Aerogel composite insulation board as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and provides an aerogel composite insulation board as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The aerogel composite insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of an inorganic cementing material, 4.5 to 10 parts of polystyrene foam particles, 0.6 to 1.8 parts of silicon dioxide aerogel powder, 3 to 6 parts of silica sol and 80 to 110 parts of water, the inorganic cementing material comprises Portland cement, gypsum and calcium hydroxide. The aerogel composite insulation board is low in heat conductivity coefficient, high in compressive strength and excellent in fire resistance and flame retardance, meets the increasingly high building energy-saving and fireproof safety requirements at present, and is a novel building energy-saving insulation material with great development prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new materials technology, and in particular to an aerogel composite insulation board, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] As a major engine of global economic activity, the construction industry is the largest consumer of energy and emitter of CO2, accounting for 36% of global energy consumption and 39% of global CO2 emissions. To achieve sustainable development goals, the construction industry needs to reverse the trend of continuous growth in energy and carbon emissions, reducing building carbon emissions by 3% annually. Against this backdrop, the research and application of new high-performance thermal insulation materials and building envelopes play a crucial supporting role in building energy conservation and reducing building carbon emissions.

[0003] Currently, commonly used organic insulation materials in construction, such as polystyrene foam (EPS), extruded polystyrene board (XPS), and glass wool (GF), are lightweight, easy to mold, and have good thermal insulation properties. However, they also have drawbacks, including fire safety hazards, poor hydrophobicity, and poor durability. Commonly used inorganic insulation materials, such as glass fiber, mineral wool, and expanded perlite, while offering good fire resistance and high safety, suffer from high hygroscopicity and vapor permeability, limiting their engineering applications. Silica aerogel, as a nanoporous multifunctional inorganic solid material, possesses ultra-low thermal conductivity, fire resistance, non-combustibility, hydrophobicity, and lightweight properties, finding applications in aerospace, industry, and transportation. However, the poor mechanical properties of silica aerogel itself limit its further development, especially in the construction field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an aerogel composite insulation board, its preparation method, and its application. The aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention has excellent compressive strength, thermal conductivity, and fire retardancy.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an aerogel composite insulation board, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts inorganic cementitious material, 4.5-10 parts polystyrene foam particles, 0.6-1.8 parts silica aerogel powder, 3-6 parts silica sol, and 80-110 parts water; The inorganic cementitious materials include silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide is 6:3:1 to 2:7:1; the gypsum includes hemihydrate gypsum.

[0007] Preferably, the polystyrene foam particles include unmodified polystyrene foam particles and / or modified polystyrene foam particles, wherein the modified polystyrene foam particles include graphite-modified polystyrene foam particles. The bulk density of the polystyrene foam particles is 3~5 kg / m³. 3 ; The polystyrene foam particles have a particle size of 1.5~3mm.

[0008] Preferably, the specific surface area of ​​the silica aerogel powder is ≥600m². 2 / g, with an average pore size of 20~50nm.

[0009] Preferably, the silica sol contains ≥30% silica by mass, has a particle size of 10~30nm, and a pH of 9~10.

[0010] Preferably, the raw materials for preparation further include additives, which include water-reducing agents and polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the mass ratio of water-reducing agent to polyvinyl alcohol is 95:5, and the water-reducing agent includes one or more of polycarboxylate water-reducing agents, lignin sulfonate water-reducing agents and water-soluble resin sulfonate water-reducing agents; the mass of the additives is 5 to 10% of the mass of the inorganic cementitious material.

[0011] Preferably, each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of inorganic cementitious material, 1.5~2.0m³ of polystyrene foam particles. 3 0.6~1.8kg of silica aerogel powder, 3~6kg of silica sol, and 80~110kg of water.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: The inorganic cementitious material and silica aerogel powder are first mixed to obtain a dry mixture; After the dry mixture and water are mixed for the second time, silica sol is added for the third mixing to obtain a wet mixture; After the wet mixture and polystyrene foam particles are mixed, they are pressed and cured in sequence to obtain the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0013] Preferably, the compression ratio of the compression molding is 40-50%, and the holding time is 10-20 hours; The maintenance conditions include: a temperature of 15~40℃, a humidity of 40~80%, and a duration of 15 days or more.

[0014] This invention also provides the application of the aerogel composite insulation board described in the above technical solution or the aerogel composite insulation board prepared by the above technical solution in the construction field.

[0015] This invention provides an aerogel composite insulation board.

[0016] This invention fully utilizes the high specific surface area, high porosity, high thermal insulation efficiency, and fire retardancy of silica aerogel powder to prepare lightweight porous cement-based building insulation materials, namely aerogel composite insulation boards, for energy-saving insulation of building walls. Through optimization of raw materials and their content, this invention has developed aerogel composite insulation boards with low thermal conductivity, high compressive strength, and fire retardancy, meeting increasingly stringent requirements for building energy conservation and fire safety. It represents a promising new type of energy-saving building insulation material. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This invention provides an aerogel composite insulation board, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts inorganic cementitious material, 4.5-10 parts polystyrene foam particles, 0.6-1.8 parts silica aerogel powder, 3-6 parts silica sol, and 80-110 parts water; The inorganic cementitious materials include silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in this invention are preferably commercially available products.

[0019] The raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention, by weight, include 100 parts of inorganic cementitious material. In this invention, the inorganic cementitious material includes silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide. In this invention, the mass ratio of silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide is preferably 6:3:1 to 2:7:1, specifically preferably 6:3:1 or 2:7:1. In this invention, the silicate cement is specifically preferably PO425 cement. In this invention, the gypsum preferably includes hemihydrate gypsum. In this invention, the purity of the calcium hydroxide is preferably greater than or equal to 95%, specifically preferably 95%. In this invention, the inorganic cementitious material, including silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide, has a binding effect and can improve the strength of the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0020] The raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention, by weight, include 4.5 to 10 parts of polystyrene (EPS) foam particles, specifically preferably 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, or 10 parts. In this invention, the polystyrene foam particles preferably include unmodified polystyrene foam particles and / or modified polystyrene foam particles, more preferably unmodified polystyrene foam particles. In this invention, the modified polystyrene foam particles preferably include graphite-modified polystyrene foam particles. In this invention, the graphite-modified polystyrene foam particles can further impart fire resistance and further reduce the thermal conductivity, thereby improving the insulation performance. In this invention, the bulk density of the polystyrene foam particles is preferably 3 to 5 kg / m³. 3 Specifically, the preferred value is 3kg / m 3 3.5kg / m 3 4kg / m 3 4.5kg / m 3 Or 5kg / m 3 In this invention, the particle size of the polystyrene foam particles is preferably 1.5~3mm. In this invention, the polystyrene foam particles have the functions of skeletal filling and reducing thermal conductivity, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0021] The raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention, by weight, include 0.6 to 1.8 parts of silica aerogel powder, specifically preferably 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, or 1.8 parts. In this invention, the specific surface area of ​​the silica aerogel powder is preferably ≥600 m². 2 / g, further preferably 600~700m 2 / g, preferably 650m 2 / g; the average pore size is preferably 20~50nm, specifically 20nm, 30nm, 40nm or 50nm. In this invention, the silica aerogel powder has a porous characteristic, which can effectively extend the heat transfer path in the insulation board and improve the thermal insulation performance of the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0022] The raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention, by weight, include 3 to 6 parts of silica sol, preferably 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 5.5 parts, or 6 parts. In this invention, the silica sol preferably contains ≥30% silica by mass, more preferably 30 to 35%, preferably 30.5%; the particle size is preferably 10 to 30 nm, preferably 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, or 30 nm; and the pH is preferably 9 to 10. In this invention, the silica sol has a gelling effect, which can improve the compressive and tensile strength of the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0023] The raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by the present invention include 80-110 parts by weight, preferably 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, or 110 parts of water. In the present invention, the water is preferably tap water.

[0024] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board provided by this invention preferably further include additives, which preferably include water-reducing agents and polyvinyl alcohol. In this invention, the water-reducing agent preferably includes one or more of polycarboxylate-based water-reducing agents, lignin sulfonate-based water-reducing agents, and water-soluble resin sulfonate-based water-reducing agents. In this invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 100,000 to 150,000 g / mol. In this invention, the mass ratio of the water-reducing agent to polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 95:5. In this invention, the mass of the additive is preferably 5% to 10% of the mass of the inorganic cementitious material, specifically preferably 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, or 10%. In this invention, the water-reducing agent has a water-reducing effect, which can improve fluidity and increase strength; polyvinyl alcohol, as a binder, can improve the bonding strength and tensile strength of the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0025] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of inorganic cementitious material, 1.5~2.0m³ of polystyrene foam particles. 3 0.6~1.8kg of silica aerogel powder, 3~6kg of silica sol, and 80~100kg of water.

[0026] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board include 100 kg of inorganic cementitious material.

[0027] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board include 1.5~2.0 m³ of polystyrene foam particles. 3 Specifically, 1.5m is preferred. 3 1.6m 3 1.7m 31.8m 3 1.9m 3 or 2.0m 3 .

[0028] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board include 0.6~1.8 kg of silica aerogel powder, specifically preferably 0.6 kg, 0.7 kg, 0.8 kg, 0.9 kg, 1.0 kg, 1.1 kg, 1.2 kg, 1.3 kg, 1.4 kg, 1.5 kg, 1.6 kg, 1.7 kg or 1.8 kg.

[0029] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board include 3 to 6 kg of silica sol, preferably 3 kg, 3.5 kg, 4 kg, 4.5 kg, 5 kg, 5.5 kg or 6 kg.

[0030] In this invention, the raw materials for preparing each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board include 80-110 kg of water, preferably 80 kg, 85 kg, 90 kg, 95 kg, 100 kg, 105 kg or 110 kg.

[0031] In this invention, the resulting aerogel composite insulation board has low thermal conductivity, high compressive strength, and Class A fire resistance.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: The inorganic cementitious material and silica aerogel powder are first mixed to obtain a dry mixture; After the dry mixture and water are mixed for the second time, silica sol is added for the third mixing to obtain a wet mixture; After the wet mixture and polystyrene foam particles are mixed, they are pressed and cured in sequence to obtain the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0033] This invention involves first mixing inorganic cementitious materials and silica aerogel powder to obtain a dry mixture.

[0034] In this invention, the first mixing time is preferably 2-3 minutes, and the stirring speed is preferably 20-40 rpm, specifically 20 rpm, 25 rpm, 30 rpm, 35 rpm, or 40 rpm. In this invention, the first mixing is preferably carried out in a dry powder mixer.

[0035] In this invention, when the raw materials for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board preferably include additives, the additives are preferably first mixed with inorganic cementitious materials and silica aerogel powder.

[0036] After obtaining the dry mixture, the present invention mixes the dry mixture with water for a second time, and then adds silica sol for a third mixing to obtain a wet mixture.

[0037] In this invention, the second mixing time is preferably 3 to 5 minutes, more preferably 4 minutes; the rotation speed is preferably 15 to 40 rpm, specifically preferably 15 rpm, 20 rpm, 25 rpm, 30 rpm, 35 rpm or 40 rpm.

[0038] In this invention, the silica sol is preferably added slowly. The method of slow addition is not specifically limited; those skilled in the art can make conventional adjustments based on the real-time state of the reaction system (such as temperature and viscosity changes). Slow addition of the silica sol in this invention avoids excessive cross-linking and a sharp increase in viscosity caused by uneven dispersion.

[0039] In this invention, the third mixing time is 2-3 minutes, and the stirring speed is preferably 15-40 rpm, specifically 15 rpm, 20 rpm, 25 rpm, 30 rpm, 35 rpm or 40 rpm.

[0040] After obtaining the wet mixture, the present invention mixes the wet mixture with polystyrene foam particles in a fourth step, and then presses and cures them sequentially to obtain the aerogel composite insulation board.

[0041] In this invention, the fourth mixing time is preferably 60-120 min, more preferably 90 min; the stirring speed is preferably 30-40 rpm, more preferably 35 rpm. In this invention, the fourth mixing is preferably carried out in a horizontal mixer.

[0042] In this invention, the compression ratio of the pressing molding is preferably 40-50%, specifically preferably 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49% or 50%; the holding time is preferably 10-20h, specifically preferably 10h, 11h, 12h, 13h, 14h, 15h, 16h, 17h, 18h, 19h or 20h.

[0043] In this invention, the maintenance conditions include: a temperature preferably of 15-40°C, more preferably 20-35°C; a humidity preferably of 40-80%, more preferably 50-70%; and a time of 15 days or more, specifically preferably 20 days.

[0044] This invention also provides the application of the aerogel composite insulation board described in the above technical solution or the aerogel composite insulation board prepared by the above technical solution in the construction field.

[0045] In this invention, when the aerogel composite insulation board is applied in the construction field, it is preferably used as a building wall.

[0046] The present invention does not impose specific limitations on the application of the aerogel composite insulation board; any operation familiar to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0047] The following detailed description of the aerogel composite insulation board, its preparation method, and its application provided by the present invention, with reference to specific embodiments, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Commercially available silica (SiO2) aerogel powder was used, with the following technical parameters: specific surface area of ​​650 m² / g. 2 / g, average pore size 40nm; cement is PO425, gypsum is hemihydrate gypsum, calcium hydroxide purity is 95%; silica sol parameters are: SiO2 content 30.5wt%, particle size 15nm, pH 9; the additive is a mixture of water-reducing agent (polycarboxylate water-reducing agent) and polyvinyl alcohol (weight average molecular weight about 120000g / mol), with a mass ratio of water-reducing agent to polyvinyl alcohol of 95:5.

[0049] Example 1 The preparation process of aerogel composite insulation board is as follows: 60 kg of cement, 30 kg of gypsum, 10 kg of calcium hydroxide, 0.6 kg of silica aerogel powder, and 6 kg of additives were mixed in a dry powder mixer at 25 rpm for 3 minutes. The resulting dry mixture was then stirred at high speed at 40 rpm for 4 minutes to disperse 90 kg of tap water. The stirring speed was then reduced to 30 rpm, and 3 kg of silica sol was slowly added and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain a wet mixture. The wet mixture was then conveyed to a horizontal mixer and mixed with a 1.6 m... 3 The EPS foam granules were mixed at 35 rpm for 90 minutes, and the bulk density of the EPS foam granules was 5 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 3mm; the wet mixture is evenly coated on the surface of the EPS foam particles. After mixing, the material is placed in a special mold box and pressed into shape with a compression ratio of 45%. After standing for 10 hours, the sample is demolded. After demolding, the sample is cured for 20 days at a temperature of 25±2℃ and a humidity of 60±2% before being cut.

[0050] The density and compressive strength of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board were determined according to GB / T 5486-2018, and the thermal conductivity of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was determined according to GB / T10295-2008.

[0051] The result is that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board is 132 kg / m³. 3It has a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.48 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.8 MJ / kg.

[0052] Example 2 The preparation process of aerogel composite insulation board is as follows: 60 kg of cement, 30 kg of gypsum, 10 kg of calcium hydroxide, 1 kg of silica aerogel powder, and 6 kg of additives were mixed in a dry powder mixer at 25 rpm for 3 minutes. The resulting dry mixture was then stirred at high speed at 40 rpm for 4 minutes to disperse 90 kg of tap water. The stirring speed was then reduced to 30 rpm, and 5 kg of silica sol was slowly added and stirred for 3 minutes to obtain a wet mixture. The prepared wet mixture was then transferred to a horizontal mixer and mixed with a 1.6 m... 3 The EPS foam granules were mixed at 35 rpm for 90 minutes, and the bulk density of the EPS foam granules was 5 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 3mm; the wet mixture is evenly coated on the surface of the EPS foam particles. After mixing, the material is placed in a special mold box and pressed into shape with a compression ratio of 45%. After standing for 10 hours, the sample is demolded. After demolding, the sample is cured for 20 days at a temperature of 25±2℃ and a humidity of 60±2% before being cut.

[0053] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 133 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.042 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.50 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.7 MJ / kg.

[0054] Example 3 The preparation process of aerogel composite insulation board is as follows: 20 kg of cement, 70 kg of gypsum, 10 kg of calcium hydroxide, 1.8 kg of silica aerogel powder, and 6 kg of additives were mixed in a dry powder mixer at 25 rpm for 3 minutes. The resulting dry mixture was then stirred at 40 rpm for 4 minutes to disperse 100 kg of tap water. The stirring speed was then reduced to 30 rpm, and 5 kg of silica sol was slowly added and stirred for 3 minutes to obtain a wet mixture. The prepared wet mixture was then transferred to a horizontal mixer and mixed with a 1.6 m... 3 The EPS foam granules were mixed at 35 rpm for 90 minutes, and the bulk density of the EPS foam granules was 5 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 3mm; the wet mixture is evenly coated on the surface of the EPS foam particles. After mixing, the material is placed in a special mold box and pressed into shape with a compression ratio of 45%. After standing for 10 hours, the sample is demolded. After demolding, the sample is cured for 20 days at a temperature of 25±2℃ and a humidity of 60±2% before being cut.

[0055] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 133 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.039 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.33 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.7 MJ / kg.

[0056] Example 4 The preparation process of aerogel composite insulation board is as follows: 20 kg of cement, 70 kg of gypsum, 10 kg of calcium hydroxide, 1.8 kg of silica aerogel powder, and 6 kg of additives were mixed in a dry powder mixer at 25 rpm for 3 minutes. The resulting dry mixture was then stirred at 40 rpm for 4 minutes to disperse 110 kg of tap water. The stirring speed was then reduced to 30 rpm, and 6 kg of silica sol was slowly added, followed by stirring for 3 minutes to obtain a wet mixture. The prepared wet mixture was then transferred to a horizontal mixer and mixed with a 1.6 m... 3 The EPS foam granules were mixed at 35 rpm for 90 minutes, and the bulk density of the EPS foam granules was 5 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 3mm; the wet mixture is evenly coated on the surface of the EPS foam particles. After mixing, the material is placed in a special mold box and pressed into shape with a compression ratio of 45%. After standing for 10 hours, the sample is demolded. After demolding, the sample is cured for 20 days at a temperature of 25±2℃ and a humidity of 60±2% before being cut.

[0057] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 134 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.043 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.35 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.7 MJ / kg.

[0058] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that 100 kg of cement is added, but gypsum and calcium hydroxide are not added; otherwise, it is the same as Example 1.

[0059] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 132 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.048 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.45 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.8 MJ / kg.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that gypsum and calcium hydroxide are omitted, otherwise it is the same as Example 1.

[0061] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 90 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.042 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.15 MPa, and a calorific value of 4.2 MJ / kg.

[0062] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the silica sol is omitted, otherwise it is the same as Example 1.

[0063] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 131 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.046 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.35 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.8 MJ / kg.

[0064] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the mass of the silica sol was adjusted to 8 kg, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0065] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 134 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.046 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.50 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.7 MJ / kg.

[0066] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that polyvinyl alcohol in the additives is omitted; otherwise, it is the same as Example 1.

[0067] The performance of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was tested using the test method of Example 1. The results showed that the density of the obtained aerogel composite insulation board was 132 kg / m³. 3 It has a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W / (m·K), a compressive strength of 0.45 MPa, and a calorific value of 2.8 MJ / kg.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aerogel composite insulation board, characterized in that, The preparation materials include the following parts by weight: 100 parts inorganic cementitious material, 4.5-10 parts polystyrene foam particles, 0.6-1.8 parts silica aerogel powder, 3-6 parts silica sol, and 80-110 parts water; The inorganic cementitious materials include silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide.

2. The aerogel composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of silicate cement, gypsum, and calcium hydroxide is 6:3:1 to 2:7:1; the gypsum includes hemihydrate gypsum.

3. The aerogel composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polystyrene foam particles include unmodified polystyrene foam particles and / or modified polystyrene foam particles, wherein the modified polystyrene foam particles include graphite-modified polystyrene foam particles. The bulk density of the polystyrene foam particles is 3~5 kg / m³. 3 ; The polystyrene foam particles have a particle size of 1.5~3mm.

4. The aerogel composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific surface area of ​​the silica aerogel powder is ≥600 m². 2 / g, with an average pore size of 20~50nm.

5. The aerogel composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silica sol contains ≥30% silica by mass, has a particle size of 10~30nm, and a pH of 9~10.

6. The aerogel composite insulation board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials also include additives, which include water-reducing agents and polyvinyl alcohol, with a mass ratio of water-reducing agent to polyvinyl alcohol of 95:

5. The water-reducing agent includes one or more of polycarboxylate water-reducing agents, lignin sulfonate water-reducing agents, and water-soluble resin sulfonate water-reducing agents. The mass of the additives is 5 to 10% of the mass of the inorganic cementitious material.

7. The aerogel composite insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Each cubic meter of aerogel composite insulation board comprises the following raw materials: 100kg of inorganic cementitious material, 1.5~2.0m³ of polystyrene foam particles. 3 0.6~1.8kg of silica aerogel powder, 3~6kg of silica sol, and 80~110kg of water.

8. The method for preparing the aerogel composite insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The inorganic cementitious material and silica aerogel powder are first mixed to obtain a dry mixture; After the dry mixture and water are mixed for the second time, silica sol is added for the third mixing to obtain a wet mixture; After the wet mixture and polystyrene foam particles are mixed, they are pressed and cured in sequence to obtain the aerogel composite insulation board.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The compression ratio of the compression molding process is 40-50%, and the holding time is 10-20 hours. The maintenance conditions include: a temperature of 15~40℃, a humidity of 40~80%, and a duration of 15 days or more.

10. The application of the aerogel composite insulation board according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the aerogel composite insulation board prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 8 to 9 in the field of construction.