is located on the midline of the two fluorescence sensors, and the light intensity sensor and the two fluorescence sensors are on the same straight line; the distance sensor, light intensity sensor and light source are on a straight line, and the distance sensor is located at the midpoint.

[0011] A better technical solution of the present invention: the oil spill monitoring system also includes a limit switch, the ultraviolet light source is outer-coated with a fixed shell, and the ultraviolet light source lamp holder is rotatably installed in the fixed shell, and the ultraviolet light source can rotate in the fixed shell; the limit switch is provided with two groups, which are symmetrically installed on the inner wall of the fixed shell on both sides of the ultraviolet light source, and the signal output ends of the limit switches are connected to the signal input ends of the MCU controller for limiting the rotation of the light source.

[0012] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the ultraviolet light source adopts an LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 300nm.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the distance sensor is an infrared distance test sensor, which emits infrared light to the liquid surface and automatically calculates the output distance based on the propagation speed of the light in the air and the reception time.

[0014] The present invention also provides an oil spill monitoring method for automatically adjusting the light source angle. The method uses the above-mentioned oil spill monitoring system for automatically adjusting the light source angle to perform monitoring. The specific steps are as follows:

[0015] S1. Install the UV light source, fluorescence sensor, distance sensor, and light intensity sensor on the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment, ensuring that the above components are on the same plane, the two fluorescence sensors are symmetrically located, and the plane is parallel to the monitored liquid surface;

[0016] S2. Use a distance sensor to measure the distance between the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface, that is, the distance H1 between the ultraviolet light source and the monitored liquid surface. Then, based on the distance L between the distance sensor and the ultraviolet light source, calculate the deflection angle α of the ultraviolet light source. The calculation process is as follows:

[0017] tanα=L / H1

[0018] α=arctan(L / H1);

[0019] S3. The MCU controller calculates the theoretical optimal deflection angle α of the UV light source according to formula ① in step S2, and drives the stepper motor to rotate so that the emission angle of the UV light source reaches the theoretical optimal deflection angle α. The specific process is to issue a command based on the calculated angle; based on the number of pulses and the corresponding deflection angle, according to the setting of the stepper motor, the single deflection angle is assumed to be β, and the number of pulses is: α / β, which drives the stepper motor to rotate so that the emission angle of the light source reaches the theoretical deflection angle α;

[0020] S4. After adjusting the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet light source generates fluorescence to the water surface, and the fluorescence excited by the ultraviolet light source is received by the fluorescence sensor to monitor the oil spill situation on the water surface; during the monitoring process, the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface is monitored in real time by the distance sensor. When the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface changes, the new theoretical optimal deflection angle α' is calculated according to the above formula ① based on the changed distance H1' between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface. The MCU controller drives the motor to rotate based on the calculated new theoretical optimal deflection angle α', so that the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the deflection angle α'.

[0021] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: in the step S3, when the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the deflection angle α, the ultraviolet light source is turned on, the light source emits light periodically, the real-time light intensity is collected by the light intensity sensor, and the average light intensity at this moment is stored as the original reference data A; then the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate left and right based on the deflection angle α to find a point with greater light intensity, each time rotating at an angle of 0.5°, and the maximum angle of rotation on each side is controlled to be 2-3°; first, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate toward one side based on the deflection angle α, and the light intensity sensor collects real-time light intensity during each rotation and compares it with the original reference data A. When the light intensity is greater than the original reference data A, the light intensity collected at this moment replaces the original reference data A as the new reference data A ， At the same time, the MCU controller records the current deflection angle of the UV light source. If there is no light intensity greater than the original reference data A within this range, the device still uses the original reference data A as the reference data. When the UV light source rotates to 2-3° on one side, it controls the UV light source to return to the original deflection angle α and rotates toward the other side based on the deflection angle α, with increments of 0.5°, using the same method to find the point with greater light intensity. During the left and right rotation process, after finding the point with maximum light intensity, the UV light source is controlled to maintain its position to monitor the oil spill on the water surface.

[0022] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: in the step S3, the ultraviolet light source is limited by a travel switch during its rotation to ensure that the ultraviolet light source does not leave the irradiation range.

[0023] The light source transmission structure of the present invention includes a stepper motor and a multi-stage Nehe gear unit, and a moving gear installed on the base of the LED ultraviolet light source. The single-chip microcomputer MCU emits a PWM wave to drive the stepper motor to rotate, and the motor drives the multi-stage meshing gear unit to start running. The belt drive drives the gears on the LED light source to rotate, thereby making the LED light source rotate within a certain range.

[0024] Features of the present invention:

[0025] (1) The present invention transmits infrared light to the liquid surface through a distance sensor, uses the propagation speed of light in the air and the reception time to determine the distance between the light source and the liquid surface, and then calculates the optimal deflection angle of the light source according to the distance between the light source and the infrared sensor, and then controls the LED ultraviolet light source to deflect to the optimal angle; and during the monitoring process, the distance sensor monitors the distance between the light source and the liquid surface in real time, and when the distance changes, recalculates the new optimal theoretical deflection angle, and adjusts the deflection angle of the LED ultraviolet light source again. The present invention can adjust the luminous intensity of the LED ultraviolet light source in real time according to the distance between the light source and the monitored liquid surface, thereby improving the illumination intensity from the light source aspect.

[0026] (2) After calculating the theoretical optimal deflection angle, the controller of the present invention sends a command to drive the power supply of the LED ultraviolet light source. The LED ultraviolet light source emits light and illuminates the water area below. The light intensity sensor collects the light below the water surface. At the same time, the controller outputs a pulse to drive the motor to pull the light source to fine-tune the rotation left and right. Every time it rotates an angle, the light source emits light once. At the same time, the light intensity sensor collects the real-time light intensity; the control system collects the light intensity data each time and compares it. After finding it, the position information is stored and the above steps are repeated to confirm the position twice for positioning in a smaller range; the real-time maximum light intensity is found, the light intensity is effectively used, and the photoelectric sensor obtains the maximum light intensity.

[0027] (3) The present invention places a limit switch at the relative position of the light source based on the maximum emission angle of the LED ultraviolet light path (the maximum angle appears at the edge of the light path without leaving the monitoring range below), which can control the LED light source to not leave the irradiation range.

[0028] The present invention detects the real-time height through an infrared ranging sensor, thereby obtaining real-time height data. An infrared sensor is used to monitor the distance between the device and the monitoring liquid surface in real time; the luminous intensity of the ultraviolet LED is automatically adjusted based on the distance. The system of the present invention introduces a light acquisition system to collect the light intensity of the liquid surface below the sensor in real time, and automatically adjusts the emission angle of the light source based on the light intensity. Through acquisition and adjustment, combined with a feedback system and algorithm, the emitted light of the light source is illuminated in real time below the sensor, making full use of the light, converting the diffuse reflection on the liquid surface into directional reflection, and making more full use of the emitted light. At the same power, the sensitivity of the monitoring device is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distribution of light sources and sensors in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light source transmission structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of deflection angle calculation.

[0032] In the figure: 1 - ultraviolet light source, 2 - fluorescence sensor, 3 - distance sensor, 4 - light intensity sensor, 5 - bottom surface of oil spill monitoring equipment, 6 - motor, 7 - main drive gear, 8 - transmission gear, 9 - light source lamp holder, 10 - first transmission wheel, 11 - second transmission wheel, 12 - transmission belt, 13 - travel open switch, 14 - fixed switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 3The accompanying drawings are simplified versions of the embodiments and are only used to clearly and concisely illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the accompanying drawings are specific solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] The first embodiment provides an oil spill monitoring system that automatically adjusts the light source angle. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the oil spill monitoring system includes a UV light source 1, a light source adjustment mechanism, a fluorescence sensor 2, a distance sensor 3, and a light intensity sensor 4, all arranged on the bottom surface 5 of the oil spill monitoring device. Two groups of fluorescence sensors 2 are provided, with the light intensity sensor 4 located between the two fluorescence sensors 2, and the distance sensor 3 located between the UV light source 1 and the light intensity sensor 4. The UV light source 1 and the two fluorescence sensors 2 are arranged in an isosceles triangle, with the light intensity sensor 4 located on the midline between the two fluorescence sensors 2, and the light intensity sensor 4 and the two fluorescence sensors 2 are aligned. The distance sensor 3, light intensity sensor 4, and light source 1 are aligned, with the distance sensor 3 located at the midpoint. The UV light source 1 utilizes a UV LED with a wavelength of 300 nm. The light source adjustment mechanism includes a motor 6 and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism comprises a main drive gear 7 mounted on the output shaft of motor 6, a transmission gear 8 meshing with the main drive gear 7, and a first transmission wheel 10 mounted on a light source lamp holder 9. A second transmission wheel 11 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of transmission gear 8. The first and second transmission wheels 10 and 11 are connected by a transmission belt 12. Motor 6 is a stepper motor connected to a single-chip microcomputer (MCU) via a PWM circuit. The MCU's output controls the PWM pulse output, thereby controlling the step amplitude of the stepper motor's operation and precisely controlling the emission angle of the light source.

[0036] In Example 1, the oil spill monitoring system also includes an MCU controller. The signal outputs of the distance sensor 3, fluorescence sensor 2, and light intensity sensor 4 are all connected to the signal input of the MCU controller, which in turn is connected to the motor 5 and the control terminal of the UV light source 1. The oil spill monitoring system also includes a limit switch 13. The UV light source 1 is enclosed in a fixed housing 14, and the UV light source holder 9 is rotatably mounted within the fixed housing 14, allowing the UV light source 1 to rotate within the fixed housing 14. Two sets of limit switches 13 are provided, symmetrically mounted on the inner wall of the fixed housing 14 on either side of the UV light source 1. The signal outputs of each limit switch 13 are connected to the signal input of the MCU controller to limit the rotation of the UV light source 1. The distance sensor 3 is an infrared distance measurement sensor. It emits infrared light at the liquid surface and automatically calculates the output distance based on the light's propagation speed in air and the reception time. The fixed housing 14 is stationary, and the limit switch 13 is mounted on the housing to act as a limiter, preventing the light source from rotating abnormally due to other reasons and contacting other components or exceeding the monitoring range of the light.

[0037] The MCU controller sends out a PWM wave according to the signal detected by the sensor. The PWM wave is a pulse signal. This pulse signal drives the stepper motor 6 to rotate at a fixed pace and pulls the main drive gear 7 to rotate. The main drive gear 7 engages the transmission gear 8. The second transmission wheel 11 coaxial with the transmission gear 8 is connected to the first transmission wheel 10 on the lamp holder of the ultraviolet light source 1 through a transmission belt 12. The first transmission wheel 10 drives the light source to operate in a small amplitude.

[0038] The specific process of finding the maximum light intensity point of the LED ultraviolet light source in the present invention is as follows: Under the action of the pulse signal of the single-chip microcomputer, the LED ultraviolet light source reaches the theoretical maximum light intensity point. The light intensity sensor 4 collects the light at this moment, assuming the light intensity is 100 lux (lumens, a unit of light intensity); and this value of 100 lux is stored in the memory as a reference value. The single-chip microcomputer generates a PWM wave. Under the operation of the transmission system, the LED light source deflects 0.5° to the left. The light intensity sensor collects the current light intensity of 98 lux. Since 100>98, 98 is discarded. Under the instruction of the single-chip microcomputer, the LED light source continues to deflect to the left by 0.5°. The light intensity sensor collects the current light intensity of the LED light source, which is 108 lux. The single-chip microcomputer compares the current value of 108 with the value in the memory. Since 108>100, the single-chip microcomputer stores 108 lux in the memory instead of 100 lux as the new reference value and records the current deflection angle. The LED continues to move leftward, repeating the above steps twice. The values ​​are collected and determined, ultimately finding 108 as the maximum value. The LED then returns to its theoretical maximum light intensity point, then rotates rightward and repeats the above process, ultimately achieving 108 lux as the maximum light intensity. The microcontroller issues a command to locate the 108 lux light intensity point based on the memory record. It then issues a command to drive the stepper motor using PWM waves, which, through the transmission system, ultimately stops the LED at the 108 lux light intensity point. This completes the search process.

[0039] The second embodiment provides a method for monitoring oil spills by automatically adjusting the light source angle. The method uses the oil spill monitoring system for automatically adjusting the light source angle in the first embodiment for monitoring. The specific steps are as follows:

[0040] S1. Install the UV light source, fluorescence sensor, distance sensor, and light intensity sensor on the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment, ensuring that the above components are on the same plane, the two fluorescence sensors are symmetrically located, and the plane is parallel to the monitored liquid surface;

[0041] S2. Use a distance sensor to measure the distance between the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface, that is, the distance H1 between the ultraviolet light source and the monitored liquid surface. Then, based on the distance L between the distance sensor and the ultraviolet light source, calculate the theoretical optimal deflection angle α of the ultraviolet light source. The calculation process is as follows:

[0042] tanα=L / H1

[0043] α=arctan(L / H1);

[0044] S3. The MCU controller calculates the theoretical optimal deflection angle α of the UV light source according to formula ① in step S2, and drives the stepper motor to rotate so that the emission angle of the UV light source reaches the theoretical optimal deflection angle α. During the rotation of the UV light source, the limit switch is used to limit the position to ensure that the UV light source does not leave the irradiation range. The specific process is to issue a command according to the calculated angle; based on the number of pulses and the corresponding deflection angle, according to the setting of the stepper motor, the single deflection angle is assumed to be β, and the number of pulses is: α / β, and the stepper motor is driven to rotate so that the emission angle of the light source reaches the theoretical deflection angle α.

[0045] S4. When the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the theoretical optimal deflection angle α, the ultraviolet light source is turned on, and the light source emits light periodically. The real-time light intensity is collected by the light intensity sensor, and the average light intensity at this moment is stored as the original reference data A; then the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate left and right based on the deflection angle α to find a point with greater light intensity, rotating at an angle of 0.5° each time, and the maximum angle of rotation on each side is controlled to be 2-3°; first, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate toward one side based on the deflection angle α, and during each rotation, the light intensity sensor collects real-time light intensity and compares it with the original reference data A. When the light intensity is greater than the original reference data A, the light intensity collected at this moment replaces the original reference data A and serves as the new reference data A. ， At the same time, the MCU controller records the current deflection angle of the UV light source. If there is no light intensity greater than the original reference data A within this range, the device still uses the original reference data A as the reference data. When the UV light source rotates to 2-3° on one side, it controls the UV light source to return to the original deflection angle α and rotates toward the other side based on the deflection angle α, with increments of 0.5°, using the same method to find the point with greater light intensity. During the left and right rotation process, after finding the point with maximum light intensity, the UV light source is controlled to maintain its position to monitor the oil spill on the water surface.

[0046] S5. After adjusting the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet light source generates fluorescence to the water surface, and the fluorescence excited by the ultraviolet light source is received by the fluorescence sensor to monitor the oil spill situation on the water surface; during the monitoring process, the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface is monitored in real time by the distance sensor. When the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface changes, the new theoretical optimal deflection angle α' is calculated according to the changed distance H1' between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface according to the above formula ①. The MCU controller drives the motor to rotate according to the calculated new theoretical optimal deflection angle α', so that the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the deflection angle α'; and repeats step S4 to control the ultraviolet light source to rotate left and right on the basis of the deflection angle α' to find a point with greater light intensity. After finding the point with maximum light intensity, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to maintain its position unchanged to monitor the oil spill situation on the water surface.

[0047] After the present invention is specifically installed at the bottom of the monitoring equipment, holes can be opened at the bottom of the equipment according to the distance detected by the equipment. One hole is the exit hole of the LED ultraviolet light source, and the other two are on one side of the light source hole for ultraviolet light reflection and light collection. The three holes are distributed in an isosceles triangle; a small hole is opened at the midpoint between the ultraviolet light collection holes for placing an infrared distance sensor for detection.

[0048] When the present invention is used, the device is installed on site, powered on, and the distance sensor 3 emits infrared light. Based on the propagation speed of light and the time difference between emission and reception, the vertical distance from the device to the liquid surface is calculated. Based on the pre-determined linear distance from the ultraviolet light source to the infrared distance sensor, an algorithm set by the single-chip microcomputer is used to determine the deflection angle at which the light source illuminates the area directly below the ultraviolet receiving sensor. Based on this theoretical deflection angle, the single-chip microcomputer sends a pulse, sending a signal to the PWM circuit. The PWM circuit drives the stepper motor to start rotating, theoretically finding the position where the light from the light source illuminates the entire area below the sensor. Only then does the light sensor increase the light intensity at this moment and store it. In this way, the position of the LED light source to find the optimal luminous point is first determined to be within a certain range. The next step is performed within this range, so that the search for the optimal position is not particularly blind and aimless.

[0049] The present invention uses an infrared distance sensor to monitor the distance from the monitoring device to the liquid level in real time, and automatically adjusts the luminous intensity of the LED ultraviolet light source based on the distance. The infrared distance sensor detects the liquid level in real time, and the height information is sent to the MCU single-chip microcomputer. The MCU single-chip microcomputer controls the current output of the LED driver power supply through the enable terminal, thereby adjusting the output current of the LED driver power supply, and then adjusting the power of the LED, thereby adjusting the illumination of the LED light source. Under normal circumstances, the closer the distance to the liquid level, the smaller the illumination of the LED light source, and the farther the distance from the liquid level, the greater the illumination of the LED light source, thereby increasing the illumination of the light source, allowing the sensor to obtain the maximum light intensity from the light source angle.

[0050] The above is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and its description is relatively specific and detailed. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An oil spill monitoring system with automatic adjustment of light source angle, characterized in that: The oil spill monitoring system comprises an ultraviolet light source (1) arranged on the bottom surface (5) of the oil spill monitoring device, a light source adjustment mechanism, a fluorescence sensor (2), a distance sensor (3) and a light intensity sensor (4), wherein the fluorescence sensor (2) is provided with two groups, the light intensity sensor (4) is located between the two fluorescence sensors (2), and the distance sensor (3) is located between the ultraviolet light source (1) and the light intensity sensor (4); The light source adjustment mechanism comprises a motor (6) and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a main drive gear (7) mounted on an output shaft of the motor (6), a transmission gear (8) meshing with the main drive gear (7), and a first transmission wheel (10) mounted on a light source lamp holder (9), a second transmission wheel (11) being coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the transmission gear (8), and the first transmission wheel (10) and the second transmission wheel (11) being connected in transmission via a transmission belt (12); The oil spill monitoring system further comprises an MCU controller, the signal output ends of the distance sensor (3), the fluorescence sensor (2) and the light intensity sensor (4) are all connected to the signal input end of the MCU controller, and the signal output end of the MCU controller is connected to the control end of the motor (5) and the ultraviolet light source (1).

2. The oil spill monitoring system with automatic light source angle adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source (1) and the two fluorescence sensors (2) are distributed in the form of an isosceles triangle; the light intensity sensor (4) is located on the midline of the two fluorescence sensors (2), and the light intensity sensor (4) and the two fluorescence sensors (2) are on the same straight line; the distance sensor (3), the light intensity sensor (4) and the ultraviolet light source (1) are on a straight line, and the distance sensor (3) is located at the midpoint.

3. The oil spill monitoring system with automatic light source angle adjustment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The oil spill monitoring system further comprises a travel switch (13); the ultraviolet light source (1) is provided with a fixed housing (14) on its outer casing, and the ultraviolet light source lamp holder (9) is rotatably mounted in the fixed housing (14); the ultraviolet light source (1) can rotate in the fixed housing (14); the travel switch (13) is provided with two groups, symmetrically mounted on the inner wall of the fixed housing (14) on both sides of the ultraviolet light source (1); the signal output ends of the travel switches (13) are both connected to the signal input ends of the MCU controller, and are used to limit the rotation of the ultraviolet light source (1).

4. The oil spill monitoring system with automatic light source angle adjustment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ultraviolet light source (1) is an LED ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of 300 nm.

5. The oil spill monitoring system with automatic light source angle adjustment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The distance sensor (3) is an infrared distance test sensor, which emits infrared light to the liquid surface and automatically calculates the output distance by using the propagation speed of the light in the air and the receiving time.

6. A method for monitoring oil spills by automatically adjusting the light source angle, characterized in that Using the oil spill monitoring system with automatic light source angle adjustment as described in claims 2 to 5, the specific steps are as follows: S1. Install the ultraviolet light source, fluorescence sensor, distance sensor and light intensity sensor on the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment, ensuring that the above components are on the same plane, the two fluorescence sensors are symmetrically located and the plane is parallel to the monitored liquid surface; S2. Use the distance sensor to measure the distance between the bottom plate of the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface, that is, the distance H1 between the ultraviolet light source and the monitored liquid surface, and then calculate the theoretical optimal deflection angle α of the ultraviolet light source based on the distance L between the distance sensor and the ultraviolet light source. The calculation process is as follows: tanα=L / H1 α= arctan(L / H1); ① S3. The MCU controller calculates the theoretical optimal deflection angle α of the ultraviolet light source according to formula ① in step S2, and drives the stepper motor to rotate so that the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the theoretical optimal deflection angle α; S4. After adjusting the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet light source generates fluorescence to the water surface, and the fluorescence excited by the ultraviolet light source is received by the fluorescence sensor to monitor the oil spill situation on the water surface; during the monitoring process, the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface is monitored in real time by the distance sensor. When the distance between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface changes, the new theoretical optimal deflection angle α' is calculated according to the above formula ① based on the changed distance H1' between the oil spill monitoring equipment and the monitored liquid surface. The MCU controller drives the motor to rotate based on the calculated new theoretical optimal deflection angle α', so that the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the deflection angle α'.

7. The oil spill monitoring method for automatically adjusting the light source angle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In the step S3, when the emission angle of the ultraviolet light source reaches the theoretical optimal deflection angle α, the ultraviolet light source is turned on, the light source emits light periodically, the real-time light intensity is collected by the light intensity sensor, and the average light intensity at this moment is stored as the original reference data A; Then, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate left and right based on the deflection angle α to find the point with greater light intensity, and rotates at an angle of 0.5° each time, and the maximum angle of rotation on each side is controlled at 2-3°; First, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to rotate toward one side based on the deflection angle α. During each rotation, the light intensity sensor collects real-time light intensity and compares it with the original reference data A. When the light intensity is greater than the original reference data A, the light intensity collected at this moment replaces the original reference data A as the new reference data A. ， At the same time, the MCU controller records the deflection angle of the ultraviolet light source at this moment. If there is no light intensity greater than the original reference data A within this interval, the device still uses the original reference data A as the reference data; when one side rotates to 2-3°, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to return to the original theoretical optimal deflection angle α, and rotates toward the other side based on the deflection angle α, with an increment of 0.5°, and uses the same method to find a point with greater light intensity; during the left and right rotation process, after finding the maximum light intensity point, the ultraviolet light source is controlled to keep its position unchanged to monitor the oil spill on the water surface.

8. The oil spill monitoring method of automatically adjusting the light source angle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: In the step S3, the ultraviolet light source is limited by a travel switch during its rotation to ensure that the ultraviolet light source does not deviate from the irradiation range.

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