Efficient and high-activity collection device and method for field pollen

Abstract

The invention relates to an efficient and high-activity collection device and method for field pollen, the method comprises the steps that pollen is collected by a pollen collection device with a cooling bin and stored in the cooling bin, collection cloth used for intercepting the pollen is arranged on a pollen conveying channel of the pollen collection device, and the collection cloth intercepts the pollen on the surface of the collection cloth; then the collecting cloth is conveyed into a cooling bin, and the collecting cloth located at one end of the cooling bin is stored after being wound by a cloth winding roller; the cloth collecting roller is detachably arranged in the cooling bin. The method and the device can be widely applied to mechanical collection and storage of pollen of gramineous crops or crops needing artificial supplementary pollination, pollen collection efficiency is improved, pollen vitality and pollination setting rate are guaranteed to a greater extent, and requirements of large-scale production of crop hybrids on pollen are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pollen collection, and particularly relates to a device and method for efficiently collecting high-vitality pollen in the field. Background Art

[0002] Pollen plays an important role in the sexual reproduction of plants. The paternal genetic information transmitted after pollen germination is the key to seed formation. The collection, storage of pollen, and pollen vitality are the basis of seed production and important links in male sterile line breeding and hybrid seed production. Before crop hybrid seed production, a large amount of pollen from male parent materials is required for hybridization. For example, in the hybridization breeding of crops such as corn and rice, collecting pollen from excellent male parents for artificial pollination can significantly improve the yield and resistance of the offspring. Therefore, how to collect pollen and maintain its vitality is the key to hybrid seed production.

[0003] Currently, the methods for collecting pollen in the field mainly include manual pollen collection, mechanical vibration pollen collection, or air-suction pollen collection, etc. Taking rice as an example, the method of manual pollen collection has a large workload and low efficiency and is not applicable; the method of mechanical vibration pollen collection is likely to damage rice plants, ultimately resulting in a reduction in yield; while the air-suction pollen collection method adsorbs pollen through air flow and combines a cooling system to ensure high pollen vitality, which is applicable to the pollen collection of hybrid crops such as hybrid rice or crops that require artificial assisted pollination.

[0004] In the prior art, the working principle of the air-suction pollen collection device that can be actually applied in the field is to suck pollen into the cooling bin through a fan for cooling. However, the heat generated by the fan operation will affect the temperature of the cooling bin, and the scattered pollen collected in the cooling bin still needs to be manually cleaned and collected again from the cooling bin. The operation is cumbersome and will also cause certain damage to the pollen, reducing the pollen vitality performance. For this reason, the present invention provides a device and method for efficiently collecting high-vitality pollen in the field to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for efficiently collecting high-vitality pollen in the field to solve the above problems.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for efficiently collecting high-vitality pollen in the field, which uses a pollen collection device with a cooling bin to collect pollen and store it in the cooling bin. A collection cloth for intercepting pollen is provided on the pollen delivery channel of the pollen collection device. The collection cloth intercepts the pollen on its surface and then transports it to the cooling bin. The collection cloth at one end of the cooling bin is wound up by a cloth winding roller and stored; the cloth winding roller is detachably arranged in the cooling bin.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the pneumatic pollen collection device also includes a pneumatic collecting bin, which has a fan or is connected to the fan. The pollen is first sucked into the collecting bin, then intercepted by the collecting cloth in the collecting bin, and finally transported to the cooling bin by the collecting cloth to be rolled up and stored.

[0009] The present invention also provides a field pollen high-efficiency and high-vitality collection device for implementing the above method, comprising a collecting bin and a cooling bin, and also comprising a collecting cloth, one end of which passes through the collecting bin and extends into the cooling bin, and is rolled up on a cloth collecting roller; the collecting cloth located in the collecting bin is separated from the pollen transport path of the collecting bin, and is used to intercept the inhaled pollen and transport the pollen to the cooling bin for rolling up.

[0010] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the collecting bin is flat, and the collecting cloth runs through two flat surfaces of the collecting bin; the cooling bin is used for refrigerating and drying the collected pollen.

[0011] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the collecting cloth is a breathable cotton cloth, meltblown cloth or non-woven fabric.

[0012] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the surface of the collecting cloth is inclined and arranged at an acute angle to the transport direction of the pollen, so that the pollen can fall on the surface of the collecting cloth by gravity.

[0013] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a fan and a powder inlet pipe are provided on the collecting bin, and the fan and the powder inlet pipe are respectively arranged on both sides of the collecting cloth.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the powder inlet end of the powder inlet pipe is also provided with a powder suction cover, and a filter is provided in the powder inlet pipe and / or the powder suction cover to filter out larger impurities such as mixed anthers, leaves, insects, etc. when inhaling pollen.

[0015] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, a driving mechanism is provided on the cloth collecting roller.

[0016] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the other end of the collecting cloth is rolled up on a cloth-releasing roller, and the cloth-receiving roller and the cloth-releasing roller are detachably connected to a fixing frame.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a plurality of raised ribs are provided on the collecting surface of the collecting cloth, and the raised ribs are arranged in a criss-cross pattern to form a cavity for accommodating pollen, thereby reducing the squeezing effect on the pollen and ensuring the vitality of the pollen.

[0018] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the raised ribs located at the edge of the collecting cloth are continuous and uninterrupted, and the raised ribs between the remaining two adjacent chambers are provided with holes that allow pollen to leak into the adjacent chamber.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1) The method and device of the present invention can be widely applied to the mechanized collection and storage of pollen from gramineous crops or crops that require artificial assisted pollination. While improving the pollen collection efficiency, it can also maximize the pollen viability and pollination and fruiting rate, meeting the demand for pollen in the large-scale production of crop hybrids;

[0021] 2) The present invention sucks the pollen of the target crop through the collection bin, and the pollen is collected and attached to the collection cloth under the action of suction. The collection bin is flat, which can reduce the influence of the heat of the fan on the cooling bin and improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling source. As the collection cloth is conveyed, it will enter the interior of the cooling bin. During the conveying process inside the cooling bin, the collection cloth with pollen collected on it will be quickly and evenly cooled. The pollen collected on the collection cloth is cooled and then stored in the cooling bin in a rolled state with the collection cloth being rolled up, which can maximize the pollen viability and pollination and fruiting rate;

[0022] 3) The present invention forms a number of chambers through the criss-crossed raised ribs and is provided with a number of holes. When the collection cloth is wound on the cloth take-up roller, the raised ribs can play a role in separating adjacent layers of the collection cloth, providing a certain space for the pollen to reduce the extrusion effect on the pollen and better ensuring the pollen viability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention (with a dotted-line version of the drive mechanism).

[0025] Figure 3 is the Figure 1 front view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is the Figure 1 top view of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 is the top view of the collection cloth of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 is the side sectional view of the collection cloth of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 11, collection bin; 12, fan; 13, powder inlet pipe; 14, powder suction hood; 2, cooling bin; 3, collection cloth; 31, raised rib; 32, chamber; 33, hole; 41, cloth take-up roller; 42, cloth pay-off roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0031] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a field pollen collection device with high efficiency and high vitality includes a collecting bin 11 and a cooling bin 2, and also includes a collecting cloth 3, one end of the collecting cloth 3 passes through the collecting bin 11 and extends into the cooling bin 2, and is rolled up on a cloth collecting roller 41; the collecting cloth 3 located in the collecting bin 11 is separated from the pollen transport path of the collecting bin 11, and is used to intercept the inhaled pollen and transport the pollen to the cooling bin 2 for rolling up.

[0032] Preferably, the collecting bin 11 is flat, and the collecting cloth 3 penetrates two flat surfaces of the collecting bin 11; the cooling bin 2 is used for refrigerating and drying the collected pollen.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, liquid CO 2 or liquid N 2 The collected pollen is cooled inside the cooling chamber 2 by using refrigeration as a cooling source or by using a compressor.

[0034] The wind force driven by the fan 12 to transport pollen flows parallel to the top of the cooling bin 2, effectively reducing the loss of cooling source in the cooling bin 2, improving the utilization efficiency of the cooling source, reducing the impact of the heat of the fan 12 on the cooling bin 2, and better maintaining the low temperature state inside the cooling bin 2.

[0035] Preferably, the collecting cloth 3 is a breathable cotton cloth, meltblown cloth or non-woven fabric, which plays a role in drying the pollen to a certain extent.

[0036] Preferably, the surface of the collecting cloth 3 is inclined and is set at an acute angle to the conveying direction of the pollen, so as to catch the pollen conveyed from the pollen inlet pipe 13 and the collecting bin 11 and collect the pollen on the surface of the collecting cloth 3.

[0037] Preferably, the collecting bin 11 is provided with a fan 12 and a powder inlet pipe 13 , and the fan 12 and the powder inlet pipe 13 are respectively arranged on both sides of the collecting cloth 3 .

[0038] Preferably, a powder suction cover 14 is further provided at the powder inlet end of the powder inlet pipe 13, and a filter is provided inside the powder inlet pipe 13 and / or the powder suction cover 14 to filter out larger impurities mixed in flowers, leaves, etc. when inhaling pollen.

[0039] Preferably, the cloth collecting roller 41 is provided with a driving mechanism.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes, but is not limited to, a servo motor, and also includes an integral structure composed of a servo motor and a speed reducer.

[0041] Preferably, the other end of the collecting cloth 3 is wound around the cloth-releasing roller 42, and the cloth-collecting roller 41 and the cloth-releasing roller 42 are detachably connected to the fixing frame, which is convenient for placing and taking out the collecting cloth 3.

[0042] Preferably, a plurality of raised ribs 31 are provided on the collecting surface of the collecting cloth 3, and the raised ribs 31 are arranged vertically and horizontally to form chambers 32 for accommodating pollen. When the collecting cloth 3 is wound around the cloth-collecting roller 41, the raised ribs 31 can play a role in separating adjacent two layers of the collecting cloth 3, providing a certain space for the pollen to reduce the extrusion effect on the pollen.

[0043] Preferably, the raised ribs 31 at the edge of the collecting cloth 3 are continuous and unbroken, and holes 33 allowing pollen to leak into adjacent chambers 32 are provided on the raised ribs 31 between the remaining adjacent two chambers 32. If there is more pollen or uneven dispersion in a single chamber 32, in order to reduce the long-term extrusion effect of the collecting cloth 3 wound into the inner layer on the pollen in the chamber 32 wound into the outer layer, the excess pollen in this chamber 32 can be leaked out through the holes 33 and transported to other chambers 32.

[0044] Placing the device of the present application on a mobile trolley can be used to collect field pollen. During actual use, the speed of inhaling pollen, as well as the temperature and humidity of the cooling chamber 2, are adjusted according to the pollen habits of different crops. The field pollen collection method specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Start the fan 12, align the pollen suction hood 14 with the pollen position of the target crop, and suck the pollen of the target crop through the pollen suction hood 14 by the suction of the fan 12, and then transport it to the inside of the collection bin 11 through the powder inlet pipe 13;

[0046] S2. While inhaling pollen, start the driving mechanism. The operation of the driving mechanism will drive the cloth-collecting roller 41 to rotate to wind the collecting cloth 3, and make the cloth-releasing roller 9 continuously release the collecting cloth 3 as the collecting cloth 3 is wound. Under the action of suction, the pollen inside the collection bin 11 will be continuously collected and attached to the surface of the continuously conveyed collecting cloth 3. As the collecting cloth 3 is conveyed, the pollen will enter the cooling chamber 2. The collecting cloth 3 with pollen will be quickly and evenly cooled during the conveying process in the cooling chamber 2, and then the pollen will be wound into a roll with the collecting cloth 3 and stored inside the cooling chamber 2.

[0047] The device and method of the present invention have strong applicability and can be widely used in the mechanical collection and storage of pollen from gramineous crops or crops that require artificial assisted pollination (hybrid rice and some fruits and vegetables), improving the pollen collection efficiency while maximizing the pollen viability and pollination and seed setting rate, and meeting the demand for pollen in the large-scale production of crop hybrids.

[0048] In order to compare the pollen viability of the pollen collected by the device and method of the present invention with that of fresh pollen, the following experiments were conducted and compared according to the actual data. In this embodiment, the pollen collected by the device and method is still exemplified by rice seeds; the male parent is YR0822 and the female parent is 1892S.

[0049] I. Material planting; In May, the male and female parents were planted in the experimental base; among them, the female parent 1892S was intensively planted in 3 plots (plots A, B, and C have the same specifications and an area of 2000 square meters each), so that the initial heading and flowering period of the female parent 1892S was concentrated around August 20th; among them, plots A and B were planted with the male and female parents in the same plot (1 row of male parent: 12 rows of female parent); plot A was the control plot, and seed production was carried out by artificial pollen shaking according to the conventional hybrid seed production method; plot B was kept under the same growth conditions as the sterile line as plot A before initial heading, the male parent was cut off in advance, and the pollen collected by the device of the present invention was used for pollination; plot C was planted with the female parent throughout the field, and the pollen collected by the device of the present invention was used for pollination; in addition, the male parent YR0822 was intensively planted in a plot 20 days earlier than the female parent 1892S.

[0050] II. Pollen collection; During the full flowering period of the male parent YR0822, the pollen was collected by the device and method of the present invention, and fresh pollen was collected by conventional methods for comparison;

[0051] III. Determination and verification of pollen viability; The pollen collected in the second step was taken out from the cooling and drying bin (1), and three experiments were carried out to verify the pollen viability; 1. The pollen was directly used for the determination of pollen viability after being taken out; 2. The collected pollen was given to the sterile line 1892S with the glumes cut in advance and then covered with kraft paper bags, and the pollen seed setting rate was counted after 30 days; 3. The collected pollen was given to plots A, B, and C of the female parent 1892S field in the first step, and the yield was measured after harvesting;

[0052] (1). Determination of pollen viability

[0053] The pollen viability was determined by the tetrazolium staining method. The pollen collected by the device of the present invention was used as the experimental group, and fresh pollen was used as the control group. ① Use forceps to pick up a small amount of pollen and place it on a glass slide, repeating 10 times. ② Drop 1-2 drops of 0.5% tetrazolium solution (0.5 g of tetrazolium dissolved in 100 ml of phosphate buffer at pH 7.0), and cover with a cover glass. ③ Stain at 35 °C and observe under a microscope. The pollen stained red has viability, and the colorless or light red pollen has no viability or weak viability.

[0054] Table 1 Results of pollen viability determination of pollen collected by the device of the present invention and control pollen

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Results of pollen viability determination (Table 1): The average viability of the pollen collected by the device of the present invention is 89.4%, and the average viability of the control, that is, fresh pollen, is 90.3%. There is no significant difference in pollen viability.

[0058] (2) Determination of pollen seed setting rate

[0059] The pollen collected by the device of the present invention was used to pollinate the sterile line 1892S with the glumes cut in advance, and then covered with kraft paper bags, repeating 10 times. After 30 days, the pollen seed setting rate was counted. At the same time, fresh pollen was used as the control.

[0060] Table 2 Results of pollen seed setting rate of pollen collected by the device of the present invention and control pollen

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] The results show (Table 2): The pollination seed setting rate of the pollen collected by the device of the present invention is 60.2%, and the seed setting rate of the control, that is, fresh pollen, is 67.8%. There is no significant difference in the seed setting rate.

[0064] (3) Determination of actual field yield

[0065] During the ripening period of the rice in the corresponding fields, the hybrid seeds were harvested respectively. After harvesting, drying, and yield measurement, etc., the yield of plot B increased by 6.1% compared with plot A, the yield of plot C increased by 9.8% compared with plot A, and the yield of plot C increased by 3.6% compared with plot B.

[0066] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collecting pollen in the field with high efficiency and high vitality, using a pollen collecting device with a cooling bin to collect pollen and store it in the cooling bin, characterized in that: A collecting cloth for intercepting pollen is provided on the pollen transport channel of the pollen collection device. The collecting cloth intercepts the pollen on its surface and then transports it to the cooling bin. The collecting cloth at one end of the cooling bin is rolled up by a cloth collecting roller and stored; the cloth collecting roller is detachably arranged in the cooling bin.

2. A method for collecting field pollen with high efficiency and high vitality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic pollen collecting device also includes a pneumatic collecting bin, which is connected to a fan. The pollen is first sucked into the collecting bin, then intercepted by a collecting cloth in the collecting bin, and finally transported to a cooling bin by the collecting cloth to be rolled up and stored.

3. A field pollen collection device with high efficiency and high vitality for implementing the method as claimed in claim 1, comprising a collection chamber and a cooling chamber, characterized in that: It also includes a collecting cloth, one end of which passes through the collecting bin and extends into the cooling bin and is rolled up on a cloth collecting roller; the collecting cloth located in the collecting bin is separated from the pollen transport passage of the collecting bin and is used to intercept the inhaled pollen and transport the pollen to the cooling bin for rolling up.

4. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting bin is flat, and the collecting cloth penetrates through two flat surfaces of the collecting bin; the cooling bin is used for refrigerating and drying the collected pollen.

5. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting cloth is a breathable cotton cloth, a melt-blown cloth or a non-woven fabric.

6. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the collecting cloth is inclined and is arranged at an acute angle to the transport direction of the pollen.

7. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The collecting bin is provided with a fan and a powder inlet pipe, and the fan and the powder inlet pipe are respectively arranged on both sides of the collecting cloth.

8. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The powder inlet end of the powder inlet pipe is also provided with a powder suction cover, and a filter screen is provided in the powder inlet pipe and / or the powder suction cover.

9. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cloth collecting roller is provided with a driving mechanism.

10. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the collecting cloth is rolled up on a cloth-releasing roller, and the cloth-releasing roller and the cloth-releasing roller are detachably connected to a fixing frame.

11. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of raised ribs are arranged on the collecting surface of the collecting cloth, and the raised ribs are arranged in a crisscross pattern to form a cavity for accommodating pollen.

12. The field pollen high efficiency and high vitality collection device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The raised ribs located at the edge of the collecting cloth are continuous and uninterrupted, and the raised ribs between the other two adjacent chambers are provided with holes that allow pollen to leak into the adjacent chambers.

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