Fabricated building based on BIM technology and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated building based on a BIM technology and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of fabricated buildings. The structure comprises a floor and a prefabricated wall body, multiple sets of embedded steel bars are arranged at the top of the floor, the outer sides of the embedded steel bars are sleeved with positioning assemblies, multiple sets of assembling holes are formed in the bottom of the prefabricated wall body, the inner diameter of each assembling hole is larger than the outer diameter of each embedded steel bar, and each positioning assembly comprises a positioning outer cylinder and an adjusting inner cylinder; and the adjusting inner cylinder is sleeved on the embedded steel bar. A limiting piece is controlled to slide downwards along a guide hole, at the moment, a telescopic rod can slide in the direction of a positioning outer cylinder, and along with continuous descending of a prefabricated wall, the lower half portion of the hinged position of a positioning supporting rod continuously swings inwards, the upper half portion of the hinged position of the positioning supporting rod swings outwards, and the telescopic rod slides into a sliding cavity; therefore, the gap can be adjusted while the position stability of the prefabricated wall is guaranteed, a cushion block does not need to be independently arranged, construction is easy, and the construction precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and particularly relates to a prefabricated building and a construction method based on BIM technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of prefabricated buildings, the application of BIM technology in their design, production, construction, and operation and maintenance is becoming increasingly important. Through BIM technology, prefabricated buildings can achieve more efficient and accurate design and construction, reduce potential risks during construction, improve the overall quality and management level of buildings. The components of prefabricated buildings are usually produced in factories and transported to the construction site for assembly. The construction period is short, quality control is relatively easy, and it can effectively reduce environmental pollution and construction safety risks.

[0003] In a Chinese patent (publication number: CN114412206B), a prefabricated building based on BIM technology is disclosed, which includes a base; and a first structural support member and a second structural support member. The first structural support member and the second structural support member are symmetrically arranged on the base, and the distance between the output ends of the two is greater than the distance between their fixed ends; a perpendicularity measuring device for measuring the angle between the structural main body and the precast member, and the perpendicularity measuring device is arranged on the base. Before hoisting the wall of this prefabricated building and the existing prefabricated buildings, it is necessary to first measure with a level, then place horizontal control elevation pads on the floor to ensure that the entire floor reaches the elevation, and leave a certain gap between the precast wall and the floor. Due to the influence of temperature changes on building materials, the wall will undergo thermal expansion and cold contraction, and enough space should be reserved for the gap to cope with the wall movement caused by temperature difference changes and prevent wall cracks caused by thermal expansion and contraction. However, this method not only has low accuracy and low construction efficiency, but also requires special pads for each wall panel during actual construction, with high production difficulty. At the same time, inclined supports are required to position and adjust the perpendicularity of the wall during hoisting, and the construction steps are cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is: to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a prefabricated building and a construction method based on BIM technology.

[0005] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above purpose: A prefabricated building based on BIM technology, including a floor and precast walls. A plurality of groups of embedded steel bars are arranged on the top of the floor, and a positioning component is sleeved outside the embedded steel bars. A plurality of groups of assembly holes are opened at the bottom of the precast walls, and the inner diameter of the assembly holes is larger than the outer diameter of the embedded steel bars; The positioning component includes a positioning outer cylinder and an adjusting inner cylinder. The adjusting inner cylinder is sleeved on the embedded steel bar, and the positioning outer cylinder is rotatably installed on the outside of the adjusting inner cylinder. A plurality of hinge frames are annularly arranged on the outside of the positioning outer cylinder. A positioning support rod is hinged inside the hinge frame. A tension spring is arranged between the positioning support rod and the positioning outer cylinder. A sliding cavity is formed through the upper half of the positioning support rod, and a telescopic rod is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity. A plurality of guiding holes are annularly formed on the outside of the positioning outer cylinder, and a limiting member is slidably connected inside the guiding hole. The limiting member can slide up and down along the guiding hole, and the limiting member abuts against the telescopic rod.

[0006] Further, an adjusting groove is annularly formed on the outside of the adjusting inner cylinder. The adjusting groove is correspondingly arranged with the guiding hole, and the depth of the adjusting groove adopts a gradient design. The limiting member can be inserted into the adjusting groove.

[0007] Further, an adjusting external thread is formed at the bottom of the positioning outer cylinder, and an adjusting wheel disc is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting external thread. A plurality of transmission chutes are annularly formed on the outside of the adjusting inner cylinder, and a plurality of transmission sliders are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting wheel disc. The transmission sliders are slidably connected in the transmission chutes.

[0008] Further, two pulling ropes are wound around the outside of the adjusting wheel disc, and the winding directions of the two pulling ropes are opposite.

[0009] Further, the positioning support rod is a bent rod, and the bending angle is 120° - 150°.

[0010] Further, the limiting member is composed of a sliding rod portion and an arc-shaped pressing portion. The sliding rod portion can be inserted into the adjusting groove, the arc-shaped pressing portion abuts against the telescopic rod, and the center of the arc of the arc-shaped pressing portion coincides with the rotation center of the positioning support rod.

[0011] Further, a correcting wide head is arranged at the top end of the telescopic rod.

[0012] Further, a grouting hole and an overflow hole are formed through the outside of the assembly hole, and the grouting hole is located below the overflow hole.

[0013] A prefabricated building construction method based on BIM technology includes the following steps: S1. Preliminary preparation: Sleeve two positioning components on the embedded steel bars at the outermost edges of both ends respectively; S2. Hoisting: Lift the precast wall from the wall storage area or the transport vehicle. During the hoisting process, confirm the safety of the lifting points and the hook. When the precast wall is hoisted to a height of 1 m above the floor, manually support it and lower it slowly. During the lowering process, place a mirror near the embedded steel bars. After aligning the embedded steel bars with the assembly holes, lower it slowly into place. The precast wall presses on the positioning component. The positioning component first precisely positions the precast wall and positions its verticality. As the precast wall continues to descend, the positioning component adjusts the gap between the precast wall and the floor to make the gap reach 10 mm to 20 mm. S3. Caulking: Press the pre-prepared caulking material into the gap to ensure that the material tightly and evenly fills the entire gap, avoiding voids. The inserted material should be compacted to ensure good contact with the wall and the floor without leaving voids. S4. Grouting: Connect the grouting pipeline to the grouting hole, start the grouting equipment, and slowly and evenly inject the grouting material into the gap. During grouting, pay attention to observation to ensure that there is no grout leakage. After the grout flows out of the overflow hole, block the overflow hole, then remove the grouting pipeline, and block the grouting hole. After the grout solidifies, the assembly is completed.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the setting of the positioning component in the present invention, the inner diameter of the assembly hole is much larger than the outer diameter of the embedded steel bar. Therefore, during assembly, the embedded steel bar can be easily inserted into the assembly hole, which can improve the assembly efficiency.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, the lower half of the positioning support rod hinge is pressed by the precast wall, the lower half swings inward, the upper half of the positioning support rod hinge swings outward, and the positioning support rod drives the telescopic rod to press against the inner wall of the assembly hole. Through the annularly arranged positioning support rod and the telescopic rod, the assembly hole can be corrected to make the axis of the assembly hole coincide with the axis of the embedded steel bar. Furthermore, the positioning and verticality adjustment of the precast wall can be quickly realized. Only a simple fixed stay is required, without the need for the stay to have a complex structure, and without the need for the stay to apply an adjustment force to the wall. The assembly steps are simple and the assembly efficiency is high.

[0016] 3. By controlling the limiting member to slide downward along the guiding hole, at this time, the telescopic rod can slide towards the positioning outer cylinder. As the precast wall continues to descend, the lower half of the positioning support rod hinge continues to swing inward, the upper half of the positioning support rod hinge swings outward, and the telescopic rod slides into the sliding cavity. Therefore, while ensuring the stable position of the precast wall, the gap can be adjusted without separately setting pads, the construction is simple, and the construction accuracy is high. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the building assembly schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2It is the exploded view of the building assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the schematic structural diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the exploded view of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 5 It is the schematic sectional structure diagram of the positioning outer cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 It is the schematic structural diagram of the adjusting inner cylinder of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1, floor; 11, embedded steel bars; 2, precast wall; 21, assembly holes; 22, grouting holes; 23, overflow holes; 3, positioning outer cylinder; 31, hinge frame; 32, tension spring; 33, guide holes; 34, adjusting external thread; 4, adjusting inner cylinder; 41, adjusting grooves; 42, transmission chutes; 5, adjusting wheel disc; 51, pulling ropes; 52, transmission sliders; 6, positioning support rods; 61, sliding cavities; 62, telescopic rods; 7, limiting members. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] In the first embodiment, as Figures 1-6 shown, a prefabricated building based on BIM technology includes a floor 1 and a precast wall 2. Multiple groups of embedded steel bars 11 are provided on the top of the floor 1. A positioning component is sleeved outside the embedded steel bars 11. Multiple groups of assembly holes 21 are opened at the bottom of the precast wall 2, and the inner diameter of the assembly holes 21 is larger than the outer diameter of the embedded steel bars 11; The positioning component includes a positioning outer cylinder 3 and an adjusting inner cylinder 4. The adjusting inner cylinder 4 is sleeved on the embedded steel bars 11. The positioning outer cylinder 3 is rotatably installed outside the adjusting inner cylinder 4. Multiple groups of hinge frames 31 are annularly arranged on the outside of the positioning outer cylinder 3. A positioning support rod 6 is hinged inside the hinge frame 31. A tension spring 32 is provided between the positioning support rod 6 and the positioning outer cylinder 3. A sliding cavity 61 is penetrated through the upper half of the positioning support rod 6. A telescopic rod 62 is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity 61. Multiple groups of guide holes 33 are annularly opened on the outside of the positioning outer cylinder 3. A limiting member 7 is slidably connected inside the guide holes 33. The limiting member 7 can slide up and down along the guide holes 33, and the limiting member 7 abuts against the telescopic rod 62.

[0021] Furthermore, a grouting hole 22 and an overflow hole 23 are penetrated through the outside of the assembly hole 21, and the grouting hole 22 is located below the overflow hole 23.

[0022] The two sets of positioning components are respectively sleeved on the embedded steel bars 11 at the edges of both ends. It should be noted that when the length of the prefabricated wall 2 is relatively large, a positioning component can also be added in the middle, and then the prefabricated wall 2 is hoisted from the wall storage area or the transport vehicle. When the prefabricated wall 2 is hoisted to a height of 1m from the floor, it is slowly lowered by manual hand support. During the falling process, a mirror is placed near the embedded steel bars 11 to observe whether the assembly hole 21 and the embedded steel bars 11 are aligned. Since the inner diameter of the assembly hole 21 of the present invention is much larger than the outer diameter of the embedded steel bars 11, it only needs to be roughly aligned during assembly. Moreover, since the initial state of the positioning support rod 6 is that the upper half of the hinge is closed and the lower half is expanded in a cone shape, when the prefabricated wall 2 is pressed on the positioning support rod 6, the prefabricated wall 2 pushes the positioning support rod 6 at the hinge The lower part swings inwards and the upper part swings outwards, and the upper part drives the telescopic rod 62 to press against the inner wall of the assembly hole 21. Since the limit piece 7 limits the bottom end of the telescopic rod 62, the telescopic rod 62 applies pressure to the inner wall of the assembly hole 21. Since the positioning support rod 6 is distributed in a ring shape, the position of the assembly hole 21 can be corrected as the upper part is unfolded, so that the axis of the assembly hole 21 coincides with the axis of the embedded steel bar 11. When the assembly holes 21 at both ends coincide with the axes of the embedded steel bars 11 at both ends, the prefabricated wall 2 is accurately positioned, and the verticality can be guaranteed after the axes coincide. At this time, the wall cannot continue to descend, and the distance between the prefabricated wall 2 and the floor 1 is measured. If the distance meets the requirements, a simple diagonal brace can be directly applied to the outside of the prefabricated wall 2, and the caulking and grouting can be directly performed later.

[0023] If the spacing does not meet the requirements, the control limit piece 7 is slid downward along the guide hole 33. At this time, the telescopic rod 62 can slide into the sliding cavity 61. At this time, the prefabricated wall 2 continues to descend under the action of gravity. The prefabricated wall 2 pushes the lower half of the positioning support rod 6 at the hinge to swing inward, and the upper half to swing outward. The telescopic rod 62 is pressed against the inner wall of the assembly hole 21 again to ensure stable positioning. However, at this time, the spacing between the prefabricated wall 2 and the floor 1 is reduced to meet the requirements. There is no need to process the pads separately, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0024] Embodiment 2, based on the above embodiment, further includes: an outer side of the adjusting inner cylinder 4 is provided with an adjusting groove 41 in an annular shape, the adjusting groove 41 is arranged corresponding to the guide hole 33, the depth of the adjusting groove 41 adopts a gradual design, and the limit member 7 can be inserted into the adjusting groove 41.

[0025] By rotating the adjusting inner cylinder 4, due to the large friction between the positioning support rod 6 and the bottom of the prefabricated wall 2, the adjusting inner cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the positioning outer cylinder 3, and the adjusting inner cylinder 4 will drive the adjusting groove 41 to rotate relative to the limit member 7, so that the limit member 7 can be controlled to slide up and down along the guide hole 33, and the control is stable and simple.

[0026] Embodiment 3, on the basis of the above embodiment, further includes that an adjusting external thread 34 is provided at the bottom of the positioning outer cylinder 3, an adjusting wheel disc 5 is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting external thread 34, a plurality of groups of transmission sliding grooves 42 are annularly formed on the outside of the adjusting inner cylinder 4, and a plurality of groups of transmission sliding blocks 52 are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting wheel disc 5. The transmission sliding blocks 52 are slidably connected in the transmission sliding grooves 42.

[0027] Further, two groups of pull ropes 51 are wound around the outside of the adjusting wheel disc 5. The winding directions of the two groups of pull ropes 51 are opposite. Through the arrangement of the pull ropes 51, the gap is not affected and can be inserted into the gap.

[0028] By pulling the pull rope 51, the pull rope 51 drives the adjusting wheel disc 5 to rotate. The adjusting wheel disc 5 drives the adjusting inner cylinder 4 to rotate through the transmission sliding block 52 and the transmission sliding groove 42. Since the frictional force between the positioning support rod 6 and the bottom of the precast wall 2 is relatively large, the adjusting inner cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the positioning outer cylinder 3. The adjusting inner cylinder 4 drives the adjusting groove 41 to rotate relative to the limiting member 7, and the limiting member 7 can be controlled to slide up and down obliquely along the guiding hole 33. The control is simple. At the same time, the adjusting wheel disc 5 moves up and down relative to the positioning outer cylinder 3 under the action of the adjusting external thread 34, and the transmission sliding block 52 slides in the transmission sliding groove 42. While the transmission is stable, the thread self-locking is utilized to ensure that the adjusting inner cylinder 4 cannot rotate when the adjusting wheel disc 5 is not driven.

[0029] Embodiment 4, on the basis of the above embodiment, further includes that the positioning support rod 6 is a bent rod, and the bending angle is 120° - 150°, so that when the positioning support rod 6 is corrected, the precast wall 2 can descend an appropriate distance, and the support and correction effect is good.

[0030] Embodiment 5, on the basis of the above embodiment, further includes that the limiting member 7 is composed of a sliding rod portion and an arc-shaped pressing portion. The sliding rod portion can be inserted into the adjusting groove 41, the arc-shaped pressing portion abuts against the telescopic rod 62, and the center of the arc of the arc-shaped pressing portion coincides with the rotation center of the positioning support rod 6.

[0031] Through the arrangement of the arc-shaped pressing portion, when the positioning support rod 6 is corrected and positioned, the position of the telescopic rod 62 remains unchanged. When adjusting the gap subsequently, a larger abutting area can be provided for the telescopic rod 62.

[0032] Embodiment 6, on the basis of the above embodiment, further includes that a correction wide head is provided at the top end of the telescopic rod 62 to improve the correction effect of the contact surface better.

[0033] In summary, the positioning component adopted by the present invention has a simple structure, can be applied to the assembly of any wall, has a wide application range, low manufacturing cost, and by arranging the positioning support rod 6 in a rib shape in the assembly hole 21, the connection strength between the precast wall 2 and the floor 1 can be increased.

[0034] Embodiment Seven, a prefabricated building construction method based on BIM technology, includes the following steps: S1. Preliminary preparation: Sleeved two groups of positioning components on the outermost embedded steel bars 11 at both ends respectively; S2. Hoisting: Lift the precast wall 2 from the wall storage area or the transport vehicle. During the hoisting process, it is necessary to confirm the safety of the lifting points and the hook. When the precast wall 2 is hoisted to a height of 1 m from the floor, it is slowly lowered by manual support. During the lowering process, a mirror is placed near the embedded steel bar 11 to observe whether the assembly hole 21 and the embedded steel bar 11 are aligned. After alignment, it is slowly lowered into place. The precast wall 2 presses on the positioning components. The positioning components first accurately position the precast wall 2 and position its verticality. As the precast wall continues to descend, the positioning components adjust the gap between the precast wall 2 and the floor 1 to make the gap reach 10 mm to 20 mm; S3. Caulking: Press the pre-prepared caulking material into the gap to ensure that the material tightly and evenly fills the entire gap, avoiding voids. The inserted material should be compacted to ensure good contact with the wall and the floor without leaving voids; S4. Grouting: Connect the grouting pipeline to the grouting hole 22, start the grouting equipment, and slowly and evenly inject the grouting material into the gap. During grouting, pay attention to observation to ensure that there is no grout leakage. After the slurry flows out of the overflow hole 23, block the overflow hole 23, then remove the grouting pipeline and block the grouting hole 22. After the slurry solidifies, the assembly is completed.

[0035] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A prefabricated building based on BIM technology, comprising a floor (1) and a prefabricated wall (2), characterized in that: The top of the floor (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of embedded steel bars (11), the outer sides of the embedded steel bars (11) are sleeved with positioning components, and the bottom of the prefabricated wall (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of assembly holes (21), the inner diameter of the assembly hole (21) being larger than the outer diameter of the embedded steel bars (11); The positioning assembly comprises a positioning outer cylinder (3) and an adjusting inner cylinder (4), the adjusting inner cylinder (4) being sleeved on the embedded steel bar (11), the positioning outer cylinder (3) being rotatably mounted on the outer side of the adjusting inner cylinder (4), a plurality of sets of hinged frames (31) being arranged in an annular shape on the outer side of the positioning outer cylinder (3), a positioning support rod (6) being hingedly arranged inside the hinged frame (31), a tension spring (32) being arranged between the positioning support rod (6) and the positioning outer cylinder (3), a sliding cavity (61) being arranged through the upper half of the positioning support rod (6), a telescopic rod (62) being slidably connected inside the sliding cavity (61), a plurality of sets of guide holes (33) being arranged in an annular shape on the outer side of the positioning outer cylinder (3), a limiting member (7) being slidably connected inside the guide hole (33), the limiting member (7) being able to slide up and down along the guide hole (33), the limiting member (7) and the telescopic rod (62) being pressed against each other.

2. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An adjusting groove (41) is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the adjusting inner cylinder (4). The adjusting groove (41) is arranged corresponding to the guide hole (33). The depth of the adjusting groove (41) is designed to be gradually changed. The limiting member (7) can be inserted into the adjusting groove (41).

3. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning outer cylinder (3) is provided with an adjusting outer thread (34), the outer thread of the adjusting outer thread (34) is connected to an adjusting wheel (5), the outer side of the adjusting inner cylinder (4) is provided with a plurality of transmission slide grooves (42) in an annular shape, the inner wall of the adjusting wheel (5) is provided with a plurality of transmission slide blocks (52) in an annular shape, and the transmission slide blocks (52) are slidably connected in the transmission slide grooves (42).

4. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Two groups of drawstrings (51) are wound around the outer side of the adjusting wheel (5), and the two groups of drawstrings (51) are wound in opposite directions.

5. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The positioning support rod (6) is a bent rod with a bending angle of 120°-150°.

6. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The position limiting member (7) is composed of a sliding rod portion and an arc-shaped pressing portion, the sliding rod portion can be inserted into the adjustment groove (41), the arc-shaped pressing portion contacts the telescopic rod (62), and the arc center of the arc-shaped pressing portion coincides with the rotation center of the positioning support rod (6).

7. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A width correction head is provided at the top end of the telescopic rod (62).

8. The prefabricated building based on BIM technology according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A grouting hole (22) and a grouting hole (23) are provided through the outer side of the assembly hole (21), and the grouting hole (22) is located below the grouting hole (23).

9. A method for constructing an assembled building based on BIM technology, using an assembled building based on BIM technology as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pre-preparation: two sets of positioning components are respectively sleeved onto the embedded steel bars (11) at the edges of both ends; S2, hoisting: the prefabricated wall (2) is hoisted from the wall storage area or the transport vehicle. During the hoisting process, the safety of the hoisting point and the hook must be confirmed. When the prefabricated wall (2) is hoisted to a height of 1m from the floor, it is slowly lowered by hand. During the lowering process, a mirror is placed near the embedded steel bar (11) to observe whether the assembly hole (21) and the embedded steel bar (11) are aligned. After alignment, it is slowly lowered into place. The prefabricated wall (2) is pressed on the positioning component. The positioning component first accurately positions the prefabricated wall (2) and the verticality positioning. As the prefabricated wall continues to descend, the positioning component adjusts the gap between the prefabricated wall (2) and the floor (1) so that the gap reaches 10mm to 20mm; S3. Sealing: Press the prepared sealing material into the gap, ensuring that the material fills the entire gap tightly and evenly to avoid gaps. The inserted material should be compacted to ensure good contact with the wall and floor without leaving gaps. S4, grouting: connect the grouting pipe to the grouting hole (22), start the grouting equipment, and slowly and evenly inject the grouting material into the gap. During the grouting, pay attention to observation to ensure that there is no leakage. When the grout flows out of the overflow hole (23), the overflow hole (23) is blocked, and then the grouting pipe is removed and the grouting hole (22) is blocked. After the grout solidifies, the assembly is completed.

Images