Feed formula method for improving growth and development of larvae and juveniles of micropterus salmoides

Abstract

The invention provides a feed formula method for improving growth and development of larvae and juveniles of micropterus salmoides by adding taurine. Based on the feed formula meeting the development nutritional requirements of the larvae of the micropterus salmoides, the taurine is added as a functional additive, the growth performance of the larvae of the micropterus salmoides can be remarkably improved after the feed formula is used for about 3 weeks, and the development of muscles and bones is effectively promoted. The yield of the largemouth bass is increased, the common problem of skeleton deformity in the larva stage can be effectively solved, meanwhile, the fry culture time is shortened, and the problem that the fry are short of supply is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fish feed, and in particular relates to a feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass fry. Background Art

[0002] Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), belonging to the order Perciformes, family Pseudocycetes, genus Micropterus, also known as California bass, is a wide-temperature fish. In the late 1970s, Taiwan Province of my country introduced largemouth bass from abroad. In 1983, artificial breeding was successful and introduced to Guangdong Province. It was first cultivated in Shunde, Guangdong. In recent years, due to the breakthrough and promotion of artificial feed for largemouth bass, the maturity of cold chain transportation technology and the expansion of consumer markets, largemouth bass has become one of the important economic farmed fish in my country. At present, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan and other provinces have become important breeding areas for largemouth bass.

[0003] As the scale of largemouth black bass farming in my country continues to expand, the demand for seedlings has also surged. However, the seedling stage faces many challenges: poor physique, late emergence, low feed digestion and absorption capacity, as well as bone deformities and low survival rates. These bottlenecks have seriously restricted the sustainable development of largemouth black bass farming and have become a difficult problem that the industry urgently needs to overcome. In this context, it is particularly urgent to improve the quality of largemouth black bass fry and promote their growth and development, thereby meeting the demand for seedlings. This is not only related to the healthy growth of individual fry and fry, but also directly affects the future direction and sustainable development of the largemouth black bass farming industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth seabass fry and fry by adding taurine, so as to solve the problems of late emergence, skeletal deformity and low survival rate of largemouth seabass fry and fry in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass fry by adding taurine, wherein the compound feed components and contents include:

[0006] Taurine 0-2.4%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.4-0%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%;

[0007] All percentages are by weight.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0009] Taurine, wherein the taurine is added to the compound feed for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass fry at 4.12 g / kg to 28.13 g / kg.

[0010] Further, its components and contents include:

[0011] Taurine 0.3%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.1%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%;

[0012] All percentages are by weight.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0014] Taurine was added to the feed formulation method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae at 7.74 g / kg.

[0015] Further, the premix comprises:

[0016] Vitamin premix 7.2%, mineral premix 0.7%, antioxidant 0.4%, antifungal 0.2%, attractant 5.5%, antagonist 86%;

[0017] The vitamin premix includes: vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, α-tocopherol acetate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Calcium Pantothenate, Folic Acid, Biotin;

[0018] Wherein, the mineral premix includes: CuSO4, FeSO4, MnSO4, ZnSO4, Ca(IO3)2, Na2SeO3, CoSO4;

[0019] Further, the antioxidant includes ethoxyquinoline and butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0020] The mildew inhibitor includes menadione nicotinamide sulfite;

[0021] The attractant comprises DL-methionine, L-lysine and inositol;

[0022] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the beneficial effects that can be achieved include:

[0023] The invention provides a feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth seabass fry and juveniles. Taurine is added as a functional additive, thereby significantly improving the growth performance of largemouth seabass fry and juveniles, and effectively promoting the development of muscles and bones. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be described in detail with the help of specific examples. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the examples listed are only intended to illustrate the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the present invention. For specific conditions not explicitly mentioned in the examples, it should be understood that they are performed according to industry routine or manufacturer recommended conditions. In addition, the reagents or instruments involved, if the manufacturer is not specifically specified, all refer to commercially available conventional products, which are easy to obtain.

[0025] Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a free sulfur-containing amino acid widely found in animal muscle, liver and other tissues. In clinical medicine, taurine has the effect of reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. In fish, taurine is involved in a variety of physiological processes (osmotic pressure regulation, appetite stimulation, nutritional metabolism, visual system regulation, muscle development, anti-oxidation and immune regulation). When fish lack taurine, it will lead to growth retardation, low survival rate, impaired antioxidant capacity and immune capacity. In addition, the ability of fish to synthesize taurine endogenously is usually limited and varies by species and developmental stage. Therefore, more and more researchers advocate the addition of taurine to aquatic feed. At present, research on taurine in the larval and juvenile stage is still relatively limited. Existing studies have shown that the addition of taurine to feed can significantly promote the healthy growth of larval and juvenile fish, and its demand is relatively high. At the same time, the larval and juvenile stage is a critical period for organ differentiation and development. Therefore, taurine plays an important role in the healthy growth and development of larval and juvenile fish.

[0026] The following is an introduction to the specific feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles provided in the examples of the present application.

[0027] The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles provided in the embodiments of the present application, the compound feed components and contents include:

[0028] Taurine 0-2.4%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.4-0%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%;

[0029] All percentages are by weight.

[0030] The examples also include:

[0031] Taurine, wherein the taurine is added to the compound feed for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass fry at 4.13 g / kg to 28.13 g / kg.

[0032] In the example, preferably, the compound feed components and contents include:

[0033] Taurine 0.3%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.1%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%;

[0034] All percentages are by weight.

[0035] Preferably, it also includes:

[0036] Taurine was added to the compound feed for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles at 7.74 g / kg.

[0037] In the example, the premix includes:

[0038] Vitamin premix 7.2%, mineral premix 0.7%, antioxidant 0.4%, antifungal 0.2%, attractant 5.5%, antagonist 86%;

[0039] The vitamin premix includes: vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, α-tocopherol acetate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Calcium Pantothenate, Folic Acid, Biotin;

[0040] Wherein, the mineral premix includes: CuSO4, FeSO4, MnSO4, ZnSO4, Ca(IO3)2, Na2SeO3, CoSO4;

[0041] Further, the antioxidant includes ethoxyquinoline and butylated hydroxytoluene;

[0042] The mildew inhibitor includes menadione nicotinamide sulfite;

[0043] The attractant comprises DL-methionine, L-lysine and inositol;

[0044] It is understandable that various other additives conventionally added in the art may be added to the feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth black bass larvae and fry described in the present application, as long as they do not significantly affect the effect of the feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth black bass larvae and fry of the present invention.

[0045] This application tests different levels of taurine addition. As a representative feed formula, its raw material composition and proportion are as follows:

[0046] Taurine 0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.4% (taurine addition level 0%), 2.25% (taurine addition level 0.15%), 2.1% (taurine addition level 0.3%), 1.8% (taurine addition level 0.6%), 1.2% (taurine addition level 1.2%), 0% (taurine addition level 2.4%), fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%; all percentages are weight percentages.

[0047] Among them, as a more preferred representative feed formula, its raw material composition and proportion are as follows: taurine 0.3%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.1% (taurine addition level 0.3%), fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%;

[0048] As a specific example, according to the feed formula in Table 1, 6 kinds of feeds with equal nitrogen and fat content were prepared, and were named Feed 1, Feed 2, Feed 3, Feed 4, Feed 5 and Feed 6, respectively. Among them, Feed 1 (taurine zero addition group) was used as a comparison, and Feeds 2 (taurine addition level 0.15%), 3 (taurine addition level 0.3%), 4 (taurine addition level 0.6%), 5 (taurine addition level 1.2%), and 6 (taurine addition level 2.4%) were used as experimental groups.

[0049] Table 1 Experimental feed formula and basic nutritional components

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] The following is an annotation of the superscripts in Table 1;

[0053] a : Fish meal, crude protein 69.33%, crude fat 8.44%; blood meal, crude protein 97.85%, crude fat 1.69%; Antarctic krill meal, crude protein 65.27%, crude fat 10.46%; defatted shrimp meal, crude protein 58.38%, crude fat 7.33%; pregelatinized starch, crude protein 64.35%, crude fat 5.19%; flour, crude protein 13.61%, crude fat 10.46%.

[0054] b: Vitamin premix 7.2%, mineral premix 0.7%, antioxidant 0.4%, antifungal agent 0.2%, attractant 5.5%, antagonist 86%;

[0055] The vitamin premix (mg / kg feed) includes: vitamin A acetate 1125, vitamin D3 375, α-tocopherol acetate 80, vitamin B1 10, vitamin B2 7.5, vitamin B6 17.5, vitamin B 12 0.015, vitamin C 140, niacinamide 37.5, calcium pantothenate 15, folic acid 1.25, biotin 0.125;

[0056] Wherein, the mineral premix (mg / kg feed) includes: CuSO45.75, FeSO455, MnSO412.5, ZnSO495, Ca(IO3)24, Na2SeO30.25, CoSO41;

[0057] Specific experimental process

[0058] a. Feeding process

[0059] The breeding experiment was carried out in a pond cage. Before formal breeding, the larvae and juveniles of largemouth black bass were temporarily kept in a 3.0×3.0×6.0m cage to adapt to the environment. After two weeks of temporary breeding, the formal breeding experiment began. The experiment used 18,000 healthy larvae and juveniles of largemouth black bass (initial weight: 367.53±0.05mg). After starvation for 24 hours, they were randomly distributed to 18 1.2×1.2×0.7m cages, with 1,000 larvae and juveniles placed in each cage. They were divided into 6 groups, and each group had 3 cages. During the breeding period, they were fed with food every morning, noon and evening (6:00, 11:00 and 18:30) for 3 weeks. During the breeding process, feces, residual bait and dead individuals in the water were regularly removed, and the number of deaths was recorded. During the experiment, the water quality conditions were maintained at: dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, temperature 26-28℃, pH 7.2-8.0.

[0060] b. Sample collection

[0061] At the end of the culture experiment, the larvae and juveniles were starved for 24 hours and anesthetized with MS-222 (50 mg / L) to weigh their body weight, body length, liver and visceral mass to evaluate growth performance. The dorsal muscles of 20 larvae and juveniles were collected from each cage and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining sections. In addition, the dorsal muscles and vertebrae of 100 larvae and juveniles in each cage were collected and stored at -80°C for real-time fluorescence detection and Western blot (WB).

[0062] c. Sample analysis

[0063] (i) Observation of muscle tissue morphology

[0064] The muscles were fixed by gradient dehydration of ethanol, washed with xylene, and then embedded in paraffin to make tissue sections with a thickness of 5 μm. The sections were stained with HE and sealed with neutral resin. The sections were observed under an optical microscope (SOPTOP EX31, Shunyu Optical Technology Co., Ltd., China). The muscle fiber diameter was measured using Image-Pro Plus software (Media Cybernetics, USA).

[0065] (ii) Real-time fluorescence detection

[0066] Total RNA was extracted from the vertebrae and muscles of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles using Trizol reagent (Beyotime, China). The RNA quality was tested by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the purity and concentration of total RNA were determined by a microspectrophotometer (Nano-400A, Hangzhou Aosheng Instrument Co., Ltd., China). TM The cDNA was reverse transcribed using the RTIII SuperMix withdsDNase (Two-Step) kit (Monna Bio, China). The target gene primer sequence was designed using Primer Premier 5.0 software (Premier, Canada) and synthesized by Beijing Qingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The target gene was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using the StepOnePlus real-time PCR system from Applied Biosystems, USA. The 20 μL qPCR reaction volume included 10 μL MonAmp TM ChemoHS qPCR mix (Mona Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China), 0.4 μL forward and reverse primers, 0.2 μL High ROX Dye (100×), 2 μL cDNA and 7 μL nuclease-free water. The program was set as follows: 95°C for 10 min, 95°C for 10 s, 60°C for 10 s, 72°C for 30 s, for a total of 40 cycles. β-actin was selected as the most stable internal reference gene according to the geNorm algorithm, and 2 -ΔΔCt Methods The relative expression of target genes was calculated.

[0067] (iii) Western blotting

[0068] Muscle protein was extracted using RIPA lysis buffer (Solarbio, China). Protein concentration was determined using a BCA detection kit (Beyotime, China). Proteins were separated using an SDS-PAGE gel rapid preparation kit (Beyotime, China) and subsequently transferred to a PVDF membrane. After blocking with 5% skim milk powder for 2 h, the membrane was incubated with a single antibody overnight at 4 °C. Then, the membrane was washed three times with TBST and then incubated with horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (A0208, 1:1000, Beyotime) for 1 h at room temperature. ECL (Beyotime, China) was used for development and Image-ProPlus software (Media Cybernetics, USA) was used for quantification. β-actin was used as an internal reference protein. The primary antibody information is as follows: MyoD (WL04662, 1:800, Wanle Bio, China) and β-actin (WL01372, 1:800, Wanle Bio, China).

[0069] d. Data analysis

[0070] The growth performance and body index calculation formulas are as follows:

[0071] Weight gain rate (WGR, %) = (final average weight g-initial average weight g) / initial average weight g×100;

[0072] Specific growth rate (SGR, % / d) = [ln (final average weight g) - ln (initial average weight g)] / 21 days × 100;

[0073] Survival rate (SR, %) = terminal number / initial number × 100;

[0074] Condition factor (CF, g / cm 3 ) = final body weight g / final body length 3 cm×100;

[0075] Viscerosomatic index (VSI, %) = visceral weight g / body weight g × 100;

[0076] Hepatosomatic index (HSI, %) = liver weight (g) / body weight (g) × 100.

[0077] All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). All data were tested for normality and homogeneity. One-way ANOVA combined with Tukey's test was used for multiple comparisons, and independent sample t-test was used for Western blotting. The significance level was 0.05, and the results were expressed as mean ± standard error (SEM).

[0078] e. Experimental results

[0079] (i) Growth performance

[0080] After feeding with feeds with different taurine supplementation levels, the growth performance results of largemouth seabass larvae and juveniles in each group are shown in Table 2 below.

[0081] Table 2 Effects of taurine on growth performance of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles

[0082]

[0083] Note: IBL, initial body length (cm); IBW, initial body weight (mg); FBL, final body length (cm); FBW, final body weight (g); WGR, weight gain rate (%); SGR, specific growth rate (% / day); SR, survival rate (%); CF, fatness (g / cm 3 ); VSI, viscera-to-body ratio (%); HSI, liver-to-body ratio (%); Data are expressed as mean ± standard error (N = 3); Values ​​with different superscript letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0084] The experimental results in Table 2 show that the addition of taurine to the feed had a significant effect on the final body weight (FBW), body weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) (P<0.05). In the 0.15%-1.2% (feed 2-5) taurine-added groups, FBW, WGR and SGR were significantly higher than those in the control group and the 2.4% group (feed 6), among which the 0.3% group (feed 3) reached the highest level (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the visceral-to-body ratio (VSI) of fry and juveniles in the 0.3%-2.4% groups (feed 3-6) was significantly reduced, reaching the lowest value in the 0.6% group (feed 4) (P<0.05). The liver-to-body ratio (HSI) showed a significant downward trend, and was the lowest in the 2.4% group (feed 6) (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of terminal body length (FBL), survival rate (SR) and condition factor (CF) (P>0.05).

[0085] (ii) Muscle histological observation

[0086] The results are as follows Figure 1As shown, based on the growth performance results of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles, the dorsal muscles of larvae and juveniles in three groups, 0% (control group), 0.3% (best growth group, feed 3) and 2.4% (high-dose group, feed 6), were selected to make cross-sectional H&E stained sections.

[0087] Based on the growth performance of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles, H&E-stained cross-sectional sections of the muscles of larvae and juveniles in the three groups of 0% (control group), 0.3% (best growth group, feed 3) and 2.4% (high dose group, feed 6) were selected ( Figure 1 A). The muscle fibers of the 0.3% group (feed 3) were more evenly arranged and the muscle fiber interface was generally larger. The quantification results of the average muscle fiber diameter based on muscle sections are shown in Figure 2-4 The results showed that the average muscle fiber diameter of the 0.3% taurine supplemented group (feed 3) was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in muscle fiber diameter between the control group and the 2.4% taurine supplemented group (feed 6) (P>0.05).

[0088] (iii) Expression of genes related to muscle development

[0089] Based on the growth performance and muscle section results of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles, three groups were selected: 0% (control group), 0.3% (optimal data group, feed 3) and 2.4% (high dose group, feed 6) for qPCR and Western blot analysis of muscle development-related genes. Figure 2 As shown. The expression of MHC, MLC, MEF2a, MyoG, Pax3a and Pax7 in the 0.3% (feed 3) and 2.4% (feed 6) groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of MHC, MLC, Pax3a and Pax7 between the two groups (P>0.05), while MEF2a and MyoG in the 0.3% group (feed 3) were significantly higher than those in the 2.4% group (feed 6) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of Pax3b, MEF2d and Myf6 among the groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the MyoD protein expression level in the 0.3% group (feed 3) was significantly increased ( Figure 3 )(P<0.05). In contrast, no significant difference was observed between the 2.4% group (feed 6) and the control group (P>0.05).

[0090] (iv) Expression of genes related to bone development

[0091] Based on the growth performance results of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles, three groups were selected for detection of bone development-related genes: 0% (control group), 0.3% (optimal data group, feed 3) and 2.4% (high dose group, feed 6). The results are as follows: Figure 4shown.

[0092] Expression of genes related to skeletal development in largemouth bass larvae and juveniles Figure 4 As shown. The mRNA levels of Runx2, Bmp4, Oc, Alp, and Slc6a6 in the 0.3% (feed 3) and 2.4% (feed 6) groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the expression of Runx2 and Bmp4 in the 0.3% group (feed 3) was significantly higher than that in the 2.4% group (feed 6) (P<0.05). In contrast, the expression of Slc6a6 in the 2.4% group (feed 6) was significantly increased compared with the 0.3% group (feed 3) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the mRNA level of Bmp2 among the groups (P>0.05).

[0093] A comprehensive analysis of the effects of different feed formula groups on the growth performance of largemouth seabass fry, muscle section observation, and the expression of genes related to muscle and bone development showed that feed 3 showed significant advantages. Specifically, feed 3 effectively promoted the growth of largemouth seabass fry, significantly enhanced the expression of genes related to muscle cell proliferation and differentiation, and then increased the diameter of muscle fibers; at the same time, it also significantly improved the expression level of bone cell differentiation and mineralization genes. These results show that the feed formula method of adding taurine adopted in the present invention has a significant effect on improving the growth and development of largemouth seabass fry. This is of great significance for solving the problems of late emergence and bone deformity faced in the current seedling stage.

[0094] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0095] Figure 1 :Histological analysis of muscle of larvae and juveniles of largemouth bass;

[0096] Figure 2 :Effects of taurine on the expression of genes related to muscle growth and development in larvae and juveniles of largemouth bass;

[0097] Figure 3 :Effects of taurine on MyoD expression in muscles of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles.

[0098] Figure 4 :Effects of taurine on the expression of genes related to skeletal development in larvae and juveniles of largemouth bass;

[0099] Legend:

[0100] Figure 1: A, cross-sectional sections of muscle tissue of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles (from left to right: H&E-stained sections of 0%, 0.3% and 2.4% groups, magnification 200×, scale bar: 100 μm); B, quantification of average muscle fiber diameter. M, muscle fiber; values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (N = 3); different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0101] Figure 2 :myosin light chain (MLC); myosin heavy chain (MHC); paired-homeobox transcription factor (Pax); myocyte enhancer factor (MEF); myoblastdeterminationprotein (MyoD); myogenin (MyoG); myogenicfactor 5 (Myf5); myogenic regulatory factor 6 (Myf6); myostatin (Mstn); Values ​​are expressed as mean±SE (N=3); Different letters on the same gene indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0102] Figure 3 : Myogenin (MyoG); Values ​​are expressed as mean±SD (N=3); *, P<0.05.

[0103] Figure 4 : bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp); alkaline phosphatase (alp); osteocalcin (Oc); runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2); taurine transporter (solute carrier family 6, member6, Slc6a6); Values ​​are expressed as mean ± standard error (N = 3); different letters on the same gene indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

Claims

1. A feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles, characterized in that: The compound feed components and contents include: Taurine 0-2.4%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.4-0%. All percentages are by weight.

2. The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound feed also includes: The actual measured range of taurine in feed is 4.13g / kg to 28.13g / kg.

3. The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound feed components and contents include: Taurine 0.3%, microcrystalline cellulose 2.1%, fish meal 55%, blood meal 6%, Antarctic krill meal 1%, defatted shrimp meal 8%, pregelatinized starch 7.5%, flour 7%, lecithin powder 7.65%, soybean oil 1.5%, monocalcium phosphate 1.2%, choline chloride 0.25%, premix 2.5%. All percentages are by weight.

4. The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compound feed also includes: Taurine was added to the feed formulation method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae at 7.74 g / kg.

5. The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The premix comprises: Vitamin premix 7.2%, mineral premix 0.7%, antioxidant 0.4%, antifungal agent 0.2%, attractant 5.5%, antagonist 86%. The vitamin premix includes: vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, α-tocopherol acetate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B 12 , Vitamin C, Niacinamide, Calcium Pantothenate, Folic Acid, Biotin. Wherein, the mineral premix includes: CuSO4, FeSO4, MnSO4, ZnSO4, Ca(IO3)2, Na2SeO3, CoSO4.

6. The feed formula method for improving the growth and development of largemouth bass larvae and juveniles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antioxidants include ethoxyquinoline and butylated hydroxytoluene; The mildew inhibitor includes menadione nicotinamide sulfite; The attractant comprises DL-methionine, L-lysine and inositol; The formulation ingredients are leveled to include microcrystalline cellulose.

Images