Grating guide rail with precise length measurement function

Abstract

The invention discloses a grating guide rail with a precise length measurement function, which comprises a grating guide rail body, a suspension type damping mounting assembly and a reading head cleaning mechanism, and is characterized in that the grating guide rail body is composed of a scale grating and a grating reading head, and the grating reading head is slidably arranged on the scale grating; the suspension type damping mounting assembly is mounted at the bottom of the scale grating and comprises a mounting plate, a plurality of groups of hollow spheres, a bracket, an electromagnetic block, a guide plate, a magnet, a resistor guide column and an electrified wire, the mounting plate is fixed on the machine tool equipment, and the hollow spheres are uniformly distributed on the surface of the mounting plate; the bracket is installed in the hollow ball, a guide groove is longitudinally formed in the middle of the bracket, the electromagnetic block is fixed to the upper end of the bracket, a penetrating opening is formed in the middle of the electromagnetic block, and the four sets of guide plates are evenly distributed on the periphery of the electromagnetic block. According to the precise measurement grating guide rail designed by the invention, the influence of vibration and pollution in an external environment on the grating guide rail can be reduced, so that the measurement accuracy of the grating guide rail is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grating guide rails, in particular to a grating guide rail with a precise length measurement function. Background Art

[0002] Grating rulers, also called grating ruler displacement sensors or grating guides, are measurement feedback devices that work based on the optical principle of gratings. Grating rulers are often used in closed-loop servo systems of CNC machine tools and can be used to detect linear or angular displacements. The output signal of the measurement is a digital pulse, which has the characteristics of a large detection range, high detection accuracy, and fast response speed. For example, in CNC machine tools, it is often used to detect the coordinates of tools and workpieces to observe and track tool feed errors, so as to compensate for tool motion errors. Grating rulers are divided into transmission gratings and reflection gratings according to different manufacturing methods and optical principles.

[0003] However, the existing grating guide rails have the following problems during use: since grating rulers are often used for precise measurement of some machine tools, but the working environment of machine tools is prone to dirt, the dust and contaminants on the surface of the grating ruler may affect the reading accuracy of the grating ruler and the accuracy of the photoelectric sensor. In addition, the mechanical vibration in the environment of the machine tool equipment may cause the grating ruler to move, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. There is a lack of effective means to deal with such situations. Therefore, it is necessary to design corresponding technical solutions to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grating guide rail with a precise length measurement function, which solves the technical problem that grating rulers are often used for precise measurement of some machine tools, but dirt is easily present in the working environment of the machine tools. Dust and contaminants on the surface of the grating ruler may affect the reading accuracy of the grating ruler and the accuracy of the photoelectric sensor. In addition, mechanical vibrations in the environment of the machine tools may cause the movement of the grating ruler, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. There is a lack of effective means to deal with such situations.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a grating guide rail with a precise length measurement function, comprising a grating guide rail body, a suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly and a head cleaning mechanism, wherein the grating guide rail body is composed of a scale grating and a grating reading head, wherein the grating reading head is slidably arranged on the scale grating, wherein the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly is installed at the bottom of the scale grating and comprises a mounting plate, a hollow sphere, a bracket, an electromagnetic block, a guide plate, a magnet, a resistance guide column and a conducting wire, wherein the mounting plate is fixed on a machine tool, wherein the hollow spheres are divided into several groups and are evenly distributed on the surface of the mounting plate, wherein the bracket is installed in the hollow sphere and a guide groove is longitudinally opened in the middle, wherein the electromagnetic block is fixed at the upper end of the bracket and a guide groove is longitudinally opened in the middle The guide plates are divided into four groups and are evenly distributed on the periphery of the electromagnetic block. The magnet is located directly above the electromagnetic block and the upper end is connected to the bottom of the scale grating through a metal rod. The lower end of the magnet is connected to the resistance guide column. The resistance guide column is longitudinally inserted into the through-hole and connected to the electric wire. The head cleaning mechanism is installed at the detection end of the grating reading head. The head cleaning mechanism includes an L-shaped bracket, a cleaning plate, a suction assembly and a metal connecting pipe. The L-shaped bracket is divided into two groups and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the detection end of the grating reading head. The cleaning plate is fixed to the bottom of the L-shaped bracket, the suction assembly is installed on the L-shaped bracket, and the metal connecting pipe is installed between the two groups of L-shaped brackets and one end is connected to the pump body through a pipeline.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a floating cavity is formed inside the hollow sphere, and an opening is formed at the upper end of the floating cavity, and the diameter of the opening is larger than the diameter of the magnet.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block is the same as the lower magnetic pole of the magnet when the electromagnetic block is powered on, and the electromagnetic block and the magnet are both located in four groups of guide plates.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a conductive ring is fixed to the lower end of the through-hole of the electromagnetic block, and the resistor guide column is longitudinally inserted into the conductive ring and contacts the conductive ring.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the resistance guide column includes a column and a resistance wire wound on the column, the resistance wire is connected to the conducting wire, and the resistance wire is in contact with the conductive ring.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning plate includes a transverse plate and a plurality of groups of cleaning cottons evenly fixed to the bottom of the transverse plate. The cleaning cottons are in a long strip structure and the lower end thereof contacts the surface of the scale grating.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction assembly includes a suction pipe and several groups of suction heads evenly distributed below the suction pipe, one end of the suction pipe passes through an L-shaped bracket and is connected to a metal connecting pipe, and the several groups of suction heads are located on one side of the horizontal plate and the lower ends are facing the surface of the scale grating.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The present invention designs a precision measuring grating guide rail, which includes a grating guide rail body, a suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly and a reader cleaning mechanism. Before the grating guide rail body is installed on a machine tool, the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly is pre-installed on the machine tool and the grating guide rail body is mounted on the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly. When the machine tool vibrates during use, the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly can keep the grating guide rail body in a stable state, thereby reducing the problem of inaccurate detection results caused by the vibration of the grating guide rail. In addition, the reader cleaning mechanism can automatically clean the surface of the scale grating during the movement of the reader, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the electrical sensor.

[0014] 2. The precision measurement grating guide rail designed by the present invention can reduce the influence of vibration and pollution in the external environment on the grating guide rail, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the grating guide rail measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a local A structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the L-shaped bracket and the cleaning plate connection of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a local B structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. scale grating; 2. grating reading head; 3. mounting plate; 4. hollow sphere; 5. bracket; 6. electromagnetic block; 7. guide plate; 8. magnet; 9. resistance guide column; 10. electric wire; 11. guide groove; 12. through-hole; 13. L-shaped bracket; 14. cleaning plate; 15. suction assembly; 16. metal connecting pipe; 17. pump body; 18. floating cavity; 19. opening; 20. conductive ring; 21. column; 22. resistance wire; 23. horizontal plate; 24. cleaning cotton; 25. suction tube; 26. suction head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function, comprising a grating guide rail body, a suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly and a head cleaning mechanism, the grating guide rail body is composed of a scale grating 1 and a grating reading head 2, the grating reading head 2 is slidably arranged on the scale grating 1, the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly is installed at the bottom of the scale grating 1 and comprises a mounting plate 3, a hollow sphere 4, a bracket 5, an electromagnetic block 6, a guide plate 7, a magnet 8, a resistance guide column 9 and a conducting wire 10, the mounting plate 3 is fixed on the machine tool equipment, the hollow sphere 4 is divided into several groups and is evenly distributed on the surface of the mounting plate 3, the bracket 5 is installed in the hollow sphere 4 and a guide groove 11 is longitudinally opened in the middle, the electromagnetic block 6 is fixed to the upper end of the bracket 5 and a through hole 12 is opened in the middle, the guide plate 7 There are four groups of magnets 8 that are evenly distributed on the periphery of the electromagnetic block 6. The magnet 8 is located directly above the electromagnetic block 6 and the upper end is connected to the bottom of the scale grating 1 through a metal rod. The lower end of the magnet 8 is connected to the resistance guide column 9. The resistance guide column 9 is longitudinally inserted into the through-hole 12 and is connected to the conducting wire 10. The head cleaning mechanism is installed at the detection end of the grating reading head 2. The head cleaning mechanism includes an L-shaped bracket 13, a cleaning plate 14, a suction assembly 15 and a metal connecting pipe 16. The L-shaped bracket 13 is divided into two groups and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the detection end of the grating reading head 2. The cleaning plate 14 is fixed to the bottom of the L-shaped bracket 13, the suction assembly 15 is installed on the L-shaped bracket 13, and the metal connecting pipe 16 is installed between the two groups of L-shaped brackets 13 and one end is connected to the pump body 17 through a pipeline.

[0023] Further improvement, such as Figure 3 As shown, a floating cavity 18 is formed inside the hollow sphere 4 , and an opening 19 is formed at the upper end of the floating cavity 18 . The diameter of the opening 19 is larger than the diameter of the magnet 8 . This design makes it easy for the magnet 8 to float up and down in the hollow sphere 4 .

[0024] Further improvement, such as Figure 3 As shown, the upper magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block 6 is the same as the lower magnetic pole of the magnet 8 when the power is on. The electromagnetic block 6 and the magnet 8 are both located in the four sets of guide plates 7. The electromagnetic block 6 generates magnetism when the power is on and acts on the magnet 8, so as to facilitate the suspension of the magnet 8.

[0025] Further improvement, such as Figure 3As shown, a conductive ring 20 is fixed at the lower end of the through hole 12 of the electromagnetic block 6, and the resistor guide column 9 is longitudinally inserted into the conductive ring 20 and contacts the conductive ring 20, so as to facilitate the electrification of the electromagnetic block 6.

[0026] Further improvement, such as Figure 3 As shown, the resistance guide column 9 includes a column 21 and a resistance wire 22 wound on the column 21, the resistance wire 22 is connected to the electric wire 10, and the resistance wire 22 is in contact with the conductive ring 20. The current is introduced into the conductive ring 20 through the resistance wire and the electromagnetic block 6 is energized to generate magnetism.

[0027] Further improvement, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cleaning plate 14 includes a transverse plate 23 and a plurality of groups of cleaning cotton 24 evenly fixed at the bottom of the transverse plate 23. The cleaning cotton 24 is in a long strip structure and the lower end is in contact with the surface of the scale grating 1. The cleaning plate 14 moves synchronously with the movement of the grating reading head 2 and cleans the dust on the surface of the scale grating 1.

[0028] Specifically, the suction assembly 15 includes a suction pipe 25 and several groups of suction heads 26 evenly distributed below the suction pipe 25. One end of the suction pipe 25 passes through the L-shaped bracket 13 and is connected to the metal connecting pipe 16. The several groups of suction heads 26 are located on one side of the horizontal plate 23 and the lower ends are facing the surface of the scale grating 1. The dust swept by the cleaning cotton 24 is adsorbed by the suction pipe 26 and introduced into the metal connecting pipe 16 through the suction pipe 25. The dust is guided through the metal connecting pipe 16 and is sucked out through the pump body 17.

[0029] When in use: before installing the grating guide rail body on the machine tool equipment, install the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly on the machine tool equipment in advance, then set the scale grating 1 on the mounting plate 3, and insert several groups of magnets 8 into the hollow sphere 4 and locate them in the guide plate 7, insert the resistance guide column 9 into the through-hole 12, then energize the wire 10 to transfer the current to the resistance guide column 9, the current is introduced into the conductive ring 20 through the resistance wire 22 and energize the electromagnetic block 6 to generate magnetism, the electromagnetic block 6 generates magnetism and acts on the magnet 8 in the energized state, and keeps the magnet 8 and the scale grating 1 in the suspended state, when the machine tool equipment vibrates and causes the suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly to float up and down, the electromagnetic block 6 moves up and down synchronously, when the electromagnetic block 6 moves upward, the conductive ring 20 in contact with the resistance wire 22 moves upward synchronously, and the contact part between the conductive ring 20 and the resistance wire 22 is extended, The increase in resistance causes the magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 6 to decrease, and the magnet 8 and the scale grating 1 located above the electromagnetic block 6 are relatively stationary. On the contrary, when the electromagnetic block 6 moves downward, the conductive ring 20 in contact with the resistance wire 22 moves downward synchronously, and the contact portion between the conductive ring 20 and the resistance wire 22 is shortened. The decrease in resistance causes the magnetic force of the electromagnetic block 6 to increase, and the magnet 8 and the scale grating 1 located above the electromagnetic block 6 are also relatively stationary, reducing the impact of the vibration of the machine tool equipment on the scale grating 1 during use, thereby ensuring the accuracy of detection. In addition, the cleaning plate 14 moves synchronously with the movement of the grating reading head 2 and cleans the dust on the surface of the scale grating 1. The dust cleaned by the cleaning cotton 24 is adsorbed by the suction pipe 26 and introduced into the metal connecting pipe 16 through the suction pipe 25. The dust is guided through the metal connecting pipe 16 and pumped out through the pump body 17 to achieve the purpose of cleaning.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inside", "front", "center", "both ends" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grating guide rail with a precise length measurement function, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grating guide rail body, a suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly and a head cleaning mechanism. The grating guide rail body comprises a scale grating (1) and a grating reading head (2). The grating reading head (2) is slidably arranged on the scale grating (1). The suspended shock-absorbing mounting assembly is installed at the bottom of the scale grating (1) and comprises a mounting plate (3), a hollow sphere (4), a bracket (5), an electromagnetic block (6), a guide plate (7), a magnet (8), a resistance guide column (9) and a conducting wire (10). The mounting plate (3) is fixed on a machine tool. The hollow sphere (4) is divided into a plurality of groups and is evenly distributed on the surface of the mounting plate (3). The bracket (5) is installed in the hollow sphere (4) and has a guide groove (11) longitudinally opened in the middle. The electromagnetic block (6) is fixed to the upper end of the bracket (5) and has a through hole (12) opened in the middle. The guide plate (7) is divided into four groups and is evenly distributed on the electromagnetic block (6). ), the magnet (8) is located directly above the electromagnetic block (6) and the upper end is connected to the bottom of the scale grating (1) through a metal rod, the lower end of the magnet (8) is connected to the resistance guide column (9), the resistance guide column (9) is longitudinally inserted into the through hole (12) and connected to the electric wire (10), the head cleaning mechanism is installed at the detection end of the grating reading head (2), the head cleaning mechanism includes an L-shaped bracket (13), a cleaning plate (14), a suction assembly (15) and a metal connecting pipe (16), the L-shaped bracket (13) is divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the detection end of the grating reading head (2), the cleaning plate (14) is fixed to the bottom of the L-shaped bracket (13), the suction assembly (15) is installed on the L-shaped bracket (13), the metal connecting pipe (16) is installed between the two groups of L-shaped brackets (13) and one end is connected to the pump body (17) through a pipeline.

2. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating cavity (18) is formed inside the hollow sphere (4), and an opening (19) is formed at the upper end of the floating cavity (18), wherein the diameter of the opening (19) is greater than the diameter of the magnet (8).

3. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block (6) is the same as the lower magnetic pole of the magnet (8) when the power is on. The electromagnetic block (6) and the magnet (8) are both located in the four groups of guide plates (7).

4. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conductive ring (20) is fixed at the lower end of the through opening (12) of the electromagnetic block (6), and the resistor guide column (9) is longitudinally inserted into the conductive ring (20) and is in contact with the conductive ring (20).

5. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resistance guide column (9) comprises a column (21) and a resistance wire (22) wound around the column (21); the resistance wire (22) is connected to the conducting wire (10); and the resistance wire (22) is in contact with the conductive ring (20).

6. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning plate (14) comprises a transverse plate (23) and a plurality of groups of cleaning cotton (24) uniformly fixed to the bottom of the transverse plate (23); the cleaning cotton (24) is in a long strip structure and the lower end is in contact with the surface of the scale grating (1).

7. The grating guide rail with a length precision measurement function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suction assembly (15) comprises a suction pipe (25) and a plurality of groups of suction heads (26) evenly distributed below the suction pipe (25); one end of the suction pipe (25) passes through the L-shaped bracket (13) and is connected to the metal connecting pipe (16); the plurality of groups of suction heads (26) are located on one side of the horizontal plate (23) and the lower ends thereof face the surface of the scale grating (1).

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