Animal house cage ventilation device and ventilation system and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal house ventilation, and discloses an animal cage ventilation device, system and method for an animal house. The animal cage ventilation device comprises an air supply jet device, an upper foldable metal plate and a lower foldable metal plate which are integrated on the side face of an animal cage. Two horizontal pore plates are arranged in the air supply jet device and divide the internal space into three cavities. One side of the upper cavity is connected with an air inlet hose and is communicated with the upper foldable metal plate; and the lower cavity is connected with the lower foldable metal plate. A vertical pore plate is further arranged in the upper cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into two cavities. Polluted gas generated by the animal cage and the lower excrement groove is exhausted by an exhaust short pipe on the side face of the excrement groove through an exhaust hose, and an air outlet hole plate is installed on the inner side face of the device. The air supply jet device is flexibly installed on the side wall of the animal cage through a sliding mechanism. The device can adapt to experimental animals of different sizes, air is supplied to a breathing area to improve air quality, the air volume and load of an air conditioning system of the animal house can be reduced, and the problem of too high energy consumption is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal room ventilation, and in particular relates to an animal room cage ventilation device and a ventilation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Animal rooms are facilities in scientific research institutions or laboratories that are specifically used to raise and manage experimental animals. They can provide strictly controlled environmental conditions (such as temperature, wind speed, etc.) for experimental animals and play a vital role in life science research. Take experimental pigs as an example. Experimental pigs are one of the commonly used experimental animals. Their anatomical structure and physiological characteristics are similar to those of humans. They are easy to raise and manage, have strong reproductive capacity, and are highly plastic. They are widely used in scientific research in the fields of pharmaceutical research and development, disease simulation, and organ transplantation.

[0003] Experimental pigs, such as SPF pigs (specific pathogen-free pigs) and sterile pigs, require a strict experimental animal room breeding environment. The environment of the experimental pig animal room needs to comprehensively consider factors such as temperature, humidity, air quality, lighting, space and facilities, social environment, noise and interference, in order to provide a good experimental environment that meets the physiological and behavioral needs of pigs. According to the national standard GB14925 "Experimental Animal Environment and Facilities", the breeding environment for experimental pigs is divided into ordinary environment, barrier environment and isolation environment. Among them, the isolation environment is the most stringent, requiring a temperature range of 20~26℃, a daily temperature difference of ≤4℃, and a ventilation frequency of ≥20 h -1 , air flow velocity around the cage ≤ 0.2 m / s, ammonia concentration ≤ 14 mg / m 3 Ventilation and air conditioning are key means of protecting the environment of experimental animal rooms. They can provide good air quality, control temperature and humidity, prevent cross infection, support the stability of experimental conditions, and protect the health of experimental personnel, providing reliable basic conditions for scientific research.

[0004] The ventilation and air conditioning system of the animal room usually uses fresh air to run 24 hours a day, and the typical cooling load in the cooling season is as high as 300 W / m 2The above shows that the air conditioning system consumes a lot of energy. The reason is that animal rooms often adopt a mixed ventilation form with top delivery and bottom exhaust (or whole-room dilution ventilation), and its design concept is to create the required temperature, wind speed and other environmental parameters in the entire room (the entire volume of the room). The characteristics of the load composition of this ventilation form are mixed ventilation, uniform environment, and the entire space (whole room) is the air-conditioned area. However, engineering practice shows that for animal rooms for experimental animals, the area that needs to be regulated is mainly the local environment inside the cage, and it is not necessary to regulate the entire room. For many years, due to the lack of concept that animal rooms only need to ventilate and air-condition the local environment for animals, and the lack of ventilation methods that are suitable for engineering promotion and application, the mixed ventilation and air-conditioning method is still widely used. 30%~70% of the invalid load is often lost in the surrounding area outside the cage, resulting in a huge waste of energy.

[0005] Therefore, based on the environmental requirements of animal rooms, an animal cage ventilation device is proposed, which is of great significance for improving the air quality, thermal environment and ventilation and air-conditioning efficiency of animal rooms, reducing the risk of cross-infection between experimental animals, efficiently eliminating waste gas and harmful gases emitted by experimental animals, and ensuring the health and safety of experimental personnel. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an animal room cage ventilation device and a ventilation system and method, which simultaneously solves the problems of ensuring the air environment for experimental animals and saving energy and reducing carbon emissions in the animal room ventilation and air conditioning system.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The invention discloses an animal cage ventilation device, comprising an air supply ejector integrally connected to the side of the animal cage, an upper foldable metal plate and a lower foldable metal plate; The air supply ejector is a hollow box body, in which a first horizontal orifice plate and a second horizontal orifice plate are arranged, and the hollow box body is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity; An air inlet hose is connected to the side of the upper cavity, the upper side of the upper cavity is connected to the upper foldable metal plate, and the lower side of the lower cavity is connected to the lower foldable metal plate; A vertical orifice plate close to the air inlet is provided in the upper cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity; An exhaust hose is connected to the side of the manure trough at the bottom of the animal cage; On the inner side of the upper and lower cavities and close to the animal is an air outlet plate with a plurality of holes; The air supply ejector is connected to the side wall of the animal cage through a sliding mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, a short air inlet pipe is connected to the side of the upper cavity, an air volume regulating valve is provided on the short air inlet pipe, and the short air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet hose.

[0009] Furthermore, a short exhaust pipe is connected to the side of the manure trough at the lower part of the animal cage. The short exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust duct through an exhaust hose, and a check valve is installed on the exhaust duct.

[0010] Furthermore, the sliding mechanism includes a gear and a slide groove; the gear is nested in the slide groove, the slide groove is connected to the side wall of the air supply ejector, and the gear is connected to a start-stop component for controlling the rotation of the gear; As the gears rotate, the slide moves vertically, driving the air ejector to move.

[0011] Furthermore, the aperture diameter of the orifice on the air inlet side of the first horizontal orifice plate and the second horizontal orifice plate is larger than the aperture diameter of the orifice on the rear end.

[0012] Furthermore, the second horizontal orifice plate is located in the middle of the air supply ejector.

[0013] Furthermore, the air outlet speed of the air outlet plate is 0~0.2m / s.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a ventilation method for the animal room cage ventilation device, wherein the air supply ejector is adjusted to an adapted position by a sliding mechanism; The air supply air flows into the first cavity through the air inlet hose, and after being blocked by the vertical orifice plate, a part of the air flow directly enters the middle cavity, and the other part of the air flow enters the second cavity, and then enters the middle cavity through the first horizontal orifice plate; The airflow in the middle cavity flows into the lower cavity through the second horizontal orifice plate; The airflow in the lower cavity enters the animal cage through the air outlet plate.

[0015] A ventilation system comprises a ceiling air supply duct, a ceiling air supply diffuser and a side wall exhaust vent, and a plurality of the above-mentioned animal room cage ventilation devices; The ceiling air supply diffuser is installed below the ceiling air supply duct; The ceiling air supply duct is arranged in the upper ceiling of the room, and a plurality of air outlets located above the animal cages are arranged at the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct, and the air outlets are connected to the corresponding air supply ejectors through air inlet hoses; the side wall exhaust vents are connected to the exhaust duct; The air outlet at the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct and the side wall exhaust outlet are equipped with regulating valves for independent adjustment of air volume.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a ventilation method of the ventilation system, comprising the following process: The treated air flow is sent to the ceiling air duct and then sent to each air ejector and ceiling air diffuser through the air inlet hose; the polluted gas in the animal room is discharged into the exhaust duct through the exhaust hose of the animal room cage ventilation device and the side wall exhaust port.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention discloses an animal cage ventilation device, which combines an air supply ejector with an animal cage, separates a plurality of cavities through horizontal orifice plates and vertical orifice plates, and can distribute and adjust the incoming airflow in multiple stages, so that the airflow enters the animal cage more evenly and stably, avoids the airflow directly impacting the animal, and provides a comfortable environment for the animal. An air inlet hose is connected to the air supply ejector, and the air inlet hose introduces fresh air. An exhaust hose is provided at the bottom of the animal cage, and the exhaust hose discharges the dirty air in the animal cage, forming a good air circulation, and ensuring the air quality in the animal cage. The air supply ejector designed by the present invention can slide along the side wall of the animal cage through a sliding mechanism, and can adjust the air supply position according to the actual conditions such as the growth stage and activity range of the animal, so as to improve the pertinence of the ventilation effect. The air supply airflow can be directly delivered to the breathing area of ​​the animal, and then discharged from the bottom plate of the animal cage through the exhaust port of the manure trough, forming a directional flow of the airflow, improving the breathing air quality of the animal room, and reducing the risk of cross infection of experimental animals caused by full-room mixed ventilation. Since the animal cages are small in size, the air supply required for local environmental control is small, which greatly reduces the air volume of the air conditioning system and the load required to be processed, achieving the goal of energy saving and carbon reduction.

[0018] Furthermore, the aperture of the orifice on the air inlet side of the first horizontal orifice plate and the second horizontal orifice plate is larger than the aperture of the orifice at the rear end. This aperture gradient design can further evenly distribute the airflow. The aperture on the air inlet side is larger, which is convenient for the airflow to enter quickly. As the airflow flows, the aperture gradually decreases, so that the airflow encounters a certain resistance when passing through the orifice plate, so that the airflow is more evenly distributed in each cavity and animal cage, avoiding excessive or weak local airflow, and ensuring uniform ventilation.

[0019] Furthermore, setting the second horizontal orifice plate in the middle position is conducive to more reasonable distribution of the airflow between the middle cavity and the lower cavity, so that the airflow can smoothly and evenly flow into the lower cavity after passing through the middle cavity, further ensuring that the airflow blown out from the air outlet plate is uniform and stable, providing a good ventilation environment for the animals.

[0020] Furthermore, the vertical displacement adjustment of the air supply ejector is realized by controlling the rotation of the gear through the start-stop component. This precise adjustment method can adjust the air supply ejector to the optimal air supply position according to the actual situation of the animals (such as the height changes of animals at different growth stages), so that fresh air can be delivered to the area where the animals are more accurately, improving ventilation efficiency and effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the animal cage ventilation device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the air supply ejector and its connection with other components; Figure 3 is a perspective view of an air supply ejector; Figure 4 Three views of the air supply ejector, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view; Figure 5 Figure 1 is the orifice plate diagram of the air supply ejector, (a) is the first horizontal orifice plate, (b) is the vertical orifice plate, and (c) is the second horizontal orifice plate; Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the gears and slides on the side of the animal cage; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cage ventilation device and ventilation system of the animal room; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper ceiling piping system; Fig. 9 Comparison of local velocity distribution cloud maps of air supply in the present invention and traditional air supply animal cages in summer and winter; wherein, Figure (a) is a summer velocity cloud map, Figure (b) is a summer temperature cloud map, Figure (c) is a winter velocity cloud map, and Figure (d) is a winter temperature cloud map; Fig.10 Comparison of the local temperature distribution cloud maps of the air supply animal cages of the present invention and the traditional air supply in summer and winter; wherein, Figure (a) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud map in summer, and Figure 10 (b) is the ammonia concentration distribution cloud map in winter; Fig.11 Comparison of local ammonia concentration distribution cloud maps of animal cages in summer and winter with air supply of the present invention and traditional air supply; wherein, Figure (a) is a cloud map of ammonia concentration distribution in summer with the air supply mode of the present invention; Figure (c) is a cloud map of ammonia concentration distribution in winter with the air supply mode of the present invention; Figure (b) is a cloud diagram of ammonia concentration distribution in summer in the traditional upward supply and upward exhaust mixed ventilation mode; Figure (d) is a cloud diagram of ammonia concentration distribution in winter in the traditional upward supply and upward exhaust mixed ventilation mode; Fig.12 Comparison of simulation results between traditional mixed ventilation and the ventilation system of the present invention; Figure (a) shows the arrangement of measuring points in the breathing zone of the experimental pigs in each cage; Figure (b) is a comparison of pollutant removal efficiency between the ventilation system of the present invention and the conventional air supply system; Figure (c) shows the comparison of ammonia concentrations at each monitoring point under different air supply modes in summer; Figure (d) is a comparison of ammonia concentrations at various monitoring points under different air supply modes in winter.

[0022] In the figure, 1, animal cage; 2, air supply ejector; 4, chute; 5, gear; 6, start-stop component; 7, air volume regulating valve; 8, air inlet hose; 9, exhaust short pipe; 10, exhaust hose; 11, check valve; 12, ceiling air supply duct; 13, ceiling air supply diffuser; 14, side wall exhaust vent; 201, air inlet short pipe; 202, vertical orifice plate; 203, first horizontal orifice plate; 204, second horizontal orifice plate; 205, air outlet orifice plate; 301. Upper foldable metal plate; 302. Lower foldable metal plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0024] The components described and shown in the drawings and embodiments of the present invention may be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the following drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents a selected embodiment of the present invention. Based on the drawings and embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, element, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to the process, element, method, article or device. In addition, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are based on the orientation and positional relationship of the devices or components shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of better describing the present invention, rather than requiring the devices, components or equipment shown to have this specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The features and performances of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0027] In order to control the air environment in animal rooms, the most common airflow organization form for ventilation and air conditioning is upper delivery and upper exhaust, which is a mixed ventilation based on the dilution principle. However, for animal rooms, the area that needs to be regulated is not the entire space, but the microenvironment of the experimental animal area. Therefore, in the traditional mixed ventilation mode, most of the cold and heat of the air conditioning system are wasted in the invalid area, and the energy utilization rate of ventilation and air conditioning is poor. So, can we design an air supply airflow organization form with the main goal of controlling the air environment of experimental animals and their surroundings, and deliver fresh air directly to the breathing area and activity area of ​​the animals, while taking into account the environmental control needs of the working area of ​​the breeders?

[0028] In order to solve this problem, the present invention proposes a ventilation form based on the combination of air supply and exhaust of animal cages and comprehensive air supply and exhaust of animal rooms, which effectively combines the internal structural characteristics of the animal room space to achieve efficient ventilation. The animal cages are combined with air supply ejectors 2 and air supply ducts to achieve unitary and modular air supply and local environmental control, and the air flow can be efficiently delivered directly to the activity area of ​​the experimental animals. More importantly, when multiple animal cages are placed in the animal room, and the animals in different animal cages have different requirements for air environments such as temperature and wind speed due to differences in growth stage and type, this air supply form can achieve differentiated control of the air environment of different animal cages. Therefore, this air supply form can effectively avoid the shortcomings of traditional mixed ventilation, greatly reduce the waste of cold and heat in the air-conditioning system, and improve the air supply effect.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment proposes a novel cage ventilation device for animal rooms, which is used for directional air supply in animal rooms. The device includes an air supply ejector 2 integrated on the front of an animal cage 1, a foldable metal plate, an air inlet hose 8, and an exhaust hose 10 located on the side of the manure trough at the bottom of the animal cage.

[0030] The air supply ejector 2 is a hollow cuboid, with an air inlet short pipe 201 disposed on the upper side thereof. One side of the air inlet short pipe 201 is connected to the air volume regulating valve 7 and the air inlet hose 8 in sequence, and the other side of the air inlet short pipe 201 is connected to the air inlet area. The air supply and exhaust system of the animal room can realize positive pressure or negative pressure ventilation of the room by adjusting the air supply and exhaust volume as required.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the air supply ejector 2 is provided with a first horizontal orifice plate 203 and a second horizontal orifice plate 204, which is divided into three sub-cavities, specifically an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity.

[0032] A vertical orifice plate 202 is also installed in the upper cavity to divide the first cavity into two cavities again, specifically a first cavity and a second cavity, so that the supply air flow is evenly distributed in the cavity under the action of the vertical orifice plate 202.

[0033] In the lower cavity, the inner side of the air outlet area close to the animal is an air outlet orifice plate 205 with a plurality of holes. After the air flow flows into the upper cavity through the air inlet short pipe 201, it flows evenly through the vertical orifice plate 202, the first horizontal orifice plate 203 and the second horizontal orifice plate 204, and then flows out from the air outlet holes of the air outlet orifice plate 205 in the air outlet area. The air outlet speed of the air outlet orifice plate 205 is 0~0.2m / s.

[0034] An exhaust short pipe 9 is connected to the side of the manure trough at the lower part of the animal cage 1. The exhaust short pipe 9 is connected to the exhaust duct through an exhaust hose 10, and a check valve 11 is installed on the exhaust duct. The animal cage exhaust port set on the side of the manure trough directly discharges harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produced by feces to prevent them from diffusing into the animal room, and the pollutant removal efficiency is high. The check valve 11 can prevent the air in the exhaust duct from flowing back to the animal cage 1 under certain circumstances (such as changes in the exhaust duct pressure), prevent polluted air from entering the animal cage 1 again, and ensure the stable air quality in the animal cage 1.

[0035] Specifically, the diameter of the air inlet short pipe 201 is 80 mm and the length is 100 mm; the diameter of the air exhaust short pipe 9 is 100 mm and the length is 150 mm.

[0036] The top and bottom of the air ejector 2 are connected to the upper foldable metal plate 301 and the lower foldable metal plate 302 respectively; the air ejector 2 realizes vertical displacement on the side of the animal cage 1 through a sliding mechanism, and the design of the foldable metal plate is used to facilitate the sliding of the air ejector 2.

[0037] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the sliding mechanism includes a gear 5 and a slide slot 4; the gear 5 is nested in the slide slot 4, the slide slot 4 is connected to the side wall of the air supply ejector 2, and the gear 5 is connected to a start-stop component 6 for controlling the rotation of the gear 5; under the rotation of the gear 5, the slide slot 4 makes a vertical displacement, driving the air supply ejector 2 to move.

[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, there are a number of circular holes on the vertical orifice plate 202, with a hole diameter of 25 mm, a hole center distance of 32 mm, and an opening rate of 44%.

[0039] There are several circular orifices on the first horizontal orifice plate 203, and the apertures are 30 mm, 25 mm and 10 mm from the air inlet side to the other end. The orifice area with an aperture of 30 mm accounts for 16%, and the opening rate of this area is 50%; the orifice area with an aperture of 25 mm accounts for 42%, and the opening rate is 40%; the orifice area with an aperture of 15 mm accounts for 42%, and the opening rate is 14%.

[0040] There are several circular holes on the second horizontal orifice plate 204, and the apertures are 25 mm and 15 mm respectively from the air inlet side to the other end. The hole area with an aperture of 25 mm accounts for 33%, and the opening rate is 33%; the hole area with an aperture of 15 mm accounts for 67%, and the opening rate is 18%.

[0041] The aperture of the air outlet plate 205 is 30 mm, the hole center distance is 40 mm, and the opening rate is 34%.

[0042] The shell width of the air supply ejector 2 is slightly smaller than the front width of the animal cage 1, the height is 400 mm, the thickness is 100 mm, the height of the three sub-cavities in the air inlet area is 100 mm, the height of the air outlet cavity is 200 mm, and the vertical orifice plate 202 is 130 mm away from the air inlet.

[0043] like Figure 5 (a)- Figure 5 As shown in (c), the aperture of the air inlet side of the first horizontal orifice plate 203 and the second horizontal orifice plate 204 is larger than the aperture of the rear end. The larger aperture on the air inlet side facilitates the rapid entry of airflow. As the airflow flows, the aperture gradually decreases, so that the airflow encounters a certain resistance when passing through the orifice plate, so that the airflow is more evenly distributed in each cavity and the animal cage 1, avoiding excessive or weak local airflow, and ensuring uniform ventilation.

[0044] At the same time, the present invention discloses an animal room ventilation system, wherein the animal room cage ventilation device is used as the terminal device of the air conditioning ventilation system, and its air inlet is connected to the air supply duct in the upper ceiling of the room through a flexible air duct, and a regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet to adjust the air supply volume as needed. The air flow is sent into the air supply ejector through the flexible air duct, and the setting of the air inlet area and the air outlet area of ​​the air supply ejector 2 can achieve the purpose of uniform air supply. The animal cage exhaust port is arranged on the side of the lower manure trough, which can quickly and locally discharge harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produced by animal excrement to prevent them from being diffused to the animal activity area or the inside of the animal room. Considering the local environmental protection of the staff in the animal room, the present invention also proposes to open an air outlet at the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct 12 above the operating area of ​​the animal room staff, which is connected to the ceiling air supply diffuser 13, and directional air is supplied to the staff activity area to solve the problem of air environment protection in the area where the staff is located.

[0045] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a ceiling air supply duct 12 is provided in the upper ceiling of the animal room, and a plurality of air outlets are provided at the bottom thereof. The air outlet located above the animal cage 1 is connected to the air inlet of the corresponding air supply ejector 2 through the air inlet hose 8, and the air outlet located above the operating area of ​​the animal room personnel is connected to the ceiling air supply diffuser 13. The side wall exhaust port 14 is connected to the exhaust duct. Different air outlets at the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct 12 and the side wall exhaust port 14 are provided with regulating valves for independent adjustment of the air volume.

[0046] Based on the above structural design, the effect of the ventilation device and ventilation system of the animal room cage of the present invention is verified: According to the actual situation, a numerical calculation model was established, and experimental pigs were used as the research object. The size of the experimental pig animal room is 6.0m×3.0m×3.0m, and the size of the pig cage is 0.8m×1.2m×1.0m. The height of the manure trough is 0.8m, and the bottom of the manure trough is 0.5m from the ground. The size of the ceiling diffuser of the animal room is 0.3m×0.2m, and the size of the side wall exhaust vent is 0.4m×0.2m. The air supply effect of different air supply conditions in winter and summer is compared and analyzed. The air exchange rate in the room in winter and summer is 15 times / h, the air supply temperature in summer is 22℃, and the air supply temperature in winter is 25℃. The wall heat flux density in winter and summer is -20W / m 2 and 20W / m 2 There is an experimental pig in the pig cage. The model is based on the size of the pig corresponding to its weight of 20 kg. Its simplified size is 0.6 m×0.2 m×0.3 m (length×width×height), and the pig surface area is 0.48 m 2 , the surface temperature is 34°C. Ammonia is set to be emitted from the bottom of the pig cage, and its emission is 6g / (head·d).

[0047] ANSYS Fluent 2022R1 software was used to simulate and calculate the airflow organization and indoor pollutant removal effect of the present invention. Due to the turbulent characteristics of the ventilated room, the verified SST k - ω The turbulence model is used for numerical calculations, and the multi-material transport model is used to simulate the diffusion of NH3 in the computational domain. The finite volume method (FVM) is used to discretize the control equations, the convection term adopts the second-order upwind scheme, and the discrete equations are solved using the SIMPLE algorithm. When the residuals of the continuity equation, momentum equation, and turbulence equation are all less than 10 -3 , the residuals of the energy equation and the component transport equation are less than 10 -6 When , the control equation is considered to converge. At a height of Z = 2.3m above the ground, local measurement is performed and the following is obtained: Fig. 9 (a) shows the summer velocity cloud diagram, such as Fig. 9 (b) The summer temperature cloud map shown, Fig. 9 (c) shows the winter velocity cloud map, such as Fig. 9 (d) Winter temperature cloud map shown.

[0048] At a height of Z = 2.3m above the ground, the ammonia concentration was measured and the results were as follows: Fig.10 (a) shows the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map, such as Fig.10 (b) shows the winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud map.

[0049] The ventilation mode of the present invention was compared with the airflow organization and pollutant removal effect of the experimental pig animal room under the traditional upper supply and upper exhaust mixed ventilation mode. The air supply volume and air supply temperature of the two ventilation modes are the same. In the upper supply and lower exhaust mixed ventilation mode, the air supply speed of the ceiling diffuser is 2.5 m / s. In the ventilation mode of the present invention, the air supply speed of the ceiling diffuser is 2.4m / s, and the air inlet pipe speed of the attached ejector is 3.5m / s. The velocity, temperature, and ammonia concentration distribution in the animal room under the traditional upper supply and lower exhaust mixed ventilation mode were further simulated. The ventilation mode of the present invention was locally measured at a height of Z=2.3m from the ground, and the following results were obtained: Fig.11 (a) shows the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map and Fig.11 (c) shows the winter ammonia concentration distribution cloud map, which is a local measurement of the traditional upward supply and upward exhaust mixed ventilation mode. Fig.11 (b) shows the summer ammonia concentration distribution cloud map and Fig.11 (d) is the cloud map of ammonia concentration distribution in winter.

[0050] like Fig.12 As shown in (a), three monitoring points were selected in the breathing zone of the experimental pigs in each pig cage, and a total of 12 monitoring points were used to compare the pollutant concentrations. Fig.12 (c) and Fig.12 (d) shows the curve, Fig.12 (c) is the comparison of ammonia concentration at each monitoring point under different air supply modes in summer. Fig.12 (d) is a comparison of ammonia concentrations at various monitoring points under different air supply modes in winter. It is found that the air supply mode of the present invention has lower concentrations in different seasons.

[0051] In order to illustrate the environmental control effect of different ventilation modes in animal rooms, the pollutant removal efficiency in the respiratory zone was evaluated.

[0052] The pollutant removal efficiency (CRE) of the breathing zone is also called the regional air distribution efficiency. It is the ratio of the change in pollutant concentration between the air inlet and the air outlet to the change in pollutant concentration between the air inlet and the breathing zone. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0053] In the formula, C e is the pollutant concentration at the exhaust port, ppm; C s is the pollutant concentration at the air inlet, ppm; C b is the pollutant concentration in the breathing zone, ppm.

[0054] After analysis, the animal room cage ventilation device and ventilation system proposed by the present invention have good air supply effects in both winter and summer. Fig.12 As shown in (b), under the same air supply volume, the pollutant removal efficiency of the ventilation system of the present invention is improved by 47% in summer and 50% in winter compared with traditional mixed ventilation, and the wind speed field near the experimental pigs is more uniform and the temperature field is more stable, indicating that the animal room cage ventilation device of the present invention has a good ventilation effect and a high pollutant removal efficiency, which improves the breathing air quality of the experimental pigs.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An animal cage ventilation device, characterized in that: It comprises an air supply ejector (2) integrally connected to the side of an animal cage (1), an upper foldable metal plate (301) and a lower foldable metal plate (302); The air supply ejector (2) is a hollow box body, in which a first horizontal orifice plate (203) and a second horizontal orifice plate (204) are provided, and the hollow box body is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity; An air inlet hose (8) is connected to the side of the upper cavity, the upper side of the upper cavity is connected to the upper foldable metal plate (301), and the lower side of the lower cavity is connected to the lower foldable metal plate (302); A vertical perforated plate (202) close to the air inlet is provided in the upper cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity; An exhaust hose (10) is connected to the side of the manure trough at the bottom of the animal cage (1); On the inner side of the upper and lower cavities and close to the animal is an air outlet plate (205) with a plurality of holes; The air supply ejector (2) is connected to the side wall of the animal cage (1) via a sliding mechanism.

2. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet short pipe (201) is connected to the side of the upper cavity, an air volume regulating valve (7) is provided on the air inlet short pipe (201), and the air inlet short pipe (201) is in communication with an air inlet hose (8).

3. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust short pipe (9) is connected to the side of the manure trough at the lower part of the animal cage (1). The exhaust short pipe (9) is connected to the exhaust duct through an exhaust hose (10). A check valve (11) is installed on the exhaust duct.

4. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism comprises a gear (5) and a slide groove (4); the gear (5) is nested in the slide groove (4), the slide groove (4) is connected to the side wall of the air supply ejector (2), and the gear (5) is connected to a start-stop component (6) for controlling the rotation of the gear (5); As the gear (5) rotates, the slide groove (4) moves vertically, driving the air supply ejector (2) to move.

5. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture diameters of the apertures on the air inlet side of the first horizontal orifice plate (203) and the second horizontal orifice plate (204) are larger than the aperture diameters of the apertures on the rear end.

6. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second horizontal orifice plate (204) is located in the middle of the air supply ejector (2).

7. The animal room cage ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet velocity of the air outlet plate (205) is 0-0.2 m / s.

8. A ventilation method for an animal cage ventilation device according to claims 1-7, characterized in that: The air supply ejector (2) is adjusted to a suitable position by means of a sliding mechanism; The air supply air flows through the air inlet hose (8) and first enters the first cavity. After being blocked by the vertical orifice plate (202), a portion of the air flow directly enters the middle cavity, and another portion of the air flow enters the second cavity and then passes through the first horizontal orifice plate (203) and enters the middle cavity. The airflow in the middle cavity flows into the lower cavity through the second horizontal orifice plate (204); The airflow in the lower cavity enters the animal cage (1) through the air outlet plate (205).

9. A ventilation system, characterized in that: The ventilation system comprises a ceiling air supply duct (12), a ceiling air supply diffuser (13) and a side wall air outlet (14), and a plurality of animal room cage ventilation devices according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The ceiling air supply diffuser (13) is installed below the ceiling air supply duct (12); The ceiling air supply duct (12) is arranged in the upper ceiling of the room. The bottom of the ceiling air supply duct (12) is provided with a plurality of air outlets located above the animal cages. The air outlets are connected to the corresponding air supply ejectors (2) through air inlet hoses (8); the side wall air outlets (14) are connected to the exhaust duct. The air outlet at the bottom of the ceiling air supply duct (12) and the side wall air outlet (14) are both provided with regulating valves for independently adjusting the air volume.

10. A ventilation method based on the ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The process includes: The treated air flow is sent to the ceiling air supply duct (12) and then sent to each air supply ejector (2) and the ceiling air supply diffuser (13) through the air inlet hose (8); the polluted gas in the animal room is discharged into the exhaust duct through the exhaust hose (10) of the cage ventilation device of the animal room and the side wall exhaust port (14).

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