Integrated desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouting fluidized bed and operating method

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouting fluidized bed and a running method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and decarbonization. The fluidized bed is provided with a gas inlet at the bottom, a micro cyclone separator is arranged in the fluidized bed, a spouting bed gas inlet is communicated with a fluidized bed exhaust port, a micro cyclone separator exhaust port is communicated with the fluidized bed exhaust port, and the bottom of the micro cyclone separator is communicated with the outside. A calcium oxide feeding port is arranged at the lower end of the spouting bed, the top of the spouting bed is communicated with a cyclone separator gas inlet, a cyclone separator exhaust port is communicated with a calcining furnace inlet, and the calcining furnace is provided with a carbon dioxide discharge pipe. The intermittent fluidized bed is provided with a calcium hydroxide slurry inlet at the top, the calcium oxide feeding port is provided with a sealing cover, the calcining furnace outlet is communicated with a calcium oxide powder discharge pipe or a material guide pipe inlet, and the material guide pipe outlet is communicated with the lower end of the spouting bed. The continuous fluidized bed is provided with a liquid inlet at the top, the calcium oxide feeding port is an opening, the calcining furnace outlet is communicated with the material guide pipe inlet, and the material guide pipe outlet is communicated with the fluidized bed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and decarburization, and particularly relates to an external circulation spouted fluidized bed for separating desulfurization and decarburization particles and a running method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, coal is usually utilized by burning, which produces a large amount of sulfur dioxide acid gas and carbon dioxide greenhouse gas, and has a great negative impact on the environment and people's life, so the desulfurization and decarburization technology emerges as the times require.

[0003] There are many technologies for desulfurization, which can be divided into three categories: dry desulfurization, semi-dry desulfurization and wet desulfurization. The semi-dry desulfurization process is widely applied due to its advantages of low investment, small land occupation, low operation cost, no waste water discharge and the like. In terms of decarburization technology, it mainly includes absorption separation method, adsorption separation method, membrane separation method and low-temperature separation method and the like. The integrated desulfurization and decarburization technologies include flue gas step desulfurization and decarburization technology, flue gas combined desulfurization and decarburization technology and the like. The flue gas step desulfurization and decarburization technology is commonly used in plants, and the desulfurization and decarburization equipment also has corresponding development, which can be generally divided into fluidized bed, spouted bed, spouted-fluidized bed and spray tower and the like. These technologies and equipment can effectively solve part of the desulfurization and decarburization problems, but the desulfurization and decarburization efficiency still needs to be further improved.

[0004] In the integrated desulfurization and decarburization equipment so far, a part of the equipment adopts a method of removing sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide together, but sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide have a competitive relationship in the removal process, thereby reducing the desulfurization and decarburization efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides an external circulation spouted fluidized bed for separating desulfurization and decarburization particles and a running method, which solves the mutual competition problem in the integrated desulfurization and decarburization removal, and also solves the problem of high-purity recovery and reuse of the generated powder, and the process is still carried out in one equipment, thereby improving the desulfurization and decarburization efficiency.

[0006] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] The external circulation spouted fluidized bed for separating desulfurization and decarburization particles in an integrated intermittent manner comprises a fluidized bed, a micro cyclone separator, a spouted bed and a calcining furnace.

[0008] The bottom of the fluidized bed is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the fluidized bed is provided with a calcium hydroxide slurry inlet; the micro cyclone separator is installed in the interior of the fluidized bed; the air inlet of the spouted bed is in communication with the air outlet of the fluidized bed; the air outlet of the micro cyclone separator is in communication with the air outlet of the fluidized bed; and the bottom of the micro cyclone separator is in communication with the outside.

[0009] The lower end of the spouted bed is provided with a calcium oxide feeding port, the calcium oxide feeding port is provided with a sealing cover, the top of the spouted bed is communicated with the gas inlet of the cyclone separator, the gas outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the inlet of the calcining furnace, the calcining furnace is provided with a carbon dioxide discharge pipe, the outlet of the calcining furnace is communicated with the inlet of the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe or the material guide pipe, the outlet of the material guide pipe is communicated with the lower end of the spouted bed, and the outlet of the material guide pipe is lower than the inlet of the material guide pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the fluidized bed, the micro cyclone separator and the spouted bed are vertically distributed and the central axes are coincident, the cyclone separator and the calcining furnace are vertically distributed, the calcining furnace is in a tubular structure, the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe is located at the extension of the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace and the inner diameters of the two are the same, the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace is higher than the bottom of the spouted bed, and the inlet of the material guide pipe is connected to the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace.

[0011] Further, the fluidized bed comprises a first cylindrical section and a first circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the first circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the first cylindrical section, the height of the first cylindrical section is 4-6 times of the first circular truncated cone section, the first cylindrical section is horizontally arranged with a distributor of sieve structure at a position close to the first circular truncated cone section, the distributor is placed with silica particles, the inner diameter of the bottom of the first circular truncated cone section is smaller than that of the upper end, the bottom of the first circular truncated cone section is circumscribed with a horizontally distributed gas inlet pipe, and the inlet of the gas inlet pipe is a gas inlet;

[0012] The spouted bed comprises a second cylindrical section and a second circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the second circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the second cylindrical section, the height of the second cylindrical section is 1-1.2 times of the second circular truncated cone section, the inner diameter of the bottom of the second circular truncated cone section is smaller than that of the upper end, the micro cyclone separator comprises a third circular truncated cone section and a fourth circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the fourth circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the third circular truncated cone section, the inner diameter of the bottom of the third circular truncated cone section is 0.95-0.99 times of the upper end, the two sides of the third circular truncated cone section are symmetrically provided with a micro cyclone separator gas inlet, the micro cyclone separator gas inlet is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first cylindrical section, and the height of the third circular truncated cone section is 0.15-0.2 times of the fourth circular truncated cone section.

[0013] The upper end surface of the third circular truncated cone section is provided with a first circular through hole, the upper end surface of the first cylindrical section is provided with a second circular through hole, the upper end surface of the third circular truncated cone section is arranged in abutment with the top of the inner wall of the first cylindrical section, the bottom of the second circular truncated cone section is a gas inlet of the spouted bed, and the lower end surface of the second circular truncated cone section is arranged in abutment with the upper end surface of the first cylindrical section.

[0014] Further, the bottom of the fourth circular truncated cone section is circumscribed with a vertically distributed discharge pipe, the discharge pipe successively passes through the distributor, the first cylindrical section, the first circular truncated cone section and the gas inlet pipe and then deeply enters into a collecting tank.

[0015] Further, a feeding pipe is mounted on the center of the height of the second circular frustum, and a pipe opening of the feeding pipe is a calcium oxide feeding opening.

[0016] Further, the cyclone separator comprises a third cylinder segment, a fifth circular frustum segment and a tubular connecting segment, the upper end surface of the fifth circular frustum segment is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the third cylinder segment, the height of the fifth circular frustum segment is 1.5-2.0 times of the third cylinder segment, the upper end surface of the third cylinder segment is flush with the upper end surface of the second cylinder segment, the third cylinder segment and the second cylinder segment are communicated through a cuboid pipeline, the upper end of the connecting segment is communicated with the bottom of the fifth circular frustum segment, the lower end of the connecting segment is communicated with the inlet of the calcining furnace, and the connecting segment is obliquely distributed.

[0017] Further, the outer wall of the calcining furnace is wound with heating wires, and the inner wall of the calcining furnace is fixed with a plurality of staggered and parallel baffles, the inclination of each baffle is the same, the upper end of the uppermost baffle is located at the opening of the calcining furnace, the inclination of the uppermost baffle is the same as that of the connecting segment, the upper end of each baffle is spaced from the lower end of the previous baffle, the lower end of each baffle is spaced from the inner wall of the calcining furnace, the outer wall of the calcining furnace is uniformly provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide discharge pipes from top to bottom, and a filter screen is installed in each carbon dioxide discharge pipe.

[0018] The operation method of the integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1, mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide enters the fluidized bed from the gas inlet, calcium hydroxide slurry enters the fluidized bed from the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet to react with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder, and the calcium sulfite powder enters the micro cyclone separator with the flue gas and falls into the outside from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator to realize the separation of sulfur dioxide;

[0020] S2, the mixed flue gas after the separation of sulfur dioxide is discharged from the micro cyclone separator exhaust port to the spouted bed through the fluidized bed exhaust port, calcium oxide powder enters the spouted bed from the calcium oxide feeding opening, then the sealing cover is closed, the calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder, then the calcium carbonate powder enters the cyclone separator with the gas flow for gas-solid separation, the mixed gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace, generates calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas after high-temperature calcination, the generated calcium oxide powder enters the spouted bed through the guide pipe under the action of gravity, and the carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe;

[0021] S3, the reaction generated calcium oxide powder is separated and recovered according to the process of S2 to separate and recover carbon dioxide in the mixed flue gas of sulfur dioxide in the spouted bed, when the calcium oxide powder added in S2 is invalid, the reaction generated calcium oxide powder is discharged from the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe, calcium oxide powder is added again from the calcium oxide feeding port, and intermittent desulfurization, decarburization and particle separation are carried out according to the processes of S2 and S3.

[0022] The integrated continuous desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed is based on the integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed in any one of the above, and the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet is replaced by a liquid inlet, the calcium oxide feeding port is an opening, the outlet of the calcining furnace is communicated with the inlet of the guide pipe, and the outlet of the guide pipe is communicated with the fluidized bed.

[0023] The integrated continuous desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed operation method comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1, mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide enters the fluidized bed from the gas inlet, calcium hydroxide slurry enters the fluidized bed from the liquid inlet and reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder, and the calcium sulfite powder enters the micro cyclone separator with the smoke body, and the sulfur dioxide is separated from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator;

[0025] S2, the mixed flue gas separated from sulfur dioxide is discharged from the micro cyclone separator exhaust port to the spouted bed through the fluidized bed exhaust port, calcium oxide powder enters the spouted bed from the calcium oxide feeding port, calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder, and then the calcium carbonate powder enters the cyclone separator with the gas flow for gas-solid separation, and the mixed gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator;

[0026] S3, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace during the falling process, and generates calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas after high-temperature calcination, the reaction generated carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe, and the calcium oxide powder enters the fluidized bed through the guide pipe under the action of gravity, and water is added from the liquid inlet, the water and the calcium oxide powder react to generate calcium hydroxide slurry for desulfurization in S1, and continuous desulfurization, decarburization and particle separation are carried out according to the processes of S2 and S3.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] The application relates to an external circulation spouting fluidized bed for integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation, which comprises the following steps: carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide mixed flue gas enters the fluidized bed from a gas inlet; calcium hydroxide slurry enters the fluidized bed from a feeding port and reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder; the calcium sulfite powder enters a micro cyclone separator in the fluidized bed along with the gas, and the calcium sulfite powder falls to the outside under the action of gravity and is collected; the micro cyclone separator can effectively separate the calcium sulfite powder, avoiding the adverse effect of the calcium sulfite powder on decarbonization; the gas is discharged from the micro cyclone separator and enters the spouting bed through a gas outlet of the fluidized bed, and the calcium oxide powder entering from a calcium oxide feeding port reacts with the carbon dioxide at high temperature to generate calcium carbonate, which enters the cyclone separator along with the gas flow for gas-solid separation; the mixed gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator, and the calcium carbonate powder falls into a calcining furnace and is calcined at high temperature to generate calcium oxide powder; the generated calcium oxide powder enters the spouting bed through a guide pipe under the action of gravity; meanwhile, the carbon dioxide discharge pipe can recover carbon dioxide gas; when the added calcium oxide powder is invalid, the generated calcium oxide powder is discharged from a calcium oxide powder discharge pipe, and the calcium oxide powder is added again from the calcium oxide feeding port, so that intermittent desulfurization, decarbonization and particle separation can be carried out for a long time; the desulfurization and decarbonization processes can be effectively separated, and the two processes are still completed in one device, avoiding the competition relationship in the previous desulfurization and decarbonization processes in other devices; the mutual inhibition problem of desulfurization and decarbonization is solved once and for all, and the desulfurization and decarbonization efficiency is obviously improved; after the external circulation spouting fluidized bed stops running, a small amount of calcium carbonate can be recovered at high purity, the calcium carbonate is calcined at high temperature to generate calcium oxide powder and high-concentration carbon dioxide, the calcium carbonate is an intermediate product in the whole process, the final product is calcium sulfite and high-concentration carbon dioxide, the device process is simplified, and the total investment is reduced.

[0029] The external circulation spouted fluidized bed for continuous desulfurization and decarbonization and particle separation of the application has the same technical effect as the external circulation spouted fluidized bed for intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization and particle separation, and the difference is that the means for realizing the effect is slightly different, but the first and intermittent external circulation spouted fluidized bed is the same, that is, calcium hydroxide slurry is added from the liquid inlet to react with sulfur dioxide until calcium carbonate powder is generated, at which time the liquid inlet starts to switch to water, and the water and calcium oxide powder are mixed into calcium hydroxide slurry to perform the above-mentioned desulfurization process, and correspondingly, calcium oxide is added again in the calcium oxide feeding port to perform the second decarbonization reaction, so as to achieve continuous desulfurization, decarbonization and particle separation, which can effectively separate the desulfurization and decarbonization processes, and the two processes are still completed in one device, avoiding the competition relationship in the previous desulfurization and decarbonization in other devices, solving the problem of mutual inhibition of desulfurization and decarbonization at one time, and obviously improving the efficiency of desulfurization and decarbonization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed of the application.

[0031] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the calcining furnace in Figure 1 .

[0032] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the continuous desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed of the application.

[0033] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the calcining furnace in Figure 3 .

[0034] Figure 5 The top view of the multi-stage calcining furnace in Figure 1 .

[0035] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the baffle.

[0036] In the figure: air inlet 1; fluidized bed 2; distributor 3; SiO2 particles 4; calcium hydroxide slurry inlet 5; micro cyclone separator 6; discharge pipe 7; collection tank 8; spouted bed 9; calcium oxide feeding port 10; cyclone separator 11; baffle 12; first valve 13; calcium oxide powder discharge pipe 14; exhaust port 15; heating wire 16; micro cyclone separator air inlet 17; micro cyclone separator air outlet 18; second valve 19; sealing cover 20; carbon dioxide discharge pipe 21; filter screen 22; calcining furnace 23; material guide pipe 24; liquid inlet 25; CaSO3 powder 26; Ca(OH)2 slurry 27; CaCO3 particles 28; CaO particles 29; water 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] For the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the present application, a more complete description of the present application will be given below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below. The purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0038] Embodiment one

[0039] The present application is an integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed, the structure of which is shown in Figure 1 , comprising a fluidized bed 2, a micro cyclone separator 6 (mainly separating calcium sulfite), a spouted bed 9 (mainly performing decarbonization), a cyclone separator 11 (mainly discharging mixed gas and separating calcium carbonate powder), and a calcining furnace 23 (multi-stage structure, mainly generating high-concentration carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide powder).

[0040] The bottom of the fluidized bed 2 is provided with an air inlet 1, through which flue gas enters the fluidized bed 2. The top of the fluidized bed 2 is provided with a calcium hydroxide slurry inlet 5, which facilitates the downward flow of calcium hydroxide slurry and the removal of sulfur dioxide. The micro cyclone separator 6 is installed inside the fluidized bed 2. The exhaust port of the micro cyclone separator 6 is in communication with the exhaust port of the fluidized bed 2. The air inlet of the spouted bed 9 is in communication with the exhaust port of the fluidized bed 2. The bottom of the micro cyclone separator 6 is in communication with the outside. The lower end of the spouted bed 9 is provided with a calcium oxide feeding port 10, which is provided with a sealing cover 20. The top of the spouted bed 9 is in communication with the air inlet of the cyclone separator 11. The top of the cyclone separator 11 is provided with an exhaust port 15 by welding. The exhaust port of the cyclone separator 11 is in communication with the inlet of the calcining furnace 23. A carbon dioxide discharge pipe 21 is provided on the calcining furnace 23. The outlet of the calcining furnace 23 is in communication with the inlet of a material guide pipe 24 or a calcium oxide powder discharge pipe 14 through a first valve 13. The outlet of the material guide pipe 24 is in communication with the lower end of the spouted bed 9. The outlet of the material guide pipe 24 is lower than the inlet of the material guide pipe 24. Specifically, during installation, the fluidized bed 2, the micro cyclone separator 6, and the spouted bed 9 are vertically distributed and the central axes coincide. The cyclone separator 11 and the calcining furnace 23 are vertically distributed. The calcining furnace 23 is designed in a tubular structure. The calcium oxide powder discharge pipe 14 is located at the extension of the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace 23 and has the same inner diameter as the lower pipe opening. The lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace 23 is higher than the bottom of the spouted bed 9. The first valve 13 is located at the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace 23. The inlet of the material guide pipe 24 is connected to the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace 23. The lower end (outlet) of the material guide pipe 24 is close to the bottom of the spouted bed 9. By controlling the first valve 13, the powder can be controlled to enter the spouted bed 9 from the material guide pipe 24 or to be discharged from the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe 14.

[0041] The fluidized bed 2 specifically comprises a first cylindrical section and a first circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the first circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the first cylindrical section, the height of the first cylindrical section is 4-6 times of the height of the first circular truncated cone section, a distributor 3 with a screen structure is horizontally welded at the position close to the first circular truncated cone section of the first cylindrical section, the distributor 3 is placed with silica particles 4, then the silica particles 4 will circulate with the gas to improve the mass transfer efficiency, the bottom of the first circular truncated cone section has a smaller inner diameter than the upper end thereof, and the bottom of the first circular truncated cone section is externally connected with a horizontally distributed gas inlet pipe, so that the gas inlet 1 is the inlet of the gas inlet pipe. The spouted bed 9 specifically comprises a second cylindrical section and a second circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the second circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the second cylindrical section, the height of the second cylindrical section is 1-1.2 times of the height of the second circular truncated cone section, and the bottom of the second circular truncated cone section has a smaller inner diameter than the upper end thereof. The micro cyclone separator 6 specifically comprises a third circular truncated cone section and a fourth circular truncated cone section, the upper end surface of the fourth circular truncated cone section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the third circular truncated cone section, the bottom of the third circular truncated cone section has an inner diameter of 0.95-0.99 times of the upper end thereof, the two sides of the third circular truncated cone section are symmetrically provided with a micro cyclone separator gas inlet 17 which is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first cylindrical section, the height of the third circular truncated cone section is 0.15-0.2 times of the height of the fourth circular truncated cone section, a first circular through hole is formed in the upper end surface of the third circular truncated cone section, a second circular through hole is formed in the upper end surface of the first cylindrical section, and the upper end surface of the third circular truncated cone section is attached to the top of the inner wall of the first cylindrical section by welding, so as to facilitate the discharge of the gas flow into the spouted bed 9 and reduce the loss of the silica particles 4, the bottom of the second circular truncated cone section is the gas inlet of the spouted bed 9, the lower end surface of the second circular truncated cone section is attached to the upper end surface of the first cylindrical section by welding, and the outer edge of the lower end surface of the second circular truncated cone section is aligned with the edge of the first circular through hole and the edge of the second circular through hole before welding, so that the gas flow enters the spouted bed 9 through the through holes.

[0042] The bottom of the fourth circular truncated cone section is externally connected with a vertically distributed discharge pipe 7, the discharge pipe 7 needs to pass through the distributor 3, the first cylindrical section, the first circular truncated cone section and the gas inlet pipe in sequence and then deeply enter the collecting tank 8, so as to collect the calcium sulfite powder generated by the reaction of calcium hydroxide slurry and sulfur dioxide, and the vertical discharging can avoid blockage. A feeding pipe is welded on one side of the height center of the second circular truncated cone section, the pipe opening of the feeding pipe is a calcium oxide feeding port 10, a sealing cover 20 is hinged on the calcium oxide feeding port 10, and a second valve 19 is installed at the position close to the calcium oxide feeding port 10 for intermittent feeding.

[0043] The cyclone separator 11 specifically comprises a third cylindrical section, a fifth circular frustum section and a tubular connecting section, the upper end surface of the fifth circular frustum section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the third cylindrical section, the height of the fifth circular frustum section is 1.5-2.0 times of the third cylindrical section, the upper end surface of the third cylindrical section is flush with the upper end surface of the second cylindrical section, the third cylindrical section is communicated with the second cylindrical section through a cuboid pipeline, the upper end of the connecting section is communicated with the bottom of the fifth circular frustum section, the lower end of the connecting section is communicated with the inlet of the calcining furnace 23, and the connecting section is obliquely arranged. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown in the drawings, the inner wall of the calcining furnace 23 is fixed with a plurality of staggered and parallel baffles 12 in a welding manner, the structure of the baffle 12 is shown in the drawings, Figure 6 the upper end of the uppermost baffle 12 is located at the opening of the calcining furnace 23, the inclination of each baffle 12 is the same, the inclination of the uppermost baffle 12 is the same as that of the connecting section, the upper end of each baffle 12 is spaced from the lower end of the previous baffle 12, and the lower end of each baffle 12 is spaced from the inner wall of the calcining furnace 23, the calcium carbonate powder is heated in the downward process, the baffle 12 slows down the downward speed of the powder and prolongs the calcining residence time, so that the calcium carbonate can be fully decomposed at high temperature, the outer wall of the calcining furnace 23 is uniformly provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide discharge pipes 21 from top to bottom, the concentration of carbon dioxide gas at different heights is different, and a filter screen 22 is installed in each carbon dioxide discharge pipe 21, and high-concentration carbon dioxide can be collected from the pipe openings of the carbon dioxide discharge pipes 21 in stages after filtration.

[0044] The operation method of the integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed specifically comprises the following steps.

[0045] Step 1: The mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide enters from the gas inlet 1, enters the fluidized bed 2 filled with silica particles 4 after passing through the distributor, the calcium hydroxide slurry enters the fluidized bed from the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet 5 and reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder, and the calcium sulfite powder enters the micro cyclone separator 6 with the flue gas, and falls into the collection tank 8 from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator 6 to realize the separation of sulfur dioxide.

[0046] Step 2: The mixed flue gas and silica particles 4 separated from sulfur dioxide are discharged from the micro cyclone separator exhaust port 18 to the spouted bed 9 through the exhaust port of the fluidized bed 2, the calcium oxide powder enters the spouted bed 9 from the calcium oxide feeding port 10, and then the sealing cover 20 is closed, and the calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder.

[0047] Step 3, after the gas flow carrying the silica particles 4, calcium oxide and calcium carbonate powder upwards to the top of the spouted bed 9, enters the cyclone 11 for gas-solid separation, the mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust port 15 at the top of the cyclone 11, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace 23, and the calcium carbonate powder is generated after high-temperature calcination, and the calcium oxide powder and the carbon dioxide gas are generated, the inclined baffle increases the residence time of the calcium carbonate powder, and the calcium carbonate is fully reacted, and the reaction generates the calcium oxide powder and the silica particles 4 under the action of gravity, which enter the spouted bed 9 through the guide pipe 24 for circulation, and the carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 21.

[0048] Step 4, the reaction generated calcium oxide powder separates and recovers the carbon dioxide in the mixed flue gas of the spouted bed 9 according to the processes of steps 2 and 3, when the calcium oxide powder added in step 2 is invalid, the reaction generated calcium oxide powder is discharged from the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe 14, the calcium oxide powder is added again from the calcium oxide feeding port 10, and the intermittent desulfurization, decarburization and particle separation are carried out according to the processes of steps 2-4.

[0049] Embodiment two

[0050] The application is an integrated continuous desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed, as shown in Figure 3 The base structure is basically the same as that of the intermittent desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed, Figure 4 The particle composition is the same as that of Figure 2 , but there are inevitably differences in distribution during operation, so the Figure 4 is drawn again, and there are three differences:

[0051] First, the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet 5 is replaced by the liquid inlet 25, and the calcium hydroxide slurry is added first, and then only water is added;

[0052] Second, the calcium oxide feeding port 10 is open, and the calcium oxide feeding port 10 does not need to be hingedly sealed with the sealing cover 20;

[0053] Third, the outlet of the calcining furnace 23 only communicates with the inlet of the guide pipe 24, the outlet of the guide pipe 24 communicates with the fluidized bed 2, instead of the spouted bed 9, so there is no first valve 13 located at the lower pipe port of the calcining furnace 23 and the lower end (outlet) of the guide pipe 24 close to the bottom of the spouted bed 9.

[0054] The application is an integrated continuous desulfurization and decarburization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed, and the operation method comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1, the mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide enters the fluidized bed 2 from the gas inlet 1, at this time the calcium hydroxide slurry is added into the fluidized bed from the liquid inlet 25 to react with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder, the calcium sulfite powder enters the micro cyclone separator 6 with the flue gas, and falls into the collection tank 8 from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator 6 to realize the separation of sulfur dioxide.

[0056] Step 2, the mixed flue gas and silicon dioxide particles 4 separated from sulfur dioxide are discharged from the exhaust port 18 of the micro cyclone separator to the spouted bed 9 through the exhaust port of the fluidized bed 2, the calcium oxide powder enters the spouted bed 9 from the calcium oxide feeding port 10, the calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder, and then the gas flow carries the silicon dioxide particles 4, calcium oxide and calcium carbonate powder upwards to the top of the spouted bed 9, and then enters the cyclone separator 11 for gas-solid separation, and the mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust port 15 at the top of the cyclone separator 11.

[0057] Step 3, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace 23, and generates calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas after high-temperature calcination, the inclined baffle increases the residence time of the calcium carbonate powder, so that the calcium carbonate is fully reacted, the generated carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe 21, and the calcium oxide powder and silicon dioxide particles 4 enter the fluidized bed 2 through the guide pipe 24 under the action of gravity to circulate, at this time water needs to be added from the liquid inlet 25, the water and the calcium oxide powder react to generate calcium hydroxide slurry for desulfurization in step 1, and then the processes of steps 2 and 3 are continuously carried out for desulfurization, decarburization and particle separation.

[0058] The above only describes the best embodiment of the present application, but cannot be understood as a limitation on the claims. The present application is not limited to the above embodiment, and the specific structure allows changes. Any changes made within the protection scope of the independent claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application.

Claims

1. An external loop spout fluidized bed for integrated batch desulfurization and decarbonization particulate separation, characterized in that, It comprises a fluidized bed (2), a micro cyclone (6), a spouted bed (9) and a calcining furnace (23): The bottom of the fluidized bed (2) is provided with an air inlet (1), and the top of the fluidized bed (2) is provided with a calcium hydroxide slurry inlet (5); the micro cyclone (6) is installed in the interior of the fluidized bed (2); the air inlet of the spouted bed (9) is communicated with the air outlet of the fluidized bed (2); the air outlet of the micro cyclone is communicated with the air outlet of the fluidized bed (2); the bottom of the micro cyclone (6) is communicated with the outside; The lower end of the spouted bed (9) is provided with a calcium oxide feeding port (10), and the calcium oxide feeding port (10) is provided with a sealing cover (20); the top of the spouted bed (9) is communicated with the air inlet of a cyclone separator (11); the air outlet of the cyclone separator (11) is communicated with the inlet of the calcining furnace (23); the calcining furnace (23) is provided with a carbon dioxide discharge pipe (21); the outlet of the calcining furnace (23) is communicated with the inlet of a calcium oxide powder discharge pipe (14) or a material guide pipe (24); the outlet of the material guide pipe (24) is communicated with the lower end of the spouted bed (9); and the outlet of the material guide pipe (24) is lower than the inlet of the material guide pipe (24).

2. The external-circulation spouted fluidized bed of integrated batchy desulfurization and decarburization particulate separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluidized bed (2), the micro cyclone (6) and the spouted bed (9) are vertically distributed and the central axes coincide; the cyclone separator (11) and the calcining furnace (23) are vertically distributed; the calcining furnace (23) is in a tubular structure; the calcium oxide powder discharge pipe (14) is located at the extension of the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace (23) and has the same inner diameter as the lower pipe opening; the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace (23) is higher than the bottom of the spouted bed (9); and the inlet of the material guide pipe (24) is connected to the lower pipe opening of the calcining furnace (23).

3. The externally-circulated spouted fluidized bed of integrated batchy desulfurization and decarbonization particulate separation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fluidized bed (2) comprises a first cylindrical section and a first circular frustum section; the upper end surface of the first circular frustum section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the first cylindrical section; the height of the first cylindrical section is 4-6 times the height of the first circular frustum section; the first cylindrical section is horizontally arranged with a distributor (3) of a screen structure at a position close to the first circular frustum section; the distributor (3) is placed with silicon dioxide particles (4); the inner diameter of the bottom of the first circular frustum section is smaller than the upper end; the bottom of the first circular frustum section is externally connected with a horizontally distributed air inlet pipe; and the inlet of the air inlet pipe is the air inlet (1); The spouted bed (9) comprises a second cylindrical section and a second circular frustum section; the upper end surface of the second circular frustum section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the second cylindrical section; the height of the second cylindrical section is 1-1.2 times the height of the second circular frustum section; the inner diameter of the bottom of the second circular frustum section is smaller than the upper end; the micro cyclone (6) comprises a third circular frustum section and a fourth circular frustum section; the upper end surface of the fourth circular frustum section is smoothly connected with the lower end surface of the third circular frustum section; the inner diameter of the bottom of the third circular frustum section is 0.95-0.99 times the inner diameter of the upper end; the two sides of the third circular frustum section are symmetrically provided with micro cyclone air inlets (17); the micro cyclone air inlets (17) are spaced apart from the inner wall of the first cylindrical section; and the height of the third circular frustum section is 0.15-0.2 times the height of the fourth circular frustum section. The upper end face of the third circular frustum section is provided with a first circular through hole, and the upper end face of the first circular cylinder section is provided with a second circular through hole. The upper end face of the third circular frustum section is attached to the top of the inner wall of the first circular cylinder section. The bottom of the second circular frustum section is the gas inlet of the spouted bed (9). The lower end face of the second circular frustum section is attached to the upper end face of the first circular cylinder section. The outer edge of the lower end face of the second circular frustum section is aligned with the edge of the first circular through hole and the edge of the second circular through hole.

4. The externally-circulated spouted fluidized bed of integrated batchy desulfurization and decarbonization particulate separation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the fourth circular frustum section is externally provided with a vertically distributed discharge pipe (7). The discharge pipe (7) penetrates through the distributor (3), the first circular cylinder section, the first circular frustum section, and the gas inlet pipe in sequence and then extends into the collection tank (8).

5. The external-circulation spouted fluidized bed of integrated batchy desulfurization and decarburization particulate separation according to claim 3, characterized in that, A feeding pipe is installed on the height center side of the second circular frustum section. The pipe opening of the feeding pipe is the calcium oxide feeding port (10). A valve is installed at the position of the feeding pipe close to the calcium oxide feeding port (10).

6. The externally-circulated spouted fluidized bed of integrated batchy desulfurization and decarbonization particulate separation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cyclone separator (11) comprises a third circular cylinder section, a fifth circular frustum section, and a tubular connecting section. The upper end face of the fifth circular frustum section is smoothly connected with the lower end face of the third circular cylinder section. The height of the fifth circular frustum section is 1.5-2.0 times the height of the third circular cylinder section. The upper end face of the third circular cylinder section is flush with the upper end face of the second circular cylinder section. The third circular cylinder section and the second circular cylinder section are communicated through a cuboid pipe. The upper end of the connecting section is communicated with the bottom of the fifth circular frustum section. The lower end of the connecting section is communicated with the inlet of the calcining furnace (23). The connecting section is obliquely distributed.

7. The externally-circulated spouted fluidized bed of integrated batch-wise desulphurization and decarbonization particulate separation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall of the calcining furnace (23) is wound with heating wires (16). The inner wall of the calcining furnace (23) is fixed with a plurality of mutually staggered and parallel baffles (12). The inclination of each baffle (12) is the same. The upper end of the uppermost baffle (12) is located at the opening of the calcining furnace (23). The inclination of the uppermost baffle (12) is the same as that of the connecting section. There is a spacing between the upper end of each baffle (12) and the lower end of the previous baffle (12). There is a spacing between the lower end of each baffle (12) and the inner wall of the calcining furnace (23). The outer wall of the calcining furnace (23) is uniformly provided with a plurality of carbon dioxide discharge pipes (21) from top to bottom. A filter screen (22) is installed in each carbon dioxide discharge pipe (21).

8. The method of operating an integrated, batch, particulate separation, external recycle, spouted fluidized bed for desulfurization and decarburization according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide enters the fluidized bed (2) from the gas inlet (1). Calcium hydroxide slurry enters the fluidized bed from the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet (5) and reacts with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder. The calcium sulfite powder enters the micro cyclone separator (6) with the smoke body and falls into the outside world from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator (6), thereby separating sulfur dioxide; S2, the mixed flue gas containing sulfur dioxide is discharged from the exhaust port (18) of the micro cyclone separator to the spouted bed (9) through the exhaust port of the fluidized bed (2), the calcium oxide powder is introduced into the spouted bed (9) from the calcium oxide feeding port (10), then the sealing cover (20) is closed, the calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder, then the calcium carbonate powder enters the cyclone separator (11) with the airflow for gas-solid separation, the mixed gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator (11), the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace (23) in the process, and after high-temperature calcination, calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas are generated, the calcium oxide powder generated by the reaction is introduced into the spouted bed (9) through the guide pipe (24) under the action of gravity, and the carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe (21); S3, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace (23) in the process, and after high-temperature calcination, calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas are generated, the calcium oxide powder generated by the reaction is introduced into the spouted bed (9) through the guide pipe (24) under the action of gravity, and the carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe (21); 9. An external loop spout fluidized bed for integrated continuous desulfurization and decarbonization particulate separation, characterized in that, Based on any one of claims 1-7, the integrated intermittent desulfurization and decarbonization particle separation external circulation spouted fluidized bed, the calcium hydroxide slurry inlet (5) is replaced by a liquid inlet (25), the calcium oxide feeding port (10) is an opening, the outlet of the calcining furnace (23) is communicated with the inlet of the guide pipe (24), and the outlet of the guide pipe (24) is communicated with the fluidized bed (2).

10. The method of operating an integrated continuous devolatilizing and decarburizing particulate separation external loop spouted fluidized bed of claim 9 wherein, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the mixed flue gas containing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide is introduced into the fluidized bed (2) from the gas inlet (1), the calcium hydroxide slurry is introduced into the fluidized bed from the liquid inlet (25) to react with sulfur dioxide to generate calcium sulfite powder, and the calcium sulfite powder falls into the outside world from the bottom of the micro cyclone separator (6) to realize the separation of sulfur dioxide; S2, the mixed flue gas containing sulfur dioxide is discharged from the exhaust port (18) of the micro cyclone separator to the spouted bed (9) through the exhaust port of the fluidized bed (2), the calcium oxide powder is introduced into the spouted bed (9) from the calcium oxide feeding port (10), the calcium oxide powder reacts with carbon dioxide to generate calcium carbonate powder, and then the calcium carbonate powder enters the cyclone separator (11) with the airflow for gas-solid separation, and the mixed gas is discharged from the top of the cyclone separator (11); S3, the calcium carbonate powder falls into the calcining furnace (23) in the process, and after high-temperature calcination, calcium oxide powder and carbon dioxide gas are generated, the calcium oxide powder generated by the reaction is introduced into the spouted bed (9) through the guide pipe (24) under the action of gravity, and the carbon dioxide gas is recycled through the carbon dioxide discharge pipe (21);

Images