Power generation system integrating gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage integrated power generation system. The system comprises a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a steam turbine power generation subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem and a synchronous self-gear-shifting clutch. The gas turbine power generation subsystem comprises at least one gas turbine generator set, and the gas turbine generator set comprises a gas compressor; the steam turbine power generation subsystem comprises a steam turbine and a waste heat boiler; the compressed air energy storage subsystem comprises a compression unit, an expansion unit and an air storage unit; the steam turbine is connected with the compression unit through the synchronous self-gear-shifting clutch. The waste heat boiler is connected with the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit. The gas compressor is connected with the gas storage unit. By adopting the system, the operation flexibility of gas-steam combined cycle power generation can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly to a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage. Background Art

[0002] The gas-steam combined cycle power generation technology is an efficient power generation method. Through the combination of a gas turbine and a steam turbine, it improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces pollutant emissions. The high-temperature waste gas discharged by the gas turbine can be used to heat water in a waste heat boiler to generate steam to drive the steam turbine for power generation, realizing the cascaded utilization of energy.

[0003] Currently, when the actual operating conditions do not match the design conditions, the energy conversion efficiency of gas-steam combined cycle power generation may be lower than expected, and the operating conditions need to be changed. However, in the case of rapid changes in load demand, due to the existence of thermal inertia, adjusting the operating states of the gas turbine and the steam turbine may be relatively complex and slow, and it is difficult to respond promptly to the output power. Therefore, the operating flexibility of gas-steam combined cycle power generation is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage that can improve the operating flexibility of gas-steam combined cycle power generation.

[0005] This application provides a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage, including: a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a steam turbine power generation subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem, and a synchronous self-shifting clutch;

[0006] The gas turbine power generation subsystem includes at least one gas turbine generator set, and the gas turbine generator set includes a compressor;

[0007] The steam turbine power generation subsystem includes a steam turbine and a waste heat boiler;

[0008] The compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a compression unit, an expansion unit, and a gas storage unit;

[0009] The steam turbine is connected to the compression unit through the synchronous self-shifting clutch;

[0010] The waste heat boiler is respectively connected to the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit;

[0011] The compressor is connected to the gas storage unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the gas turbine generator set further includes a combustion chamber, a turbine, and a first generator;

[0013] The turbine is used to drive the first generator to output electric energy and to drive the compressor;

[0014] The air outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber;

[0015] The air outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the turbine;

[0016] The air outlet of the turbine is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler.

[0017] In one embodiment, the compressor includes an air inlet, an air extraction port, and an air replenishment port; the air storage unit includes an air extraction valve and an air replenishment valve;

[0018] The air inlet is in communication with the air;

[0019] The air extraction port is connected to the air extraction valve, and the air replenishment port is connected to the air replenishment valve; the air extraction valve is used to control the air flow rate flowing from the compressor to the air storage unit, and the air replenishment valve is used to control the air flow rate flowing from the air storage unit to the compressor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the steam turbine power generation subsystem further includes a condenser, a feed water pump, and a second generator;

[0021] The steam turbine is used to drive the second generator to output electric energy;

[0022] The waste heat boiler, the steam turbine, the condenser, and the feed water pump are connected in sequence to form a loop.

[0023] In one embodiment, the compressed air energy storage subsystem further includes a cooling unit, a motor, a heating unit, a third generator, a first working fluid storage tank, and a second working fluid storage tank;

[0024] The motor is used to drive the compression unit;

[0025] The expansion unit is used to drive the third generator to output electric energy;

[0026] The compression unit is in communication with the air;

[0027] The cooling unit is respectively connected to the compression unit, the first working fluid storage tank, the second working fluid storage tank, and the air storage unit;

[0028] The heating unit is respectively connected to the first working fluid storage tank, the second working fluid storage tank, the expansion unit, and the air storage unit.

[0029] In one embodiment, the compression unit includes a first compressor and a second compressor; the cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger;

[0030] The air outlet of the first compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchanger;

[0031] The air outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor;

[0032] The air outlet of the second compressor is connected to the air inlet of the second heat exchanger;

[0033] The air outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage unit.

[0034] In one embodiment, the working fluid outlet of the first working fluid storage tank is respectively connected to the working fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger and the working fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger;

[0035] The working fluid inlets of the second working fluid storage tank are respectively connected to the working fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger and the working fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger.

[0036] In one embodiment, the expansion unit includes a first expander and a second expander; the heating unit includes a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger;

[0037] The air outlet of the gas storage unit is connected to the air inlet of the third heat exchanger;

[0038] The air outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the first expander;

[0039] The air outlet of the first expander is connected to the air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger;

[0040] The air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the second expander.

[0041] In one embodiment, the working fluid outlet of the second working fluid storage tank is respectively connected to the working fluid inlet of the third heat exchanger and the working fluid inlet of the fourth heat exchanger;

[0042] The working fluid inlets of the first working fluid storage tank are respectively connected to the working fluid outlet of the third heat exchanger and the working fluid outlet of the fourth heat exchanger.

[0043] In one embodiment, the compressed air energy storage subsystem further includes a cooling circulation pump and a heating circulation pump;

[0044] The cooling unit is connected to the first working fluid storage tank through the cooling circulation pump;

[0045] The heating unit is connected to the second working fluid storage tank through the heating circulation pump.

[0046] The above integrated gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage power generation system includes a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a steam turbine power generation subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem, and a synchronous self-shifting clutch. The gas turbine power generation subsystem includes at least one gas turbine generator set, and the gas turbine generator set includes a compressor. The steam turbine power generation subsystem includes a steam turbine and a waste heat boiler. The compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a compression unit, an expansion unit, and a gas storage unit. Among them, the steam turbine is connected to the compression unit through a synchronous self-shifting clutch. The waste heat boiler is respectively connected to the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit, and the compressor is connected to the gas storage unit. By introducing the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the synchronous self-shifting clutch (SSS clutch) into the above system, it is possible to realize the online switching of the compression unit drive mode without shutting down the machine, ensure the stability of the steam turbine operating conditions, make it easier to adjust the power output, meet the functional requirements of peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid, and effectively improve the operating flexibility of the gas-steam combined cycle unit. When the load demand changes rapidly, the system can use the SSS clutch to switch the power between the steam turbine and the compression unit, so that the steam turbine directly drives the generator to generate electricity at high loads, while at medium and low loads, part of the mechanical energy can be used to drive the compression unit for energy storage, thus avoiding the response lag problem caused by frequent working condition changes. In addition, by connecting the waste heat boiler to both the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit at the same time, the utilization of the expansion work energy is more sufficient, further optimizing the energy conversion efficiency. Through the coordinated control of the system, even when the actual operating conditions do not exactly match the design conditions, the load change can be balanced through the storage and release of compressed air, realizing faster power adjustment, reducing the regulation delay problem caused by the thermal inertia of the gas-steam combined cycle unit, thereby enhancing the overall dynamic response ability of the system, ensuring that the generated power can more timely adapt to the power grid demand, and improving the operating stability and economy of the unit. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage power generation system in an embodiment;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage in another embodiment.

[0050] Reference numerals in the attached drawings:

[0051] Gas turbine power generation subsystem - 10, steam turbine power generation subsystem - 20, compressed air energy storage subsystem - 30, synchronous self-shifting clutch - 40, gas turbine generator set - 100, steam turbine - 200, waste heat boiler - 201, condenser - 202, feed water pump - 203, second generator - 204, compression unit - 300, expansion unit - 301, gas storage unit - 302, cooling unit - 303, motor - 304, heating unit - 305, third generator - 306, first working fluid storage tank - 307, second working fluid storage tank - 308, cooling circulation pump - 309, heating circulation pump - 310, compressor - 1000, combustion chamber - 1001, turbine - 1002, first generator - 1003, first compressor - 3000, second compressor - 3001, first expander - 3010, second expander - 3011, extraction valve - 3020, air make-up valve - 3021, first heat exchanger - 3030, second heat exchanger - 3031, third heat exchanger - 3050, fourth heat exchanger - 3051, air inlet - 1000a, extraction port - 1000b, air make-up port - 1000c. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0054] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first generator may be referred to as the second generator, and similarly, the second generator may be referred to as the first generator. Both the first generator and the second generator are generators, but they are not the same generator.

[0055] It can be understood that for the "connection" in the following embodiments, if there is transmission of electrical signals or data between the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., it should be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", etc.

[0056] It can be understood that "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "At least a part of an element" means part or all of the element.

[0057] As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "comprise / include" or "have" etc. specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the related listed items.

[0058] The gas-steam combined cycle power generation technology is an efficient power generation method that combines the advantages of gas turbines and steam turbines, achieving higher thermal efficiency and lower pollutant emissions. Since the exhaust gas temperature discharged from the gas turbine is still very high, the heat in this part is used in the waste heat boiler to heat water to generate steam, which drives the blades of the steam turbine to rotate, and then drives the generator to generate electricity. In this way, the cascaded utilization of energy is achieved, and more electric energy can be generated with the same amount of fuel input. Therefore, the overall thermal efficiency of the combined cycle is significantly improved compared with that of a single gas turbine or steam turbine cycle.

[0059] With the promotion of low-carbon and green development, it is necessary to build an energy system centered on renewable energy, significantly improve its flexibility and stability, and overcome its inherent intermittency, instability, and periodicity. For this reason, building a new power system has become the key to ensuring the smooth access and utilization of a high proportion of renewable energy, and energy storage technology will play a crucial role in this. As a long-duration energy storage solution, compressed air energy storage has gradually become a large-scale energy storage technology comparable to pumped-storage energy storage due to its advantages such as large capacity, fast construction speed, long operating life, safety, and environmental protection. Compared with traditional pumped-storage energy storage, compressed air energy storage has a shorter construction period, more flexible site selection, and less negative impact on the ecological environment.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage includes:

[0061] A gas turbine power generation subsystem 10, a steam turbine power generation subsystem 20, a compressed air energy storage subsystem 30, and a synchronous self-shifting clutch 40;

[0062] The gas turbine power generation subsystem 10 includes at least one gas turbine generator set 100, and the gas turbine generator set 100 includes a compressor 1000;

[0063] The steam turbine power generation subsystem 20 includes a steam turbine 200 and a heat recovery steam generator 201;

[0064] The compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 includes a compression unit 300, an expansion unit 301, and a gas storage unit 302;

[0065] The steam turbine 200 is connected to the compression unit 300 through a synchro-self-shifting clutch 40;

[0066] The heat recovery steam generator 201 is respectively connected to the gas turbine generator set 100 and the expansion unit 301;

[0067] The compressor 1000 is connected to the gas storage unit 302.

[0068] Among them, the synchro-self-shifting clutch 40 (SSS clutch, Synchro-Self-Shifting clutch) is a device for power switching, which can automatically switch the power transmission between the steam turbine 200 and the compression unit 300. The working principle is as follows: when the input speed of the driving shaft is exactly equal to the output speed of the driven shaft and their phases are synchronized, the clutch will automatically move axially and engage, and the driving shaft is connected to the driven shaft. Once the input speed is lower than the output speed, the clutch will automatically disengage, and at this time the driving shaft and the driven shaft are disconnected. Therefore, when the system is in a high-load state, the synchro-self-shifting clutch 40 is disengaged, and the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 is mainly used to drive the generator to generate electricity; when the system is in a medium and low-load state, the synchro-self-shifting clutch 40 is engaged, and the steam turbine 200 can transfer part of the mechanical energy to the compression unit 300 to achieve energy storage and improve the overall flexibility of the system.

[0069] Exemplarily, the working process of this power generation system is as follows:

[0070] Normal power generation mode (high load): The gas turbine power generation subsystem 10 drives the turbine 1002 to expand and do work by burning fuel, and at the same time drives the generator to generate electricity. The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine enters the heat recovery steam generator 201 to generate high-temperature steam, which further drives the steam turbine 200 to generate electricity. Since the system is in a high-load state, the synchro-self-shifting clutch 40 is disengaged, and all the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 is used for power generation, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 does not work temporarily.

[0071] Energy storage mode (medium and low load): When the load demand decreases, the system reduces the output of the gas turbine. At the same time, by engaging the synchronous self-shifting clutch 40, part of the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 is used to drive the compression unit 300 to compress air and store it in the air storage unit 302. In this mode, the gas turbine and the steam turbine can still provide partial power generation capacity, but the excess energy is converted into compressed air for storage for subsequent use.

[0072] Energy release mode (load increase or black start): When the grid load increases, the compressed air in the air storage unit 302 is released and enters the expansion unit 301 to do work and generate electricity to supplement the power generation capacity and improve the system response speed. In the black start scenario, that is, when the system loses external power, the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 can directly start the expansion unit 301 to supply power to critical loads, start the generator and restore system operation, reduce the black start time, and improve the grid stability.

[0073] The above power generation system integrating gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage includes a gas turbine power generation subsystem, a steam turbine power generation subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem and a synchronous self-shifting clutch. The gas turbine power generation subsystem includes at least one gas turbine generator set, and the gas turbine generator set includes a compressor. The steam turbine power generation subsystem includes a steam turbine and a waste heat boiler. The compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a compression unit, an expansion unit and an air storage unit. Among them, the steam turbine is connected to the compression unit through the synchronous self-shifting clutch, the waste heat boiler is respectively connected to the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit, and the compressor is connected to the air storage unit. By introducing the compressed air energy storage subsystem and the synchronous self-shifting clutch (SSS clutch) into the above system, the online switching of the compression unit drive mode can be realized without shutting down, ensuring the stability of the steam turbine operating conditions, making it easier to adjust the power output, meeting the functional requirements of peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid, and effectively improving the operating flexibility of the gas-steam combined cycle unit. When the load demand changes rapidly, the system can use the SSS clutch to switch power between the steam turbine and the compression unit, so that the steam turbine directly drives the generator to generate electricity at high load, while part of the mechanical energy can be used to drive the compression unit for energy storage at medium and low load, thus avoiding the response lag problem caused by frequent operating condition changes. In addition, by connecting the waste heat boiler to the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit at the same time, the utilization of the expansion work energy is more sufficient, further optimizing the energy conversion efficiency. Through the coordinated control of the system, even when the actual operating conditions do not exactly match the design conditions, the load change can be balanced through the storage and release of compressed air, realizing faster power adjustment, reducing the regulation delay problem caused by the thermal inertia of the gas-steam combined cycle unit, thereby improving the overall dynamic response ability of the system, ensuring that the power generation can more timely adapt to the power grid demand, and improving the operating stability and economy of the unit.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the gas turbine generator set 100 further includes a combustion chamber 1001, a turbine 1002, and a first generator 1003;

[0075] The turbine 1002 is used to drive the first generator 1003 to output electric energy and to drive the compressor 1000;

[0076] The air outlet of the compressor 1000 is connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber 1001;

[0077] The air outlet of the combustion chamber 1001 is connected to the air inlet of the turbine 1002;

[0078] The air outlet of the turbine 1002 is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler 201.

[0079] Exemplarily, the compressor 1000 is used to inhale and compress air so that it enters the combustion chamber 1001 to be mixed with fuel for combustion, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. The combustion chamber 1001 is used to burn fuel and release high-temperature and high-pressure gas to drive the turbine 1002 to do work. The turbine 1002 not only drives the first generator 1003 to output electric energy, but also is used to drive the compressor 1000 to improve the overall operating efficiency of the gas turbine generator subsystem 10. The first generator 1003 is used to convert the mechanical energy of the turbine 1002 into electric energy for external loads to use.

[0080] The air inlet of the waste heat boiler 201 is connected to the air outlet of the turbine 1002, and is used to receive the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine generator subsystem 10, and use this heat to heat water to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam to drive the steam turbine 200 to do work and generate electricity, realizing the cascade utilization of energy.

[0081] The working process is as follows:

[0082] Gas turbine power generation: The compressor 1000 inhales air and compresses it, so that the high-pressure air enters the combustion chamber 1001, is mixed with fuel for combustion, and forms high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the turbine 1002 to expand and do work, driving the main shafts of the turbine 1002 and the first generator 1003 to rotate, so that the first generator 1003 generates electricity and drives the compressor 1000 to continuously operate.

[0083] Waste heat recovery: The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 1002 is sent to the waste heat boiler 201. The waste heat boiler 201 uses this part of the energy to heat water through a heat exchange process to form high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The waste heat recovery of the gas turbine generator set 100 is realized, the energy loss caused by direct exhaust gas emission is reduced, and the overall thermal efficiency is improved.

[0084] In this embodiment, the combination of the gas turbine generator set 100 and the waste heat boiler 201 improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system. While the turbine 1002 generates electricity, it drives the compressor 1000 to ensure the efficient operation of the gas turbine generator set 100. The waste heat boiler 201 recovers the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 1002 and uses it to heat water to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, thereby reducing waste heat loss and improving the overall thermal efficiency. Through this waste heat recovery process, not only is fuel consumption reduced, the power cycle optimized, but also the direct emission of high-temperature exhaust gas is reduced, achieving more efficient energy conversion and improving the economy and sustainability of the gas-steam combined cycle system.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned compressor 1000 includes an air inlet 1000a, an air extraction port 1000b, and an air replenishment port 1000c; the air storage unit 302 includes an air extraction valve 3020 and an air replenishment valve 3021;

[0086] The air inlet 1000a is in communication with the air.

[0087] The air extraction port 1000b is connected to the air extraction valve 3020, and the air replenishment port 1000c is connected to the air replenishment valve 3021; the air extraction valve 3020 is used to control the air flow rate flowing from the compressor 1000 to the air storage unit 302, and the air replenishment valve 3021 is used to control the air flow rate flowing from the air storage unit 302 to the compressor 1000.

[0088] Exemplarily, the compressor 1000 is used to inhale and compress air to increase the pressure of the air so that it can be used for combustion or energy storage regulation. The compressor 1000 includes: an air inlet 1000a, which is in communication with the external air and is used to inhale ambient air for compression; an air extraction port 1000b, which is connected to the air extraction valve 3020 of the air storage unit 302 and is used to transport compressed air to the air storage unit 302 for storage in low-load or energy storage modes; an air replenishment port 1000c, which is connected to the air replenishment valve 3021 of the air storage unit 302 and is used to release high-pressure air from the air storage unit 302 and supplement it to the compressor 1000 in load increase or energy release modes to increase the supply of compressed air and energy output.

[0089] The air extraction valve 3020 is used to control the air flow rate from the compressor 1000 to the energy storage unit 302, ensuring that an appropriate amount of air enters the energy storage unit 302 for storage in the energy storage mode; the air replenishing valve 3021 is used to control the air flow rate from the energy storage unit 302 to the compressor 1000, so as to release the stored high-pressure air when needed and improve the operation flexibility of the system. The energy storage unit 302 plays a buffering role. When the load fluctuation is not large, the output of the gas turbine can be adjusted by controlling the opening degrees of the air extraction valve 3020 and the air replenishing valve 3021, increasing the operation flexibility of the system.

[0090] The working process is as follows:

[0091] Normal operation mode: The air inlet 1000a sucks in air, and the compressor 1000 compresses the air and delivers it to the combustion chamber 1001 to support the stable operation of the gas turbine. In this mode, the air extraction valve 3020 and the air replenishing valve 3021 can be kept closed or adjusted within a small range according to the system load demand to maintain the air flow balance.

[0092] Energy storage mode (when the load decreases): When the load demand decreases, to avoid the decrease in the efficiency of the gas turbine, the system can introduce part of the compressed air into the energy storage unit 302 through the air extraction port 1000b for energy storage. The air extraction valve 3020 is opened to control the air flow into the energy storage unit 302, while the air replenishing valve 3021 is kept closed to prevent the air from flowing back.

[0093] Energy release mode (when the load increases): When the load demand increases, the system needs additional compressed air to maintain the combustion stability or provide additional power support. At this time, the air replenishing valve 3021 is opened, and the high-pressure air is released from the energy storage unit 302 and enters the compressor 1000 through the air replenishing port 1000c to improve the compressed air supply capacity to meet the increased load demand.

[0094] In this embodiment, through the coordinated operation of the compressor 1000, the energy storage unit 302 and their supporting valves, the flexible adjustment of the compressed air is realized, and the operation efficiency of the system is improved. At low loads, the system can use the air extraction port 1000b and the air extraction valve 3020 to store the excess compressed air in the energy storage unit 302 to avoid energy waste; at high loads, the system can release the stored high-pressure air through the air replenishing port 1000c and the air replenishing valve 3021 to quickly supplement the compressed air supply and improve the load response speed. It not only improves the stability of the gas turbine, but also enhances the load regulation ability of the system, reduces the fuel consumption, and improves the overall energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, this design reduces the frequent working condition adjustments of the gas turbine caused by load fluctuations, extends the service life of the equipment, and improves the economy and reliability of the system.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the above steam turbine power generation subsystem 20 further includes a condenser 202, a feed water pump 203, and a second generator 204;

[0096] The steam turbine 200 is used to drive the second generator 204 to output electric energy;

[0097] The waste heat boiler 201, the steam turbine 200, the condenser 202, and the feed water pump 203 are connected in sequence and form a loop.

[0098] Exemplarily, the waste heat boiler 201: is used to receive the high-temperature exhaust gas of the gas turbine and use its thermal energy to heat water into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which is provided to the steam turbine 200. The steam turbine 200: is used to receive the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the waste heat boiler 201, expand and do work, drive the second generator 204 to generate electricity, and complete the energy conversion of the steam at the same time. The second generator 204: is connected to the steam turbine 200 and converts its mechanical energy into electric energy for external loads to use. The condenser 202: is used to recover the low-temperature and low-pressure steam discharged from the steam turbine 200 and condense it into water for recycling. The feed water pump 203: is used to transport the condensed water recovered by the condenser 202 back to the waste heat boiler 201 and pressurize it to ensure the stable operation of the steam cycle.

[0099] The working process is as follows:

[0100] Steam power generation mode (high load): The waste heat boiler 201 receives the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine and uses the heat to heat water to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the steam turbine 200, causing it to expand and do work, while driving the second generator 204 to generate electricity, providing the maximum electric energy output for the system. Since the system is in a high-load state, the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 stops for standby, the synchronous self-shifting clutch 40 is disengaged, and all the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 is used for power generation to ensure that the grid demand is met.

[0101] Steam condensation and circulation process: The steam after the steam turbine 200 does work has its temperature and pressure reduced due to energy loss and enters the condenser 202 for cooling. The condenser 202 condenses the steam into liquid water for reuse. The feed water pump 203 transports the condensed water back to the waste heat boiler 201 and pressurizes it to make it re-enter the cycle, ensuring the continuous operation of the steam cycle.

[0102] Energy storage mode (medium and low load): When the load demand decreases, the system adjusts its operating strategy to reduce the external power generation. Meanwhile, the excess mechanical energy is used to store energy. The synchronous self-shifting clutch 40 engages to connect the main shafts of the steam turbine 200 and the second generator 204 to the shaft of the compression unit 300, enabling part of the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 to drive the compression unit 300 of the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 to compress and store air in the gas storage unit 302. This mode not only reduces the impact of load fluctuations on the system operation but also provides available energy storage resources for subsequent high loads, improving the flexibility of the system operation.

[0103] In this embodiment, through the collaborative optimization of the closed-loop steam cycle of the steam turbine power generation subsystem 20 and the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30, the efficient recovery of waste heat, load regulation, and energy storage are achieved. The cooperation between the steam turbine 200 and the second generator 204 enables the waste heat of the gas turbine to be converted into additional electrical energy, improving the overall power generation efficiency of the system. Under high load conditions, the system gives priority to ensuring power output, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 is in a standby state; under medium and low load conditions, part of the mechanical energy of the steam turbine 200 can be used to drive the compression unit 300 to compress and store air in the gas storage unit 302, reducing the impact of load fluctuations on the system efficiency. In this way, the steam turbine 200 does not need to frequently change steam parameters and operating conditions, can operate stably near the rated load, ensure a high thermal efficiency, reduce energy losses, and at the same time avoid the equipment from bearing additional thermal stress and mechanical stress, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the maintenance cost. In addition, the closed-loop steam cycle maintains stable operation through the condenser 202 and the feed water pump 203, reduces direct steam emissions, improves water resource utilization efficiency, further reduces the operating cost, and enhances the economy and sustainability of the power generation system.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 further includes a cooling unit 303, a motor 304, a heating unit 305, a third generator 306, a first working fluid storage tank 307, and a second working fluid storage tank 308;

[0105] The motor 304 is used to drive the compression unit 300;

[0106] The expansion unit 301 is used to drive the third generator 306 to output electrical energy;

[0107] The compression unit 300 is in communication with air;

[0108] The cooling unit 303 is respectively connected to the compression unit 300, the first working fluid storage tank 307, the second working fluid storage tank 308, and the gas storage unit 302;

[0109] The heating unit 305 is respectively connected to the first working medium storage tank 307, the second working medium storage tank 308, the expansion unit 301, and the gas storage unit 302.

[0110] Exemplarily, the electric motor 304: is used to drive the compression unit 300 to operate. In the energy storage mode, it provides mechanical energy to compress air and store it in the gas storage unit 302 for subsequent release and use. The expansion unit 301: is used to make the high-pressure air expand and do work in the energy release mode, and drive the third generator 306 to generate electricity to provide additional electrical energy output for the system. The third generator 306: is used to convert the mechanical energy of the expansion unit 301 into electrical energy to enhance the regulation ability of the system during load changes. The cooling unit 303: is used to cool the compressed air during the energy storage process to reduce the temperature and compression energy consumption. At the same time, it is connected to the compression unit 300, the first working medium storage tank 307, the second working medium storage tank 308, and the gas storage unit 302 to manage heat during the energy storage process. The heating unit 305: is used to heat the stored high-pressure air during the energy release process to improve the expansion efficiency, and is connected to the first working medium storage tank 307, the second working medium storage tank 308, the expansion unit 301, and the gas storage unit 302 to ensure that energy can be effectively transferred between different links. The first working medium storage tank 307 and the second working medium storage tank 308: The temperature of the working medium in the first working medium storage tank 307 is lower than that of the working medium in the second working medium storage tank 308. The first working medium storage tank 307 provides low-temperature working medium to the cooling unit 303 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature air and form high-temperature working medium. The second working medium storage tank 308 provides high-temperature working medium to provide heat when the heating unit 305 operates.

[0111] The working process is as follows:

[0112] Energy storage mode (when there is excess power): The electric motor 304 or the second generator 204 drives the compression unit 300 to work, compresses the ambient air to high pressure, and transports it to the cooling unit 303 for cooling. The first working medium storage tank 307 provides low-temperature working medium to the cooling unit 303 to absorb the heat of the high-temperature air and form high-temperature working medium. The high-temperature working medium is stored in the second working medium storage tank 308, and the cooled compressed air enters the gas storage unit 302 for storage to reduce losses during subsequent energy release.

[0113] Energy release mode (when there is high power demand): The gas storage unit 302 releases high-pressure air and enters the heating unit 305 for heating to improve the expansion efficiency. The heating unit 305 extracts high-temperature working medium from the second working medium storage tank 308 and uses its thermal energy to heat the compressed air. At the same time, after the temperature of the working medium decreases, it flows back to the first working medium storage tank 307 to be used for cooling again in the next energy storage cycle. The heated high-pressure air enters the expansion unit 301 to expand and do work, driving the third generator 306 to generate electricity to provide additional electrical energy output for the system and improve the load regulation ability of the system.

[0114] The gas storage unit 302 may be an underground salt cave, an abandoned mine, a steel gas storage tank or an underwater air bag, etc.

[0115] In this embodiment, the energy conversion efficiency and energy storage release capacity of the system are improved through the heat recovery optimization design of the compressed air energy storage subsystem 30. In the energy storage mode, the cooling unit 303 uses the low-temperature working fluid provided by the first working fluid storage tank 307 to reduce the temperature of the compressed air to reduce compression loss, and at the same time stores the absorbed heat in the second working fluid storage tank 308 to improve the heat recovery efficiency of the system. In the energy release mode, the heating unit 305 heats the high-pressure air before expansion by extracting the high-temperature working fluid from the second working fluid storage tank 308 to improve the expansion efficiency, and at the same time, the low-temperature working fluid that has provided the heat flows back to the first working fluid storage tank 307 to form a complete closed-loop cycle. Efficient management of thermal energy in the process of energy storage and release is achieved, reducing additional energy consumption, making the storage and release of compressed air more economical and efficient. In addition, the thermal cycle mode of the system minimizes energy loss, improves energy storage utilization, and enhances the load regulation capability and black start capability of the power generation system. The system can not only adapt to load fluctuations in the power grid, but also reduce fuel consumption, reduce operating costs, and improve the economy and stability of the overall power generation system. It is suitable for the needs of modern power grids for efficient energy storage and flexible scheduling.

[0116] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the compression unit 300 includes a first compressor 3000 and a second compressor 3001; the cooling unit 303 includes a first heat exchanger 3030 and a second heat exchanger 3031;

[0117] The air outlet of the first compressor 3000 is connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchanger 3030;

[0118] The air outlet of the first heat exchanger 3030 is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor 3001;

[0119] The air outlet of the second compressor 3001 is connected to the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 3031;

[0120] The air outlet of the second heat exchanger 3031 is connected to the air input port of the air storage unit 302 .

[0121] Exemplarily, the compression unit 300 is used to compress the air in stages, increase the air pressure, and reduce the air temperature through multi-stage heat exchange to reduce energy storage loss. It includes: a first compressor 3000, which is used to initially compress the ambient air, increase the air pressure and then deliver it to the cooling unit 303. A second compressor 3001 is used to further compress the cooled air to make it reach a higher pressure before entering the air storage unit 302.

[0122] Cooling unit 303: It is used to reduce the air temperature during the compression process to reduce heat loss during the subsequent energy storage process and improve the system efficiency. It includes: The first heat exchanger 3030 is used to cool the high-temperature air discharged by the first compressor 3000 to reduce the air temperature and improve the secondary compression efficiency. The second heat exchanger 3031 is used to deeply cool the air discharged by the second compressor 3001, and after the air reaches the appropriate storage temperature, it is sent to the energy storage unit 302.

[0123] The working process is as follows:

[0124] Energy storage mode (air compression process): The first compressor 3000 starts, inhales ambient air, and compresses it to medium pressure, and the air temperature rises. The first heat exchanger 3030 cools the air discharged by the first compressor 3000 to reduce its temperature and improve the efficiency of the second-stage compression. The second compressor 3001 performs secondary compression on the cooled air to make it reach a higher pressure and increase the energy storage density of the air. The second heat exchanger 3031 deeply cools the air after secondary compression to make it suitable for long-term storage and reduce heat loss during the storage process of compressed air. The cooled high-pressure air finally enters the energy storage unit 302 for storage, waiting for subsequent energy release for use.

[0125] Energy release mode (air expansion process): The energy storage unit 302 releases high-pressure air, which enters the expansion unit 301 to perform expansion work and drive the generator to generate electricity. Under appropriate circumstances, the heating unit 305 can be used to preheat the air in the energy storage unit 302 to improve the expansion efficiency and enhance the power generation capacity of the system.

[0126] In this embodiment, through the hierarchical compression and multi-stage cooling design, the energy utilization efficiency of the compressed air energy storage subsystem is optimized. During the energy storage process, the two-stage compression of the first compressor 3000 and the second compressor 3001 gradually increases the air pressure, reduces the high-temperature problem caused by single-stage compression, and improves the compression efficiency of the system. At the same time, the multi-stage cooling process of the first heat exchanger 3030 and the second heat exchanger 3031 effectively reduces the air temperature, reduces heat loss during the storage process of compressed air, and increases the energy storage density. In addition, this multi-stage compression and cooling strategy reduces the load on the equipment caused by single-stage compression, improves the stability of the system and the service life of the equipment. By optimizing the compression and cooling path of the air, this system not only improves the energy storage efficiency, but also reduces unnecessary energy losses, making the energy storage and release processes more efficient and economical, and suitable for the needs of modern power grid regulation and renewable energy grid connection.

[0127] In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, the working fluid outlet of the first working fluid storage tank 307 is respectively connected to the working fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger 3030 and the working fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger 3031;

[0128] The working fluid inlet of the second working fluid storage tank 308 is respectively connected to the working fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger 3030 and the working fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger 3031.

[0129] Exemplarily, in the energy storage mode (air compression process): The first compressor 3000 sucks in air and performs primary compression, and the air temperature rises. The first heat exchanger 3030 cools the high-temperature air. At the same time, the first working fluid storage tank 307 provides low-temperature working fluid, which absorbs heat and is converted into high-temperature working fluid and flows to the second working fluid storage tank 308. The air enters the second compressor 3001 and is further compressed to a higher pressure, and the temperature further rises. The second heat exchanger 3031 deeply cools the air to further reduce the temperature. At the same time, the low-temperature working fluid provided by the first working fluid storage tank 307 absorbs heat and is converted into higher-temperature working fluid and is stored in the second working fluid storage tank 308. The cooled high-pressure air enters the air storage unit 302 for storage for subsequent use.

[0130] In this embodiment, through the heat energy recovery and closed-loop working fluid cycle design, the energy conversion efficiency and energy storage release capacity of the system are improved. In the energy storage mode, the low-temperature working fluid provided by the first working fluid storage tank 307 cools the compressed air step by step through the first heat exchanger 3030 and the second heat exchanger 3031, reducing the energy loss during the compression process. At the same time, the absorbed heat is stored in the second working fluid storage tank 308 for subsequent energy release use. In the energy release mode, the high-temperature working fluid in the second working fluid storage tank 308 is used to heat the high-pressure air before expansion to improve the expansion efficiency. At the same time, the cooled working fluid flows back to the first working fluid storage tank 307 to form a complete closed-loop cycle. The efficient management of heat energy during the energy storage and energy release processes is realized, reducing the additional energy consumption, making the storage and release of compressed air more economical and efficient. In addition, the thermal cycle mode of this system minimizes the energy loss, improves the energy storage utilization rate, and enhances the load regulation ability and black start ability of the power generation system.

[0131] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the above-mentioned expansion unit 301 includes a first expander 3010 and a second expander 3011; the heating unit 305 includes a third heat exchanger 3050 and a fourth heat exchanger 3051;

[0132] The air outlet of the air storage unit 302 is connected to the air inlet of the third heat exchanger 3050;

[0133] The air outlet of the third heat exchanger 3050 is connected to the air inlet of the first expander 3010;

[0134] The air outlet of the first expander 3010 is connected to the air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger 3051;

[0135] The air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger 3051 is connected to the air inlet of the second expander 3011.

[0136] Exemplarily, the expansion unit 301: is used to perform multi-stage expansion on the high-pressure air in the gas storage unit 302, sequentially reducing its pressure, and performing energy conversion during this process to drive a generator to generate electricity. It includes: a first expander 3010, which is used to perform preliminary expansion on the high-pressure air released by the gas storage unit 302 and output medium-pressure air. A second expander 3011, which is used to receive the medium-pressure air discharged from the first expander 3010 and perform secondary expansion to further reduce the air pressure and complete the energy release process.

[0137] The heating unit 305: is used to compensate for heat loss during the air expansion process, improve the air expansion efficiency, and thus increase the total power generation of the system. It includes: a third heat exchanger 3050, which is used to preheat the high-pressure air released by the gas storage unit 302 to increase its temperature before entering the first expander 3010 and increase the expansion power output. A fourth heat exchanger 3051, which is used to perform secondary heating on the medium-pressure air discharged from the first expander 3010 to increase the temperature of the air before it enters the second expander 3011 and improve the expansion efficiency.

[0138] The working process is as follows:

[0139] Energy release mode (air expansion process): The gas storage unit 302 releases high-pressure air, and the air enters the third heat exchanger 3050, where it is heated using the thermal energy in the system to increase the temperature of the air before expansion, so as to reduce the efficiency loss caused by cooling during the air expansion process. The heated high-pressure air enters the first expander 3010 to perform preliminary expansion work, the air pressure decreases, and at the same time, the mechanical energy is used to drive the generator to generate electricity. The medium-pressure air discharged from the first expander 3010 enters the fourth heat exchanger 3051 and is reheated through the thermal energy in the system to improve the energy efficiency of its subsequent expansion process. The heated medium-pressure air enters the second expander 3011 to perform secondary expansion work, further reducing the air pressure, completing the energy conversion, and finally driving the generator to generate electricity.

[0140] In this embodiment, through multi-stage expansion and heat exchange design, the energy release process of compressed air is optimized, and the energy efficiency of the overall system is improved. During the energy release process, the heat energy recovery and compensation functions of the third heat exchanger 3050 and the fourth heat exchanger 3051 effectively increase the temperature of the air before expansion, reduce the cooling loss, and improve the work capacity of the expander. At the same time, the multi-stage expansion design of the first expander 3010 and the second expander 3011 makes the energy release of the air more uniform, reduces the expansion power loss caused by single-stage expansion, and thus improves the power generation efficiency of the entire system. In addition, this multi-stage expansion method reduces the pressure fluctuation of the expander, improves the stability of the system, reduces equipment wear, and thus extends the operation life of the system.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the working fluid output ports of the second working fluid storage tank 308 are respectively connected to the working fluid input ports of the third heat exchanger 3050 and the fourth heat exchanger 3051;

[0142] The working fluid input ports of the first working fluid storage tank 307 are respectively connected to the working fluid output ports of the third heat exchanger 3050 and the fourth heat exchanger 3051.

[0143] Exemplarily, the energy release mode (air expansion process): The high-temperature working fluid in the second working fluid storage tank 308 enters the third heat exchanger 3050 and the fourth heat exchanger 3051. After providing heat to the air, its own temperature drops. The low-temperature working fluid after releasing heat flows back to the first working fluid storage tank 307 respectively for storage, for use in the next energy storage process, forming a closed-loop thermal working fluid circulation system.

[0144] In this embodiment, through the closed-loop circulation design of the thermal working fluid, the energy conversion efficiency and energy storage release capacity of the system are effectively improved. In the energy release mode, the high-temperature working fluid in the second working fluid storage tank 308 heats the air before expansion through the third heat exchanger 3050 and the fourth heat exchanger 3051, improves the expansion efficiency, reduces the cooling loss, and increases the work capacity of the expander. At the same time, the working fluid after heat release during the heat exchange process flows back to the first working fluid storage tank 307 to store the cooled low-temperature working fluid for use in the cooling process in the next energy storage cycle, realizing heat energy recovery and recycling. The multi-stage heat exchange and closed-loop working fluid circulation mode of this system maximize the utilization of heat, reduce unnecessary energy losses, and make the storage and release of compressed air more economical and efficient. In addition, the thermal cycle mode of this system reduces the equipment stress caused by temperature changes, improves the stability and life of the system, and enhances the load regulation ability and black start ability of the power generation system.

[0145] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the above-mentioned compressed air energy storage subsystem 30 further includes a cooling circulation pump 309 and a heating circulation pump 310;

[0146] The cooling unit 303 is connected to the first working fluid storage tank 307 through the cooling circulation pump 309;

[0147] The heating unit 305 is connected to the second working fluid storage tank 308 through the heating circulation pump 310.

[0148] Exemplarily, the cooling circulation pump 309: is used to drive the low-temperature working fluid in the first working fluid storage tank 307 to flow into the cooling unit 303, ensuring that the cooling unit 303 continuously provides cooling capacity during the compression process, improving the air compression efficiency.

[0149] The heating circulation pump 310: is used to drive the high-temperature working fluid in the second working fluid storage tank 308 to flow into the heating unit 305, ensuring that the air before expansion is fully heated, improving the energy conversion efficiency of the expander.

[0150] The working process is as follows:

[0151] Cooling circulation mode (air compression process): The cooling circulation pump 309 is started, and the low-temperature working fluid in the first working fluid storage tank 307 is transported to the cooling unit 303. The cooling unit 303 exchanges heat with the high-temperature compressed air using the low-temperature working fluid, reducing the temperature of the air, improving the storage efficiency of the compressed air, and reducing energy loss during subsequent storage. The working fluid after absorbing heat flows into the second working fluid storage tank 308 to store the high-temperature working fluid for heating the air during the energy release process, improving the energy conversion efficiency of the expander.

[0152] Heating circulation mode (air expansion process): The heating circulation pump 310 is started, and the high-temperature working fluid in the second working fluid storage tank 308 is transported to the heating unit 305. The heating unit 305 heats the air released from the gas storage unit 302 using the high-temperature working fluid, increasing the temperature of the air before entering the expander, thereby improving the expansion efficiency and increasing the work output. The working fluid after releasing heat flows back to the first working fluid storage tank 307 to store the low-temperature working fluid for the next round of cooling circulation, realizing closed-loop cycle management.

[0153] In this embodiment, by introducing the cooling circulation pump 309 and the heating circulation pump 310, the cooling and heating working fluids can actively circulate, improving the heat exchange efficiency, reducing heat energy loss, and optimizing the overall performance of the energy storage and energy release processes. During the compression process, the cooling circulation pump 309 enables the cooling working fluid to continuously flow into the cooling unit 303, improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the storage loss of compressed air. During the energy release process, the heating circulation pump 310 enables the heating working fluid to continuously flow into the heating unit 305, increasing the temperature of the air before expansion, thereby increasing the power output of the expander and improving the power generation efficiency. The addition of the active circulation pump reduces the temperature gradient during the heat exchange process, increases the heat exchange rate, and enhances the stability of the system under different load conditions. It improves the overall efficiency of the system, reduces additional energy loss, and improves the energy storage utilization rate.

[0154] In an exemplary embodiment, the present application provides an operating method for a power generation system integrating a gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage, including:

[0155] In response to a first control instruction, controlling the extraction valve to close and the make-up valve to close, and controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem;

[0156] In response to a second control instruction, controlling the extraction valve to open and the make-up valve to close, and controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem;

[0157] In response to a third control instruction, controlling the extraction valve to close and the make-up valve to open, and controlling the operation of the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem.

[0158] Exemplarily, when the grid load is in a stable state and no additional energy storage or energy release adjustment is required, the system operates in a normal mode, generating a first control instruction to close the extraction valve and the make-up valve, and to operate the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem. At this time, the synchronous self-shifting clutch is disengaged, and the gas-steam combined cycle system and the compressed air energy storage subsystem operate independently.

[0159] When the grid load decreases (such as when the output of renewable energy is excessive or the electricity demand decreases), a second control instruction is generated to open the extraction valve and close the make-up valve, and to operate the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem. At this time, the synchronous self-shifting clutch is engaged, and the gas-steam combined cycle system and the compressed air energy storage subsystem operate in a coupled manner. The surplus compressed air of the compressor can be stored through the gas storage unit, and the surplus mechanical energy of the steam turbine can be transmitted to the compression unit to compress air for energy storage.

[0160] When the power grid load increases (such as during the peak electricity demand or when the output of renewable energy is insufficient), a third control instruction is generated to close the extraction valve and open the air supply valve, and to operate the gas turbine power generation subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, and the compressed air energy storage subsystem. At this time, the synchronous self-shifting clutch is disengaged, and the compressed air in the gas storage unit can either flow back into the compressor to participate in work again or directly drive the expander and generator to generate electricity, and the gas-steam combined cycle system and the compressed air energy storage subsystem operate in a coupled manner.

[0161] In this embodiment, single or coupled mode operation can be selected according to different requirements, realizing the efficient utilization of energy in the air compression, storage, and expansion processes, improving the thermal economy and energy conversion efficiency of the gas-steam combined cycle unit, enhancing the stability and peak shaving capacity of the power grid, and improving the economy and operating stability of the entire energy system. At the same time, the online switching of the power source of the compression unit is realized through the synchronous self-shifting clutch, enabling it to quickly respond to load changes and improving the flexible peak shaving capacity of the power generation system.

[0162] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0163] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as within the scope recorded in the present application.

[0164] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power generation system integrating gas-steam combined cycle and compressed air energy storage, characterized in that: The system includes: a gas turbine generating subsystem, a steam turbine generating subsystem, a compressed air energy storage subsystem and a synchronous self-shifting clutch; The gas turbine power generation subsystem includes at least one gas turbine generator set, and the gas turbine generator set includes a compressor; The steam turbine power generation subsystem includes a steam turbine and a waste heat boiler; The compressed air energy storage subsystem includes a compression unit, an expansion unit and an air storage unit; The steam turbine is connected to the compression unit via the synchronous self-shifting clutch; The waste heat boiler is connected to the gas turbine generator set and the expansion unit respectively; The air compressor is connected to the air storage unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas turbine generator set also includes a combustion chamber, a turbine and a first generator; The turbine is used to drive the first generator to output electrical energy, and is used to drive the compressor; The air outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber; The air outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the turbine; The air outlet of the turbine is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The air compressor comprises an air inlet, an air extraction port and an air supply port; the air storage unit comprises an air extraction valve and an air supply valve; The air inlet is in communication with the air; The air extraction port is connected to the air extraction valve, and the air supply port is connected to the air supply valve; the air extraction valve is used to control the air flow from the compressor to the air storage unit, and the air supply valve is used to control the air flow from the air storage unit to the compressor.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steam turbine power generation subsystem also includes a condenser, a feedwater pump and a second generator; The steam turbine is used to drive the second generator to output electric energy; The waste heat boiler, the steam turbine, the condenser and the feed water pump are connected in sequence to form a loop.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The compressed air energy storage subsystem further includes a cooling unit, a motor, a heating unit, a third generator, a first working fluid storage tank and a second working fluid storage tank; The electric motor is used to drive the compression unit; The expansion unit is used to drive the third generator to output electrical energy; The compression unit is in communication with air; The cooling unit is respectively connected to the compression unit, the first working fluid storage tank, the second working fluid storage tank and the gas storage unit; The heating unit is respectively connected to the first working fluid storage tank, the second working fluid storage tank, the expansion unit and the gas storage unit.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The compression unit includes a first compressor and a second compressor; the cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger; The air outlet of the first compressor is connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchanger; The air outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the second compressor; The air outlet of the second compressor is connected to the air inlet of the second heat exchanger; The air outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the air input port of the air storage unit.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The working fluid output port of the first working fluid storage tank is connected to the working fluid input port of the first heat exchanger and the working fluid input port of the second heat exchanger respectively; The working fluid input port of the second working fluid storage tank is connected to the working fluid output port of the first heat exchanger and the working fluid output port of the second heat exchanger respectively.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The expansion unit includes a first expander and a second expander; the heating unit includes a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger; The air outlet of the air storage unit is connected to the air input port of the third heat exchanger; The air outlet of the third heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the first expander; The air outlet of the first expander is connected to the air inlet of the fourth heat exchanger; The air outlet of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the second expander.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The working fluid outlet of the second working fluid storage tank is connected to the working fluid inlet of the third heat exchanger and the working fluid inlet of the fourth heat exchanger respectively; The working fluid input port of the first working fluid storage tank is connected to the working fluid output port of the third heat exchanger and the working fluid output port of the fourth heat exchanger respectively.

10. The system according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: The compressed air energy storage subsystem also includes a cooling circulation pump and a heating circulation pump; The cooling unit is connected to the first working fluid storage tank through the cooling circulation pump; The heating unit is connected to the second working fluid storage tank through the heating circulation pump.

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