Method and device for realizing expandable neutral atom quantum calculation based on VCSEL (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) array

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of quantum computing, and particularly discloses a method and device for achieving large-scale extensible neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array. A plurality of vertical emitting laser VCSEL units with working parameters capable of being independently controlled are used for constructing a high-uniformity dot matrix light source, then a focusing system for focusing laser is constructed, the dot matrix light source is focused, and an optical tweezers array with enough strength and proper size is formed and used for capturing neutral atoms. A larger-scale optical tweezers array can be achieved through the VCSEL array prefabricated through micromachining, the number of dot matrixes is not limited by a high numerical aperture NA field angle, the possibility is provided for quantum calculation to expand to more quantum bits in the future, the expandability has important significance along with continuous increasing of the quantum calculation for the number of quantum bits, and the quantum tweezers array can be applied to a large-scale optical tweezers array. Compared with a high numerical aperture NA lens, a VCSEL array and a micro lens array, the technology is relatively mature, large-scale preparation and integration are easier to realize, the cost is reduced, and popularization and application of the quantum computing technology are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of quantum computing, and particularly relates to a method and device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array. Background Art

[0002] In neutral atom quantum computing, an optical tweezer array is a key technology for capturing and manipulating neutral atoms. Traditional methods usually rely on lenses with high numerical aperture (NA) to construct an optical tweezer array. However, this method has certain limitations. With the continuous growth of the demand for the scale of quantum computing, the scale of the optical tweezer array constructed using high-NA lenses is small, generally less than 10,000 dot arrays, making it difficult to achieve a larger-scale expansion and unable to meet the requirements of future quantum computing for more qubits. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technical solution to break through this limitation and realize scalable neutral atom quantum computing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, so as to solve the problem that the scale of the optical tweezer array constructed using high-NA lenses is small, making it difficult to achieve a larger-scale expansion and unable to meet the requirements of future quantum computing for more qubits.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, comprising:

[0006] Using multiple vertical-emitting laser VCSEL units to construct a dot matrix light source, the working parameters including luminous power, wavelength, and divergence angle;

[0007] Constructing a focusing system for focusing the laser emitted by the vertical-emitting laser VCSEL units in the dot matrix light source;

[0008] Using the focusing system to focus all the laser emitted by the dot matrix light source to form an optical tweezer array;

[0009] Individually controlling the movement of the optical tweezers for neutral atoms in the optical tweezer array generated by an independent light source, assembling them into a complete neutral atom array and regulating the state of neutral atom qubits to achieve quantum computing.

[0010] A device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, applying the method for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, comprising:

[0011] A dot matrix light source, composed of multiple vertical-emitting laser VCSEL units, for forming a laser dot matrix light source;

[0012] A focusing system, which is used to focus the laser emitted by the dot light source to form an optical tweezer array;

[0013] A control and imaging system, which forms an optical tweezer by an independent laser and is used to control neutral atoms in the VCSEL optical tweezer array to perform operations such as movement, assembly, and quantum state regulation.

[0014] Preferably, the dot light source is prepared on a substrate material by semiconductor processing technology, and the size, spacing, and light-emitting characteristics of the vertical-emitting laser VCSEL unit are controlled by photolithography, etching, and epitaxial growth processes.

[0015] Preferably, after aligning the constructed focusing system with the dot light source, the focusing system and the dot light source are integrated by the flip-chip method.

[0016] Preferably, the focusing system is a microlens focusing system.

[0017] Preferably, the microlens focusing system is composed of a microlens group for collimating light, a first focusing lens for focusing light, a first collimating lens for collimating light, and a second focusing lens for focusing light, and the microlens group is arranged between the dot light source and the first focusing lens.

[0018] Preferably, the microlens focusing system is composed of a third focusing lens capable of focusing light and a telescope capable of focusing light.

[0019] Preferably, the microlens focusing system is composed of a second collimating lens capable of collimating light and a fourth focusing lens capable of focusing light.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] The present invention uses multiple vertical-emitting laser VCSEL units with separately controllable working parameters to construct a dot light source, and then constructs a focusing system capable of focusing the laser. The focusing system focuses all the lasers emitted by the dot light source to form an optical tweezer array with a sufficient number, sufficient intensity, and appropriate size for capturing neutral atoms. Compared with traditional high-magnification NA lenses, the present invention can use a VCSEL array to achieve a larger-scale optical tweezer array, providing the possibility for future quantum computing to expand to more qubits. With the increasing demand for the number of qubits in quantum computing, this scalability is of great significance;

[0022] The preparation process of the VCSEL array is relatively mature and the cost is low. Compared with high-magnification NA lenses, its large-scale preparation and integration are easier to achieve, thus reducing the cost of constructing a large-scale optical tweezer array and facilitating the popularization and application of quantum computing technology;

[0023] By independently controlling each unit in the VCSEL array, flexible manipulation of each optical tweezer in the optical tweezer array can be achieved, enabling more precise positioning, movement, and interaction control of neutral atoms, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of quantum computing. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array disclosed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the first focusing system used in the device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array disclosed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the second focusing system used in the device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array disclosed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array disclosed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is an application schematic diagram of the device for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array disclosed by the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1, dot matrix light source; 2, focusing system; 21, microlens group; 22, first focusing lens; 23, first collimating lens; 24, second focusing lens; 25, third focusing lens; 26, telescope; 27, second collimating lens; 28, fourth focusing lens; 3, CCD; 4, dichroic mirror; 5, objective lens; 6, adjusting mirror; 7, AOD; 8, micro-nano optical fiber. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the method for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array includes:

[0033] Construct a dot matrix light source 1 using multiple vertically emitting laser VCSEL units. The operating parameters include emission power, wavelength, and divergence angle. The operating parameters of each VCSEL unit in the dot matrix light source 1 can be controlled individually or together, and are set by the operator according to actual needs.

[0034] Construct a focusing system 2 for focusing the laser emitted by the vertically emitting laser VCSEL units in the dot matrix light source 1.

[0035] Use the focusing system 2 to focus all the laser emitted by the dot matrix light source 1 to form an optical tweezer array.

[0036] Individually control the movement of neutral atoms in the optical tweezer array by the optical tweezers generated by an independent light source (the independent light source is generated through an acousto-optic modulator or a spatial light modulator), assemble them into a complete neutral atom array, and regulate the state of neutral atom qubits to achieve quantum computing.

[0037] As can be seen from the above, a dot matrix light source 1 is constructed using multiple vertically emitting laser VCSEL units with individually controllable operating parameters, and then a focusing system capable of focusing the laser is constructed. The focusing system focuses all the laser emitted by the dot matrix light source 1 to form an optical tweezer array with sufficient intensity and appropriate size for capturing neutral atoms. Compared with traditional high-magnification NA lenses, the present invention can use a VCSEL array to achieve a larger-scale optical tweezer array, providing the possibility for future quantum computing to expand to more qubits. With the increasing demand for the number of qubits in quantum computing, this scalability is of great significance. The preparation process of the VCSEL array is relatively mature and the cost is low. Compared with high-magnification NA lenses, its large-scale preparation and integration are easier to achieve, thus reducing the cost of constructing a large-scale optical tweezer array and facilitating the popularization and application of quantum computing technology. By independently controlling each unit in the VCSEL array, flexible manipulation of each optical tweezer in the optical tweezer array can be achieved, and the uniformity and stability of the dot matrix potential well can be more precisely optimized, improving the accuracy and efficiency of quantum computing.

[0038] The optical tweezer array constructed in this way is no longer limited by the size and array scale of high-magnification NA lenses. By setting more vertically emitting laser VCSEL units to construct a larger-size dot matrix light source 1, a larger-scale optical tweezer array can be further constructed. By precisely controlling parameters such as the emission intensity and frequency of each VCSEL in the dot matrix light source 1, independent manipulation of each optical tweezer in the optical tweezer array can be achieved, and thus precise manipulation of the trapped neutral atoms can be achieved, meeting various operation requirements for qubits in quantum computing.

[0039] In the actual operation process, in addition to using VCSEL units to construct a dot matrix light source, other independent light sources can also be used to construct a dot matrix light source, such as using an LED array or other controllable point light sources that can form an array.

[0040] Device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, and method for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, including:

[0041] Dot matrix light source 1, composed of multiple vertically emitting laser VCSEL units with controllable operating parameters, used to form a laser dot matrix light source. The operating parameters of the VCSEL units can be controlled individually or jointly, and are set by the operator according to needs;

[0042] Focusing system 2, used to focus the laser emitted by the dot matrix light source 1 to form an optical tweezer array;

[0043] Control and imaging system, which forms an optical tweezer with an independent laser, used to control the movement, assembly, and quantum state manipulation operations of neutral atoms in the VCSEL optical tweezer array. The independent light source is generated through an acousto-optic modulator or a spatial light modulator.

[0044] The dot matrix light source 1 is fabricated on a substrate material using semiconductor processing technology. The size, spacing, and light emission characteristics of the vertically emitting laser VCSEL units are controlled through photolithography, etching, and epitaxial growth processes to ensure the consistency and stability of the VCSEL array.

[0045] After aligning the completed focusing system 2 with the dot matrix light source 1, the focusing system 2 and the dot matrix light source 1 are integrated using the flip-chip method, so that the laser emitted by the VCSEL can accurately pass through the focusing system 2 for focusing. During the integration process, the optical coupling efficiency between the focusing system 2 and the VCSEL is ensured, and light loss is reduced.

[0046] After assembling the focusing system 2 and the dot matrix light source 1, the optical tweezer array needs to be debugged. By testing parameters such as the intensity distribution and focusing position of the optical tweezer, parameters such as the drive current and temperature of the VCSEL are adjusted to optimize the performance of the optical tweezer. A feedback control system can also be set up to detect and adjust the parameters of the optical tweezer array in real time to ensure that it can stably capture and manipulate neutral atoms.

[0047] Place the prepared optical tweezer array in a vacuum environment, that is, the focusing plane is in a vacuum environment. Introduce a neutral atom beam into the vacuum environment. By adjusting the parameters of the optical tweezer array, the optical tweezer can effectively capture neutral atoms. Use the optical tweezer to position and arrange the neutral atoms to form a quantum bit array. According to the requirements of quantum computing, by controlling the parameters of the VCSEL array and the independent laser to generate a movable optical tweezer, quantum state manipulation of neutral atoms is achieved, such as single-bit rotation, two-bit gate operation, etc., thereby completing the quantum computing task.

[0048] The focusing system 2 is a microlens focusing system.

[0049] Referring to Figure 2 as shown, the microlens focusing system includes a microlens group 21 for collimating light, a first focusing lens 22 for focusing light, a first collimating lens 23 for collimating light, and a second focusing lens 24 for focusing light. The microlens group 21 is disposed between the dot array light source 1 and the first focusing lens 22.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] The technical feature of this embodiment different from the foregoing embodiments is that, referring to Figure 3 as shown, the microlens focusing system includes a third focusing lens 25 capable of focusing light and a telescope 26 capable of focusing light.

[0052] Embodiment 3:

[0053] The technical feature of this embodiment different from the foregoing embodiments is that, referring to Figure 3 as shown, the focusing system 2 includes a second collimating lens 27 capable of collimating light and a focusing lens 28 capable of focusing light. The control and imaging system includes a CCD 3, a dichroic mirror 4, an objective lens 5, an adjusting mirror 6, and an AOD 7. The light emitted by the AOD 7 is collimated by the adjusting mirror 6 and irradiated on the dichroic mirror 4. A part of the light refracted by the dichroic mirror 4 is introduced into the objective lens 5 and then enters the constructed optical tweezer array through the objective lens 5. Another part of the light emitted by the dichroic mirror 4 enters the CCD 3. The CCD is used to check whether the atomic array is assembled completely and for subsequent measurement of the quantum state.

[0054] Application Example:

[0055] Applying the embodiments including Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3, referring to Figure 5 , after constructing the optical tweezer array in the foregoing manner, different optical tweezer arrays can be constructed by different dot array light sources 1 and focusing systems 2. Each dot matrix switch and laser power can be controlled independently. Then, multiple optical tweezer arrays are spliced together to form an assembly module. A micro-nano optical fiber 8 is disposed between the optical tweezer arrays of each module, enabling quantum state transmission across modules. Each module can be controlled independently, and each module has a separate current. A water-cooled plate is disposed below the corresponding module to cool the module chip. Large-scale expandable quantum computing of neutral atoms is realized through the micro-nano optical fiber 8 and the optical tweezer array and transmitted to the optical fiber network through the micro-nano optical fiber to realize a quantum computing network.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0057] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] In the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are involved, and other structures may refer to the general design. Without conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A method for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, characterized in that: include: A dot matrix light source is constructed using a plurality of vertically emitting laser VCSEL units, wherein the operating parameters include luminous power wavelength and divergence angle; Constructing a focusing system for focusing the laser light emitted by the vertically emitting laser VCSEL unit in the dot matrix light source; Using a focusing system to focus all lasers emitted by the dot matrix light source to form an optical tweezers array; Individually control the optical tweezers generated by independent light sources to move the neutral atoms in the optical tweezers array, assemble them into a complete neutral atom array and regulate the bit state of the neutral atoms to achieve quantum computing.

2. A device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array, characterized in that: The method for realizing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array as claimed in claim 1 comprises: A dot matrix light source, composed of a plurality of vertically emitting laser VCSEL units, is used to form a laser dot matrix light source; A focusing system, used for focusing the laser light emitted by the dot matrix light source to form an optical tweezers array; The control and imaging system, which is composed of independent lasers to form optical tweezers, is used to control the movement, assembly and quantum state regulation of neutral atoms in the VCSEL optical tweezers array.

3. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dot matrix light source is prepared on a substrate material by using a semiconductor processing technology, and the size, spacing and light-emitting characteristics of the vertically emitting laser VCSEL unit are controlled by photolithography, etching and epitaxial growth processes.

4. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 2, characterized in that: After aligning the constructed focusing system and the dot matrix light source, the focusing system and the dot matrix light source are integrated using a flip chip method.

5. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The focusing system is a microlens focusing system.

6. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microlens focusing system comprises a microlens group for straightening light, a focusing lens 1 for focusing light, a straightening lens 1 for straightening light and a focusing lens 2 for focusing light, and the microlens group is arranged between the dot matrix light source and the focusing lens 1.

7. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microlens focusing system is composed of a focusing lens three capable of focusing light and a telescope capable of focusing light.

8. The device for implementing scalable neutral atom quantum computing based on a VCSEL array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microlens focusing system is composed of a flattening lens 2 capable of flattening light and a focusing lens 4 capable of focusing light.

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