Wheat stubble multiple cropping sorghum millet no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a wheat stubble multi-cropping sorghum millet no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine tool, which comprises a front fork, a rear fork, a rear fork, a rear fork, a rear fork and a rear fork, and is characterized in that the front fork is fixedly arranged at the head end of a rack main body and is used for shoveling straw stubbles; the smashing device is arranged on the machine frame body and located on the upper side of a transverse plate of the machine frame body, and the tail end of the transverse plate inclines downwards; the conveying device is arranged on the rack main body, and the conveying device is connected with the front fork and the smashing device and used for conveying the straw stubbles shoveled by the front fork to the smashing device; the no-tillage direct seeding module is arranged on the rack main body, the seeding position of the no-tillage direct seeding module is located in the middle section of the rack main body, and the no-tillage direct seeding module is used for seeding and fertilizing. The front fork is arranged at the head end of the rack body to shovel straw stubbles, the straw stubbles are smashed and then thrown to the surface of cultivated land through the tail end of the rack body, enrichment of large-size straw fragments in areas near seeds in soil is reduced, the phenomenon that root systems of the seeds are difficult to anchor is prevented, and therefore the problems existing in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a no-till seeding and fertilizing machine for double cropping sorghum and millet in wheat stubble fields. Background Art

[0002] The no-till seeding and fertilizing machine is the core equipment of the conservation tillage technology in modern agriculture. Its design concept is to complete operations such as seeding, fertilizing, and soil covering in one go without tilling the soil, so as to reduce soil disturbance and improve the operation efficiency of fertilizing and seeding. With the development of intelligent agricultural power machinery, the no-till seeding and fertilizing machine has further improved the operation efficiency and ecological benefits by integrating technical means such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and precise navigation, and has more achieved the efficient utilization of resources through digital and automated technologies.

[0003] In the prior art, during the process of using a no-till seeding and fertilizing machine for double cropping in wheat stubble fields, in order to ensure sufficient contact between the seeds and the soil and guarantee the seed germination rate, it is generally necessary to crush the crop straw residues in the cultivated land before seeding or fertilizing. For example, in the prior art, a no-till side deep fertilization precision direct seeding machine proposed in a Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN116210385B uses a stubble-breaking device to crush the straw residues of the previous crop in the cultivated land before seeding.

[0004] However, the straw fragments generated after being crushed by the stubble-breaking device of the above-mentioned no-till side deep fertilization precision direct seeding machine are still mixed in the surface soil of the cultivated land. When the seeds come into contact with the larger-volume straw fragments in the soil after sowing, it will still cause the situation of difficult root anchoring of the seeds, which will have an adverse impact on the seed germination rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a no-till seeding and fertilizing machine for double cropping sorghum and millet in wheat stubble fields, comprising: A front fork, fixedly arranged at the head end of the frame body, for shoveling up straw residues; A crushing device, arranged on the frame body, the crushing device is located above the cross plate of the frame body, and the tail end of the cross plate is inclined downward; A conveying device, arranged on the frame body, the conveying device is connected to the front fork and the crushing device, and is used for transporting the straw residues shoveled up by the front fork to the crushing device; A no-till direct seeding module, arranged on the frame body, the seeding position of the no-till direct seeding module is located in the middle section of the frame body, and is used for seeding and fertilizing.

[0006] Further, the conveying device comprises: A first transmission shaft, arranged between a pair of side plates of the frame body, and both ends of the first transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates; The first motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates. The driving end of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft and is used for driving the first transmission shaft to rotate; A plurality of first transmission components are arranged on the first transmission shaft. The plurality of first transmission components are all connected to the front fork and are used for conveying straw stubble; A pair of assembly shafts are arranged between the pair of side plates. Any one of the assembly shafts is parallel to the first transmission shaft. Both ends of one of the assembly shafts are fixedly connected to the pair of side plates respectively; A pair of tensioning components are respectively arranged on the pair of side plates. The pair of tensioning components are respectively connected to both ends of the other assembly shaft and are used for assembling the other assembly shaft on the pair of side plates; A plurality of second transmission components are arranged on the pair of assembly shafts. The plurality of second transmission components respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of first transmission components one by one. The plurality of second transmission components are all connected to the input end of the crushing device and are used for conveying straw stubble.

[0007] Furthermore, the first transmission component includes: The first synchronous pulley is rotatably sleeved on the cross bar of the front fork. The first synchronous pulley is located between a pair of adjacent fork teeth of the front fork; The second synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft; The conveyor belt is sleeved on the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley and is used for driving the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley to rotate synchronously. The conveyor belt is connected to the corresponding second transmission component; A plurality of transmission teeth are fixedly arranged on the outer ring surface of the conveyor belt. The plurality of transmission teeth are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the conveyor belt. During the synchronous rotation of the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley, the plurality of transmission teeth sequentially pass through between a pair of adjacent fork teeth of the front fork.

[0008] Furthermore, the second transmission component includes: A pair of transmission wheels are respectively rotatably sleeved on the pair of assembly shafts; The transmission belt is sleeved on the pair of transmission wheels. The head end of the transmission belt is connected to the corresponding first transmission component. The transmission belt is connected to the input end of the crushing device. The tail end of the transmission belt inclines downward and is used for conveying straw stubble.

[0009] Furthermore, the conveying device further includes: The movable bracket is arranged on the first transmission shaft and is used for peeling off the straw stubble conveyed by the first transmission component; The baffle is arranged between the pair of side plates. Both ends of the baffle are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates respectively. The baffle matches the position of the input end of the crushing device and is used for blocking the straw stubble from entering the crushing device; The second motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates. The driving end of the second motor is connected to the baffle and is used for driving the baffle to flip.

[0010] Further, the movable bracket includes: A plurality of bushings rotatably sleeved on the first transmission shaft, and any one of the bushings is located between a pair of adjacent first transmission components; The first movable rod is arranged between a pair of side plates, and the first movable rod is located above the transmission belt; A plurality of connecting rods are respectively fixedly arranged on a plurality of bushings, and the plurality of connecting rods are fixedly connected to the first movable rod; The second movable rod is arranged between a pair of side plates, the second movable rod is located in the inner cavity of the transmission belt, and the second movable rod is fixedly connected to the first movable rod.

[0011] Further, the tensioning assembly includes: An assembly housing fixedly arranged on the side plate, and the axis of the assembly housing is perpendicular to the axis of any one of the assembly shafts; An assembly hole is opened on the side plate, the assembly hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the assembly housing, the assembly hole is an oblong hole, and the axis of the assembly hole is parallel to the axis of the assembly housing; A guide rod is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the assembly housing, and the axis of the guide rod is collinear with the axis of the assembly housing; A connecting member is slidably arranged on the guide rod, the outer wall of the connecting member abuts against the inner wall of the assembly housing, and one end of the connecting member passes through the assembly hole and is connected to the assembly shaft for assembling the assembly shaft on the side plate; A bearing plate is slidably arranged on the guide rod; A return spring is movably sleeved on the guide rod, and both ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the bearing plate and the connecting member for elastically supporting the connecting member; A plurality of cushion blocks are arranged in the inner cavity of the assembly housing, and the bearing plate is located between any one of the cushion blocks and the return spring.

[0012] Further, the no-till direct seeding module includes: A ditching device is arranged under the cross plate and is used for ditching and ridging the cultivated land; A bearing beam is arranged under the cross plate, and both ends of the bearing beam are respectively fixedly connected to a pair of side plates; A storage bin is fixedly arranged on the main body of the frame, and a first storage chamber and a second storage chamber are formed inside the storage bin; A plurality of seeding assemblies are arranged on the bearing beam, the plurality of seeding assemblies are equally spaced along the axial direction of the bearing beam, the plurality of seeding assemblies are connected to the storage bin, and the plurality of seeding assemblies correspond to the positions of a plurality of ridge platforms of the cultivated land one by one; A fertilizing assembly is arranged on the main body of the frame, the fertilizing assembly is connected to the storage bin and is used for fertilizing the cultivated land.

[0013] Further, the seeding assembly includes: A plurality of groove pressing mechanisms are arranged on the load-bearing beam, and the plurality of groove pressing mechanisms respectively correspond to the positions of a plurality of ridge platforms one by one, and are used for pressing seed furrows on the tops of the ridge platforms; A pressing device is arranged at the tail end of the main body of the frame and is used for pressing the cultivated land soil; A plurality of assembly brackets are fixedly arranged on the load-bearing beam, and any one assembly bracket is located between one of the groove pressing mechanisms and the soil pressing roller; A plurality of pairs of soil covering plates are respectively fixedly arranged on the plurality of assembly brackets, and any pair of soil covering plates are arranged on both sides of one of the seed furrows and are used for covering soil into the seed furrows; A plurality of second metering feeding devices are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin and communicated with the second storage chamber, and are used for metering and feeding out the seeds stored in the second storage chamber; A plurality of second feeding pipes are fixedly arranged on the load-bearing beam, the input ends of the plurality of second feeding pipes are respectively connected with the plurality of second metering feeding devices, the output end of any one second feeding pipe corresponds to the position of one of the seed furrows, and the output end of the second feeding pipe is located between one of the pairs of soil covering plates and the corresponding groove pressing mechanism and is used for conveying seeds into the seed furrows; A second driving shaft is arranged on the main body of the frame, and both ends of the second driving shaft are rotatably connected with a pair of side plates, and the second driving shaft is connected with the plurality of second metering feeding devices; A fifth motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates, and the driving end of the fifth motor is connected with the second driving shaft and is used for driving the second driving shaft to rotate.

[0014] Furthermore, the groove pressing mechanism includes: A guiding hole is opened on the load-bearing beam; A load-bearing bracket is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate, and the load-bearing beam passes through the inner cavity of the limiting part of the load-bearing bracket; A guiding column is fixedly arranged on the load-bearing bracket, the guiding column is located in the inner cavity of the limiting part, and the guiding column is movably inserted into the guiding hole; A groove pressing wheel is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the load-bearing bracket, and the load-bearing beam is located between the groove pressing wheel and the cross plate; A support spring is movably sleeved on the guiding column, and both ends of the support spring are respectively connected with the load-bearing beam and the load-bearing bracket, and the support spring is located between the load-bearing beam and the groove pressing wheel and is used for elastically supporting the load-bearing bracket.

[0015] A wheat stubble multiple cropping sorghum and millet no-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This device picks up straw stubble with a front fork at the head end of the frame body, conveys it to a crushing device through a conveying device for crushing, discharges the crushed straw fragments to the tail end of the frame body, and sets the seeding position of the no-till direct seeding module in the middle section at the bottom of the frame body, so that this device picks up straw stubble before seeding and scatters the straw fragments on the surface of the cultivated soil after seeding, reducing the enrichment of large-volume straw fragments in the area near the seeds in the soil and preventing the occurrence of difficult seed root anchoring, thus solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0016] 2. This device sets transmission teeth on the conveyor belt to pick up and convey the straw stubble picked up by the front fork, enabling the soil picked up by the front fork to fall back to the ground through the gaps between the fork teeth and the gaps between multiple conveyor belts. Additionally, by setting multiple second transmission components and a movable bracket to convey the straw stubble, the movable bracket continuously impacts the conveyor belt of the second transmission component to make it vibrate, reducing the sliding resistance of the straw stubble on the conveyor belt, improving the transmission efficiency of the conveyor belt for the straw stubble, and facilitating the shaking off of loose soil adhering to the straw stubble, thereby reducing the amount of soil entering the crushing device and enhancing the crushing efficiency of the crushing device for the straw stubble. Secondly, by using the cooperation of the movable bracket and the conveyor belt to convey the straw, this device can effectively reduce the noise generated when the movable bracket impacts the frame body, preventing excessive noise during operation from having an adverse impact on the user's hearing.

[0017] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is an internal structure schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a part drawing of the frame body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a part drawing of the front fork according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of the conveying device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is an assembly schematic diagram of the first transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is an assembly schematic diagram of the second transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is an internal structure schematic diagram of the crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9Part drawing of the bearing housing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Part drawing of the movable bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 Assembly schematic diagram of the tensioning assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 Assembly schematic diagram of the no-till direct seeding module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 Part drawing of the ditching tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 Internal structure schematic diagram of the first quantitative feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 Internal structure schematic diagram of the second quantitative feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 Assembly schematic diagram of the grooving mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - Frame main body, 11 - Horizontal plate, 12 - Side plate, 13 - Wheel, 2 - Front fork, 21 - Cross bar, 22 - Fork teeth, 3 - Crushing device, 31 - Bearing housing, 32 - Input window, 33 - Output window, 34 - Perforated plate, 35 - Cutter shaft, 36 - Crushing blade, 37 - Fixed blade, 38 - Limit hole, 4 - Conveying device, 41 - First transmission shaft, 42 - First transmission assembly, 421 - First synchronous pulley, 422 - Conveyor belt, 423 - Transmission teeth, 43 - Assembly shaft, 44 - Second transmission assembly, 441 - Transmission wheel, 442 - Transmission belt, 45 - Movable bracket, 451 - Bush, 452 - First movable rod, 453 - Link rod, 454 - Second movable rod, 46 - Baffle, 47 - Tensioning assembly, 471 - Assembly housing, 472 - Guide rod, 473 - Connecting piece, 474 - Bearing plate, 475 - Return spring, 476 - Cushion block, 5 - No-tillage direct-seeding module, 51 - Second transmission shaft, 52 - Ditching cutter, 521 - Cutter disc, 522 - Ditching knife, 53 - Bearing beam, 54 - Storage bin, 541 - First storage chamber, 542 - Second storage chamber, 551 - Grooving mechanism, 5511 - Bearing bracket, 55111 - Limiting part, 5512 - Guide post, 5513 - Grooving wheel, 5514 - Support spring, 552 - Soil pressing roller, 553 - Assembly rod, 554 - Assembly bracket, 555 - Soil covering plate, 556 - Second metering feeding device, 5561 - Second feeding housing, 5562 - Second feeding wheel, 5563 - Second feeding groove, 5564 - Third feeding chamber, 5565 - Fourth feeding chamber, 557 - Second feeding pipe, 56 - First metering feeding device, 561 - First feeding housing, 562 - First feeding wheel, 563 - First feeding groove, 564 - First feeding chamber, 565 - Second feeding chamber, 57 - First feeding pipe. Detailed implementation manner

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the present invention will be further elaborated.

[0021] Regarding the foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention, they will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as: up, down, left, right, front or rear, etc., are only the directions with reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration and not for limiting the present invention. In addition, in all embodiments, the same reference numerals represent the same elements.

[0022] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, a no-till seeding and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multiple cropping of sorghum and millet according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a front fork 2, a crushing device 3, a conveying device 4 and a no-till direct seeding module 5; the front fork 2 is fixedly arranged at the head end of the frame body 1 and is used for shoveling up straw stubble; the crushing device 3 is arranged on the frame body 1, the crushing device 3 is located above the cross plate 11 of the frame body 1, and the tail end of the cross plate 11 is inclined downward; the conveying device 4 is arranged on the frame body 1, the conveying device 4 is connected with the front fork 2 and the crushing device 3 and is used for conveying the straw stubble shoveled up by the front fork 2 to the crushing device 3; the no-till direct seeding module 5 is arranged on the frame body 1, and the seeding position of the no-till direct seeding module 5 is located in the middle section of the frame body 1 and is used for seeding and fertilizing.

[0023] Preferably, as Figure 1 , 2 shown, wheels 13 are arranged on the frame body 1, and the frame body 1 is connected with an external tractor, and the frame body 1 is towed by the tractor to move forward. Secondly, the following are also arranged on the frame body 1: a GPS positioning device (not shown in the figure), a wireless communication device (not shown in the figure) and a controller (not shown in the figure); the controller is arranged on the frame body 1 and is electrically connected with the no-till direct seeding module 5 and is used for controlling the seeding and fertilizing efficiency of the no-till direct seeding module 5; the GPS positioning device is arranged on the frame body 1 and is electrically connected with the controller; the wireless communication device is arranged on the frame body 1 and is electrically connected with the controller, and the wireless communication device performs real-time wireless communication with an external central control device, so that the controller can send the position information of the frame body 1 to the central control device through the wireless communication device through the wireless communication device, and the central control device transmits the soil moisture data of the position where the frame is located to the controller through the GPS positioning device, so that the controller can adjust the seeding and fertilizing amount of the no-till direct seeding module 5 according to the soil moisture condition of the current cultivated land, realizing the intelligent control of this equipment. Preferably, in this embodiment, the user can arrange a plurality of soil moisture sensors in the cultivated land soil and electrically connect them with the central control device to facilitate the central control device to obtain the soil moisture data of the cultivated land soil.

[0024] Furthermore, as Figures 2 to 5As shown, the conveying device 4 includes: a first transmission shaft 41, a first motor (not shown in the figure), a plurality of first transmission components 42, a pair of mounting shafts 43, a pair of tensioning components 47, and a plurality of second transmission components 44; the first transmission shaft 41 is arranged between a pair of side plates 12 of the frame body 1, and both ends of the first transmission shaft 41 are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates 12 respectively; the first motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates 12, the driving end of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft 41, and the first motor is electrically connected to the controller for driving the first transmission shaft 41 to rotate; a plurality of first transmission components 42 are arranged on the first transmission shaft 41, and the plurality of first transmission components 42 are all connected to the front fork 2 for conveying straw residues; a pair of mounting shafts 43 are arranged between the pair of side plates 12, any one of the mounting shafts 43 is parallel to the first transmission shaft 41, and both ends of one of the mounting shafts 43 are fixedly connected to the pair of side plates 12 respectively; a pair of tensioning components 47 are respectively arranged on the pair of side plates 12, and the pair of tensioning components 47 are respectively connected to both ends of the other mounting shaft 43 for mounting the other mounting shaft 43 on the pair of side plates 12; a plurality of second transmission components 44 are arranged on the pair of mounting shafts 43, the plurality of second transmission components 44 correspond to the positions of the plurality of first transmission components 42 one by one, and the plurality of second transmission components 44 are all connected to the input end of the crushing device 3 for conveying straw residues.

[0025] Further, as Figures 3 to 6 shown, the first transmission component 42 includes: a first synchronous pulley 421, a second synchronous pulley (not shown in the figure), a conveyor belt 422, and a plurality of transmission teeth 423; the first synchronous pulley 421 is rotatably sleeved on the cross bar 21 of the front fork 2, and the first synchronous pulley 421 is located between a pair of adjacent fork teeth 22 of the front fork 2; the second synchronous pulley is fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft 41; the conveyor belt 422 is sleeved on the first synchronous pulley 421 and the second synchronous pulley for driving the first synchronous pulley 421 and the second synchronous pulley to rotate synchronously, the conveyor belt 422 is connected to the corresponding second transmission component 44, and one of the mounting shafts 43 is located in the inner cavity of the conveyor belt 422 of the plurality of first transmission components 42; a plurality of transmission teeth 423 are fixedly arranged on the outer ring surface of the conveyor belt 422, and the plurality of transmission teeth 423 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the conveyor belt 422. During the synchronous rotation of the first synchronous pulley 421 and the second synchronous pulley, the plurality of transmission teeth 423 sequentially pass through between a pair of adjacent fork teeth 22 of the front fork 2.

[0026] Further, as Figures 3 to 7As shown, the second transmission assembly 44 includes: a pair of transmission wheels 441 and a transmission belt 442; the pair of transmission wheels 441 are respectively rotatably sleeved on a pair of assembly shafts 43; the transmission belt 442 is sleeved on the pair of transmission wheels 441, the head end of the transmission belt 442 is connected to the corresponding first transmission assembly 42, and the gaps between the head ends of the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission assemblies 44 and the conveyor belts 422 of several first transmission assemblies 42 correspond one by one. The transmission belt 442 is connected to the input end of the crushing device 3, and the tail end of the transmission belt 442 is inclined downward for conveying straw stubble.

[0027] Preferably, as Figure 3 , 5 , Figures 7 to 9 show that the crushing device 3 includes: a bearing housing 31, an input window 32, an output window 33, a perforated plate 34, a cutter shaft 35, a driving motor (not shown in the figure), several crushing blades 36 and several fixed blades 37; the bearing housing 31 is fixedly arranged between a pair of side plates 12 of the frame body 1, the bearing housing 31 is located above the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission assemblies 44, and an input window 32 and an output window 33 communicating with its inner cavity are arranged on the bearing housing 31; the lower edge of the input window 32 is connected to the top surface of the transmission belt 442, and a plurality of limiting holes 38 are opened on the lower edge of the input window 32, and the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission assemblies 44 respectively pass through the plurality of limiting holes 38; a perforated plate 34 is arranged in the output window 33 for restricting the size of the straw fragments discharged through the output window 33; several fixed blades 37 are fixedly arranged on the top wall of the inner cavity of the bearing housing 31, and the several fixed blades 37 are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the bearing housing 31; the cutter shaft 35 is arranged in the inner cavity of the bearing housing 31, the axis of the cutter shaft 35 is collinear with the axis of the bearing housing 31, and both ends of the cutter shaft 35 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bearing housing 31; the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the bearing housing 31, and the driving end of the driving motor is connected to the cutter shaft 35 for driving the cutter shaft 35 to rotate; several crushing blades 36 are fixedly sleeved on the cutter shaft 35, and the several crushing blades 36 are arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the cutter shaft 35. During the rotation of the cutter shaft 35, the cutter shaft 35 drives the several crushing blades 36 to rotate synchronously, so that the cutting edges of the several crushing blades 36 respectively pass through the gaps between the several fixed blades 37. During this process, when the straw stubble enters the inner cavity of the bearing housing 31 through the input window 32, the crushing blades 36 and the fixed blades 37 cooperate to crush the straw stubble and form straw fragments.

[0028] Furthermore, as Figure 3 , 5As shown in FIGS. 0 to 7, the conveying device 4 further includes: a movable bracket 45, a baffle 46 and a second motor (not shown in the figure); the movable bracket 45 is arranged on the first transmission shaft 41 and is used for peeling off the straw residues conveyed by the first transmission assembly 42; the baffle 46 is arranged between a pair of side plates 12, and both ends of the baffle 46 are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates 12 respectively. The position of the baffle 46 matches that of the input end of the crushing device 3 and is used for blocking the straw residues from entering the crushing device 3; the second motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates 12, the driving end of the second motor is connected to the baffle 46, and the second motor is electrically connected to the controller and is used for driving the baffle 46 to turn over.

[0029] Further, as Figure 3 , 5 shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the movable bracket 45 includes: a plurality of bushings 451, a first movable rod 452, a plurality of connecting rods 453 and a second movable rod 454; the plurality of bushings 451 are rotatably sleeved on the first transmission shaft 41, and any one of the bushings 451 is located between a pair of adjacent first transmission assemblies 42. Preferably, a rolling bearing (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the inner cavity of the bushing 451. The outer ring of the rolling bearing is connected to the inner wall of the bushing 451, and the first transmission shaft 41 passes through the inner ring of the rolling bearing. The inner ring of the rolling bearing is connected to the first transmission shaft 41 to reduce the resistance suffered by the bushing 451 during the rotation relative to the first transmission shaft 41; the first movable rod 452 is arranged between a pair of side plates 12, and the first movable rod 452 is located above the conveyor belt 442; the plurality of connecting rods 453 are respectively fixedly arranged on the plurality of bushings 451, and the plurality of connecting rods 453 are fixedly connected to the first movable rod 452; the second movable rod 454 is arranged between a pair of side plates 12, the second movable rod 454 is located in the inner cavity of the conveyor belt 442, and the second movable rod 454 is fixedly connected to the first movable rod 452.

[0030] In this embodiment, during the forward movement of the device, the frame body 1 vibrates, and the movable bracket 45 rotates periodically up and down with the central axis of its bushing 451 as the rotation axis driven by the frame body 1. During the periodic up and down rotation of the movable bracket 45, several connecting rods 453 of the movable bracket 45 shake the straw stubbles on the upper side of the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission components 44 onto the upper surfaces of the several transmission belts 442 by the transmission teeth 423 of several first transmission components 42, so as to facilitate the smooth separation of the straw stubbles from the transmission teeth 423, prevent the straw stubbles from falling directly below the transmission teeth 423 of several first transmission components 42, and with the further transmission of the conveyor belt 422, the straw stubbles that fall directly below the transmission teeth 423 are pressed by the transmission teeth 423 and pass through the gaps between several transmission belts 442 and fall onto the cultivated land surface; as the movable bracket 45 rotates periodically up and down, the first movable rod 452 and the second movable rod 454 of the movable bracket 45 repeatedly impact the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission components 44, thereby driving the upper sides of the transmission belts 442 to shake up and down, so as to promote the straw stubbles falling on the upper surfaces of several transmission belts 442 to slide towards the tail end of the frame body, and during this process, it is beneficial to shake the loose soil attached to the straw stubbles onto the upper surface of the cross plate 11 and make it slide along the guide of the cross plate 11 towards the tail end of the frame body 1 and finally slide to the cultivated land surface through the tail end of the frame body 1; secondly, since the first movable rod 452 is located above several transmission belts 442 and the second movable rod 454 is located inside several transmission belts 442, during the process of the movable bracket 45 driving the upper sides of several transmission belts 442 to shake periodically up and down, several transmission belts 442 have a limiting effect on the movable bracket 45, which can effectively limit the maximum turning angle of the movable bracket 45 to prevent the movable bracket 45 from hitting the cross plate 11 and making noise during the periodic turning process.

[0031] Further, as Figure 1 、 3As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 11, the tensioning assembly 47 includes: an assembly housing 471, an assembly hole (not shown in the figure), a guide rod 472, a connecting member 473, a bearing plate 474, a return spring 475, and a plurality of cushion blocks 476; the assembly housing 471 is fixedly arranged on the side plate 12, and the axis of the assembly housing 471 is perpendicular to the axis of any one of the assembly shafts 43; the assembly hole is formed in the side plate 12, and the assembly hole communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly housing 471. The assembly hole is an oblong hole, and the axis of the assembly hole is parallel to the axis of the assembly housing 471; the guide rod 472 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the assembly housing 471, and the axis of the guide rod 472 is collinear with the axis of the assembly housing 471; the connecting member 473 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 472, the outer wall of the connecting member 473 abuts against the inner wall of the assembly housing 471, and one end of the connecting member 473 passes through the assembly hole and is connected to the assembly shaft 43 for assembling the assembly shaft 43 on the side plate 12; the bearing plate 474 is slidably arranged on the guide rod 472; the return spring 475 is movably sleeved on the guide rod 472, and both ends of the return spring 475 are respectively connected to the bearing plate 474 and the connecting member 473 for elastically supporting the connecting member 473; a plurality of cushion blocks 476 are arranged in the inner cavity of the assembly housing 471, and the bearing plate 474 is located between any one of the cushion blocks 476 and the return spring 475, so that the user can adjust the elastic force of the spring by adjusting the number of the cushion blocks 476; during the process that the movable bracket 45 impacts the transmission belt 442, the assembly shaft 43 located at the tail end of the frame body 1 is driven by the transmission belt 442 to drive the connecting member 473 to slide back and forth along the axial direction of the guide rod 472, so that the transmission belt 442 can shake greatly under the drive of the movable bracket 45, enhancing the effect of shaking off the loose soil attached to the straw stubble.

[0032] In this embodiment, by providing a pair of tensioning assemblies 47 composed of an assembly housing 471, an assembly hole, a guide rod 472, a connecting member 473, a bearing plate 474, a return spring 475, and a plurality of cushion blocks 476, when the first movable rod 452 or the second movable rod 454 of the movable bracket 45 impacts a plurality of transmission belts 442, the plurality of transmission belts 442 drive the assembly shaft 43 located at the tail end of the frame body 1 to slide a certain distance along the guide of the guide rod 472 towards the head end of the frame body 1, storing the impact kinetic energy of the movable bracket 45 as elastic potential energy by using the return spring 475, and releasing the kinetic energy during the process of the movable bracket 45 flipping and resetting to elastically tension the plurality of transmission belts 442, reducing the loss of the impact kinetic energy of the movable bracket 45, increasing the impact frequency of the movable bracket 45 on the plurality of transmission belts 442, increasing the shaking amplitude of the transmission belts 442 under the movable bracket 45, improving the transmission efficiency of the plurality of transmission belts 442 for the straw stubble, and the efficiency of shaking off the loose soil attached to the straw stubble.

[0033] Further, as Figure 2 、3 As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the no-till direct seeding module 5 includes: a ditching device, a carrying beam 53, a storage bin 54, a plurality of seeding components and a fertilizing component; the ditching device is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate 11 and is used for ditching and ridging operations on the cultivated land; the carrying beam 53 is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate 11, and both ends of the carrying beam 53 are fixedly connected to a pair of side plates 12; the storage bin 54 is fixedly arranged on the frame body 1, and a first storage chamber 541 and a second storage chamber 542 are formed inside the storage bin 54; a plurality of seeding components are arranged on the carrying beam 53, and the plurality of seeding components are equally spaced along the axial direction of the carrying beam 53. The plurality of seeding components are connected to the storage bin 54, and the positions of the plurality of seeding components correspond one by one to a plurality of ridge platforms of the cultivated land; the fertilizing component is arranged on the frame body 1, and the fertilizing component is connected to the storage bin 54 and is used for fertilizing the cultivated land.

[0034] Preferably, as Figure 2 、 3 、12 shown, the ditching device includes: a second transmission shaft 51, a third motor (not shown in the figure) and a plurality of ditching cutters 52; the second transmission shaft 51 is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate 11, and both ends of the second transmission shaft 51 are rotatably connected to a pair of side plates 12 of the frame body 1; the third motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates 12, and the driving end of the third motor is connected to the second transmission shaft 51 for driving the second transmission shaft 51 to rotate; a plurality of ditching cutters 52 are fixedly sleeved on the second transmission shaft 51, and the plurality of ditching cutters 52 are equally spaced along the axial direction of the second transmission shaft 51 and are used for ridging operations on the cultivated land.

[0035] Preferably, as Figure 12 、 13 shown, the ditching cutter 52 includes: a cutter head 521 and a plurality of ditching blades 522; the cutter head 521 is fixedly sleeved on the second transmission shaft 51; a plurality of ditching blades 522 are fixedly arranged on the cutter head 521 and are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 521. During the rotation of the second transmission shaft 51 driving the cutter head 521 and the plurality of ditching blades 522, the ditching blades 522 turn up the surface soil of the cultivated land, forming a ridge and furrow structure on the surface of the cultivated land, and the soil turned up by the ditching blades 522 is separated on both sides of the ridge and furrow, resulting in the formation of a ridge platform structure between any two adjacent ridge and furrows.

[0036] Preferably, as Figure 2 、 3, as shown in Fig. 12, the fertilizing component includes: a plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56, a plurality of first feeding pipes 57, a first drive shaft (not shown in the figure) and a fourth motor (not shown in the figure); the plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 54, and the plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56 are all communicated with the first storage chamber 541, and are used for metering and discharging the fertilizers stored in the first storage chamber 541; the plurality of first feeding pipes 57 are fixedly arranged on the carrying beam 53, the input ends of the plurality of first feeding pipes 57 are respectively communicated with the output ends of the plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56, and the output ends of the plurality of first feeding pipes 57 are located in the middle section of the frame body 1 and respectively correspond to the positions of a plurality of ridge grooves of the cultivated land, and are used for conveying fertilizers into the ridge grooves; the first drive shaft is arranged on the frame body 1, both ends of the first drive shaft are rotatably connected with a pair of side plates 12, the first drive shaft is connected with the plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56, and is used for driving the plurality of first metering and feeding devices 56 to operate; the fourth motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates 12, the drive end of the fourth motor is connected with the first drive shaft, and the fourth motor is electrically connected with the controller and is used for driving the first drive shaft to rotate.

[0037] Preferably, as Figure 12 , 14As shown in the figure, the first metering feeding device 56 includes: a first feeding housing 561, a pair of first transfer holes (not shown in the figure), a first feeding wheel 562, a plurality of first feeding grooves 563, a first feeding cavity 564 and a second feeding cavity 565; the first feeding housing 561 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 54, and the interior of the first feeding housing 561 forms a first feeding cavity 564 and a second feeding cavity 565. The first feeding cavity 564 communicates with the inner cavity bottom of the first storage chamber 541 of the storage bin 54, and fertilizer is pre-stored in the first feeding cavity. The second feeding cavity 565 is located between the first feeding cavity 564 and the inner cavity bottom wall of the first feeding housing 561, and the inner cavity bottom of the second feeding cavity 565 communicates with the input end of the first conveying pipe 57; a pair of first transfer holes are respectively opened on the side walls of two sides of the first feeding housing 561, and both pairs of first transfer holes communicate with the inner cavity of the first feeding housing 561. The pair of first transfer holes are arranged oppositely, and the first drive shaft passes through the pair of first transfer holes, and the first drive shaft is rotationally connected with the first transfer holes; the first feeding wheel 562 is fixedly sleeved on the first drive shaft, and the end faces of both ends of the first feeding wheel 562 are in contact with the inner surface of the first feeding housing 561. A part of the structure of the first feeding wheel 562 is located in the first feeding cavity 564, and the rest of the structure of the first feeding wheel 562 is located in the second feeding cavity 565; a plurality of first feeding grooves 563 are opened on the outer peripheral surface of the first feeding wheel 562, and the plurality of first feeding grooves 563 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the first feeding wheel 562; when the first metering feeding device 56 operates, the first drive shaft drives the first feeding wheel 562 to rotate, causing the plurality of first feeding grooves 563 to pass through the bottom port of the first feeding cavity 564 in sequence. During this process, the fertilizer stored in the first feeding cavity 564 enters the first feeding grooves 563 and is then fed into the second feeding cavity 565 by it. The fertilizer that enters the second feeding cavity 565 finally is discharged into the ridge through the first conveying pipe 57 communicated with it. The user can control the fourth motor to adjust the rotation speed of the first feeding wheel 562, and further adjust the amount of fertilizer fed into the second feeding cavity 565 by the first feeding wheel 562 per unit time, so as to achieve the purpose of metering feeding.

[0038] Further, as Figure 3 , 12As shown in the figure, the seeding assembly includes: a number of groove pressing mechanisms 551, a soil compressing device, a number of mounting brackets 554, a number of pairs of soil covering plates 555, a number of second metering feeding devices 556, a number of second feeding pipes 557, a second drive shaft (not shown in the figure), and a fifth motor (not shown in the figure); a number of groove pressing mechanisms 551 are arranged on the carrying beam 53, and a number of groove pressing mechanisms 551 respectively correspond to the positions of a number of ridge platforms one by one, and are used for pressing seed grooves on the tops of the ridge platforms; the soil compressing device is arranged at the tail end of the frame body 1 and is used for compressing the cultivated soil; a number of mounting brackets 554 are fixedly arranged on the carrying beam 53, and a number of mounting brackets 554 correspond to the positions of a number of groove pressing mechanisms 551 one by one, and any one mounting bracket 554 is located between the corresponding groove pressing mechanism 551 and the soil pressing roller 552; a number of pairs of soil covering plates 555 are respectively fixedly arranged on a number of mounting brackets 554, and any pair of soil covering plates 555 are arranged on both sides of one of the ridge platforms and are used for covering soil into the seed grooves; a number of second metering feeding devices 556 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 54, and a number of second metering feeding devices 556 are all communicated with the second storage chamber 542 and are used for metering and discharging the seeds stored in the second storage chamber 542; a number of second feeding pipes 557 are fixedly arranged on the carrying beam 53, the input end of any one second feeding pipe 557 is communicated with the output end of one of the second metering feeding devices 556, the output end of any one second feeding pipe 557 is located in the middle section of the frame body 1 and corresponds to the position of one of the seed grooves, and the output end of any one second feeding pipe 557 is located between one of the pairs of soil covering plates 555 and the corresponding groove pressing mechanism 551 and is used for conveying seeds into the seed grooves; the second drive shaft is arranged on the frame body 1, both ends of the second drive shaft are respectively rotatably connected with a pair of side plates 12, the second drive shaft is connected with a number of second metering feeding devices 556 and is used for driving a number of second metering feeding devices 556 to operate; the fifth motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates 12, the drive end of the fifth motor is connected with the second drive shaft, and the fifth motor is electrically connected with the controller and is used for driving the second drive shaft to rotate.

[0039] Preferably, as Figure 3 、 12 shown, the soil compressing device includes: a soil pressing roller 552 and a pair of mounting rods 553; the soil pressing roller 552 is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate 11, and the soil pressing roller 552 is located at the tail end of the frame body 1; a pair of mounting rods 553 are respectively arranged at both ends of the soil pressing roller 552, the tail ends of a pair of mounting rods 553 are respectively rotatably connected with both ends of the soil pressing roller 552, and the head ends of a pair of mounting rods 553 are respectively rotatably connected with a pair of side plates 12.

[0040] Preferably, as Figure 12 、 15As shown, the second quantitative feeding device 556 includes: a second feeding housing 5561, a pair of second transfer holes (not shown in the figure), a second feeding wheel 5562, a plurality of second feeding grooves 5563, a third feeding chamber 5564 and a fourth feeding chamber 5565; the second feeding housing 5561 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin 54, and the third feeding chamber 5564 and the fourth feeding chamber 5565 are formed inside the second feeding housing 5561. The third feeding chamber 5564 communicates with the inner cavity bottom of the second storage chamber 542 of the storage bin 54, and seeds are pre-stored in the third feeding chamber 5564. The fourth feeding chamber 5565 is located between the second feeding chamber 565 and the inner cavity bottom wall of the second feeding housing 5561, and the inner cavity bottom of the fourth feeding chamber 5565 communicates with the input end of the second feeding pipe 557; a pair of second transfer holes are respectively opened on the side walls of two sides of the second feeding housing 5561, both of the pair of second transfer holes communicate with the inner cavity of the second feeding housing 5561, and the pair of second transfer holes are arranged oppositely. The second drive shaft passes through the pair of second transfer holes, and the second drive shaft is rotationally connected with the second transfer holes; the second feeding wheel 5562 is fixedly sleeved on the second drive shaft, the end faces at both ends of the second feeding wheel 5562 are abutted against the inner surface of the second feeding housing 5561, a part of the structure of the second feeding wheel 5562 is located in the third feeding chamber 5564, and the rest of the structure of the second feeding wheel 5562 is located in the fourth feeding chamber 5565; a plurality of second feeding grooves 5563 are opened on the outer peripheral surface of the second feeding wheel 5562, and the plurality of second feeding grooves 5563 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the second feeding wheel 5562; when the second quantitative feeding device 556 operates, the second drive shaft drives the second feeding wheel 5562 to rotate, so that the plurality of second feeding grooves 5563 sequentially pass through the bottom port of the third feeding chamber 5564. During this process, the seeds stored in the third feeding chamber 5564 enter the second feeding grooves 5563 and are then dialed into the fourth feeding chamber 5565. The seeds entering the fourth feeding chamber 5565 are finally discharged into the seed furrow through the second feeding pipe 557 communicated with it. The user can control the fifth motor to adjust the rotation speed of the second feeding wheel 5562, and further adjust the amount of seeds dialed into the fourth feeding chamber 5565 by the second feeding wheel 5562 per unit time, so as to achieve the purpose of quantitative feeding.

[0041] Furthermore, as Figure 12 、 16As shown in the figure, the grooving mechanism 551 includes: a guiding hole (not shown in the figure), a bearing bracket 5511, a guiding column 5512, a grooving wheel 5513 and a supporting spring 5514; the guiding hole is formed on the bearing beam 53; the bearing bracket 5511 is arranged on the lower side of the cross plate 11, the bearing beam 53 passes through the inner cavity of the limiting part 55111 of the bearing bracket 5511, and the limiting part 55111 is of a C-shaped frame structure; the guiding column 5512 is fixedly arranged on the bearing bracket 5511, the guiding column 5512 is located in the inner cavity of the limiting part 55111, and the guiding column 5512 is movably inserted into the guiding hole; the grooving wheel 5513 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bearing bracket 5511, and the bearing beam 53 is located between the grooving wheel 5513 and the cross plate 11; the supporting spring 5514 is movably sleeved on the guiding column 5512, and both ends of the supporting spring 5514 are respectively connected to the bearing beam 53 and the bearing bracket 5511. The supporting spring 5514 is located between the bearing beam 53 and the grooving wheel 5513 and is used for elastically supporting the bearing bracket 5511. By adopting the supporting spring 5514 to elastically support the bearing bracket 5511, the grooving wheel 5513 can float up and down according to the terrain to ensure the consistency of the depth of the seed grooves pressed by it.

[0042] When the equipment is running, the tractor drives the frame body 1 to move forward. During the movement of the frame body 1, the fork teeth 22 arranged at the head end of the frame body 1 shovel up the wheat straw stubbles of the previous crop and convey them towards the conveyor belt 422 of several first transmission components 42; at the same time, the first motor drives the first transmission shaft 41 to rotate, and the first transmission shaft 41 drives several first transmission components 42 to operate. During the operation of the first transmission components 42, several transmission teeth 423 arranged on the conveyor belt 422 sequentially pass through the gaps between the fork teeth 22 of the front fork 2, pick up the straw stubbles shoveled up by the front fork 2 upwards, and convey them to the top of the conveyor belt 442 of several second transmission components 44. The straw stubbles falling on the top of the conveyor belt 442 slide towards the tail end of the conveyor belt 442 under the action of gravity until the straw stubbles are blocked by the baffle 46.

[0043] During the forward movement of the rack body 1, the movable bracket 45 provided on the first transmission shaft 41 swings up and down around the first transmission shaft 41 under the vibration generated by the rack body 1. During this process, the connecting rod 453 of the movable bracket 45 drives the straw stubble stripping transmission gear 423, causing it to slide onto the top of the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission assemblies 44. Secondly, during the reciprocating up and down swing of the movable bracket 45, the first movable rod 452 and the second movable rod 454 of the movable bracket 45 continuously strike the transmission belts 442 of several second transmission assemblies 44, causing them to vibrate, so as to promote the straw stubble that has slid onto the top of the transmission belt 442 to slide towards the tail end direction of the transmission belt 442, and is conducive to shaking off the loose soil adhering to the straw stubble. The shaken-off soil passes through the gaps between the transmission belts 442 and falls on the cross plate 11, and slides towards the tail end of the cross plate 11 along the guidance of the cross plate 11, and finally slides to the ground through the tail end of the cross plate 11.

[0044] During the operation of the equipment, under the drive of the second motor, the bottom of the baffle 46 is periodically turned upwards by 90°, so that the straw stubble blocked by the baffle 46 enters the inner cavity of the bearing housing 31 through the input window 32 of the crushing device 3 along the guidance of the transmission belt 442, and then is crushed into straw fragments by the crushing device 3. The straw fragments are output to the cross plate 11 through the sieve holes of the porous plate 34 of the output window 33, and finally slide to the ground along the guidance of the cross plate 11.

[0045] During the movement of the rack body 1, the third motor drives the second transmission shaft 51 to drive the ditching tool 52 to rotate, and carry out ridging operations on the cultivated land, so as to form a ridge and furrow structure on the surface of the cultivated land; during the movement of the rack body 1, the grooving wheel 5513 presses out seed grooves on the top of the ridge. The first quantitative feeding device 56 quantitatively feeds fertilizers into the furrows through the first feeding pipe 57, and the second quantitative feeding device 556 quantitatively feeds seeds into the seed grooves through the second feeding pipe 557. After that, a pair of soil covering plates 555 located behind the output end of the second feeding pipe 557 respectively fill the soil on both sides of the seed groove into the seed groove to cover the seeds fed into the seed groove; finally, the soil pressing roller 552 located at the tail end of the rack body 1 rolls as the rack body 1 moves forward to compact the soil on the ridge, so that the seeds are in full contact with the cultivated land soil.

[0046] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "comprising..." do not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements.

[0047] Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that the above description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. After those skilled in the art have read the above content, various modifications and alternatives to the present invention will be obvious. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping sorghum and millet, characterized in that: Include: A front fork is fixedly arranged at the head end of the frame body and is used for shoveling up straw stubble; A crushing device is arranged on the frame body, the crushing device is located on the upper side of the horizontal plate of the frame body, and the rear end of the horizontal plate is inclined downward; A conveying device, arranged on the frame body, connected with the front fork and the crushing device, and used for conveying the straw stubble scooped up by the front fork to the crushing device; The no-tillage direct seeding module is arranged on the frame body. The sowing position of the no-tillage direct seeding module is located in the middle section of the frame body and is used for sowing and fertilizing.

2. A no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises: A first transmission shaft is arranged between a pair of side plates of the frame body, and two ends of the first transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates respectively; A first motor is fixedly mounted on one of the side plates, wherein a driving end of the first motor is connected to the first transmission shaft and is used to drive the first transmission shaft to rotate; A plurality of first transmission assemblies, arranged on the first transmission shaft, the plurality of first transmission assemblies are all connected to the front fork and are used for conveying the straw residues; A pair of assembly shafts, arranged between the pair of side plates, any one of the assembly shafts is parallel to the first transmission shaft, and two ends of one of the assembly shafts are respectively fixedly connected to the pair of side plates; A pair of tensioning assemblies, respectively arranged on a pair of the side plates, the pair of tensioning assemblies are respectively connected to two ends of another assembly shaft, and are used to assemble another assembly shaft on the pair of the side plates; A plurality of second transmission assemblies are arranged on the pair of assembly shafts, the plurality of second transmission assemblies respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of first transmission assemblies one by one, and the plurality of second transmission assemblies are all connected to the input end of the crushing device for conveying the straw residues.

3. A no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly comprises: A first synchronous pulley is rotatably sleeved on the crossbar of the front fork, and the first synchronous pulley is located between a pair of adjacent fork teeth of the front fork; A second synchronous pulley, fixedly sleeved on the first transmission shaft; A conveyor belt, which is sleeved on the first synchronous belt pulley and the second synchronous belt pulley, and is used to drive the first synchronous belt pulley and the second synchronous belt pulley to rotate synchronously, and the conveyor belt is connected with the corresponding second transmission assembly; A plurality of transmission teeth are fixedly arranged on the outer ring surface of the conveyor belt, and the plurality of transmission teeth are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the conveyor belt. During the synchronous rotation of the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley, the plurality of transmission teeth pass through one pair of adjacent fork teeth of the front fork in sequence.

4. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The second transmission assembly comprises: A pair of transmission wheels, rotatably sleeved on the pair of assembly shafts respectively; A transmission belt is sleeved on the pair of transmission wheels, the head end of the transmission belt is connected with the corresponding first transmission assembly, the transmission belt is connected with the input end of the crushing device, and the tail end of the transmission belt is tilted downward for conveying the straw residues.

5. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying device further comprises: A movable bracket, arranged on the first transmission shaft, for peeling off the straw residues transported by the first transmission assembly; A baffle plate is arranged between the pair of side plates, the two ends of the baffle plate are rotatably connected to the pair of side plates respectively, the baffle plate matches the position of the input end of the pulverizing device, and is used to prevent the straw stubble from entering the pulverizing device; A second motor is fixedly disposed on one of the side plates, and a driving end of the second motor is connected to the baffle plate to drive the baffle plate to flip.

6. A no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The movable bracket comprises: A plurality of sleeves, which are rotatably mounted on the first transmission shaft, and any one of the sleeves is located between a pair of adjacent first transmission components; A first movable rod is arranged between the pair of side plates, and the first movable rod is located on the upper side of the transmission belt; A plurality of connecting rods are respectively fixedly arranged on the plurality of shaft sleeves, and the plurality of connecting rods are fixedly connected to the first movable rod; The second movable rod is arranged between the pair of side plates, the second movable rod is located in the inner cavity of the transmission belt, and the second movable rod is fixedly connected to the first movable rod.

7. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The tensioning assembly comprises: An assembly shell is fixedly arranged on the side plate, and the axis of the assembly shell is perpendicular to the axis of any one of the assembly shafts; An assembly hole is provided on the side plate, the assembly hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the assembly shell, the assembly hole is an oblong hole, and the axis of the assembly hole is parallel to the axis of the assembly shell; A guide rod, fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the assembly shell, wherein the axis of the guide rod is colinear with the axis of the assembly shell; A connecting member is slidably disposed on the guide rod, an outer wall of the connecting member abuts against an inner wall of the assembly shell, and one end of the connecting member passes through the assembly hole and is connected to the assembly shaft, so as to assemble the assembly shaft on the side plate; A bearing plate, slidably disposed on the guide rod; A return spring, movably sleeved on the guide rod, with two ends of the return spring respectively connected to the bearing plate and the connecting member, for elastically supporting the connecting member; A plurality of cushion blocks are arranged in the inner cavity of the assembly shell, and the bearing plate is located between any one of the cushion blocks and the return spring.

8. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The no-tillage direct-seeding module comprises: A furrowing device, arranged on the lower side of the horizontal plate, for furrowing and ridging the cultivated land; A load-bearing beam is arranged on the lower side of the transverse plate, and two ends of the load-bearing beam are respectively fixedly connected to a pair of side plates; A material storage bin is fixedly arranged on the frame body, and a first material storage chamber and a second material storage chamber are formed inside the material storage bin; A plurality of sowing assemblies are arranged on the bearing beam, the plurality of sowing assemblies are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the bearing beam, the plurality of sowing assemblies are connected to the storage bin, and the plurality of sowing assemblies correspond to the positions of the plurality of ridges of the cultivated land one by one; A fertilization component is arranged on the frame body, and the fertilization component is connected to the storage bin and is used for fertilizing the cultivated land.

9. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The sowing component comprises: A plurality of groove pressing mechanisms are arranged on the bearing beam, the plurality of groove pressing mechanisms respectively corresponding to the positions of the plurality of ridges, and used for pressing out seed grooves on the tops of the ridges; A suppression device, arranged at the rear end of the frame body, for suppressing the cultivated soil; A plurality of assembly brackets are fixedly arranged on the load-bearing beam, and any one of the assembly brackets is located between one of the groove pressing mechanisms and the soil pressing roller; A plurality of pairs of soil covering plates are respectively fixedly arranged on the plurality of assembly brackets, and any pair of the soil covering plates are arranged on both sides of one of the seed trenches to cover the soil in the seed trench; A plurality of second quantitative feeding devices, fixedly arranged at the bottom of the storage bin and connected to the second storage chamber, for quantitatively feeding out the seeds stored in the second storage chamber; A plurality of second material delivery pipes are fixedly arranged on the bearing beam, the input ends of the plurality of second material delivery pipes are respectively connected to the plurality of second quantitative material delivery devices, the output end of any second material delivery pipe corresponds to the position of one of the seed trenches, and the output end of the second material delivery pipe is located between one pair of the soil covering plates and the corresponding groove pressing mechanism, and is used to deliver the seeds into the seed trench; A second drive shaft is arranged on the frame body, two ends of the second drive shaft are respectively rotatably connected to a pair of side plates, and the second drive shaft is connected to the plurality of second quantitative material dispensing devices; The fifth motor is fixedly arranged on one of the side plates, and the driving end of the fifth motor is connected to the second driving shaft for driving the second driving shaft to rotate.

10. The no-tillage sowing and fertilizing machine for wheat stubble multi-cropping with sorghum and millet as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The groove pressing mechanism comprises: A guide hole is provided on the load-bearing beam; A load-bearing bracket is arranged on the lower side of the horizontal plate, and the load-bearing beam passes through the inner cavity of the limiting part of the load-bearing bracket; A guide column, fixedly arranged on the bearing bracket, the guide column is located in the inner cavity of the limiting portion, and the guide column is movably inserted in the guide hole; A groove pressing wheel is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bearing bracket, and the bearing beam is located between the groove pressing wheel and the cross plate; A support spring is movably mounted on the guide column, two ends of the support spring are respectively connected to the load-bearing beam and the load-bearing bracket, and the support spring is located between the load-bearing beam and the groove pressing wheel, and is used for elastically supporting the load-bearing bracket.

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