Photovoltaic module front plate and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module front plate and a preparation method and application thereof. The photovoltaic module front plate comprises a fluoroplastic film, a glass fiber adhesive film composite layer and a barrier layer which are sequentially stacked, the glass fiber adhesive film composite layer comprises a first cut-off adhesive film, a glass fiber layer and a second cut-off adhesive film which are sequentially stacked; the fluorine plastic film is attached to the surface, away from the glass fiber layer, of the first cut-off adhesive film. By designing the structure of the photovoltaic module front plate and each layer of material, not only is the hardness of the photovoltaic module front plate improved, but also the water vapor transmittance and the potential induced degradation in the photovoltaic module are effectively reduced, so that the internal structure of the photovoltaic module is protected, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged; in addition, the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the invention has the characteristic of light weight, so that the weight of the photovoltaic module can be reduced, and the photovoltaic module is convenient to install and transport.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic module front plate and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasingly severe environmental problems, solar photovoltaic technology, as a clean and renewable energy, has received widespread attention and rapid development. Photovoltaic modules are the core components of solar photovoltaic systems, and their performance and reliability directly affect the power generation efficiency and service life of the entire system. Photovoltaic modules are usually composed of front panels, photovoltaic cells, packaging materials, back panels, etc., among which the selection of front panel materials has an important impact on the overall performance of the module.

[0003] The front panel material of traditional photovoltaic modules is mainly glass. This is because glass has excellent light transmittance and mechanical strength, and can protect photovoltaic cells from the influence of the external environment for a long time. However, glass as a front panel material also has some obvious defects: (1) It is heavy and has a high density, which makes the entire photovoltaic module heavier. This not only increases the difficulty and cost of transportation and installation, but also brings a greater burden to certain specific application scenarios (such as rooftop photovoltaic systems); (2) It is fragile. Although glass has a certain strength, it is easy to break when encountering impact or extreme weather (such as hail, strong winds, etc.), thus affecting the service life and reliability of photovoltaic modules; (3) It has high production energy consumption. The manufacturing process of glass requires high-temperature melting, which has high energy consumption and production costs, and also brings a greater environmental burden.

[0004] Based on the above problems, researchers and enterprises have been exploring and developing new photovoltaic module front panel materials, hoping to reduce weight, improve production efficiency and reduce environmental impact while maintaining or improving module performance. Among them, lightweight, high-efficiency and environmentally friendly packaging materials have become a research hotspot. In recent years, some new materials and technologies have been introduced into the research of photovoltaic module front panels, such as glass fiber prepreg, organic glass, polycarbonate, powder coating and its powdering technology. These materials are lighter than traditional glass, but their weather resistance and mechanical strength are relatively low, and they are prone to aging, yellowing, brittle cracking and other problems in long-term use. For example, CN219789512U discloses a lightweight transparent composite front plate for photovoltaic module encapsulation, which is formed by laminating a transparent film layer and a glass fiber resin impregnation layer; the material of the transparent film layer is PVDF or ETFE; the lightweight transparent composite front plate is a lightweight and highly weather-resistant polymer material; the main body of the lightweight and highly weather-resistant polymer material is a fluorine-containing polymer or a highly weather-resistant non-fluorine polymer, epoxy resin, etc.; the solar cell module prepared using the lightweight transparent composite front plate is light in weight and easy to install and carry, but the overall strength is insufficient and the hail resistance is poor, which affects the life of the photovoltaic module; and the ultraviolet blocking performance is insufficient, and there is a large light-induced attenuation effect, resulting in low power generation of the module in the later stage; in addition, the module is prone to yellowing and cracking when used outdoors, and the water vapor permeability is too high, which is insufficient to protect the n-type battery module.

[0005] Existing lightweight photovoltaic modules directly use transparent backplanes as front panels, which greatly reduces the overall weight of the modules; however, the use of transparent backplanes as front panels has obvious photodegradation effects on the one hand, and the overall mechanical strength and weather resistance of the modules are insufficient on the other hand, and they cannot be used for a long time in harsh environments such as hail, high temperature and humidity, and strong ultraviolet rays. Lightweight photovoltaic modules may face more obvious power attenuation during long-term use, and their initial photodegradation (Staebler-Wronski effect) is more significant. This power attenuation will affect the long-term power generation and return on investment of the entire photovoltaic power generation system. The special packaging materials used in some lightweight photovoltaic modules may have poor stability under harsh environmental conditions, and organic photovoltaic materials are easily affected by oxygen and moisture, resulting in performance degradation. In high temperature and high humidity environments, the life of organic photovoltaic modules may be greatly shortened, and their performance may be seriously degraded in just a few years. Lightweight usually means that certain sacrifices have been made in material thickness or structural strength. Such photovoltaic modules may be weak in terms of mechanical load resistance such as wind, snow, and hail. In windy weather, lightweight photovoltaic panels are more likely to deform or even be damaged.

[0006] At present, the production process of lightweight photovoltaic modules is often complicated, the production efficiency is low, and due to its relatively small output, it is impossible to form the cost advantage of large-scale production. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to develop a lightweight photovoltaic module front plate that can maintain good performance and solve the defects of the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module front plate and a preparation method and application thereof. By designing the structure of the photovoltaic module front plate, not only the hardness of the photovoltaic module front plate is improved, but also the water vapor permeability and the potential induced attenuation inside the photovoltaic module are effectively reduced, thereby protecting the internal structure of the photovoltaic module and extending its service life; and the photovoltaic module front plate is light in weight and more environmentally friendly, which can reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module and make it easier to install and transport.

[0008] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module front plate, which includes a fluoroplastic film, a glass fiber film composite layer and a barrier layer stacked in sequence; the glass fiber film composite layer includes a first cut-off film, a glass fiber layer and a second cut-off film stacked in sequence; the fluoroplastic film is bonded to the surface of the first cut-off film away from the glass fiber layer.

[0010] The present invention not only improves the hardness of the photovoltaic module front plate by designing the structure of the photovoltaic module front plate, but also effectively reduces the water vapor transmission rate and reduces the potential induced attenuation inside the module, thereby protecting the internal structure of the photovoltaic module and extending its service life. The photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention has the characteristics of being lightweight, which can reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module, facilitate installation and transportation, and meet the needs of photovoltaic power generation equipment manufacturers for lightweight products.

[0011] In the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention, the fluoroplastic film has excellent weather resistance, light transmittance and mechanical strength, and its unique chemical stability can also enable the photovoltaic module to maintain long-term stability under various environmental conditions; the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film have good weather resistance, chemical resistance and UV barrier resistance; the glass fiber layer can improve the overall strength of the photovoltaic module front plate, broaden the application field of the product, reduce energy consumption, extend the service life of the photovoltaic module, and reduce the maintenance cost and performance degradation risk caused by natural disasters. The glass fiber layer and the two layers of cut-off adhesive film form a unique sandwich structure of adhesive film sandwiched with glass fiber. When facing hail weather, hail hits the photovoltaic module front plate at high speed. This sandwich structure can disperse and withstand the impact force by relying on the high strength of the glass fiber layer, preventing the hail from directly smashing through the front plate and causing damage to key components such as the battery cells and circuits inside the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0012] The photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can be widely used in application fields such as the fields of materials science and engineering, electronic engineering and semiconductor manufacturing technology. First, in the field of materials science and engineering, the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can solve the attenuation problem of lightweight photovoltaic modules and improve the service life of the modules; at the same time, the photovoltaic module front plate has excellent UV resistance, hail resistance and water vapor barrier performance, which can effectively protect the modules from the influence of the external environment and improve the performance and reliability of photovoltaic modules. In the field of electronic engineering, the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can be widely used in the manufacture of photovoltaic modules, the core components of photovoltaic power generation systems; due to its light weight and high performance, it can provide more effective solar power generation solutions in application scenarios such as roofs and curtain walls to meet the growing demand for clean energy. In the field of semiconductor manufacturing technology, the lightweight photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can promote the innovation and development of photovoltaic module manufacturing technology. In general, the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention has broad application prospects and market demand, and is expected to play an important role in the fields of materials science and engineering, electronic engineering and semiconductor manufacturing technology, and promote technological progress and industrial development in related fields.

[0013] The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions provided by the present invention. Through the following preferred technical solutions, the objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the fluoroplastic film includes any one of polyvinylidene fluoride film, polyvinyl fluoride film, fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film, THV film or polychlorotrifluoroethylene film.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the fluoroplastic film is 20-200 μm, for example, 25 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 60 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm, 180 μm, etc. The thickness range of the fluoroplastic film ensures sufficient strength while also ensuring light weight and good flexibility of the material.

[0016] Preferably, the light transmittance of the fluoroplastic film is ≥93%, for example, it can be 93.5%, 94%, 94.5%, 95%, 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.

[0017] In the present invention, the light transmittance is tested using a spectrophotometer according to IEC 62788.

[0018] Preferably, the ultraviolet light blocking rate of the fluoroplastic film is ≥95%, for example, it can be 95.5%, 96%, 96.5%, 97%, 97.5%, 98%, 98.5%, 99%, 99.5%, etc.

[0019] In the present invention, the ultraviolet blocking rate is tested using a spectrophotometer according to IEC 62788.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film is independently 0.4-0.8 mm, for example, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.75 mm, etc. The thickness distribution of the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film not only ensures the uniformity and density of the cut-off film, but also avoids the problem of reduced light transmittance due to thick thickness.

[0021] Preferably, the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film have a grammage of 100-1000 g / m 2 , for example, it can be 150g / m 2 , 200g / m 2 , 250g / m 2 , 300g / m 2 , 350g / m 2 , 400g / m 2 , 450g / m 2 , 500g / m 2 , 550g / m 2 , 600g / m 2 , 650g / m 2 , 700g / m 2 , 750g / m 2 , 800g / m 2 , 850g / m 2 , 900g / m 2 , 950g / m 2 wait.

[0022] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film independently include a combination of a resin, a curing agent and a UV blocker.

[0023] Preferably, the resin includes any one of polyolefin elastomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer or polyvinyl butyral, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0024] Preferably, the curing agent includes any one of dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide or triallyl isocyanurate, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0025] Preferably, the UV blocking agent includes any one of 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole, 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate, 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2)-5-n-hexaneoxyphenol, polysiloxane or 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0026] Preferably, the mass ratio of the resin to the curing agent is 100:(0.5-5), for example, it can be 100:0.8, 100:1, 100:1.5, 100:1.8, 100:2, 100:2.5, 100:2.8, 100:3, 100:3.5, 100:3.8, 100:4, 100:4.5, 100:4.8, etc.

[0027] Preferably, the mass ratio of the resin to the UV blocker is 100:(0.1-2), for example, it can be 100:0.2, 100:0.4, 100:0.6, 100:0.8, 100:1, 100:1.2, 100:1.4, 100:1.6, 100:1.8, etc.

[0028] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film further independently include auxiliary agents.

[0029] Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes any one of a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a tackifying resin or a lubricant, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0030] Preferably, the antioxidant comprises a phosphite antioxidant.

[0031] Preferably, the light stabilizer comprises a hindered amine light stabilizer.

[0032] Preferably, the hindered amine light stabilizer includes bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate.

[0033] Preferably, the tackifying resin includes any one of terpene resin, hydrogenated rosin glycerol ester, maleic anhydride grafted POE resin or petroleum resin, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0034] Preferably, the lubricant comprises paraffin oil.

[0035] Preferably, the mass ratio of the resin to the additive is 100:(0.5-15), for example, it can be 100:1, 100:2, 100:3, 100:4, 100:5, 100:6, 100:7, 100:8, 100:9, 100:10, 100:11, 100:12, 100:13, 100:14, etc.

[0036] Preferably, the grammage of the glass fiber layer is 50-500g / m 2 , for example, it can be 100g / m 2 , 150g / m 2 , 200g / m 2 , 250g / m 2 , 300g / m 2 , 350g / m 2 , 400g / m 2 , 450g / m 2 wait.

[0037] Preferably, the thickness of the glass fiber layer is 0.2-1 mm, for example, it can be 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.75 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.85 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.95 mm, etc.

[0038] Preferably, the thickness of the barrier layer is 0.05-0.5 mm, for example, it can be 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.32 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.42 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.48 mm, etc.

[0039] Preferably, the barrier layer comprises an ion migration prevention layer, a substrate layer and a water-blocking layer which are stacked in sequence; the ion migration prevention layer is bonded to a surface of the second cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer.

[0040] In the present invention, the ion migration prevention layer can prevent ions from accumulating at the interface between the electrode and the semiconductor of the photovoltaic cell, and can effectively block the migration of metal ions (such as sodium ions, potassium ions, etc.), avoiding the degradation of cell performance caused by ion migration, such as reduced short-circuit current, reduced fill factor, etc. The water-blocking layer can prevent water vapor from penetrating and causing damage to the inside of the component. The barrier layer can improve the overall performance and reliability of the photovoltaic system, so that it can maintain a good working state under various complex environmental conditions.

[0041] Preferably, the material of the ion migration prevention layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of PDMS-SiO2 hybrid materials, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, polyethylene oxide-based composite materials or metal organic framework materials, and PDMS-SiO2 hybrid materials are further preferred.

[0042] The PDMS-SiO2 hybrid material combines the flexibility of organic polysiloxane with the high barrier property and ion blocking ability of inorganic silicon dioxide, and has a better ion blocking effect.

[0043] Preferably, the thickness of the ion migration preventing layer is 10-200 nm, for example, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm, etc.

[0044] Preferably, the material of the substrate layer includes any one of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate or polyamide, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0045] Preferably, the material of the water-blocking layer includes any one of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon carbide or magnesium oxide, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0046] The present invention designs the materials of each layer of the photovoltaic module front plate, so that the photovoltaic module front plate can remain stable under various environments, thereby ensuring the high performance and long life of the photovoltaic module front plate.

[0047] Preferably, the thickness of the water-blocking layer is 10-200 nm, for example, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm, etc. The thickness range of the water-blocking layer ensures good water-blocking performance while also ensuring the lightness and thinness of the material; its excellent waterproof performance can effectively isolate the intrusion of external water vapor and protect the integrity and stability of the internal structure of the package.

[0048] Preferably, the method for preparing the barrier layer comprises:

[0049] The ion migration prevention layer is composited on one side of the substrate layer by a first method, and the water-blocking layer is composited on the other side of the substrate layer by a second method to obtain the barrier layer; the first method and the second method each independently include any one of magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation, atomic layer deposition or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition.

[0050] Preferably, the first method is vacuum evaporation.

[0051] Preferably, the temperature of the evaporation source in the vacuum evaporation is 150-300°C, for example, it can be 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 200°C, 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 260°C, 270°C, 280°C, 290°C, etc.

[0052] Preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum evaporation is 10 -4 -10 -6 Torr.

[0053] Preferably, the deposition rate of the vacuum evaporation is 10-300nm / min, for example, it can be 20nm / min, 40nm / min, 60nm / min, 80nm / min, 100nm / min, 120nm / min, 140nm / min, 160nm / min, 180nm / min, 200nm / min, 220nm / min, 240nm / min, 260nm / min, 280nm / min, etc.

[0054] The present invention can make the material of the ion migration prevention layer uniformly deposited on the surface of the substrate layer by controlling the parameters such as the temperature, vacuum degree and deposition rate of the evaporation source of vacuum evaporation within a suitable range.

[0055] Preferably, the second method is magnetron sputtering.

[0056] Preferably, the sputtering power of the magnetron sputtering is 100-500 W, for example, 150 W, 200 W, 250 W, 300 W, 350 W, 400 W, 450 W, etc.

[0057] Preferably, the argon gas flow rate of the magnetron sputtering is 20-100 sccm, for example, it can be 30 sccm, 40 sccm, 50 sccm, 60 sccm, 70 sccm, 80 sccm, 90 sccm, etc.

[0058] Preferably, the sputtering target material of the magnetron sputtering includes an aluminum target material.

[0059] Preferably, the magnetron sputtering time is 3-30 min, for example, it can be 5 min, 10 min, 12 min, 15 min, 18 min, 20 min, 22 min, 25 min, 28 min, etc.

[0060] The present invention controls the quality and thickness of the water-blocking layer by adjusting parameters such as sputtering power, argon gas flow rate, sputtering time and the like.

[0061] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module front plate as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) laminating a first cut-off adhesive film, a glass fiber layer, and a second cut-off adhesive film, and then performing a first thermal bonding to obtain a glass fiber adhesive film composite layer;

[0063] (2) subjecting the surface of the first cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer to a fluoroplastic film for a second thermal bonding, and subjecting the surface of the second cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer to a barrier layer for a third thermal bonding, to obtain the photovoltaic module front plate.

[0064] In the above step (2), the second thermal compounding and the third thermal compounding are performed in no particular order.

[0065] The preparation method of the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can solve the problems of complex production process and low production efficiency of existing lightweight photovoltaic module packaging materials; at the same time, due to its excellent manufacturing process and cost advantages, it can achieve large-scale production, reduce production costs, and improve market competitiveness. By improving the production process and performance of the photovoltaic module front plate, the overall manufacturing level of the photovoltaic module can be improved, promoting the progress and development of the solar energy industry.

[0066] The present invention combines the fluoroplastic film and the barrier layer with the glass fiber adhesive film composite layer through a thermal composite technology, which makes the production of the photovoltaic module front plate simpler and also improves the stability, durability and reliability of the photovoltaic module front plate.

[0067] Preferably, the preparation method of the first cut-off film comprises: melt-extruding the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off film to obtain the first cut-off film; the preparation method of the second cut-off film comprises: melt-extruding the raw materials for preparing the second cut-off film to obtain the second cut-off film.

[0068] Preferably, the first thermal bonding is performed when the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film are in a molten state after being extruded.

[0069] Preferably, the melt extrusion is performed by a twin-screw extruder.

[0070] Preferably, the screw diameter of the twin-screw extruder is 20-150 mm, for example, it can be 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 140 mm, etc.

[0071] Preferably, the screw aspect ratio of the twin-screw extruder is (10-50):1, for example, it can be 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, etc.

[0072] Preferably, the temperature of the melt extrusion is 80-120°C, for example, 82°C, 85°C, 88°C, 90°C, 92°C, 95°C, 98°C, 100°C, 102°C, 105°C, 108°C, 110°C, 112°C, 115°C, 118°C, etc.

[0073] Preferably, the melt extrusion speed is 3-5 m / min, for example, 3.2 m / min, 3.4 m / min, 3.6 m / min, 3.8 m / min, 4 m / min, 4.2 m / min, 4.4 m / min, 4.6 m / min, 4.8 m / min, etc.

[0074] The use of twin-screw extrusion technology to prepare the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film not only improves production efficiency, reduces production time and cost, but also optimizes the production process. The extrusion temperature and extrusion speed of the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film are controlled within a suitable range to ensure that the cut-off film can be extruded uniformly and continuously to form a dense melt, avoiding problems such as material burning or uneven stretching caused by excessive temperature or excessive speed; during the extrusion process, the special structure of the twin-screw extruder allows the material to be fully mixed and plasticized in the barrel, thereby improving the uniformity and density of the cut-off film.

[0075] Preferably, the temperature of the first thermal compounding is 120-150°C, for example, it can be 122°C, 125°C, 128°C, 130°C, 132°C, 135°C, 138°C, 140°C, 142°C, 145°C, 148°C, etc.

[0076] Preferably, the pressure of the first thermal composite is 0.2-0.5 MPa, for example, 0.22 MPa, 0.25 MPa, 0.28 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.35 MPa, 0.38 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.42 MPa, 0.45 MPa, 0.48 MPa, etc. By controlling the pressure of the first thermal composite within a suitable range, it is ensured that the cut-off adhesive film and the glass fiber layer can be fully bonded to form a tight composite structure.

[0077] Preferably, the first thermal compounding time is 5-20 s, for example, it can be 6 s, 7 s, 8 s, 9 s, 10 s, 11 s, 12 s, 13 s, 14 s, 15 s, 16 s, 17 s, 18 s, 19 s, etc.

[0078] Preferably, the temperatures of the second thermal composite and the third thermal composite are each independently 80-120°C, for example, 82°C, 85°C, 88°C, 90°C, 92°C, 95°C, 98°C, 100°C, 102°C, 105°C, 108°C, 110°C, 112°C, 115°C, 118°C, etc.

[0079] Preferably, the pressures of the second thermal compounding and the third thermal compounding are independently 0.1-1 MPa, for example, 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa, 0.9 MPa, etc.

[0080] Preferably, the time for the second thermal compound and the third thermal compound is independently 5-20s, for example, it can be 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, etc.

[0081] In order to ensure that the fluoroplastic film can be evenly and firmly adhered to the first cut-off adhesive film, during the thermal lamination process, the heating element of the thermal lamination machine quickly heats the fluoroplastic film to a predetermined temperature and brings it into close contact with the first cut-off adhesive film through appropriate pressure; as time goes by, the intermolecular force between the fluoroplastic film and the first cut-off adhesive film gradually increases, forming a firm bonding interface, thereby ensuring the transparency and aesthetics of the fluoroplastic film and improving the overall performance and durability of the front plate of the photovoltaic module.

[0082] During the third thermal lamination process, special attention should be paid to the positioning and spreading of the barrier layer to ensure that it can completely cover the bottom of the second cut-off adhesive film and effectively isolate the intrusion of external water vapor. At the same time, it is also necessary to control the parameters such as the pressure and temperature of the third thermal lamination to avoid damaging the water-blocking layer and the ion migration prevention layer or affecting their barrier properties.

[0083] Preferably, after the second thermal bonding and the third thermal bonding are completed, the steps of heat treatment, cooling and winding are further performed in sequence.

[0084] The heat treatment can ensure that the layers of the photovoltaic module front plate can be fully integrated and form a good bonding interface, thereby improving the overall strength and rigidity of the photovoltaic module front plate, and can also improve its comprehensive properties such as heat resistance, weather resistance and chemical resistance, and has excellent appearance and outstanding performance.

[0085] Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 100-200°C, for example, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, etc.

[0086] Preferably, the heat treatment time is 10-30 s, for example, it can be 12 s, 14 s, 16 s, 18 s, 20 s, 22 s, 24 s, 26 s, 28 s, etc.

[0087] Preferably, the heat treatment pressure is 0.05-0.5 MPa, for example, it may be 0.1 MPa, 0.15 MPa, 0.2 MPa, 0.25 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.35 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.45 MPa, etc.

[0088] Preferably, the heat treatment is performed by heat treatment roller technology.

[0089] Preferably, the rolling speed of the roller in the heat treatment roller technology is 1-10m / min, for example, it can be 1.5m / min, 2m / min, 2.5m / min, 3m / min, 3.5m / min, 4m / min, 4.5m / min, 5m / min, 5.5m / min, 6m / min, 6.5m / min, 7m / min, 7.5m / min, 8m / min, 8.5m / min, 9m / min, 9.5m / min, etc.

[0090] During the heat treatment process, the roller heats and rolls the front plate of the photovoltaic module at a constant speed and temperature. As time goes by, the intermolecular force inside the front plate of the photovoltaic module gradually increases and a cross-linking reaction occurs to form a stable network structure.

[0091] Preferably, the cooling temperature is 18-24°C, for example, it may be 18.5°C, 19°C, 19.5°C, 20°C, 20.5°C, 21°C, 21.5°C, 22°C, 22.5°C, 23°C, 23.5°C, etc.

[0092] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module front plate as described in the first aspect.

[0093] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0094] The present invention designs the structure of the photovoltaic module front plate and the materials of each layer, which not only improves the hardness of the photovoltaic module front plate, but also effectively reduces the water vapor transmission rate and the potential induced attenuation inside the photovoltaic module, thereby protecting the internal structure of the photovoltaic module and extending its service life; in addition, the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention is lightweight, which can reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module and make it easier to install and transport.

[0095] The photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention has a blocking rate of 95.44-97.23% for ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 280-400nm, a Δb of 0.72-1.35 after 75 days of ultraviolet irradiation, and an initial water vapor transmission rate of 0.003-1.32g / m 2 day, water vapor transmission rate after DH1000 is 0.01-1.78g / m 2·day.

[0096] The photovoltaic module using the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention has a power of 313-367W after DH1000 and a power of 327-365W after hail impact, and the power attenuation is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0097] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Example 1;

[0098] Among them, 1-fluoroplastic film, 2-glass fiber film composite layer, 3-barrier layer; 101-first cut-off film, 102-glass fiber layer, 103-second cut-off film, 201-ion migration prevention layer, 202-base material layer, 203-water-blocking layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0100] The sources of some components in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:

[0101] (1) ETFE film: purchased from Jiaxing Gaozheng, with a thickness of 25 μm, a light transmittance of 94%, and a UV blocking rate of 98%;

[0102] (2) PVDF membrane: purchased from Jiaxing Gaozheng, with a thickness of 22 μm, a light transmittance of 93%, and a UV blocking rate of 97%;

[0103] (3) PVF film: purchased from DuPont, with a thickness of 20 μm, a light transmittance of 94%, and a UV blocking rate of 95%;

[0104] (4) PCTFE membrane: purchased from Honeywell International, with a thickness of 25 μm, a light transmittance of 93.5%, and a UV blocking rate of 97.8%;

[0105] (5) FEP film: purchased from Daikin Industries, thickness 27 μm, light transmittance 93%, UV blocking rate 96.6%;

[0106] (6) Glass fiber layer: purchased from Shandong Fiberglass, thickness 0.2 mm, weight 80 g / m 2 ;

[0107] (7) PDMS-SiO2 hybrid material: purchased from Dow Corning;

[0108] (8) Antioxidant 168: purchased from BASF;

[0109] (9) EVA resin: purchased from Hanwha EVA1828 in South Korea;

[0110] (10) POE resin: purchased from LG Chemical LC168;

[0111] (11) UV blocker UV-531: purchased from BASF;

[0112] (12) Terpene resin: purchased from Guangdong Nuochi New Materials TF-DGB;

[0113] (13) Bisphenol A epoxy resin: purchased from Dow Chemical DER669-20;

[0114] (14) Nitrile rubber: purchased from PetroChina, NBR1906.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] A photovoltaic module front plate, the photovoltaic module front plate comprises a fluoroplastic film 1, a glass fiber film composite layer 2, and a barrier layer 3 which are stacked in sequence; the glass fiber film composite layer 2 comprises a first cut-off film 101, a glass fiber layer 102, and a second cut-off film 103 which are stacked in sequence; the barrier layer 3 comprises an ion migration prevention layer 201, a substrate layer 202, and a water-blocking layer 203 which are stacked in sequence; the fluoroplastic film is an ETFE film; the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film are both POE films, both of which have a thickness of 0.6 mm and a gram weight of 420 g / m 2 The material of the ion migration prevention layer is PDMS-SiO2 hybrid material with a thickness of 30nm; the material of the substrate layer is PET with a thickness of 0.3mm; the material of the water-blocking layer is aluminum oxide with a thickness of 50nm;

[0117] The method for preparing the photovoltaic module front plate comprises the following steps:

[0118] (1) Preparation of barrier layer: A water barrier layer is deposited on one side of the substrate layer by magnetron sputtering technology. During the magnetron sputtering process, a high-purity aluminum target is selected, the sputtering power is 300 W, the argon gas flow rate is 50 sccm, and the sputtering time is 5 min;

[0119] On the other side of the substrate layer, PDMS-SiO2 hybrid material was evaporated by vacuum evaporation technology. The temperature of the evaporation source was 230°C and the vacuum degree was 10 -5 Torr, deposition rate 50nm / min;

[0120] Preparation of glass fiber film composite layer: 100g POE resin particles, 2g diisopropylbenzene peroxide, 0.5g 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 0.3g antioxidant 168, and 3g terpene resin are melt-extruded through a twin-screw extruder to obtain a first cut-off film in a molten state;

[0121] 100 g of POE resin particles, 1.5 g of dicumyl peroxide, 0.3 g of (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole, 0.2 g of antioxidant 168, and 5 g of terpene resin were melt-extruded through the twin-screw extruder to obtain a second cut-off film in a molten state;

[0122] The screw diameter of the twin-screw extruder is 50 mm, and the aspect ratio is 20:1; the extrusion temperature of the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film are both 100° C., and the extrusion speed is both 5 m / min;

[0123] The first cut-off adhesive film in a molten state and the second cut-off adhesive film in a molten state are thermally compounded on two surfaces of the glass fiber layer by a heating roller, wherein the thermal compounding temperature is 140° C., the time is 20 seconds, and the pressure of the heating roller is 0.3 MPa;

[0124] (2) thermally laminating the fluoroplastic film on the surface of the first cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer by a thermal laminating machine, wherein the thermal laminating temperature is 120° C., the time is 10 seconds, and the pressure is 0.5 MPa;

[0125] The barrier layer is thermally laminated to the surface of the second cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer by a thermal laminating machine, wherein the thermal laminating temperature is 120° C., the time is 15 seconds, and the pressure is 0.3 MPa;

[0126] The obtained material is heat treated by heat treatment roller technology, the heat treatment temperature is 150°C, the time is 20s, the roller pressure is 0.1MPa, the roller rolling speed is 5m / min, and after the heat treatment is completed, it is cooled at 20°C and rolled up to obtain the photovoltaic module front plate.

[0127] Example 2

[0128] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that PVDF film is used to replace ETFE film as the fluoroplastic film, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that a PVF film is used to replace the ETFE film as the fluoroplastic film, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0131] Example 4

[0132] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that a PCTFE film is used to replace the ETFE film as the fluoroplastic film, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0133] Example 5

[0134] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that FEP film is used to replace ETFE film as the fluoroplastic film, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0135] Example 6

[0136] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that an EVA film is used instead of a POE film as a first cut-off film and a second cut-off film, the raw materials for preparing the EVA film include 100 g of EVA resin, 1 g of diisopropylbenzene peroxide, 2 g of triallyl isocyanurate, 1680.5 g of an antioxidant, 10.3 g of UV-531, and 5 g of a terpene resin, the preparation method of the EVA film is the same as that of Example 1, and other structures, materials, and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0137] Example 7

[0138] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 in that an EPE film is used to replace a POE film as a first cut-off film and a second cut-off film, the raw materials for preparing the EPE film include 60 g of EVA resin, 40 g of POE resin, 1 g of diisopropylbenzene peroxide, 2 g of triallyl isocyanurate, 0.5 g of antioxidant 168, 0.3 g of UV-531, 0.5 g of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)sebacate, and 5 g of terpene resin, the preparation method of the EPE film is the same as that of Example 1, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0139] Example 8

[0140] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 only in that the material of the water-blocking layer is silicon dioxide, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0141] Example 9

[0142] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 only in that an ion migration prevention layer is not provided, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0143] Example 10

[0144] A photovoltaic module front plate, which differs from Example 1 only in that no water-blocking layer is provided, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0145] Comparative Example 1

[0146] A photovoltaic module front plate, the photovoltaic module front plate is prepared with reference to CN219789512U, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0147] (1) 80 g of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 20 g of ethylenediamine, 90 g of xylene, 0.5 g of silane coupling agent KH-570, 0.5 g of antioxidant 1010 and 10 g of nitrile rubber were mixed to obtain a resin prepreg;

[0148] (2) bonding a glass fiber cloth (purchased from Taishan Fiberglass, with a thickness of 0.3 mm) to the resin prepreg by impregnation to obtain a glass fiber resin impregnation layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm;

[0149] (3) The glass fiber resin impregnation layer and the ETFE film are hot-pressed and laminated at 150° C. and a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 480 seconds to obtain the photovoltaic module front plate.

[0150] Comparative Example 2

[0151] A photovoltaic module front plate, wherein the photovoltaic module front plate is a KPC back plate (purchased from Suzhou Saiwu).

[0152] Application Example 1

[0153] A photovoltaic module, wherein the preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0154] (1) Laying a layer of POE adhesive film (thickness 0.6 mm) for N-TopCon cells on an aluminum backplane (1750×1033×0.3 mm), then laying a square array of N-TopCon cell strings welded in series and parallel, then laying a layer of POE adhesive film (thickness 0.6 mm) for N-TopCon cells, and finally laying a layer of the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Example 1 to prepare a laminated module;

[0155] (2) placing the above-mentioned stacked assembly into a laminator for lamination, the lamination temperature is 145° C., vacuuming for 300 seconds, laminating in stages, the pressure is -70 kPa, -50 kPa, and -30 kPa, the total lamination time is 600 seconds, and after the lamination is completed, a laminated assembly is prepared;

[0156] (3) The laminated assembly is framed and fixed using a photovoltaic aluminum frame (1756×1039×30 mm) to obtain the photovoltaic assembly.

[0157] Application Example 2

[0158] A photovoltaic module, wherein the preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0159] (1) Laying a layer of POE film (thickness 0.6 mm) on an aluminum back plate (1750×1033×0.3 mm), then laying a heterojunction battery string array welded in series and parallel, then laying another layer of POE film (thickness 0.6 mm), and finally laying a layer of the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Example 2 to prepare a laminated module;

[0160] (2) placing the above-mentioned stacked assembly into a laminator for lamination, the lamination temperature is 145° C., vacuuming for 300 seconds, laminating in stages, the pressure is -70 kPa, -50 kPa, and -30 kPa, the total lamination time is 600 seconds, and after the lamination is completed, a laminated assembly is prepared;

[0161] (3) The laminated assembly is framed and fixed using a photovoltaic aluminum frame (1756×1039×30 mm) to obtain the photovoltaic assembly.

[0162] Application Example 3

[0163] A photovoltaic module, wherein the preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0164] (1) Laying a layer of POE film (thickness 0.6 mm) on an aluminum back plate (1750×1033×0.3 mm), then laying a perovskite stacked battery string array welded in series and parallel, then laying another layer of POE film (thickness 0.6 mm), and finally laying a layer of the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Example 6 to prepare a stacked module;

[0165] (2) placing the above-mentioned stacked assembly into a laminator for lamination, the lamination temperature is 145° C., vacuuming for 300 seconds, laminating in stages, the pressure is -70 kPa, -50 kPa, and -30 kPa, the total lamination time is 600 seconds, and after the lamination is completed, a laminated assembly is prepared;

[0166] (3) The laminated assembly is framed and fixed using a photovoltaic aluminum frame (1756×1039×30 mm) to obtain the photovoltaic assembly.

[0167] Application examples 4-10, comparative application examples 1-2

[0168] A photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, which differs from Application Example 1 only in that the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Example 1 in step (1) is replaced with the photovoltaic module front plate provided in Examples 3-5, Examples 7-10, and Comparative Examples 1-2, and the rest of the structure and materials are the same as those in Application Example 1.

[0169] Performance Testing

[0170] (1) UV blocking rate: A spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV-2600) was used to test the blocking rate of the front panel of the photovoltaic module against ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 280-400 nm.

[0171] (2) UV yellowing: The test was conducted using an accelerated UV aging chamber in accordance with ASTM D1925, with the test conditions being UV300kWh and the irradiation time being 75 days;

[0172] (3) Water vapor transmission rate: The front panel of the photovoltaic module was placed at 85°C and 85% RH for 1000 h and the water vapor transmission rate was measured using a water vapor transmission rate tester (Mocon, 3 / 40) Test the water vapor transmission rate of the front panel DH1000 of the photovoltaic module.

[0173] The photovoltaic module front plates provided in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested according to the above method, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0174] Table 1

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] From the comparison between Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the UV blocking rate and UV yellowing resistance of the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention are better than the lightweight photovoltaic module front plates currently used in the market; and the initial water vapor permeability and the water vapor permeability of the photovoltaic module front plate after high temperature and high humidity aging are significantly ahead of the existing lightweight photovoltaic module front plates on the market.

[0178] (4) Module power: Use an IV power tester (manufacturer: Deqi Technology, model: UT673PV) to test the initial and post-DH1000 power of the PV module;

[0179] (5) Hail impact resistance: tested in accordance with IEC 61215.

[0180] The photovoltaic modules provided in Application Examples 1-10 and Comparative Application Examples 1-2 were tested according to the above method, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0181] Table 2

[0182]

[0183]

[0184] From the comparison between Application Examples 1-10 and Comparative Application Examples 1-2, it can be seen that the lightweight photovoltaic module prepared by using the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention has a smaller attenuation than the initial power after the DH1000 test; this shows that the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention can greatly improve the water resistance of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module provided by Application Examples 1-10 has a smaller attenuation than the initial power after the hail resistance test, which shows that the photovoltaic module's anti-hail impact performance is greatly improved by using the photovoltaic module front plate provided by the present invention.

[0185] The photovoltaic module front plate used in Application Example 9 is not provided with an ion migration prevention layer. Since the effect of the ion migration prevention layer on the performance of the battery cell is a cumulative process, in a hot and humid environment, ions continue to migrate and aggregate, causing the performance of the battery cell to gradually deteriorate, ultimately resulting in a decrease in the overall power of the photovoltaic module after the DH1000 test.

[0186] The applicant declares that the present invention uses the above-mentioned embodiments to illustrate the photovoltaic module front plate of the present invention and its preparation method and application, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of various raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module front plate, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module front plate comprises a fluoroplastic film, a glass fiber film composite layer and a barrier layer which are stacked in sequence; The glass fiber film composite layer comprises a first cut-off film, a glass fiber layer and a second cut-off film which are stacked in sequence; The fluoroplastic film is in contact with the surface of the first cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer.

2. The photovoltaic module front plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluoroplastic film includes any one of polyvinylidene fluoride film, polyvinyl fluoride film, fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer film, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer film, THV film or polychlorotrifluoroethylene film; Preferably, the thickness of the fluoroplastic film is 20-200 μm; Preferably, the light transmittance of the fluoroplastic film is ≥ 93%; Preferably, the ultraviolet light blocking rate of the fluoroplastic film is ≥95%.

3. The photovoltaic module front plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the first cut-off film and the second cut-off film are independently 0.4-0.8 mm; Preferably, the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film have a grammage of 100-1000 g / m 2 ; Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film independently include a combination of resin, curing agent and ultraviolet blocking agent; Preferably, the resin comprises any one or a combination of at least two of polyolefin elastomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer or polyvinyl butyral; Preferably, the curing agent includes any one of dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide or triallyl isocyanurate or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the UV blocking agent includes any one of 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chloro-benzotriazole, (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole, 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate, 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2)-5-n-hexaneoxyphenol, polysiloxane or 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone, or a combination of at least two thereof.

4. The photovoltaic module front plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the resin to the curing agent is 100:(0.5-5); Preferably, the mass ratio of the resin to the UV blocker is 100:(0.1-2); Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film further independently include auxiliary agents; Preferably, the auxiliary agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, a tackifying resin or a lubricant; Preferably, the mass ratio of the resin to the auxiliary agent is 100:(0.5-15); Preferably, the grammage of the glass fiber layer is 50-500g / m 2 ; Preferably, the glass fiber layer has a thickness of 0.2-1 mm.

5. The photovoltaic module front plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the barrier layer is 0.05-0.5 mm; Preferably, the barrier layer comprises an ion migration prevention layer, a substrate layer and a water-blocking layer stacked in sequence; the ion migration prevention layer is bonded to a surface of the second cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer; Preferably, the material of the ion migration prevention layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of PDMS-SiO2 hybrid material, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, polyethylene oxide-based composite material or metal organic framework material; Preferably, the thickness of the ion migration prevention layer is 10-200 nm; Preferably, the material of the substrate layer includes any one of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate or polyamide, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the material of the water-blocking layer includes any one of aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon carbide or magnesium oxide, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the thickness of the water-blocking layer is 10-200 nm.

6. The photovoltaic module front plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the barrier layer comprises: Compounding the ion migration prevention layer on one side of the substrate layer by a first method, and compounding the water blocking layer on the other side of the substrate layer by a second method, to obtain the barrier layer; The first method and the second method each independently include any one of magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation, atomic layer deposition or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition; Preferably, the first method is vacuum evaporation; Preferably, the second method is magnetron sputtering.

7. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module front plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) laminating a first cut-off adhesive film, a glass fiber layer, and a second cut-off adhesive film, and then performing a first thermal bonding to obtain a glass fiber adhesive film composite layer; (2) subjecting the surface of the first cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer to a fluoroplastic film for a second thermal bonding, and subjecting the surface of the second cut-off adhesive film away from the glass fiber layer to a barrier layer for a third thermal bonding, to obtain the photovoltaic module front plate.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the first cut-off film comprises: Melting and extruding the raw materials for preparing the first cut-off adhesive film to obtain the first cut-off adhesive film; The preparation method of the second cut-off film comprises: Melting and extruding the raw materials for preparing the second cut-off adhesive film to obtain the second cut-off adhesive film; Preferably, the first thermal bonding is performed when the first cut-off adhesive film and the second cut-off adhesive film are in a molten state after being extruded; Preferably, the melt extrusion is carried out by a twin-screw extruder; Preferably, the screw diameter of the twin-screw extruder is 20-150 mm; Preferably, the screw aspect ratio of the twin-screw extruder is (10-50):1; Preferably, the temperature of the melt extrusion is 80-120°C; Preferably, the melt extrusion speed is 3-5 m / min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The temperature of the first thermal compounding is 120-150°C; Preferably, the pressure of the first thermal compounding is 0.2-0.5 MPa; Preferably, the first thermal compounding time is 5-20s; Preferably, the temperature of the second thermal compounding and the third thermal compounding is independently 80-120°C; Preferably, the pressure of the second thermal compound and the third thermal compound is independently 0.1-1 MPa; Preferably, the time of the second thermal compounding and the third thermal compounding is independently 5-20s; Preferably, after the second thermal bonding and the third thermal bonding are completed, the steps of heat treatment, cooling and winding are also sequentially performed; Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment is 100-200°C; Preferably, the heat treatment time is 10-30s; Preferably, the heat treatment pressure is 0.05-0.5 MPa; Preferably, the cooling temperature is 18-24°C.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises the photovoltaic module front plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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