Construction method for super-high-clearance reserved material hoisting opening without erecting formwork support

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and particularly relates to a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance structures without the need for formwork. The method includes the following steps: Step A, material preparation before construction, specifically including: Step A1, selecting H-beams conforming to national standards as the main beam; Step A2, prioritizing the use of scaffolding steel pipes as connecting supports; Step A3, preparing tie rods for connection and fixation; Step B, pre-construction preparation, using H400×400×15×20 H-beams, corresponding specifications of steel pipes, and 14mm diameter tie rods for construction, and setting up a small opening of appropriate size. After reinforcement, the material hoisting opening exhibited good stability during subsequent construction. During the bottom formwork removal stage, the small opening facilitated the removal work, meeting project schedule and quality requirements, and shortening the construction period by 50%. After construction, the material hoisting opening was well-sealed, no safety accidents occurred during construction, and construction costs and time were effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and in particular relates to a method for enclosed construction of ultra-high clearance structures with reserved material hoisting openings without the need for formwork. Background Technology

[0002] In building construction, the main challenge lies in constructing formwork for material hoisting openings in high-ceilinged spaces. Traditional methods typically require formwork support, increasing complexity, extending the construction period, posing safety hazards, and raising costs. Furthermore, the reinforcement and dismantling of the bottom formwork for high-ceilinged material hoisting openings present numerous technical difficulties. Traditional methods for closing hoisting openings often employ formwork, which is complex, costly, time-consuming, and involves complex erection and dismantling of the bottom formwork and frame. Especially in high-ceilinged environments, where formwork is considered extremely hazardous, specialized solutions require expert review, significantly increasing the difficulty and danger of construction. Therefore, a new construction method is needed to address these issues. This invention aims to provide an efficient, stable, and economical method for constructing material hoisting openings without the need for formwork, including bottom formwork reinforcement and dismantling. Therefore, we propose a method for closing high-ceilinged material hoisting openings without the need for formwork. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for enclosed construction of ultra-high clearance materials with reserved hoisting openings without the need for formwork support, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for enclosing an ultra-high clearance material hoisting opening without the need for formwork support, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step A, material preparation before construction begins, specifically includes:

[0006] Step A1: Select H-beams that conform to national standards as the main beam. The specifications of the H-beams are determined based on the size of the lifting opening and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-beams with a section height between 200-500mm are selected, such as H300×300×10×15 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness). The H-beams should have sufficient strength and stiffness, with a yield strength of not less than 235MPa.

[0007] Step A2: Scaffolding steel pipes are preferred for connection and support; the steel pipe specifications are typically an outer diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.5mm. The steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel, which has good toughness and weldability;

[0008] Step A3: Prepare the tie rods for connection and fixation; select high-strength tie rods, typically with a diameter of 12-16mm, and made of Q235 or higher strength steel. The length of the tie rod is determined based on the size of the lifting port and reinforcement requirements, generally between 1-3m. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the tie rod. The washer dimensions are generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nuts should match the tie rod to ensure a tight fit.

[0009] Step B, pre-construction preparation: Detailed measurements are taken of the reserved material hoisting openings for the extra-high clearance; the dimensions, location, and clearance height of the hoisting openings are determined. Based on the measurement results, the layout scheme of the H-beam main beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods, as well as the locations of the four small openings, are designed.

[0010] Step C, the construction steps, specifically include:

[0011] Step C1: Arrange the H-beams to support the main beams. Place the H-beams on the structures on both sides of the material hoisting opening. Secure the beams at the support points using embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts. Embedded parts should be pre-installed during structural construction. Post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, grouted, and installed according to design requirements. Correct the horizontal and vertical alignment of the H-beams, controlling the horizontal deviation within ±5mm and the vertical deviation within ±3mm. After correction, use temporary supports to secure the H-beams and prevent displacement.

[0012] Step C2: Steel pipe connection and support installation. Steel pipe connecting lugs are welded onto the H-beam main beam at the designed spacing. The lug thickness is generally 10-15mm, and the material is the same as the H-beam. Double-sided fillet welds should be used for the lug welding, with a weld height not less than 0.7 times the lug thickness. The steel pipes are inserted into the lugs and fixed using bolts or welding. The arrangement of the steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the included angle between adjacent steel pipes should preferably be controlled between 30° and 60°. The bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the underlying structure, which can be achieved by setting embedded parts in the structure or using anchor bolts.

[0013] Step C3: Arrange the tie rods. Drill holes at corresponding positions on the opposite sides of the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening. The hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the tie rod diameter to ensure the tie rods can pass through smoothly. Place washers on both ends of the tie rods and tighten the nuts. The spacing of the tie rods is determined according to the size of the material hoisting opening and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie rods should cooperate with the H-beam main beam and steel pipe supports to form an integrated tie-up reinforcement system, enhancing the deformation resistance of the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening.

[0014] Step D, setting up small openings: Determine the positions of four small openings on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting port. These openings are generally located near the four corners of the bottom formwork and should avoid major load-bearing components. The size of the openings is determined according to construction needs, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, use templates to pre-leave the small openings and reinforce the edges of the openings, such as by adding extra timber or angle steel, to prevent damage to the edges of the openings during construction.

[0015] Step E: Binding the reinforcement bars at the material hoisting opening. A steel mesh is laid on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening. The specifications and spacing of the reinforcement bars are determined according to design requirements, generally using 8-12mm diameter bars with a spacing of 150-200mm. The steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural reinforcement bars around the material hoisting opening, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0016] Step F, concrete pouring, is carried out using pumped concrete. Before pouring, the slump of the concrete is tested and controlled at 160-200mm to ensure the fluidity and pumpability of the concrete. The concrete should be poured in layers, with each layer controlled at a thickness of 300-500mm. During the pouring process, a vibrator is used for compaction, with the vibration interval controlled at 300-500mm to ensure the concrete is dense.

[0017] The concrete surface should be polished to achieve a flatness of ±3mm.

[0018] Step G, Curing and Finished Product Protection: After the concrete is poured, curing should be carried out in a timely manner. This can be done by covering it with plastic film and moisturizing cotton felt. The curing time should not be less than 7 days. During the curing period, the area around the material hoisting port should be protected to prevent collisions and damage.

[0019] Step H: Removal of the bottom formwork at the material hoisting opening. After the floor slab reaches its design strength, the bottom formwork at the material hoisting opening needs to be removed. First, remove the tie rods. Use a wrench to loosen the nuts at both ends of the tie rods, remove the washers, and pull out the tie rods. Insert removal tools (such as pry bars) into the four pre-set small holes and gradually pry the bottom formwork from the edge of the hole. During operation, pay attention to even pressure to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structure. As the bottom formwork loosens, use a small crane or manual hoist to lift the bottom formwork out of the material hoisting opening in sections through the small holes. During the lifting process, ensure that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and that the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing a safety accident. Finally, seal the four pre-reserved small holes.

[0020] In this technical solution, demolition tools (such as crowbars) are inserted into four pre-set small openings to gradually pry the bottom formwork, starting from the edge of the opening. During operation, even pressure should be applied to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structure. As the bottom formwork loosens, a small crane or manual hoist is used to lift the bottom formwork out of the material hoisting opening in sections through the small openings. During the lifting process, ensure the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets requirements and that the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing a safety accident. Finally, the four pre-reserved small openings are sealed. This method offers convenient construction by using a formwork-free scaffolding construction method, eliminating the traditional formwork erection and dismantling procedures, greatly simplifying the construction process and reducing the labor intensity of construction workers. It also features high structural stability, as the composite structural system formed by H-beam main beams, steel pipe connections, and tie rods can effectively bear the load on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening and above it, ensuring the stability of the material hoisting opening during construction. The use of tie rods effectively resists lateral deformation of the bottom formwork; it offers high construction efficiency, with a relatively clear construction process and convenient installation of H-beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods, significantly shortening the construction cycle and improving efficiency. Simultaneously, the four small openings facilitate subsequent bottom formwork removal, reducing difficulty and time. It is cost-effective, as it eliminates the need for formwork materials and labor costs, lowering construction costs. The shortened construction cycle indirectly reduces management costs. It also enhances construction safety, avoiding the risks of high-altitude operations during formwork construction in ultra-high clearance environments, thus improving safety. The reinforced material hoisting opening exhibits good stability during subsequent construction. The small openings facilitated the removal of the bottom formwork, meeting project schedule and quality requirements, and shortening the construction period by 50%. After construction, the material hoisting opening was well-sealed, with no safety accidents occurring during construction. Construction costs and time were effectively controlled, providing an efficient, economical, and safe construction solution with broad application prospects.

[0021] In the above technical solution, further, in step A1, the specifications of the H-beam are determined according to the size of the hoisting opening and the load-bearing requirements, and generally H-beams with a cross-sectional height between 200-500mm are selected.

[0022] In this technical solution, the preferred construction method is to use H400×400×15×20 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness) steel pipes of the corresponding specifications and tie rods with a diameter of 14mm. The H-beams should have sufficient strength and rigidity, with a yield strength of not less than 235MPa.

[0023] In the above technical solution, further, in step A2, the steel pipe specifications are usually an outer diameter of 48mm, a wall thickness of 3.5mm, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

[0024] In this technical solution, the steel pipe material has good toughness and weldability.

[0025] In the above technical solution, further, in step A3, a high-strength tie rod is preferred. The diameter of the tie rod is usually 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel.

[0026] In this technical solution, the length of the tie rod is determined according to the size of the lifting port and the reinforcement requirements, and is generally between 1-3m. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the tie rod. The washer size is generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nuts should match the tie rod to ensure a tight fit.

[0027] In the above technical solution, further, in step B, the arrangement scheme of H-beam main beam, steel pipe support and tie rod and the position of four small openings are designed according to the measurement results, and the quality of H-beam, steel pipe and tie rod is checked.

[0028] In this technical solution, the materials, specifications, and quality of the H-beams, steel pipes, and tie rods must meet the design requirements. The materials must be surface-cleaned to remove oil, rust, and other impurities.

[0029] In the above technical solution, further, in step C1, at the resting position, embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts are used for fixing, and the horizontality and verticality of the H-beam are corrected. The horizontality deviation is controlled within ±5mm, and the verticality deviation is controlled within ±3mm. After correction, temporary supports are used to fix the H-beam.

[0030] In this technical solution, the embedded parts should be pre-installed during structural construction, and the post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, grouted, and implanted according to the design requirements; after correction, temporary supports are used to fix the H-beam main beam to prevent its displacement.

[0031] In the above technical solution, further, in step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the ear plate and fixed by bolts or welding.

[0032] In this technical solution, the arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the included angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30° and 60°; the bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the structure below, which can be done by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts on the structure.

[0033] In the above technical solution, further, in step C3, the tie rod is passed through the drilled hole, and washers are put on both ends of the tie rod and nuts are tightened.

[0034] In this technical solution, the aperture should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tie rod to ensure that the tie rod can pass through smoothly. The spacing of the tie rods is determined according to the size of the lifting opening and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie rods should cooperate with the H-beam main beam and steel pipe support to form an integral tie and reinforcement system, enhancing the deformation resistance of the bottom formwork of the lifting opening.

[0035] In the above technical solution, further, in step D, the size of the small opening is determined according to the needs of construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, a template is used to pre-leave the small opening, and the edge of the opening is reinforced.

[0036] In this technical solution, additional timber or angle steel can be added to prevent damage to the edges of the opening during construction.

[0037] In the above technical solution, further, in step E, the specifications and spacing of the reinforcing bars are determined according to the design requirements, generally using reinforcing bars with a diameter of 8-12mm and a spacing of 150-200mm.

[0038] In this technical solution, the steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the material hoisting opening, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0040] 1. This ultra-high clearance pre-reserved material hoisting port closed construction method eliminates the need for formwork support and is convenient to construct. By adopting a construction method that eliminates the need for formwork support and dismantling, the traditional formwork construction process is eliminated, greatly simplifying the construction process and reducing the labor intensity of construction workers.

[0041] 2. This ultra-high clearance pre-reserved material hoisting opening closed construction method, which eliminates the need for formwork scaffolding, features high structural stability. The composite structural system formed by H-beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods effectively withstands the loads on the bottom formwork of the hoisting opening and above it, ensuring the stability of the hoisting opening during construction. The tie rods effectively resist lateral deformation of the bottom formwork.

[0042] 3. This ultra-high clearance, pre-reserved material hoisting opening, closed construction method that eliminates the need for formwork support, offers high construction efficiency. The construction process is relatively clear, and the installation of H-beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods is convenient, significantly shortening the construction cycle and improving efficiency. Furthermore, the four small openings facilitate subsequent removal of the bottom formwork, reducing the difficulty and time required for dismantling.

[0043] 4. This ultra-high clearance pre-reserved material hoisting port closed construction method, which eliminates the need for formwork and scaffolding, is characterized by low cost and high efficiency. Since it eliminates the need for formwork materials and corresponding labor costs, it reduces construction costs. Simultaneously, it shortens the construction period, indirectly reducing management costs during the construction process.

[0044] 5. This ultra-high clearance reserved material hoisting port closed construction method, which eliminates the need for formwork support, improves construction safety. In ultra-high clearance environments, it avoids the risks of high-altitude operations caused by formwork construction, thus enhancing construction safety.

[0045] 6. This method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance structures without the need for formwork support is described. The hoisting opening measures 3m × 10m, with a clearance height of 10m. H-beams of H400 × 400 × 15 × 20 mm, corresponding steel pipes, and 14mm diameter tie rods were used, along with appropriately sized small openings. After reinforcement, the hoisting opening demonstrated good stability during subsequent construction. During the bottom formwork removal phase, the small openings facilitated dismantling, meeting project schedule and quality requirements, and shortening the construction period by 50%. The hoisting opening enclosure was of good quality, with no safety accidents occurring during construction. Construction costs and time were effectively controlled, providing an efficient, economical, and safe construction solution for the building construction industry, with broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the H-beam steel process in this invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the steel pipe in this invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the tie rod in this invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the pre-construction preparation process in this invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the arrangement of the H-beams supporting the main beams in this invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the steel pipe connection and support installation process in this invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the arrangement of the tie rods in this invention;

[0054] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating the design of the small opening in this invention;

[0055] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the process for tying the reinforcing bars at the material hoisting port in this invention;

[0056] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the concrete pouring process in this invention;

[0057] Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the curing and finished product protection process in this invention;

[0058] Figure 13 This is a flowchart of the process for removing the bottom formwork of the material hoisting port in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-13 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for enclosing an ultra-high clearance material hoisting opening without the need for formwork support, including the following operation steps:

[0061] Step A, material preparation before construction begins, specifically includes:

[0062] Step A1: Select H-beams that conform to national standards as the main beam. The specifications of the H-beams are determined based on the size of the lifting opening and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-beams with a section height between 200-500mm are selected, such as H300×300×10×15 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness). The H-beams should have sufficient strength and stiffness, with a yield strength of not less than 235MPa.

[0063] Step A2: Scaffolding steel pipes are preferred for connection and support; the steel pipe specifications are typically an outer diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.5mm. The steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel, which has good toughness and weldability;

[0064] Step A3: Prepare the tie rods for connection and fixation; select high-strength tie rods, typically with a diameter of 12-16mm, and made of Q235 or higher strength steel. The length of the tie rod is determined based on the size of the lifting port and reinforcement requirements, generally between 1-3m. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the tie rod. The washer dimensions are generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness). The nuts should match the tie rod to ensure a tight fit.

[0065] Step B, pre-construction preparation: Detailed measurements are taken of the reserved material hoisting openings for the extra-high clearance; the dimensions, location, and clearance height of the hoisting openings are determined. Based on the measurement results, the layout scheme of the H-beam main beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods, as well as the locations of the four small openings, are designed.

[0066] Step C, the construction steps, specifically include:

[0067] Step C1: Arrange the H-beams to support the main beams. Place the H-beams on the structures on both sides of the material hoisting opening. Secure the beams at the support points using embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts. Embedded parts should be pre-installed during structural construction. Post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, grouted, and installed according to design requirements. Correct the horizontal and vertical alignment of the H-beams, controlling the horizontal deviation within ±5mm and the vertical deviation within ±3mm. After correction, use temporary supports to secure the H-beams and prevent displacement.

[0068] Step C2: Steel pipe connection and support installation. Steel pipe connecting lugs are welded onto the H-beam main beam at the designed spacing. The lug thickness is generally 10-15mm, and the material is the same as the H-beam. Double-sided fillet welds should be used for the lug welding, with a weld height not less than 0.7 times the lug thickness. The steel pipes are inserted into the lugs and fixed using bolts or welding. The arrangement of the steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the included angle between adjacent steel pipes should preferably be controlled between 30° and 60°. The bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the underlying structure, which can be achieved by setting embedded parts in the structure or using anchor bolts.

[0069] Step C3: Arrange the tie rods. Drill holes at corresponding positions on the opposite sides of the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening. The hole diameter should be 2-3mm larger than the tie rod diameter to ensure the tie rods can pass through smoothly. Place washers on both ends of the tie rods and tighten the nuts. The spacing of the tie rods is determined according to the size of the material hoisting opening and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie rods should cooperate with the H-beam main beam and steel pipe supports to form an integrated tie-up reinforcement system, enhancing the deformation resistance of the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening.

[0070] Step D, setting up small openings: Determine the positions of four small openings on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting port. These openings are generally located near the four corners of the bottom formwork and should avoid major load-bearing components. The size of the openings is determined according to construction needs, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, use templates to pre-leave the small openings and reinforce the edges of the openings, such as by adding extra timber or angle steel, to prevent damage to the edges of the openings during construction.

[0071] Step E: Binding the reinforcement bars at the material hoisting opening. A steel mesh is laid on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening. The specifications and spacing of the reinforcement bars are determined according to design requirements, generally using 8-12mm diameter bars with a spacing of 150-200mm. The steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural reinforcement bars around the material hoisting opening, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0072] Step F, concrete pouring, is carried out using pumped concrete. Before pouring, the slump of the concrete is tested and controlled at 160-200mm to ensure the fluidity and pumpability of the concrete. The concrete should be poured in layers, with each layer controlled at a thickness of 300-500mm. During the pouring process, a vibrator is used for compaction, with the vibration interval controlled at 300-500mm to ensure the concrete is dense.

[0073] The concrete surface should be polished to achieve a flatness of ±3mm.

[0074] Step G, Curing and Finished Product Protection: After the concrete is poured, curing should be carried out in a timely manner. This can be done by covering it with plastic film and moisturizing cotton felt. The curing time should not be less than 7 days. During the curing period, the area around the material hoisting port should be protected to prevent collisions and damage.

[0075] Step H: Removal of the bottom formwork at the material hoisting opening. After the floor slab reaches its design strength, the bottom formwork at the material hoisting opening needs to be removed. First, remove the tie rods. Use a wrench to loosen the nuts at both ends of the tie rods, remove the washers, and pull out the tie rods. Insert removal tools (such as pry bars) into the four pre-set small holes and gradually pry the bottom formwork from the edge of the hole. During operation, pay attention to even pressure to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structure. As the bottom formwork loosens, use a small crane or manual hoist to lift the bottom formwork out of the material hoisting opening in sections through the small holes. During the lifting process, ensure that the lifting capacity of the lifting equipment meets the requirements and that the operation is smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing a safety accident. Finally, seal the four pre-reserved small holes.

[0076] The process involves inserting demolition tools (such as crowbars) into four pre-set small openings to gradually pry the bottom formwork, starting from the edge of the opening. During operation, even pressure should be applied to avoid excessive damage to the bottom formwork and surrounding structure. As the bottom formwork loosens, a small crane or manual hoist is used to lift it out of the material hoisting opening in sections through the small openings. During lifting, the lifting capacity of the equipment must be ensured to meet requirements, and the operation must be smooth to prevent the bottom formwork from falling and causing accidents. Finally, the four pre-reserved small openings are sealed. This method offers ease of construction, eliminating the need for traditional formwork erection and dismantling, greatly simplifying the construction process and reducing the labor intensity of construction workers. It also boasts high structural stability, as the composite structural system formed by H-beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods effectively bears the load on the bottom formwork of the material hoisting opening and above it, ensuring the stability of the material hoisting opening during construction. The use of tie rods effectively resists lateral deformation of the bottom formwork; it offers high construction efficiency, with a relatively clear construction process and convenient installation of H-beams, steel pipe supports, and tie rods, significantly shortening the construction cycle and improving efficiency. Simultaneously, the four small openings facilitate subsequent bottom formwork removal, reducing difficulty and time. It is cost-effective, as it eliminates the need for formwork materials and labor costs, lowering construction costs. The shortened construction cycle indirectly reduces management costs. It also enhances construction safety, avoiding the risks of high-altitude operations during formwork construction in ultra-high clearance environments, thus improving safety. The reinforced material hoisting opening exhibits good stability during subsequent construction. The small openings facilitated the removal of the bottom formwork, meeting project schedule and quality requirements, and shortening the construction period by 50%. After construction, the material hoisting opening was well-sealed, with no safety accidents occurring during construction. Construction costs and time were effectively controlled, providing an efficient, economical, and safe construction solution with broad application prospects.

[0077] Example 2: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step A1, the specifications of the H-beams are determined according to the size of the material hoisting opening and the load-bearing requirements. Generally, H-beams with a cross-sectional height between 200-500mm are selected.

[0078] Among them, the following should be preferred for construction: H400×400×15×20 (height×width×web thickness×flange thickness), corresponding specifications of steel pipe and tie rod with a diameter of 14mm. The H-beam should have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the yield strength should not be less than 235MPa.

[0079] Example 3: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step A2, the steel pipe is usually 48mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in wall thickness, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

[0080] Among them, steel pipes have good toughness and weldability.

[0081] Example 4: This example provides a method for enclosing a high-clearance material hoisting opening without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step A3, high-strength tie rods are preferred. The diameter of the tie rod is usually 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel.

[0082] The length of the tie rod is determined based on the size of the lifting port and the reinforcement requirements, and is generally between 1 and 3 meters. Nuts and washers are provided at both ends of the tie rod. The washers are generally 50×50×5mm (length×width×thickness), and the nuts should match the tie rod to ensure a tight fit.

[0083] Example 5: This example provides a method for enclosing a high-clearance material hoisting opening without the need for formwork. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step B, the arrangement of the H-beam main beam, steel pipe support and tie rods and the position of the four small openings are designed according to the measurement results, and the quality of the H-beam, steel pipe and tie rods is checked.

[0084] This includes ensuring that the materials, specifications, and quality of the H-beams, steel pipes, and tie rods meet the design requirements. The materials must be surface-cleaned to remove oil, rust, and other impurities.

[0085] Example 6: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance structures without the need for formwork. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step C1, at the support location, embedded parts or post-installed anchor bolts are used for fixing. The horizontal and vertical deviations of the H-beam are corrected, with the horizontal deviation controlled within ±5mm and the vertical deviation controlled within ±3mm. After correction, temporary supports are used to fix the H-beam.

[0086] Among them, the embedded parts should be pre-embedded during the structural construction, and the post-installed anchor bolts should be drilled, cleaned, glued and implanted in accordance with the design requirements; after correction, temporary supports should be used to fix the H-beam main beam to prevent its displacement.

[0087] Example 7: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the ear plate and fixed by bolts or welding.

[0088] The arrangement of steel pipes should form a stable support system, and the included angle between adjacent steel pipes should be controlled between 30° and 60°. The bottom of the steel pipe support should be reliably connected to the structure below, which can be done by setting embedded parts or anchor bolts in the structure.

[0089] Example 8: This example provides a method for enclosing a high-clearance material hoisting opening without the need for formwork. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step C3, the tie rod is passed through the drilled hole, and washers are put on both ends of the tie rod and nuts are tightened.

[0090] The aperture should be 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the tie rod to ensure that the tie rod can pass through smoothly. The spacing of the tie rods is determined according to the size of the lifting opening and the stress conditions, generally 400-600mm. The tie rods should cooperate with the H-beam main beam and steel pipe support to form an integrated tie and reinforcement system, enhancing the deformation resistance of the bottom formwork of the lifting opening.

[0091] Example 9: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step D, the size of the small opening is determined according to the needs of the construction operation, generally 300×300mm-500×500mm. During the bottom formwork laying process, a template is used to pre-reserve the small opening, and the edge of the opening is reinforced.

[0092] This includes adding extra timber or angle steel to prevent damage to the edges of the opening during construction.

[0093] Example 10: This example provides a method for enclosing a pre-reserved material hoisting opening in ultra-high clearance without the need for formwork support. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: In step E, the specifications and spacing of the reinforcing bars are determined according to the design requirements. Generally, reinforcing bars with a diameter of 8-12mm and a spacing of 150-200mm are used.

[0094] The steel mesh should be reliably connected to the structural steel bars around the material hoisting opening, which can be done by binding or welding.

[0095] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A construction method for closing a super-high-clearance reserved material hoist opening without erecting a formwork support frame, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step A, material preparation before starting, specifically comprising: Step A1, selecting H-shaped steel meeting national standards as the main beam; Step A2, preferentially using scaffold steel pipes as connecting supports; Step A3, preparing the tensioning screw for connection and fixation; Step B, preliminary preparation before construction, measuring the material hoisting opening in detail; Step C, construction steps, specifically comprising: Step C1, arranging the H-shaped steel main beam, placing the H-shaped steel main beam on the structure on both sides of the material hoisting opening; Step C2, installing the steel pipe connecting support, welding the steel pipe connecting lug on the H-shaped steel main beam according to the design interval, and the lug welding should adopt double fillet welding; Step C3, arranging the tensioning screw, drilling holes on the opposite sides of the formwork of the material hoisting opening; Step D, setting small holes, determining the positions of the four small holes on the material hoisting opening formwork; Step E, reinforcing bar binding of the material hoisting opening, laying the reinforcing mesh on the material hoisting opening formwork; Step F, concrete pouring, pouring the concrete by pumping, and detecting the slump of the concrete before pouring, and the slump is controlled within 160-200mm; Step G, curing and finished product protection, curing in time after the concrete pouring is completed; Step H, removing the material hoisting opening formwork, after the construction of the floor slab is completed and the strength reaches the design strength, the material hoisting opening formwork needs to be removed, first removing the tensioning screw, loosening the nuts at both ends of the tensioning screw by using a wrench, taking out the gasket, and pulling out the tensioning screw; through the four small holes set in advance, the removal tool is inserted into the hole, and the formwork is gradually pried from the edge of the hole; attention should be paid to uniform force during operation to avoid excessive damage to the formwork and the surrounding structure; with the loosening of the formwork, the small hoisting equipment such as the small crane or the manual hoist is used to hoist the formwork out of the material hoisting opening in sections through the small holes; during the hoisting process, the hoisting capacity of the hoisting equipment should meet the requirements, and the operation should be stable to prevent the formwork from falling and causing safety accidents; finally, the four small holes reserved are closed.

2. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved crane material opening free-form supporting frame body closure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A1, the specification of the H-shaped steel is determined according to the size and bearing requirement of the material hoisting opening, and the H-shaped steel with a cross-sectional height of 200-500mm is generally selected.

3. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved material hanging port free-form supporting frame body closure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A2, the steel pipe generally has an outer diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.5mm, and the steel pipe material should be Q235 grade steel.

4. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved-slinging-port scaffold-free-formwork-erecting-frame body closure, according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step A3, high-strength tensioning screws are preferentially selected, and the screw diameter is generally 12-16mm, and the material is Q235 or higher strength steel.

5. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved-slinging-port scaffold-free-formwork-erecting-frame body closure, according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step B, the arrangement scheme of the H-shaped steel main beam, the steel pipe support and the tensioning screw and the positions of the four small holes are designed according to the measurement results, and the quality of the H-shaped steel, the steel pipe and the tensioning screw is checked.

6. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved-slinging-port scaffold-free-formwork-erecting-frame body closure, according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step C1, at the placement position, the H-shaped steel main beam is fixed by using embedded parts or post-positioned anchors, and the horizontal and vertical degrees of the H-shaped steel main beam are corrected, the horizontal degree deviation is controlled within ±5mm, and the vertical degree deviation is controlled within ±3mm, and after correction, the H-shaped steel main beam is fixed by using temporary supports.

7. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved-slinging-port scaffold-free-formwork-erecting-frame body closure, according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step C2, the steel pipe is inserted into the lug and fixed by using bolts or welding.

8. The construction method of claim 1, wherein the construction method is characterized by: In step C3, the tensioning screw is inserted through the hole, and the gasket is sleeved on both ends of the screw and the nuts are tightened.

9. The construction method of the super-high-clearance reserved-slinging-port scaffold-free-formwork-erecting-frame body closure, according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step D, the size of the small hole is determined according to the construction operation needs, generally 300x300mm-500x500mm, in the process of laying the bottom mold, the template is used to pre-leave the small hole, and the edge of the hole is reinforced.

10. The construction method of claim 1, wherein the construction method is characterized by: In step E, the steel specification and spacing are determined according to the design requirements, generally using steel with a diameter of 8-12mm, and the spacing is 150-200mm.

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