Composite yarn with color-changing and anti-cutting functions as well as preparation method and application of composite yarn

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite yarn with color-changing and anti-cutting functions as well as a preparation method and application of the composite yarn. The composite yarn sequentially comprises an anti-cutting layer, a stainless steel fiber layer and a color-changing layer, the anti-cutting layer takes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filaments as core yarn, and two layers of para-aramid filaments are wrapped outside the anti-cutting layer; the stainless steel fiber layer is formed by wrapping a single stainless steel fiber on the anti-cutting layer; and the color-changing layer is formed by coating two or more thermochromic fibers with four primary colors of red, green, yellow and blue outside the stainless steel fiber layer. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament is used as a core yarn and is coated with two layers of para-aramid filaments to form an anti-cutting layer; wrapping stainless steel fibers to form a stainless steel fiber layer; the stainless steel fiber layer is coated with thermochromic fibers; the method is applied to the functional fabric. The functional composite yarn can passively make thermal response under the change of external temperature, can also actively change color after being powered on, is used for bag bodies, garment materials and the like after being made into fabric, and has high performance and fashionable appearance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the design and preparation of a functional composite yarn with color-changing and anti-cutting properties and the processing and application of its functional fabric, belonging to the field of textile materials and technology. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of science and technology and the improvement of the quality of life, people have put forward higher requirements for the functionality and intelligence of textiles. For example, in the field of personal protection, anti-cutting materials are widely used in gloves, protective clothing and other equipment due to their excellent protective properties; in the field of smart textiles, thermochromic materials have become an important part of fashion clothing and smart display devices due to their characteristics of dynamically presenting colors with temperature changes. However, there are still many technical challenges to effectively combine anti-cutting performance with thermochromic function to meet the needs of multifunctional textiles.

[0003] In the prior art, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and para-aramid fibers are widely used in protective materials due to their high strength and excellent cut resistance, but they have a single function and lack appearance change and intelligent response capabilities. Thermochromic materials are mostly applied to the surface of fibers or fabrics in the form of single-color coatings or dyes. Although they can achieve basic color-changing functions, they are limited in the diversity of color changes, color depth, and visual effects. At the same time, the way they are combined with fibers may affect the durability and feel of the fabric. In addition, the research and development and application of multi-primary-color thermochromic fibers are still in the initial stage, and their arrangement and combination technologies have not been fully developed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the cut-resistant fiber and the thermochromic fiber have single functions and it is difficult to take into account both high mechanical properties and diversified color changes.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: prepare thermochromic filaments of four primary colors, red, green, yellow and blue, each color has an independent temperature response threshold; through the careful design of the proportion, arrangement and combination of filaments of different colors, the yarn can present a variety of color change effects; while retaining the anti-cutting layer and the stainless steel fiber layer structure, the color-changing yarn and the high-performance substrate are organically combined. The present invention effectively solves the shortcomings of existing functional yarns in terms of performance compatibility and diversified color-changing ability, and provides a new idea for the research and development of high-performance and intelligent textiles.

[0006] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is: to provide a color-changing and cut-resistant functional composite yarn, which includes, from the inside to the outside, an anti-cut layer, a stainless steel fiber layer, and a color-changing layer, wherein the anti-cut layer uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament (UHMWPE) as the core yarn and is coated with two layers of para-aramid filament, the outer layer has a coating twist greater than the inner layer, and the two layers have opposite twist directions; the stainless steel fiber layer is composed of a single stainless steel fiber wrapped around the anti-cut layer, providing additional anti-cut protection and serving as a conductive layer; the color-changing layer is composed of two or more thermochromic fibers of four primary colors of red, green, yellow and blue coated on the outside of the stainless steel fiber layer, and different thermochromic fibers are combined according to the required temperature threshold to achieve color change.

[0007] Preferably, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filaments in the anti-cut layer have a strength range of 2.8 GPa-4.0 GPa and a linear density range of 600D-1000D, and the para-aramid filaments have a strength range of 2.5 GPa to 3.8 GPa and a linear density range of 400D-600D.

[0008] Preferably, in the anti-cut layer, the coating twist of the outer layer of para-aramid filaments is controlled at 300-400 twists / m, the twist direction is S twist, and the coating twist of the inner layer of para-aramid filaments is controlled at 100-350 twists / m, the twist direction is Z twist.

[0009] Preferably, the stainless steel fiber layer uses stainless steel fibers with a diameter of 35 microns and a wrapping twist of 100-150 twists / m, which provides additional anti-cut protection and acts as a conductive layer to achieve active color change response of the outer color-changing layer through current heating.

[0010] Preferably, the thermochromic fiber is based on at least one of polyester, nylon and viscose, and the fiber surface is treated with plasma to enhance the fiber surface activity and improve the adhesion; then the thermochromic dye is mixed with a film-forming agent, and a thickener, a dispersant and a cross-linking agent are added to prepare a uniform coating liquid; the coating liquid is uniformly applied to the fiber surface by padding, spraying or coating technology, and the coating amount is controlled to be 5-10g / m 2 ; The fiber is then cured and cross-linked at a temperature of 100-150°C to firmly combine the dye with the fiber to form a dense coating, thereby obtaining a thermochromic fiber with color-changing sensitivity.

[0011] Preferably, the color-changing layer achieves an appearance color change with a temperature sensitivity of 1°C by superimposing the colors of four-primary-color thermochromic fibers, and the color-changing layer is composed of any two or more thermochromic fibers; the color thresholds of the red, green, yellow and blue four-primary-color thermochromic fibers are: 30-32°C for red color-changing fibers; 32-34°C for green color-changing fibers; 34-36°C for yellow color-changing fibers; 36-40°C for blue color-changing fibers, and the color change threshold range of the overall yarn is 30-40°C.

[0012] Preferably, the functional fabric is processed by knitting or weaving, the knitted fabric structure is one or more of weft knitted single-sided plain needle structure, double-sided rib structure or jacquard structure, the woven fabric structure is at least one of plain weave, reinforced twill, square weave and satin weave, and the warp density and weft density of the fabric are controlled at 40-60 and 30-50 strands per inch respectively.

[0013] Preferably, after the functional composite yarn is connected to an external power source, the conductive heating effect of the stainless steel fiber layer causes the temperature around the color-changing layer to rise to 40-60°C, thereby killing attached bacteria or microorganisms while maintaining the stability of the yarn structure and performance.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1): using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament as core yarn, coating two layers of para-aramid filament on a coating machine to form an anti-cutting layer;

[0016] Step 2): wrapping a single stainless steel fiber on the anti-cutting layer to form a stainless steel fiber layer;

[0017] Step 3): Two or more thermochromic fibers are wrapped around the stainless steel fiber layer in a spiral wrapping, parallel wrapping or staggered arrangement according to the principle of color superposition, with different base colors, according to a set ratio, to obtain a functional composite yarn.

[0018] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned color-changing and anti-cutting functional composite yarn, characterized in that the functional composite yarn is processed into functional fabric by knitting or weaving, wherein the organizational structure of the knitted fabric is one or more of weft-knitted single-sided plain needle organization, double-sided rib organization or jacquard organization, and the organizational structure of the woven fabric is at least one of plain weave, reinforced twill, square plain and satin weave, and the warp density and weft density of the fabric are controlled at 40-60 and 30-50 per inch respectively. The functional fabric can be applied to the outer layer material of the bag, with anti-cutting and warning functions, wherein the color-changing layer can show a warning color after the power is turned on at night; it can be applied to close-fitting clothing, wherein the color change of the thermochromic fiber can reflect the change of human body temperature, indicating abnormal body temperature; it can be applied to the outer layer fabric of down jackets, with both high protection performance and dynamic color change effect, suitable for outdoor sports scenes; it can also be applied to the outer layer material of suits, providing a fashionable appearance that can dynamically change with the change of ambient temperature.

[0019] Based on the existing anti-cutting and color-changing technologies, the present invention precisely combines red, green, yellow and blue four-primary-color thermochromic filaments with a high-strength anti-cutting layer and a stainless steel fiber layer to prepare a functional composite yarn with both color-changing and high protection performance. Through the coating preparation of the four-primary-color thermochromic filaments and the precise design of their arrangement and combination, not only the diversified color change effects of the yarn under different temperature conditions and the color response of the multi-primary-color thermochromic fibers are achieved, but also excellent anti-cutting performance, conductive heating function, sensitive color change, and diverse uses are provided. The principle of realizing the above-mentioned characteristics of the present invention is:

[0020] 1. Preparation of four-primary-color thermochromic fibers. Four thermochromic dyes, red, green, yellow and blue, are used to evenly coat the surfaces of fiber substrates such as polyester, nylon and viscose through a coating process. Thermochromic dyes have reversible color-changing properties. Within a specific temperature range, their molecular structures change, resulting in changes in light absorption wavelengths, which manifest as color changes. By adding auxiliary materials such as film-forming agents, thickeners and cross-linking agents, the coating is firmly combined with the fiber substrate, which improves the adhesion and durability of the dyes and ensures the stability of the color-changing function during multiple cycles of use.

[0021] 2. Arrangement and combination design of multi-primary color thermochromic filaments. Through the careful proportion design and arrangement and combination of the four primary color thermochromic filaments of red, green, yellow and blue, the yarn can achieve a visual transition from one color to another at different temperatures. The color change temperature thresholds of different primary color fibers are set as: 30-32℃ for red, 32-34℃ for green, 34-36℃ for yellow, and 36-40℃ for blue. These temperature differences make the primary color fibers gradually show color changes during the heating process. In addition, through spiral coating, parallel arrangement or staggered arrangement and other processes, the color superposition effect can be further optimized, so that the color change layer presents a richer visual effect.

[0022] 3. Design principle of the anti-cutting layer. The core yarn is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filament, which is covered with two layers of para-aramid filament. UHMWPE filament has extremely high strength and toughness, and can provide excellent anti-cutting performance; para-aramid filament further enhances the anti-cutting ability. At the same time, the two layers of coating are twisted in opposite directions, which offset the internal stress and improve the overall strength and stability of the yarn. The multi-layer composite structure makes the anti-cutting layer have high strength, durability and flexibility, so that the yarn has excellent anti-cutting performance in practical applications.

[0023] 4. Conductivity and structural protection of the stainless steel fiber layer. By wrapping a single stainless steel fiber with a diameter of 35 microns on the anti-cutting layer, it not only provides additional anti-cutting protection, but also serves as a conductive layer for the yarn, so that the yarn can be actively heated when connected to an external power source, triggering the color change of the color-changing layer by increasing the temperature; at the same time, when the temperature is raised to 40-60°C, it can also kill bacteria or microorganisms attached to the surface of the yarn to achieve a sterilization effect. The corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity of stainless steel fibers ensure the stability and safety of functional composite yarns in complex environments.

[0024] 5. Overall synergistic effect of multi-layer composite structure. This functional composite yarn adopts a multi-layer structure design from the inside to the outside (anti-cutting layer, stainless steel fiber layer, color-changing layer). Through reasonable yarn twist and arrangement, the performance of each layer cooperates with each other, which not only retains high-strength anti-cutting performance, but also realizes intelligent color change and conductive heating functions. The combination of each layer improves the overall performance of the yarn, so that it has sensitive color response and excellent durability while maintaining high mechanical properties.

[0025] 6. Functional fabrics can be processed in various forms and can be temperature-controlled and color-changed. The functional composite yarn can be processed into a variety of fabric forms by knitting or weaving. The fabric organization is flexible and diverse, and the warp and weft density can be adjusted according to specific application requirements. Through external power supply or ambient temperature change control, the color-changing layer can be passively or actively triggered, presenting a dynamic color change effect, while realizing personalized appearance design and temperature control warning function.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention has a unique design and precise combination of four-primary-color thermochromic fibers, and combines red, green, yellow, and blue thermochromic filaments in precise proportions and reasonable arrangements to design a color-changing layer with segmented temperature response. The color-changing temperature thresholds of different primary-color fibers are precisely set, and a variety of color-changing effects are achieved through fiber combinations. Traditional single-color thermochromic fibers can only achieve simple color changes, but the present invention uses the superposition and matching of four-primary-color fibers to make the yarn present a rich color transition effect during the heating process, which enhances visual appeal and intelligent response capabilities, and meets the needs of both fashion and functionality.

[0028] 2. The present invention adopts a multi-layer composite design for the yarn structure, uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and para-aramid fiber for the anti-cutting layer, improves the anti-cutting performance by two layers of coating with opposite twist directions, and at the same time, coats the outer layer with thermochromic fiber to form a composite yarn with dynamic response capability. The yarn not only has high-efficiency anti-cutting performance, but also realizes the dynamic response of color changing with temperature. At the same time, it has a compact structure and stable performance, which expands the application scenarios of functional textiles.

[0029] 3. The stainless steel fiber layer in the present invention has dual functional applications. By coating a single stainless steel fiber outside the anti-cutting layer, it not only provides additional anti-cutting protection, but also can serve as a conductive layer of the yarn to achieve the active heating function of the yarn. Through conductive heating, the outer color-changing fiber can respond quickly and show color changes, while achieving a sterilization effect of 40-60°C, providing more possibilities for personal protection and smart textile fields.

[0030] 4. The functional composite yarn of the present invention can be processed into functional fabrics with different structures by knitting or weaving. The fabric organization form and warp and weft density can be flexibly adjusted. The prepared functional fabrics can be widely used in the fields of protective clothing, outer layer materials of bags, outdoor sportswear, suit fabrics, etc., and the color change effect and anti-cutting performance can be adjusted according to specific needs, providing functional products with both high performance and personalization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-cutting layer of the functional composite yarn provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the functional composite yarn provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a plain woven fabric made of a functional composite yarn provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a finished handbag in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the handbag cut piece in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a functional composite yarn with color-changing and anti-cutting properties provided by the present invention comprises, from the inside to the outside, an anti-cutting layer 21, a stainless steel fiber layer 22, and a color-changing layer 23. The anti-cutting layer 21 uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filaments as the core yarn 11, and is coated with two layers of para-aramid filaments. The coating twist of the outer layer 13 is greater than that of the inner layer 12, and the twist directions of the two layers are opposite; the stainless steel fiber layer 22 is composed of a single stainless steel fiber wrapped on the anti-cutting layer, providing additional anti-cutting protection and serving as a conductive layer; the color-changing layer 23 is composed of two or more thermochromic fibers of four primary colors of red, green, yellow, and blue coated on the outside of the stainless steel fiber layer 22, and different thermochromic fibers are combined according to the required temperature threshold. The preparation method and application include the following steps:

[0038] 1) Feeding an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament (UHMWPE) as a core yarn, with a linear density range of 600D-1000D and a strength of 2.8GPa-4.0GPa, and then sequentially coating the first and second layers of para-aramid filaments on a coating machine, with a linear density range of 400D-600D, setting the twist of the first layer to 300-400 twists / m, and the twist direction to S twist, to ensure that the first layer is closely attached to the core yarn, and the twist of the second layer to 100-350 twists / m, and the twist direction to Z twist, to increase the stability and cutting resistance of the yarn, and to form an anti-cutting layer;

[0039] 2) Using a wrapping machine, a single stainless steel fiber is evenly distributed outside the anti-cutting layer in a spiral wrapping manner. The diameter of the stainless steel fiber is 35 microns, and the wrapping twist is 100-150 twists / m, ensuring that the stainless steel fiber layer not only provides additional anti-cutting protection, but also serves as a conductive layer to enhance functionality;

[0040] 3) Select thermochromic fibers of four primary colors, red, green, yellow and blue, and reasonably match two or more thermochromic fibers according to the principle of color superposition. The fiber ratio can be adjusted according to demand. The thermochromic fibers are coated on the outer layer by spiral coating, parallel coating or staggered arrangement. The arrangement order and tension of the fibers are strictly controlled during the coating process to ensure the uniformity and sensitivity of the color change;

[0041] 4) The prepared functional composite yarn is processed into functional fabrics by knitting or weaving, wherein the knitted fabric structure can be one or more of weft knitted single-sided plain needle structure, double-sided rib structure or jacquard structure, and the woven fabric structure can be at least one of plain weave, reinforced twill, square weave and satin weave, and the warp density and weft density of the fabric are controlled at 40-60 and 30-50 strands per inch, respectively.

[0042] 5) Under a voltage of 12V, the functional fabric should heat up to 40-60℃ within 10 seconds, and the color-changing layer should respond quickly and achieve the sterilization function.

[0043] Specifically, it involves the following four embodiments: Embodiment 1 is used for the preparation of functional fabrics for fashionable cut-resistant handbags; Embodiment 2 is used for the preparation of functional fabrics for down jackets; Embodiment 3 is used for the preparation of functional fabrics for outdoor sportswear; Embodiment 4 is used for the preparation of functional fabrics for suits.

[0044] The process parameters of the four embodiments are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1

[0046]

Claims

1. A color-changing, cut-resistant composite yarn, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes an anti-cut layer, a stainless steel fiber layer, and a color-changing layer. The anti-cut layer uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filaments as the core yarn and is covered with two layers of para-aramid filaments. The outer layer has a greater coating twist than the inner layer, and the two layers have opposite twist directions. The stainless steel fiber layer is composed of a single stainless steel fiber wrapped around the anti-cut layer to provide additional anti-cut protection and serve as a conductive layer. The color-changing layer is composed of two or more thermochromic fibers in four primary colors of red, green, yellow and blue coated on the outside of the stainless steel fiber layer, and different thermochromic fibers are combined according to the required temperature threshold.

2. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filaments in the anti-cut layer have a strength range of 2.8 GPa-4.0 GPa and a linear density range of 600D-1000D, and the para-aramid filaments have a strength range of 2.5 GPa to 3.8 GPa and a linear density range of 400D-600D.

3. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the anti-cut layer, the outer layer of the para-aramid filaments has a coating twist of 300-400 twists / m, and the twist direction is S twist, and the inner layer of the para-aramid filaments has a coating twist of 100-350 twists / m, and the twist direction is Z twist.

4. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stainless steel fiber layer is made of stainless steel fiber with a diameter of 35 microns and a wrapping twist of 100-150 twists / m.

5. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermochromic fiber is based on at least one of polyester, nylon and viscose, and the fiber surface is treated with plasma to enhance the fiber surface activity and improve the adhesion; then the thermochromic dye is mixed with a film-forming agent, and a thickener, a dispersant and a cross-linking agent are added to prepare a uniform coating liquid; the coating liquid is evenly applied to the fiber surface by padding, spraying or coating technology, and the coating amount is controlled to be 5-10g / m 2 ; The fiber is then cured and cross-linked at a temperature of 100-150°C to firmly combine the dye with the fiber to form a dense coating, thereby obtaining a thermochromic fiber with color-changing sensitivity.

6. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color-changing layer achieves an appearance color change with a temperature sensitivity of 1°C by superimposing the colors of four-primary-color thermochromic fibers. The color-changing layer is composed of any two or more thermochromic fibers. The color thresholds of the red, green, yellow and blue four-primary-color thermochromic fibers are: 30-32°C for red color-changing fibers; 32-34°C for green color-changing fibers; 34-36°C for yellow color-changing fibers; and 36-40°C for blue color-changing fibers. The color-changing threshold range of the overall yarn is 30-40°C.

7. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional fabric is processed by knitting or weaving. The knitted fabric structure is one or more of weft knitted single-sided plain needle structure, double-sided rib structure or jacquard structure. The woven fabric structure is at least one of plain weave, reinforced twill, square weave and satin weave. The warp density and weft density of the fabric are controlled at 40-60 and 30-50 strands per inch respectively.

8. The color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the functional composite yarn is connected to an external power source, the conductive heating effect of the stainless steel fiber layer causes the temperature around the color-changing layer to rise to 40-60° C., thereby killing attached bacteria or microorganisms while maintaining the stability of the yarn structure and performance.

9. The method for preparing the color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1): using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament as core yarn, coating two layers of para-aramid filament on a coating machine to form an anti-cutting layer; Step 2): wrapping a single stainless steel fiber on the anti-cutting layer to form a stainless steel fiber layer; Step 3): Two or more thermochromic fibers are wrapped around the stainless steel fiber layer in a spiral wrapping, parallel wrapping or staggered arrangement according to the principle of color superposition, with different base colors, according to a set ratio, to obtain a functional composite yarn.

10. The use of the color-changing and cut-resistant composite yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The functional composite yarn is processed into a functional fabric by knitting or weaving, wherein the structure of the knitted fabric is one or more of weft knitted single-sided plain needle structure, double-sided rib structure or jacquard structure, and the structure of the woven fabric is at least one of plain weave, reinforced twill, square weave and satin weave, and the warp density and weft density of the fabric are controlled at 40-60 and 30-50 strands per inch respectively.

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