Device for treating high-concentration water and preventing fly ash

Abstract

A fly ash prevention device for treating high-concentration water relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering and comprises a flash evaporation concentration tower, a flash steam outlet is formed in the top of the flash evaporation concentration tower, and a black water outlet is formed in the bottom of the flash evaporation concentration tower; the tower wall of the flash concentration tower is connected with a black water connecting pipe, and black water tangentially enters the tower through the black water connecting pipe; a black water concentration chamber is arranged at the bottom in the flash evaporation concentration tower, the bottom of the black water concentration chamber is communicated with a black water outlet, an ascending pipe is arranged above the black water concentration chamber, a steam ascending cap is arranged on the ascending pipe, a fly ash prevention filler washing assembly is arranged above the steam ascending cap, and a gas distributor is arranged above the fly ash prevention filler washing assembly; a high-efficiency demister is arranged at the top in the flash evaporation concentration tower and is arranged on the flash steam outlet; according to the technical scheme, coal gasification and heavy oil gasification water systems are optimized, black water is concentrated, the washing environment is improved, and fly ash is prevented from being carried into a rear system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a device for treating highly concentrated water to prevent fly ash. Background Art

[0002] In the coal gasification and heavy oil gasification industries, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-concentration black water is generated. The treatment of black water can easily cause corrosion of pipelines and equipment, increasing the subsequent maintenance and maintenance costs.

[0003] The existing heavy oil gasification flash system includes two-stage / three-stage flash evaporation. The disadvantages are that the flash steam carries serious ash, which can easily cause blockage of the condensation system, overpressure of the flash system, poor system water quality, and easy scaling of the high-pressure flash steam cooler. The angle valve on the pipeline from the high-pressure flash tank to the low-pressure flash tank is severely eroded and corroded, the heat exchange effect of the high-pressure flash steam cooler is poor, and the heat recovery is not complete. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for treating highly concentrated water-based fly ash, which can solve the above technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for treating highly concentrated water and preventing fly ash comprises a flash evaporation concentration tower, wherein a flash steam outlet is provided at the top of the flash evaporation concentration tower, and a black water outlet is provided at the bottom; a black water pipe is connected to the tower wall of the flash evaporation concentration tower, and black water enters the tower tangentially through the black water pipe; a black water concentration chamber is provided at the bottom of the flash evaporation concentration tower, and the bottom of the black water concentration chamber is connected to the black water outlet, a riser is provided above the black water concentration chamber, a steam riser cap is provided on the riser, a fly ash prevention filler washing assembly is provided above the steam riser cap, and a gas distributor is provided above the fly ash prevention filler washing assembly; a high-efficiency demister is provided at the top of the flash evaporation concentration tower, and the high-efficiency demister is provided on the flash steam outlet.

[0006] Preferably, a pressure differential gauge, a thermometer, a liquid level gauge and a manhole are also provided on the wall of the flash concentration tower; the manholes are opened at three positions of the upper, middle and lower parts of the wall of the flash concentration tower, and the liquid level gauges include a high-level liquid level gauge and a low-level liquid level gauge.

[0007] Preferably, the black water connecting pipe adopts an angled connecting pipe, the tangent line of the intersection of the connecting pipe and the inner wall of the flash concentration tower is at an angle of 15-75°, the connecting pipe contains a built-in guide swirl plate, and the black water in the black water connecting pipe enters the inner wall of the flash concentration tower tangentially, and the entry speed is 20m / s-70m / s.

[0008] Preferably, the steam lifting cap comprises a supporting column and a cover plate, the top end of the supporting column is connected to the bottom end of the cover plate via a reinforcing rib, and an air outlet is formed between the cover plate and the supporting column.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-fly ash filler washing assembly comprises an integrated gas distribution filler tray, a filler layer, a scrubber and a washing water pipeline arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the filler layer is filled with filler, and the filler is a ball ring or a Raschig ring.

[0010] Preferably, a heat exchanger is further provided in the flash concentration tower, and the heat exchanger is located above the gas distributor. The heat exchanger adopts a multi-stage tube bundle heat exchange, and a cooling water inlet is provided at one end and a cooling water outlet is provided at the other end.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the equipment can concentrate black water and strongly capture carbon black in flash steam, while also achieving high efficiency and energy saving and reducing resource consumption, optimizing the energy recovery of the system, reducing dust accumulation, wear and corrosion of equipment tower internals, improving black water concentration efficiency, reducing operating and maintenance costs, reducing environmental pollution, and meeting environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] Description of reference numerals: 1-flash concentration tower, 2-flash steam outlet, 3-black water outlet, 4-black water connecting pipe, 5-black water concentration chamber, 6-riser, 7-riser cap, 8-anti-fly ash filler washing assembly, 81-integrated gas distribution filler tray, 82-filling layer, 83-scrubber, 84-washing water pipeline, 9-gas distributor, 10-high-efficiency demister, 11-differential pressure gauge, 12-thermometer, 13-liquid level gauge, 14-manhole, 15-heat exchanger, 16-cooling water inlet, 17-cooling water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a detailed description of the invention by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Example

[0016] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash, comprising a flash concentration tower 1, wherein the flash concentration tower 1 is provided with a flash steam outlet 2 at the top and a black water outlet 3 at the bottom; a black water pipe 4 is connected to the tower wall of the flash concentration tower 1, wherein the black water pipe 4 adopts a pipe with an inclination, and the tangent of the intersection of the pipe and the inner wall of the flash concentration tower 1 is at an angle of 45°, and the pipe contains a built-in guide swirl plate, and the black water in the black water pipe 4 enters the inner wall of the flash concentration tower 1 tangentially, with an entry speed of 70 m / s, and spirally rotates downward along the inner wall to form a cyclonic airflow, and the strong centrifugal force enables the solid particles and liquid particles in the flash steam to be initially separated and then fall along the cylinder wall, and fall into the black water concentration chamber 5 under the action of gravity, and finally be discharged through the black water outlet 3.

[0017] A black water concentration chamber 5 is provided at the bottom of the flash concentration tower 1. The bottom of the black water concentration chamber 5 is connected to the black water outlet 3. A riser 6 is provided above the black water concentration chamber 5. A steam riser cap 7 is provided on the riser 6. The flash steam carries part of the fly ash and continues to ascend along the gas riser 6 to the steam riser cap 7. The flash steam rise velocity is 10m / s. The steam riser cap 7 solves the problem that the flash steam cannot fully disperse the airflow and the anti-fly ash filler washing assembly 8 is easily blown over due to the large impact force of the airflow. The steam riser cap 7 includes a support column and a cover plate. The top of the support column is connected to the bottom of the cover plate through a reinforcing rib. An air outlet is formed between the cover plate and the support column, so that the airflow flows out from each air outlet of the steam riser cap 7 and reduces the impact force of the airflow on the filler layer.

[0018] An anti-fly ash filler washing assembly 8 is provided above the steam lift cap 7, and the anti-fly ash filler washing assembly 8 includes an integrated gas distribution filler tray 81, a filler layer 82, a scrubber 83 and a washing water pipe 84 arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the filler layer 82 is filled with fillers, and the fillers are ball rings or Raschig rings. A gas distributor 9 is provided above the anti-fly ash filler washing assembly 8; the flash steam carrying fly ash is adjusted through the integrated gas distribution filler tray 81 to adjust the air flow rate so that the introduced gas is evenly distributed over the entire cross section, and then dispersed to the filler layer 82, and the filler layer 82 is provided with a liquid collecting plate, a filler body, a wire mesh plate and a connecting plate, etc. The filler layer 82 can be filled with fillers of different forms, and the introduction of fillers can reduce the gas flow rate, thereby reducing the carrying speed of fly ash in the gas. The pipeline of the scrubber 83 is connected with a nozzle, and the nozzle can be set with a flushing angle as required, and can be intermittently washed, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency and spraying the washing liquid on the surface of the packing to cover the liquid film on the surface of the packing, capturing the fly ash particles entrained in the flash steam, and having a good capture effect on the fly ash particles with good fluidity, especially in the dust removal process accompanied by gas cooling and absorption of certain toxic and harmful gas components in the gas. According to the pressure difference of the flash concentration tower 1, referring to the pressure difference table 11 and the measured pH value of the black water outlet 3, the scrubber 83 can switch the drug washing line or the acid washing line, and carry out drug washing and descaling on the wire mesh and the packing layer at the same time. In the packing layer 82, due to the large surface area of ​​the packing, the washing liquid wets the surface of the packing. In addition to the ash-capturing effect of the droplets in the packing, the fly ash is mainly captured by the liquid network and liquid film formed by the packing. Therefore, there is no excessive requirement for the droplet atomization effect, and at the same time, there is a wide operating flexibility for operating conditions such as gas-liquid ratio and operating pressure. After being washed, the flash steam is distributed as evenly as possible through the gas distributor 9. Driven by the pressure difference, the gas passes through the gas distributor 9 from bottom to top. The gas distributor 9 is detachably connected to the device.

[0019] The flash concentration tower 1 is also provided with a heat exchanger 15 for recovering heat energy in the tower; the heat exchanger 15 is located above the gas distributor 9, and the heat exchanger 15 adopts a multi-stage tube bundle heat exchange, one end of which is provided with a cooling water inlet 16, and the other end is provided with a cooling water outlet 17. After passing through the gas distributor 9, the flash steam enters the anti-fly ash heat exchanger 15 to recover heat. The heat load of the anti-fly ash heat exchanger 15 can be designed and adjusted according to the flash processing capacity of different working conditions. If the processing capacity is too large, refer to the pressure difference table 11 and set a split heat exchanger. In summary, the anti-fly ash heat exchanger 15 realizes direct heat recovery through its unique working principle.

[0020] A high-efficiency demister 10 is provided at the top of the flash concentration tower 1, and the high-efficiency demister 10 is installed on the flash steam outlet 2. The main body of the high-efficiency demister 10 is assembled by vertically stacking a number of wire mesh corrugated sheets, with buckles on the top and bottom, and a wire mesh plate on the top; the high-efficiency demister 10 effectively realizes gas-liquid separation, and is captured based on the inertia of droplet movement hitting metal objects or walls. After the gas passes through the high-efficiency demister 10, its defoaming efficiency is well optimized, achieving the purpose of removing mist and foam entrainment, and finally the flash steam is discharged through the flash steam outlet 2.

[0021] The wall of the flash concentration tower 1 is also provided with a differential pressure gauge 11, a thermometer 12, a liquid level gauge 13 and a manhole 14; the manhole 14 is opened at three positions of the upper, middle and lower parts of the wall of the flash concentration tower 1, and the liquid level gauge 13 includes a high-level liquid level gauge and a low-level liquid level gauge; by setting the above components, the stable operation of the high-concentration water fly ash prevention equipment can be maintained through appropriate operation with reference to the actual measured values.

[0022] This equipment flashes black water, separates and concentrates black water, captures fly ash in flash steam through filler components and purifies it with washing water, and recovers heat from flash steam through anti-fly ash heat exchangers. Finally, flash steam effectively reduces the content of fly ash (10PPM) and is discharged at the top of the equipment.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and application concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating highly concentrated water-fly ash, comprising a flash concentration tower (1), characterized in that: The flash concentration tower (1) is provided with a flash steam outlet (2) at the top and a black water outlet (3) at the bottom; a black water pipe (4) is connected to the tower wall of the flash concentration tower (1), and black water enters the tower tangentially through the black water pipe (4); a black water concentration chamber (5) is provided at the bottom of the flash concentration tower (1), the bottom of the black water concentration chamber (5) is connected to the black water outlet (3), a riser (6) is provided above the black water concentration chamber (5), a steam riser cap (7) is provided on the riser (6), an anti-fly ash filler washing assembly (8) is provided above the steam riser cap (7), and a gas distributor (9) is provided above the anti-fly ash filler washing assembly (8); a high-efficiency demister (10) is provided at the top of the flash concentration tower (1), and the high-efficiency demister (10) is provided on the flash steam outlet (2).

2. The device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the flash concentration tower (1) is also provided with a differential pressure gauge (11), a thermometer (12), a liquid level gauge (13) and a manhole (14); the manhole (14) is provided at three positions, upper, middle and lower, on the wall of the flash concentration tower (1); and the liquid level gauge (13) comprises a high-level liquid level gauge and a low-level liquid level gauge.

3. The device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black water pipe (4) is a pipe with an angle, and the tangent of the pipe and the inner wall of the flash concentration tower (1) is at an angle of 15-75 degrees. The pipe contains a built-in guide swirl plate, and the black water in the black water pipe (4) enters the inner wall of the flash concentration tower (1) tangentially, with an entry speed of 20m / s-70m / s.

4. The device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam lifting cap (7) comprises a support column and a cover plate, the top end of the support column is connected to the bottom end of the cover plate via a reinforcing rib, and an air outlet is formed between the cover plate and the support column.

5. The device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-fly ash filler washing assembly (8) comprises an integrated gas distribution filler tray (81), a filler layer (82), a scrubber (83) and a washing water pipeline (84) arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the filler layer (82) is filled with filler, and the filler is a ball ring or a Raschig ring.

6. The device for treating highly concentrated water fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchanger (15) is also provided in the flash concentration tower (1). The heat exchanger (15) is located above the gas distributor (9). The heat exchanger (15) adopts a multi-stage tube bundle heat exchange method and has a cooling water inlet (16) at one end and a cooling water outlet (17) at the other end.

Images