Machining method of oil cylinder and oil cylinder

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining method of an oil cylinder and the oil cylinder. The machining method of the oil cylinder comprises the steps that a process threaded hole is formed in the small-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined, one end of a double-thread screw is used for being assembled with the process threaded hole, the other end of the double-thread screw is used for being assembled with a positioning disc of a lathe, the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined is assembled with an umbrella-shaped tip installed on a tailstock of the lathe, and the oil cylinder to be machined is attached to the end face of a four-jaw chuck of the lathe. Tightening the locking nut and the four-jaw chuck; an adjusting screw rod is arranged between the four-jaw chuck and the scapular plane of the oil cylinder to be machined, and the adjusting screw rod and the four-jaw chuck are adjusted respectively, so that the jerk value of the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined and the jerk value of an inner hole of the large-diameter end are smaller than or equal to 0.02; and turning the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined, and turning the first aperture section, the second aperture section and the third aperture section of the oil cylinder to be machined. The invention further provides the oil cylinder which is obtained through the machining method. The problems that an existing oil cylinder machining method is low in machining precision and efficiency and high in cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a processing method and an oil cylinder for an oil cylinder. Background Art

[0002] In a marine low-speed diesel engine, the exhaust valve assembly is one of its core components, and the oil cylinder is an important and indispensable part in the exhaust valve assembly. Marine low-speed diesel engines usually adopt the working principle of two-stroke or four-stroke. During the exhaust stroke, the burned exhaust gas is discharged from the cylinder to provide space for the next working cycle. In this process, the opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve is crucial for the performance and efficiency of the engine. The role of the oil cylinder in the exhaust valve assembly is mainly to provide power support for the movement of the exhaust valve. Therefore, the machining accuracy requirements for the oil cylinder are crucial.

[0003] However, there are many difficulties in the machining of the oil cylinder: the external shape and morphological characteristics of the oil cylinder belong to an irregular rotating body, and its inner hole is a stepped hole system with a length-diameter ratio greater than 13, belonging to the category of deep hole machining. In addition, the geometric tolerance requirements for the three holes and one end face of the oil cylinder are extremely high, and the machining difficulty is great. The traditional machining process usually uses a horizontal machining center for boring. First, the reference surface is machined, and then the reference surface is used for positioning and clamped by a pressing plate for machining. However, this method is prone to vibration during the machining process, resulting in ripples or uneven dimensions on the machined surface, thus having the problem of low machining accuracy. Moreover, boring requires multiple processes (such as rough boring, semi-finish boring, finish boring, honing, etc.), and the dispersion of processes leads to low machining efficiency and high costs. Therefore, with the continuous increase in the demand quantity of oil cylinder products, it is urgent to seek a process method with high machining accuracy, high efficiency, and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method and an oil cylinder for an oil cylinder to solve the problems of low machining accuracy, low efficiency, and high cost existing in the existing processing method of the oil cylinder.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A processing method for an oil cylinder includes the following steps: S1. Set a process threaded hole at the small-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be processed. Assemble and fix one end of a double-headed screw with the process threaded hole, and assemble and fix the other end of the double-headed screw with the positioning disk of the lathe through a locking nut. Assemble and fix the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be processed with the umbrella-shaped center installed on the lathe tailstock. Make the end face of the oil cylinder to be processed fit with the four-jaw chuck of the lathe, and tighten the locking nut and the four-jaw chuck to clamp the oil cylinder to be processed under the action of the pulling force of the double-headed screw and the clamping force of the four-jaw chuck; S2. Set an adjusting screw between the four-jaw chuck and the shoulder surface of the oil cylinder to be machined. By adjusting the adjusting screw, the runout of the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined is ≤ 0.02. By adjusting the jaws of the four-jaw chuck, the runout of the inner hole of the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined is ≤ 0.02, so as to achieve the alignment of the oil cylinder to be machined. S3. Turn the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined so that the flatness of the large-diameter end is ≤ 0.05. Sequentially turn the first aperture section, the second aperture section, and the third aperture section of the oil cylinder to be machined from the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined, so as to achieve the turning processing of the oil cylinder to be machined. The diameter of the first aperture section is larger than that of the second aperture section, and the diameter of the second aperture section is larger than that of the third aperture section.

[0006] According to the above technical means, through the cooperation of the double-headed screw, the positioning disc of the lathe, the umbrella-shaped center installed on the tailstock, and the four-jaw chuck, the stable clamping of the oil cylinder to be machined is realized. At the same time, through the adjusting screw and the jaws of the four-jaw chuck, the position of the oil cylinder to be machined can be accurately adjusted, so that the runouts of its large-diameter end and inner hole are both controlled within a very small range (≤ 0.02), thus ensuring the machining accuracy. This method realizes the continuous and efficient machining process by turning the large-diameter end and each aperture section of the oil cylinder to be machined in sequence. At the same time, since the position and runout of the oil cylinder to be machined can be accurately controlled during the machining process, the machining error and the rejection rate can be reduced, and the machining efficiency can be further improved. This method is applicable to the machining of oil cylinders with different specifications and sizes. Only need to adjust the relevant parameters such as the double-headed screw, the adjusting screw, and the four-jaw chuck according to the specific dimensions and requirements of the oil cylinder to be machined. Therefore, this method has high flexibility and versatility. This method ensures the stability and reliability of the oil cylinder to be machined during the machining process through an accurate clamping and alignment process. At the same time, since a standardized process flow and equipment are adopted during the machining process, the stability and consistency of the machining quality can be ensured. Thus, it effectively solves the problems of low machining accuracy and efficiency and high cost existing in the existing machining methods of oil cylinders.

[0007] Among them, the small-diameter end refers to the end face with a smaller diameter along the axis direction of the oil cylinder to be machined, and the large-diameter end refers to the end face with a larger diameter along the axis direction of the oil cylinder to be machined.

[0008] Preferably, in S2, the adjusting screw includes a double-headed stud and shoulder nuts arranged at both ends of the double-headed stud. By adjusting the shoulder nuts, the force on the shoulder surface of the oil cylinder to be machined is adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the runout of the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be machined.

[0009] Due to the uneven shape of the oil cylinder, directly clamping it with a lathe chuck cannot ensure stability. Therefore, an adjustment screw rod is ingeniously set. By rotating the shoulder nut on the adjustment screw rod, the force on the shoulder surface of the oil cylinder can be adjusted to adjust the runout of the large end face, and thus the alignment of the large end face of the oil cylinder can be simply achieved.

[0010] Preferably, in the step S3, it specifically includes: S31. Use a machine-clamped tool to turn the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be processed, so that the flatness of the large-diameter end ≤ 0.05; S32. Use a machine-clamped tool to turn the first hole diameter section of the oil cylinder to be processed from the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.4 mm, and then turn the chamfer of the first hole diameter section; S33. Use an anti-vibration turning tool to turn the second hole diameter section of the oil cylinder to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.7 mm; S34. Use an anti-vibration turning tool to turn the third hole diameter section of the oil cylinder to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.7 mm.

[0011] Through the ingenious combination of machine-clamped tools and anti-vibration turning tools, the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of each hole diameter section of the oil cylinder are effectively ensured. Especially when turning the large-diameter end and the hole diameter section, the machining allowance can be strictly controlled, thus ensuring the accuracy requirements of the final product. The turning process of the machine-clamped tool and the anti-vibration turning tool is stable, which can reduce the cutting force and vibration, avoid the generation of burrs and scratches, and significantly improve the surface quality of the oil cylinder. This method can achieve fast and efficient processing, shorten the production cycle, and improve the production efficiency through reasonable process arrangement and tool selection. This method is applicable to the processing of oil cylinders with different specifications and sizes, and only needs to adjust the tools and processing parameters, with strong flexibility and adaptability.

[0012] Preferably, in the step S31, when using a machine-clamped tool to turn the large-diameter end of the oil cylinder to be processed, it is done in two cuts, and the allowances for the two cuts are the same, removing 0.5 mm of allowance each time.

[0013] By making two cuts, the cutting force and cutting heat in the turning process are effectively controlled, avoiding the problems of excessive tool wear and workpiece deformation caused by removing a large amount of material at one time, thus improving the machining accuracy and surface quality. The allowances for the two cuts are the same, removing 0.5 mm of allowance each time. This uniform cutting method is conducive to maintaining the stability of the cutting process, reducing the vibration and noise caused by uneven cutting amounts, and further improving the machining efficiency and workpiece quality. In summary, this machining method realizes high-precision and high-quality oil cylinder processing through a fine cutting strategy, while ensuring the stability and efficiency of the processing process.

[0014] Preferably, in the step S32, when turning the first aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder using a clamped carbide tool, it is done in two passes. The first pass removes 0.5 mm of stock, and the second pass removes 0.3 mm of stock.

[0015] By turning the first aperture section in two passes, the cutting force and cutting temperature are effectively controlled. Removing 0.5 mm of stock in the first pass can rapidly reduce the size of the to-be-machined part, laying a foundation for subsequent fine machining. Removing 0.3 mm of stock in the second pass can further ensure the machining accuracy and surface quality, while reducing the vibration and heat accumulation caused by removing too much material at one time, improving the stability and safety of the machining process. In addition, the turning method in two passes is also beneficial to the heat dissipation and chip evacuation of the tool, prolonging the service life of the tool and reducing the production cost. At the same time, this machining method is easy to operate and is conducive to realizing automated production, helping to improve the production efficiency and machining quality.

[0016] Preferably, in the step S33, when turning the second aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder using an anti-vibration turning tool, it is done in two passes. The first pass removes 0.5 mm of stock, and the second pass removes 0.3 mm of stock.

[0017] When turning the second aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder using an anti-vibration turning tool, by turning in two passes, the machining stock can be more precisely controlled. Removing 0.5 mm of stock in the first pass can effectively reduce the single-cutting amount, lower the cutting force and cutting heat, thereby reducing the deformation and vibration of the workpiece and improving the machining accuracy. The second pass removes another 0.3 mm of stock to further correct the aperture size to ensure meeting the design requirements. This step-by-step cutting method not only improves the machining efficiency but also guarantees the machining quality, being conducive to obtaining high-precision oil cylinder products.

[0018] Preferably, in the step S34, when turning the third aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder using an anti-vibration turning tool, it is done in three passes. The first pass removes 0.9 mm of stock, the second pass removes 0.8 mm of stock, and the third pass removes 0.3 mm of stock.

[0019] When turning the third aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder using an anti-vibration turning tool, through the strategy of turning in three passes, precise machining control is achieved. Removing 0.9 mm of stock in the first pass rapidly reduces the initial machining gap, providing a stable reference for subsequent machining. Removing 0.8 mm of stock in the second pass further approaches the final size while reducing the potential impact of the cutting force on the oil cylinder. Removing 0.3 mm of stock in the third pass ensures the machining accuracy, achieving the required aperture size, while reducing the vibration and heat that may be generated due to excessive single-cutting amount, improving the surface quality and finish of the machining. This machining method of turning in place not only improves the machining efficiency but also significantly enhances the machining accuracy and surface quality of the oil cylinder, contributing to prolonging the service life and performance of the oil cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the vibration-resistant turning tool includes a tool shank, one end of the tool shank is provided with a tool body, and the other end is used to be mounted on the tool turret of a lathe; A screw for pressing the tool body is provided on the side wall of the tool shank.

[0021] By mounting the tool body at one end of the tool shank and the other end on the tool turret of the lathe, it is convenient for the operation and processing of the lathe. There is a screw on the side wall of the tool shank, which effectively presses the tool body, ensures the stability of the tool body during the processing, reduces vibration, and improves the processing accuracy. The use of this vibration-resistant turning tool can effectively resist vibration during the processing, protect the lathe and the workpiece, extend the service life of the lathe, and improve the processing efficiency and product quality at the same time.

[0022] Preferably, in S32 and S33, when replacing the machine-clamped tool with a vibration-resistant turning tool, only the Z-axis is retracted and the X-axis is not moved.

[0023] Preferably, in S33 and S34, only the tool body of the vibration-resistant turning tool needs to be replaced.

[0024] When replacing the turning tool, only the Z-axis is retracted and the X-axis is not moved, effectively avoiding the adverse effect of the machine tool reset error on the processing accuracy of the oil cylinder, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the oil cylinder.

[0025] The present invention also provides an oil cylinder, which is processed by the processing method as described in the present invention.

[0026] Advantages of the present invention: The processing method of the oil cylinder of the present invention effectively realizes the stable clamping of the oil cylinder workpiece by the cooperative action of the double-headed screw, the positioning disk of the lathe, the umbrella-shaped center on the tailstock, and the four-jaw chuck. By adjusting the screw and the jaws of the four-jaw chuck, the oil cylinder to be processed is accurately positioned, ensuring that the runout of its large diameter end and inner hole is strictly controlled within a very small range (≤0.02 mm), thereby ensuring the processing accuracy. Using turning technology, the large diameter end and each aperture section of the oil cylinder workpiece are processed in sequence, realizing the continuity and high efficiency of the processing process. Due to the precise control of the position and runout of the oil cylinder workpiece during the processing, we can reduce the processing error and the rejection rate, and further improve the processing efficiency. This processing method is applicable to oil cylinders of various specifications and sizes. By adjusting the parameters of the double-headed screw, the adjusting screw, and the four-jaw chuck according to the specific size and requirements, flexible application and wide applicability can be achieved. Through the precise clamping and positioning process, the stability and reliability of the oil cylinder workpiece during the processing are ensured. At the same time, the standardized process flow and the use of equipment ensure the stability and consistency of the processing quality, and have the value of popularization and application in the field of machining technology. Description of the drawings

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the clamping of the oil cylinder to be processed Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the oil cylinder to be processed Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of the adjusting screw Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the vibration-resistant turning tool Figure 5 is Figure 4 left view of Wherein, 1 - oil cylinder to be processed, 11 - small-diameter end, 12 - process thread hole, 13 - large-diameter end, 14 - shoulder surface, 15 - large-diameter end inner hole, 16 - first aperture section, 17 - second aperture section, 18 - third aperture section; 2 - double-headed screw; 3 - positioning disc; 4 - locking nut; 5 - umbrella-shaped center; 6 - four-jaw chuck; 7 - adjusting screw, 71 - double-headed stud, 72 - shoulder nut; 8 - vibration-resistant turning tool, 81 - tool shank, 82 - tool body, 83 - screw. Specific embodiments

[0028] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0030] The present invention aims to disclose a thin-walled part outer circle grinding fixture and a thin-walled part to solve the problems of easy deformation and low precision during the outer circle precision grinding of the inlet valve of the existing common rail fuel injection.

[0031] Among them, as Figures 1 to 5 shown, a processing method of an oil cylinder includes the following steps: S1. Clamping: A process thread hole 12 is provided at the small-diameter end 11 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. One end of a double-headed screw 2 is assembled and fixed with the process thread hole 12, and the other end of the double-headed screw 2 is assembled and fixed with the positioning disk 3 of the lathe through a locking nut 4. The large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is assembled and fixed with the conical center 5 installed on the lathe tailstock. The large-diameter end of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is made to fit the end face of the four-jaw chuck 6 of the lathe, and the locking nut 4 and the four-jaw chuck 6 are tightened, so as to clamp the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 under the action of the pulling force of the double-headed screw 2 and the clamping force of the four-jaw chuck 6; S2. Alignment: After clamping, the conical center 5 installed on the lathe tailstock is removed. An adjusting screw 7 is arranged between the four-jaw chuck 6 and the shoulder surface 14 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. By adjusting the adjusting screw 7, the runout of the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is ≤ 0.02, and by adjusting the jaws of the four-jaw chuck 6, the runout of the inner hole 15 of the large-diameter end of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is ≤ 0.02, so as to align the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1; S3. Turning: The large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is turned so that the flatness of the large-diameter end 13 is ≤ 0.05. The first aperture section 16, the second aperture section 17 and the third aperture section 18 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 are successively turned from the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1, so as to machine the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1; The diameter of the first aperture section 16 is larger than that of the second aperture section 17, and the diameter of the second aperture section 17 is larger than that of the third aperture section 18.

[0032] Through the cooperation of the double-headed screw, the positioning disk of the lathe, the conical center installed on the tailstock and the four-jaw chuck, the stable clamping of the to-be-machined oil cylinder is realized. At the same time, through the adjusting screw and the jaws of the four-jaw chuck, the position of the to-be-machined oil cylinder can be accurately adjusted, so that the runouts of its large-diameter end and inner hole are both controlled within a very small range (≤ 0.02), thus ensuring the machining accuracy. By means of turning, the large-diameter end and each aperture section of the to-be-machined oil cylinder are successively machined, realizing a continuous and efficient machining process. At the same time, since the position and runout of the to-be-machined oil cylinder can be accurately controlled during the machining process, the machining errors and the reject rate can be reduced, and the machining efficiency can be further improved. This method is applicable to the machining of oil cylinders with different specifications and sizes. Only the relevant parameters such as the double-headed screw, the adjusting screw and the four-jaw chuck need to be adjusted according to the specific size and requirements of the to-be-machined oil cylinder. Therefore, this method has high flexibility and versatility. Through the accurate clamping and alignment process, the stability and reliability of the to-be-machined oil cylinder during the machining process are ensured. At the same time, since standardized process flows and equipment are adopted during the machining process, the stability and consistency of the machining quality can be ensured.

[0033] Among them, the small-diameter end 11 refers to the end face with a smaller diameter along the axial direction of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1, and the large-diameter end 13 refers to the end face with a larger diameter along the axial direction of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1.

[0034] Due to the uneven shape of the oil cylinder, directly clamping it with a lathe chuck cannot ensure the clamping stability. Therefore, a M20 process threaded hole 12 is designed at the center of the small-diameter end 11 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. A M20 double-headed screw 2 is used, and one end of the double-headed screw 2 is connected to the process threaded hole 12 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. The other end of the double-headed screw 2 passes through the middle hole of the lathe spindle, and a positioning disk 3 and a locking nut 4 are installed in sequence. The double-headed screw 2 is screwed into the process threaded hole 12 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. The lathe tailstock is installed with a conical center 5, and the conical center 5 is abutted against the hole in the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 and tightened. After the small-diameter end 11 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is completely flush with the end face of the four-jaw chuck 6 of the lathe, an automatic centering effect is achieved. At this time, the locking nut 4 is tightened simultaneously, and then the four-jaw chuck 6 is gradually tightened, so that the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 obtains the two clamping forces of the pulling force of the double-headed screw 2 and the clamping force of the four-jaw chuck 6, so as to effectively realize the clamping of the oil cylinder with an irregular shape.

[0035] In some embodiments, in S2, the adjusting screw 7 includes a double-headed stud 71 and shoulder nuts 72 arranged at both ends of the double-headed stud 71. By adjusting the shoulder nuts 72, the force on the shoulder surface 14 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the runout of the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1.

[0036] Among them, after the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is clamped, an adjusting screw 7 is installed between the end face of the four-jaw chuck 6 and the shoulder surface 14 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. Then, a dial indicator is used to measure the runout of the large-diameter end 13 surface of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. If the runout is too large, the shoulder nut 72 on the adjusting screw 7 is rotated to adjust the force on the shoulder surface 14 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 to adjust the runout of the large-diameter end 13 surface, so as to align the runout of the large-diameter end 13 surface of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 ≤ 0.02; after the large-diameter end 13 surface is aligned, the dial indicator is re-mounted to align the inner hole of the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1. By adjusting the four jaws of the four-jaw chuck 6 separately, the runout of the inner hole of the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 is aligned ≤ 0.02.

[0037] In some embodiments, in S3, it specifically includes: S31. Use a machine-clamped tool to turn the large-diameter end 13 of the to-be-machined oil cylinder 1 so that the flatness of the large-diameter end 13 ≤ 0.05, so as to serve as the starting reference surface for machining the deep hole in the subsequent process and accurately control the depth dimension; S32. Use a machine - clamped tool to turn the first - diameter - segment 16 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1 from the large - diameter end 13 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, leaving a machining allowance of 0.4 mm. The diameter of the first - diameter - segment 16 is 180 mm, and then turn the chamfer of the first - diameter - segment 16; S33. Use an anti - vibration turning tool 8 to turn the second - diameter - segment 17 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, leaving a machining allowance of 0.7 mm. The diameter of the second - diameter - segment 17 is 76 mm; S34. Use an anti - vibration turning tool 8 to turn the third - diameter - segment 18 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, leaving a machining allowance of 0.7 mm. The diameter of the third - diameter - segment 18 is 27 mm.

[0038] In some embodiments, in S31, when using a common machine - clamped tool to turn the large - diameter end 13 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, it is done in two passes, and the machining allowances for the two passes are the same, removing 0.5 mm of machining allowance each time.

[0039] In some embodiments, in S32, when using a common machine - clamped tool to turn the first - diameter - segment 16 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, it is done in two passes. The first pass removes 0.5 mm of machining allowance, and the second pass removes 0.3 mm of machining allowance.

[0040] In S31 and S32, the tool turret automatically changes the tool, which is controlled by the numerical control program.

[0041] In some embodiments, in S33, since the length of the anti - vibration turning tool 8 is relatively long and the tool turret cannot automatically change the tool, therefore, manually replace the common machine - clamped tool with the anti - vibration turning tool 8. When using the anti - vibration turning tool 8 to turn the second - diameter - segment 17 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, it is done in two passes. The first pass removes 0.5 mm of machining allowance, and the second pass removes 0.3 mm of machining allowance.

[0042] In some embodiments, in S34, when using the anti - vibration turning tool 8 to turn the third - diameter - segment 18 of the to - be - machined cylinder 1, it is done in three passes. The first pass removes 0.9 mm of machining allowance, the second pass removes 0.8 mm of machining allowance, and the third pass removes 0.3 mm of machining allowance.

[0043] In some embodiments, the anti - vibration turning tool 8 includes a tool shank 81. One end of the tool shank 81 is installed with a tool body 82, and the other end is used to be installed on the tool turret of the lathe; On the side wall of the tool shank 81, there is a screw 83 for pressing the tool body 82.

[0044] Exemplarily, the differences between the anti-vibration turning tool 8 and the ordinary mechanically clamped tool include: the diameter of the tool shank 81 is 5 mm smaller than the diameter of the second aperture section 17, and the length of the tool shank 81 is greater than the maximum depth 10 mm of the stepped hole of the oil cylinder 1 to be machined, so as to ensure both the passing performance and chip removal performance of the tool and the rigidity of the tool (the length-diameter ratio < 8). One end of the tool shank 81 is designed with a precision mounting hole for mating with the cylindrical part of the tool body 82 to realize the assembly and fixation of the tool body 82. Two M6 threaded through holes with a pitch of 10 mm are provided on the side wall of the tool shank 81 at a position corresponding to the precision mounting hole. The cylindrical part of the tool body 82 is designed with a flat part 5 mm wide and 20 mm long. After the tool body 82 is installed in the precision mounting hole of the tool shank 81, 2 M6 socket head cap screws 83 are used to lock and press the tool body 82. The other end of the tool shank 81 is designed as a cuboid with a thickness of 40 mm and a length of 150 mm for installation on the turret of the lathe.

[0045] In some embodiments, in S32 and S33, when manually replacing the mechanically clamped tool with the anti-vibration turning tool 8, only the Z-axis is retracted and the X-axis is not moved. To avoid the adverse effects of the machine tool reset error on the machining accuracy of the oil cylinder, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the oil cylinder.

[0046] In some embodiments, an oil cylinder is further provided, which is processed by using the processing method in any of the above embodiments.

[0047] Through the design and actual implementation of this method, the one-time clamping and machining of the intermediate stepped hole system of the oil cylinder (including the first aperture section, the second aperture section and the third aperture section) on the CNC lathe is realized, meeting the strict requirements that the coaxiality of the three holes (including the first aperture section, the second aperture section and the third aperture section) is within 0.02 and the perpendicularity between the large end face and the three holes is within 0.01, and it can completely replace the machining of the oil cylinder on the horizontal machining center. And through actual calculation, the processing method of the present invention greatly reduces the processing cost of the oil cylinder, saving about 230 yuan per piece. If a certain company processes 3000 oil cylinders per year, the annual processing cost savings will be: 690,000 yuan / year, greatly reducing the processing cost.

[0048] In summary, the processing method of the oil cylinder of the present invention realizes the stable clamping of the oil cylinder to be processed through the cooperation of the double-headed screw, the positioning disk of the lathe, the umbrella-shaped center installed on the tailstock, and the four-jaw chuck. At the same time, by adjusting the screw and the jaws of the four-jaw chuck, the position of the oil cylinder to be processed can be precisely adjusted, so that the runout of the large-diameter end and the inner hole are both controlled within an extremely small range (≤0.02), thus ensuring the machining accuracy. This method processes the large-diameter end and each aperture section of the oil cylinder to be processed in sequence by turning, realizing a continuous and efficient machining process. At the same time, since the position and runout of the oil cylinder to be processed can be precisely controlled during the machining process, machining errors and scrap rates can be reduced, and the machining efficiency can be further improved. This method is applicable to the machining of oil cylinders of different specifications and sizes, and only needs to adjust relevant parameters such as the double-headed screw, the adjusting screw, and the four-jaw chuck according to the specific dimensions and requirements of the oil cylinder to be processed. Therefore, this method has high flexibility and versatility. This method ensures the stability and reliability of the oil cylinder to be processed during the machining process through a precise clamping and alignment process. At the same time, since standardized process flows and equipment are adopted during the machining process, the stability and consistency of the machining quality can be ensured. It has the value of popularization and application in the field of machining technology.

[0049] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments given to fully illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing an oil cylinder, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. A process threaded hole (12) is provided at the small diameter end (11) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, one end of a double-headed screw (2) is assembled and fixed to the process threaded hole (12), the other end of the double-headed screw (2) is assembled and fixed to the positioning plate (3) of the lathe via a locking nut (4), the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is assembled and fixed to the umbrella-shaped center (5) installed on the tailstock of the lathe, the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is fitted with the end face of the four-jaw chuck (6) of the lathe, and the locking nut (4) and the four-jaw chuck (6) are tightened, so that the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is clamped under the pulling force of the double-headed screw (2) and the clamping force of the four-jaw chuck (6); S2, an adjusting screw (7) is arranged between the four-jaw chuck (6) and the shoulder surface (14) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, and the adjustment screw (7) is adjusted so that the runout of the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is ≤0.02, and the jaws of the four-jaw chuck (6) are adjusted so that the runout of the inner hole (15) of the large diameter end of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is ≤0.02, thereby realizing the alignment of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed; S3, turning the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed so that the flatness of the large diameter end (13) is ≤0.05, and sequentially turning the first aperture section (16), the second aperture section (17) and the third aperture section (18) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed from the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, thereby realizing turning processing of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed; The diameter of the first aperture section (16) is greater than that of the second aperture section (17), and the diameter of the second aperture section (17) is greater than that of the third aperture section (18).

2. The method for processing the oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the adjusting screw (7) comprises a stud (71) and shoulder nuts (72) arranged at both ends of the stud (71). By adjusting the shoulder nuts (72), the force applied to the shoulder surface (14) of the cylinder to be processed (1) can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the runout of the large diameter end (13) of the cylinder to be processed (1).

3. The method for processing an oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31, using a machine tool to turn the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, so that the flatness of the large diameter end (13) is ≤0.05; S32, using a machine tool to lathe the first aperture section (16) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed from the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.4 mm, and then lathe the chamfer of the first aperture section (16); S33, using an anti-vibration turning tool (8) to turn the second aperture section (17) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.7 mm; S34, using an anti-vibration turning tool (8) to turn the third aperture section (18) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, leaving a margin of 0.7 mm.

4. The method for processing the oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S31, when the large diameter end (13) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is turned using a machine clamping tool, two cuts are made in place, and the two cuts have the same allowance, and 0.5 mm of allowance is removed each time.

5. The method for processing the oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S32, when the first aperture section (16) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed is turned using a machine clamping tool, two cuts are made in place, the first cut removes 0.5 mm of excess, and the second cut removes 0.3 mm of excess.

6. The method for processing the oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S33, when the vibration-resistant turning tool (8) is used to turn the second aperture section (17) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, two cuts are made in place, the first cut removes 0.5 mm of excess, and the second cut removes 0.3 mm of excess.

7. The method for processing an oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S34, when the vibration-resistant turning tool (8) is used to turn the third aperture section (18) of the oil cylinder (1) to be processed, three cuts are made in place, the first cut removes 0.9 mm of excess, the second cut removes 0.8 mm of excess, and the third cut removes 0.3 mm of excess.

8. The method for processing an oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-vibration turning tool (8) comprises a tool rod (81), one end of the tool rod (81) being mounted with a tool body (82), and the other end being used for being mounted on a tool turret of a lathe; A screw (83) for pressing the knife body (82) is provided on the side wall of the knife rod (81).

9. The method for processing an oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the above S32 and S33, when the machine clamping tool is replaced with the anti-vibration turning tool (8), only the Z axis is retracted and the X axis is not moved; And / or, in S33 and S34, only the tool body (82) of the anti-vibration turning tool (8) needs to be replaced.

10. An oil cylinder, characterized in that: The product is obtained by processing using the processing method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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