Hazardous waste high-temperature decomposition device and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature decomposition devices, in particular to a hazardous waste high-temperature decomposition device and process. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a base, an incineration barrel, a material barrel, a spraying box, a purifying box, a first pump shell, a second pump shell and a motor, an annular base is arranged above the base, a first pump shaft is rotationally installed in the first pump shell, the outer wall of the first pump shaft is sleeved with a first impeller rotationally installed with the first pump shell, and a second pump shaft is rotationally installed in the second pump shell; the outer wall of the first pump shaft is sleeved with a second impeller, the outer wall of the first pump shaft and the outer wall of the second pump shaft are sleeved with synchronous wheels, the outer walls of the synchronous wheels are rotationally sleeved with synchronous belts, the output end of the motor is sleeved with a driving wheel, the outer wall of the first pump shaft is sleeved with a driven wheel, and the outer walls of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are sleeved with driving belts. The motor drives the incineration cylinder to rotate, the material pushing plate pushes materials, liquid medicine is sucked and sprayed, flue gas after liquid medicine treatment is dried, multi-structure linkage use is achieved, and use of electrical equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high temperature decomposition devices, and in particular to a high temperature decomposition device and process for hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] Hazardous waste refers to waste that has serious impacts on the environment and human health due to its toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, reactivity or other hazardous characteristics, such as waste medicines, developers, waste paints, waste acetone, waste mineral oils, wastes containing heavy metals, pesticide residues, organophosphorus compounds, wastes containing cyanide, dioxins, etc. Some of these hazardous wastes will be decomposed and treated through high-temperature incineration.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a fully intelligent treatment machine for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry waste (authorization announcement number CN103817135B). The patented technology includes a waste decomposition device, which is connected to a waste lifting and conveying device. A processing box device is arranged directly below the waste decomposition device, and a fat refining and separation device is arranged at the bottom of the processing box device. The side of the processing box device is connected to a hot blast furnace device and a medium oil heating device. The decomposition device used in the present invention is an original design, which can quickly decompose the raw materials, and the decomposition efficiency is several times that of the industry. The raw materials can be decomposed into relatively fine pieces, which also greatly improves the efficiency of the processing. A medium oil heating device and a hot blast furnace device are used, and medium oil heating and hot blast are introduced to assist the processing, thereby improving the processing efficiency. At the same time, the waste gas is introduced into the hot blast furnace combustion chamber for high-temperature cracking treatment, so that the waste gas meets the emission standards. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a device and process for high-temperature decomposition of hazardous waste to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] This patented technology effectively treats hazardous waste when used, but there are still some shortcomings during use. A large amount of electrical equipment will be used during the incineration process, which increases the operating cost of the incineration treatment. The maintenance of electrical equipment requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to ensure its normal operation and extend its service life. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a hazardous waste high-temperature decomposition device and process to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to propose a hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device and process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-temperature decomposition device for hazardous waste, comprising a base, an incineration cylinder, a material cylinder, a spray box, a purification box, a first pump housing, a second pump housing, and a motor. Above the base is provided an inclined incineration cylinder. Above the base are fixedly arranged a material cylinder, a spray box, and a purification box. In front of the incineration cylinder are fixedly arranged a first pump housing, a second pump housing, a motor, and a reduction gearbox. Above the base are provided symmetrically distributed ring seats. The outer wall of the incineration cylinder is sleeved with symmetrically distributed rotating rings that are rotatably installed inside the ring seats. The output end of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the reduction gearbox. The output end of the reduction gearbox is provided with a gear. The outer wall of the incineration cylinder is sleeved with a toothed ring that meshes with the gear. Inside the first pump housing is rotatably installed a first pump shaft. The outer wall of the first pump shaft is sleeved with an impeller one that is rotatably installed with the first pump housing. Inside the second pump housing is rotatably installed a second pump shaft. The outer wall of the first pump shaft is sleeved with an impeller two that is rotatably installed with the second pump housing. Synchronous wheels are sleeved on the outer walls of the first pump shaft and the second pump shaft. A synchronous belt is rotatably sleeved on the outer walls of the synchronous wheels. A driving wheel is sleeved on the output end of the motor. A driven wheel is sleeved on the outer wall of the first pump shaft. A driving belt is sleeved on the outer walls of the driving wheel and the driven wheel. Above the upper end of the base is provided a chemical agent tank.

[0007] Preferably, symmetrically distributed bearing seats are provided at the upper end of the base. Inside the bearing seats is rotatably installed a rotating shaft located at the center of the incineration cylinder and rotatably installed with the incineration cylinder. Multiple groups of push plates distributed in an annular array are provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. Through the design of symmetrically distributed bearing seats and rotating shafts, it is ensured that the rotating shaft rotates stably inside the incineration cylinder. Multiple groups of annular array push plates can form continuous turning inside the incineration cylinder, increasing the contact area between the waste and oxygen, and avoiding incomplete combustion caused by local accumulation. In traditional incineration devices, due to the static placement of materials, lumps or combustion dead corners are easily formed. Through dynamic material pushing, the materials are evenly distributed, improving the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, push blocks are provided at equal intervals on the inner wall of the incineration cylinder and are located in the gaps between the push plates. The radius of the driving wheel is greater than that of the driven wheel. The push blocks on the inner wall of the incineration cylinder and the push plates cooperate to form a forced material turning mechanism, enhancing the residence time of the waste in the high-temperature area. The design that the radius of the driving wheel is greater than that of the driven wheel reduces the motor load through variable-speed transmission and prolongs the service life of the equipment. In the prior art, the flow of materials depends on gravity, which easily leads to uneven combustion. By mechanical pushing, the movement trajectory of the materials is optimized, reducing unburned residues.

[0009] Preferably, an air suction pipe is provided at the suction end of the first pump housing. A filter screen is provided at the suction end of the air suction pipe. A spiral pipe located inside the side of the incineration cylinder is provided in the central section of the air suction pipe. The spiral pipe embedded in the air suction pipe preheats the intake air using the waste heat on the side of the incineration cylinder. The filter screen prevents unburned particles from flowing back to the first pump housing, protecting the impeller one from wear.

[0010] Preferably, an air guide pipe is installed at the upper end of the spray box and connected to one end of the purification box, and an air supply pipe penetrating the air guide pipe is provided at one output end of the pump housing. The through-type design of the air guide pipe and the air supply pipe realizes seamless connection between the spray and purification processes, reduces pipeline resistance loss, and the connecting structure between the spray box and the purification box simplifies the gas processing path.

[0011] Preferably, the second suction end of the pump housing is provided with a liquid extraction pipe penetrating the medicine box, the second output end of the pump housing is provided with a liquid delivery pipe penetrating the interior of the upper end of the spray box, and the lower end of the liquid delivery pipe is provided with equidistantly distributed nozzles. The liquid extraction pipe is directly connected to the medicine box, and combined with the equidistantly distributed nozzles to form a uniform liquid atomization layer, which enhances the acidic gas HCl, SO 2 Neutralization effect, the second pump housing independently drives the liquid medicine delivery to avoid mutual interference with the flue gas treatment system. The uneven distribution of liquid medicine in the traditional spray system leads to incomplete purification. The pollutant removal rate is improved through large-area top-down atomization.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the purification box is provided with a support ring, a filter is provided inside the support ring, an ash hopper is rotatably provided on the purification box, multiple groups of support nets are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the purification box, activated carbon is provided on the upper end of the support net, and an exhaust pipe is provided on the upper end of the purification box. The combination of the filter and activated carbon realizes the adsorption of flue gas particles and deep purification of chemical pollutants, meeting the ultra-low emission standards. A single filtering method has limited processing capacity for complex pollutants. Multi-stage purification ensures that flue gas emissions meet standards and reduces environmental risks. The dust intercepted by the filter is taken over by the ash hopper.

[0013] Preferably, a feed pipe is provided at the lower end of the barrel, and the feed pipe is rotatably mounted with one end of the incinerator through a rotating collar, and a smoke exhaust pipe connected to the spray tower is provided at the upper end of the rotating collar, and an arc-shaped return pipe is connected and installed between the smoke exhaust pipe and the feed pipe. The dynamic sealing design of the feed pipe and the rotating collar prevents leakage of high-temperature flue gas and ensures the transportation of hazardous wastes. The arc-shaped return pipe accelerates the circulation of flue gas by using the Venturi effect, so that the flue gas is effectively transported.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating collar is provided with a housing, a driven shaft with the upper end located inside the exhaust pipe is rotatably installed inside the housing, a plurality of scraping strips distributed in a circular array are provided on the outer wall of the driven shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the housing, a conical tooth 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the rotating shaft located inside the housing, and a conical tooth 2 meshing with the conical tooth 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the rotating shaft. The scraping strip is linked with the conical tooth transmission mechanism to realize automatic dust cleaning of the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, avoiding frequent maintenance of manual cleaning, the driven shaft and the rotating shaft share power, reducing independent drive units and reducing power consumption, the dust accumulation in the exhaust pipe leads to increased system resistance, and the flue gas flow is maintained stable through the self-cleaning mechanism to ensure processing efficiency.

[0015] A high-temperature decomposition process for hazardous waste, and the steps of the high-temperature decomposition method for hazardous waste are as follows:

[0016] S1: The hazardous waste is pre-stored in a barrel and conveyed through a feeding pipe into the inner part of a rotating collar, and then enters the inner part of an incineration cylinder through the rotating collar. The incineration cylinder rotates inside a ring seat through two groups of rotating rings on the outer wall. The motor operates to reduce the rotational speed of the output shaft through a speed reducer, so that the low-speed gear pushes the gear ring to rotate. During the process of incinerating the hazardous waste inside, the waste flows through the inclined surface of the incineration cylinder, enabling the hazardous waste to burn sufficiently during the flowing process;

[0017] The harmful components in the waste are oxidized, decomposed and finally completely destroyed in a high-temperature environment. It should be noted that generally, increasing the incineration temperature helps to promote the decomposition and destruction of organic poisons in the waste and at the same time inhibits the generation of black smoke. However, too high an incineration temperature will not only increase fuel consumption, but also lead to an increase in the volatilization amount of metals in the waste and even generate pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thus causing secondary pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to determine an appropriate incineration temperature. Through practical verification, the appropriate incineration temperature range for most organic substances is between 800 and 1100 °C, usually controlled at about 800 to 900 °C. For specific wastes, such as wastes containing chlorides, the incineration temperature needs to reach 800 to 850 °C to ensure that chlorine can be converted into hydrogen chloride for recovery or removed through water washing. When incinerating wastes containing alkaline earth metals, the temperature should be controlled below 750 to 800 °C to prevent the molten matter from corroding and damaging the furnace lining and equipment;

[0018] S2: The flue gas emitted from incineration enters the spray pipe through the exhaust pipe. Part of the flue gas enters the feeding pipe. During the flowing process, it enters the exhaust pipe through the arc structure of the reflux pipe and the principle of heat absorption by heating. During the rotation of the incineration cylinder, the pushing block is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the pushing block, the pushing plate is pushed. The pushing plate rotates around the rotating shaft as the axis. When the hazardous waste transported inside the incineration cylinder passes through the pushing plate, it is lifted and scattered at a high place, improving the flow of the hazardous waste and facilitating the full combustion of the hazardous waste. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, it meshes with the second conical tooth through the first conical tooth, driving the driven shaft to rotate. When the driven shaft rotates, it drives the scraping strip to scrape the inner wall of the exhaust pipe that first contacts the flue gas. The soot in the flue gas will adhere to the exhaust pipe. Over time, the inner wall of the exhaust pipe will become thicker, affecting the discharge flow rate of the flue gas and hindering the full discharge of the flue gas. By scraping the exhaust pipe with the scraping strip, the fouling of the inner wall of the exhaust pipe that first contacts the flue gas is avoided. After the flue gas enters the spray box, the suction force generated by the rotation of the second impeller inside the second pump housing acts on the chemical agent tank through the liquid suction pipe and is transported to the nozzle through the liquid supply pipe to spray the flue gas flowing upward in the spray box. The harmful substances in the flue gas react with the liquid medicine. After the gas is spray-treated, it is transported through the gas guide pipe. The gas guide pipe transports the flue gas after the spray reaction into the purification box, and the solid substances inside are filtered through the filter screen. When the filtered flue gas passes through the support net, it contacts the activated carbon, adsorbing the harmful substances in the flue gas and outputting through the exhaust pipe;

[0019] S3: During the process of transporting the flue gas after the reaction with the liquid medicine through the gas guide pipe, the gas sucked by the suction end of the first pump housing is heated inside the incineration cylinder through the spiral pipe. The heated and dried gas is input into the gas guide pipe together to mix with the flue gas after the spray reaction, drying the flue gas after spraying to avoid the possibility that the overly wet flue gas will increase the adhesion to the filter screen. During the operation of the motor, the output end of the driving wheel drives the driving wheel to rotate. Through the driving wheel with a radius larger than the driven wheel, it drives the first pump shaft to rotate under the linkage of the drive belt. The first pump shaft drives the first impeller to rotate. When the first pump shaft rotates, it drives the second pump shaft to rotate through the linkage of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The second pump shaft drives the second impeller to rotate inside the second pump housing.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] After the hazardous waste of the present invention is transported into the incineration cylinder, it is incinerated at high temperature. The flue gas after incineration contacts and reacts with the liquid medicine water mist through the spray box, and then the fine particles in the flue gas are filtered through the purification box, and the harmful substances are adsorbed by activated carbon. In the treatment process, the power of the motor rotates the incineration cylinder to realize the transportation and spraying of the liquid medicine, the drying of the humid flue gas after the liquid medicine treatment, the dynamic turning of the pushing plate in the incineration cylinder, and the self-cleaning structure inside the exhaust pipe self-cleans the inner wall of the exhaust pipe in direct contact with the flue gas, reducing the use of electrical equipment and lowering the operating cost of the incineration treatment of hazardous waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the front view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is the top view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is the rear view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is the top view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the inside of the incineration cylinder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is the first-angle three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the rear cross-section of the spray box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the second-angle three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the rear cross-section of the spray box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is the partial side view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the inside of the incineration cylinder of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 is the main cross-section three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 is the rear view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the gear of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 is the side view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the gear of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 is the top view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the pump housing one and the pump housing two of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 is the top cross-section three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the pump housing one and the pump housing two of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1, base; 2, incineration cylinder; 3, reagent tank; 4, material cylinder; 5, spray box; 6, purification box; 7, exhaust pipe; 8, feeding pipe; 9, gas guide pipe; 10, bearing seat; 11, support ring; 12, pump housing one; 13, pump housing two; 14, synchronous pulley; 15, synchronous belt; 16, motor; 17, gear; 18, gear ring; 19, speed reducer; 20, suction pipe; 21, air supply pipe; 22, liquid supply pipe; 23, liquid extraction pipe; 24, impeller one; 25, pump shaft one; 26, pump shaft two; 27, impeller two; 28, driving wheel; 29, driving belt; 30, driven wheel; 31, return pipe; 32, housing; 33, conical gear one; 34, conical gear two; 35, driven shaft; 36, scraping strip; 37, pushing plate; 38, pushing block; 39, spiral pipe; 40, rotating ring; 41, ring seat; 42, nozzle; 43, ash hopper; 44, filter screen; 45, rotating shaft; 46, support net; 47, exhaust pipe; 48, rotating collar. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , four embodiments provided by the present invention:

[0037] Embodiment 1: A high-temperature decomposition device and process for hazardous waste, Embodiment 1:

[0038] A high-temperature decomposition device for hazardous waste, comprising a base 1, an incineration cylinder 2, a material cylinder 4, a spray box 5, a purification box 6, a pump housing one 12, a pump housing two 13 and a motor 16. An inclined incineration cylinder 2 is arranged above the base 1. A material cylinder 4, a spray box 5 and a purification box 6 are fixedly arranged above the base 1. A pump housing one 12, a pump housing two 13, a motor 16 and a speed reducer 19 are fixedly arranged in front of the incineration cylinder 2. Symmetrically distributed ring seats 41 are arranged above the base 1. A symmetrically distributed rotating ring 40 is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder 2 and is rotatably installed inside the ring seats 41. The output end of the motor 16 is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer 19. A gear 17 is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 19. A gear ring 18 meshing with the gear 17 is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder 2;

[0039] Symmetrically distributed bearing seats 10 are arranged at the upper end of the base 1. A rotating shaft 45 located at the center of the incineration cylinder 2 and rotatably installed with the incineration cylinder 2 is rotatably installed inside the bearing seats 10. Multiple groups of pushing plates 37 distributed in an annular array are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 45;

[0040] The inner wall of the incineration cylinder 2 is provided with driving blocks 38 that are evenly distributed and located in the gaps of the pushing plates 37, and the radius of the driving wheel 28 is greater than that of the driven wheel 30;

[0041] With the inclined incineration cylinder 2 as the core, the motor 16 drives the reduction gearbox 19 to drive the gear 17 - ring gear 18 transmission, so that the incineration cylinder 2 rotates slowly around the ring seat 41 at 0.5 - 3 rpm. The driving blocks 38 installed on the inner wall of the incineration cylinder 2 form a mechanical linkage with the annular array of pushing plates 37 on the rotating shaft 45. When the incineration cylinder 2 rotates, the driving blocks 38 periodically push the pushing plates 37, causing the hazardous waste to be lifted and scattered in the cylinder, simulating a "waterfall - like" flow. At the same time, the inclination angle of the incineration cylinder 2 is 5° - 15°. Combining with the action of gravity, the residence time of the waste is extended. The temperature is dynamically adjusted according to the type of waste. For chlorine - containing waste, it is controlled at 800 - 850 °C, while for alkaline earth metal waste, it is limited to 750 - 800 °C. The power of the gas / oil auxiliary burner is adjusted in real - time through the built - in thermocouple feedback. The dynamic material - turning mechanism increases the contact area between the waste and oxygen, improves the decomposition rate of organic matter from the traditional static incineration effect, and reduces the thermal loss rate of the residue. Different temperature controls are implemented according to the characteristics of different wastes to avoid the formation of dioxins at high temperatures for chlorine - containing waste and prevent the melting and corrosion of the furnace lining by alkaline earth metals. The inclined incineration cylinder 2 utilizes gravity to assist the flow and does not require an additional stirring motor 16.

[0042] Example two:

[0043] A pump shaft one 25 is rotatably installed inside the pump housing one 12, a pump shaft two 26 is rotatably installed inside the pump housing two 13, and a chemical agent tank 3 is provided at the upper end of the base 1;

[0044] The suction end of the pump housing one 12 is provided with an intake pipe 20. The suction end of the intake pipe 20 is provided with a filter screen 44, and the central section of the intake pipe 20 is provided with a spiral pipe 39 located inside the side of the incineration cylinder 2;

[0045] The upper end of the spray box 5 is communicated with one end of the purification box 6 and installed with a gas guide pipe 9. The output end of the pump housing one 12 is provided with a gas delivery pipe 21 that penetrates through the gas guide pipe 9;

[0046] The suction end of the pump housing two 13 is provided with a liquid suction pipe 23 that penetrates through the chemical agent tank 3. The output end of the pump housing two 13 is provided with a liquid delivery pipe 22 that penetrates through the upper end inside the spray box 5. The lower end of the liquid delivery pipe 22 is provided with evenly distributed nozzles 42;

[0047] The inner wall of the purification box 6 is provided with a support ring 11. A filter screen 44 is arranged inside the support ring 11. A ash hopper 43 is rotatably arranged in the purification box 6. The upper - end inner wall of the purification box 6 is provided with multiple groups of support nets 46. Activated carbon is arranged on the upper end of the support nets 46. The upper end of the purification box 6 is provided with an exhaust pipe 47;

[0048] A feed pipe 8 is provided at the lower end of the barrel 4. The feed pipe 8 is rotatably installed at one end of the incineration barrel 2 through a rotating collar 48. A smoke exhaust pipe 7 connected and installed with the spray tower is provided at the upper end of the rotating collar 48. An arc-shaped reflux pipe 31 is connected and installed between the smoke exhaust pipe 7 and the feed pipe 8;

[0049] The flue gas generated by incineration enters the spray box 5 through the smoke exhaust pipe 7. The driven impeller two 27 extracts the alkaline solution from the chemical agent tank 3 through the liquid extraction pipe 23. The solution can be NaOH or Ca(OH) 2 , and is transported to the equally spaced atomizing nozzles 42 through the liquid supply pipe 22 to form a liquid droplet curtain with a particle size of 50-100 μm. The flue gas and the liquid medicine contact countercurrently, and HCl, SO 2 The acidic gas is neutralized to generate salts such as NaCl and CaSO 4 . The humid flue gas after spraying enters the purification box 6 through the air guide pipe 9. First, fly ash particles are intercepted by the filter screen 44, and the aperture of the filter screen 44 is ≤10 μm. Subsequently, pollutants such as dioxins and mercury vapor are adsorbed by the activated carbon layer. The rotatable ash hopper 43 at the bottom of the purification box 6 regularly discharges fly ash, and the activated carbon module adopts a drawer-type design for easy replacement. The atomizing nozzles 42 are combined with the equally spaced distribution design to improve the liquid medicine coverage rate.

[0050] Example three:

[0051] An impeller one 24 rotatably installed with the pump housing one 12 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft one 25. An impeller two 27 rotatably installed with the pump housing two 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft one 25. Synchronous wheels 14 are sleeved on the outer walls of the pump shaft one 25 and the pump shaft two 26. A synchronous belt 15 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the synchronous wheel 14. A driving wheel 28 is sleeved on the output end of the motor 16. A driven wheel 30 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft one 25. A driving belt 29 is sleeved on the outer walls of the driving wheel 28 and the driven wheel 30;

[0052] A machine shell 32 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating collar 48. A driven shaft 35 with the upper end located inside the smoke exhaust pipe 7 is rotatably installed inside the machine shell 32. A plurality of scraping strips 36 distributed in an annular array are provided on the outer wall of the driven shaft 35. A rotating shaft 45 is rotatably installed inside the machine shell 32. A conical tooth one 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the rotating shaft 45 located inside the machine shell 32. A conical tooth two 34 meshing with the conical tooth one 33 is sleeved on the lower outer wall of the rotating shaft 45;

[0053] The radius ratio of the driving wheel 28 to the driven wheel 30 driven by the single motor 16 is 3:1. The driving wheel 28 and the driven wheel 30 are linked by a driving belt 29 to the output end of the motor 16 and the first pump shaft 25. The synchronous belt 15 and the synchronous pulley 14 link the first pump shaft 25 and the second pump shaft 26. The synchronous drive of the incineration cylinder 2 to rotate, the use of the first pump shaft 25 and the first impeller 24 realizes the drying of the humid gas after liquid spraying. The second pump shaft 26 and the second impeller 27 realize the transportation of the liquid medicine. The rotating shaft 45 of the incineration cylinder 2 extends into the machine shell 32 and drives the driven shaft 35 in the smoke exhaust pipe 7 to rotate through the engagement of the first tapered gear 33 and the second tapered gear 34, so that the annular scraping strip 36 continuously scrapes the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe 7 at a rotating speed. At the same time, the first pump housing 12 extracts external air through the spiral pipe 39, and uses the waste heat on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder 2 to be injected into the air guide pipe 9 through the air supply pipe 21, and mixes with the flue gas after spraying to realize drying. The single motor 16 drives multiple systems, reducing the number of motors 16 compared with the traditional split design, reducing power consumption, avoiding frequent shutdowns caused by frequent manual ash cleaning in the traditional method, solving the problems that a large number of electrical equipment are used in the incineration process, increasing the operating cost of incineration treatment, and a large amount of manpower, material and financial resources are required for the maintenance of electrical equipment to ensure its normal operation and extend its service life.

[0054] Embodiment 4:

[0055] It includes a base 1, an incineration cylinder 2, a material cylinder 4, a spraying box 5, a purification box 6, a first pump housing 12, a second pump housing 13 and a motor 16. An inclined incineration cylinder 2 is arranged above the base 1. A material cylinder 4, a spraying box 5 and a purification box 6 are fixedly arranged above the base 1. A first pump housing 12, a second pump housing 13, a motor 16 and a reduction box 19 are fixedly arranged in front of the incineration cylinder 2. Symmetrically distributed ring seats 41 are arranged above the base 1. The outer wall of the incineration cylinder 2 is sleeved with symmetrically distributed rotating rings 40 that are rotatably installed inside the ring seats 41. The output end of the motor 16 is connected to the input shaft of the reduction box 19. A gear 17 is arranged at the output end of the reduction box 19. A tooth ring 18 meshing with the gear 17 is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder 2;

[0056] Symmetrically distributed bearing seats 10 are arranged at the upper end of the base 1. A rotating shaft 45 located at the center of the incineration cylinder 2 and rotatably installed with the incineration cylinder 2 is rotatably installed inside the bearing seats 10. Multiple groups of pushing plates 37 distributed in an annular array are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 45;

[0057] Pushing blocks 38 are arranged at equal distances on the inner wall of the incineration cylinder 2 and in the gaps between the pushing plates 37. The radius of the driving wheel 28 is larger than that of the driven wheel 30;

[0058] With the inclined incineration tube 2 as the core, the motor 16 drives the reduction box 19 to drive the gear 17-ring gear 18 to make the incineration tube 2 rotate around the ring seat 41 at a low speed of 0.5-3rpm. The push block 38 installed on the inner wall of the incineration tube 2 forms a mechanical linkage with the annular array push plate 37 on the rotating shaft 45. When the incineration tube 2 rotates, the push block 38 periodically moves the push plate 37 to lift and throw the hazardous waste in the tube, simulating a "waterfall-like" flow. At the same time, the inclination angle of the incineration tube 2 is 5°-15°, combined with the effect of gravity, to extend the waste residence time and temperature. Dynamic adjustment is made according to the waste type. The temperature of chlorine-containing waste is controlled at 800-850℃, and that of alkaline earth metal waste is limited to 750-800℃. The power of the gas / oil auxiliary burner is adjusted through real-time feedback from the built-in thermocouple. The dynamic material turning mechanism increases the contact area between the waste and oxygen, improves the decomposition rate of organic matter from the traditional static incineration effect, and reduces the thermal ignition rate of the residue. Differentiated temperature control is carried out according to the characteristics of different wastes to avoid the generation of dioxins at high temperatures of chlorine-containing wastes, and prevents the melting of alkaline earth metals from corroding the furnace lining. The inclined incineration tube 2 uses gravity to assist the flow, and no additional stirring motor 16 is required;

[0059] A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition process, the steps of the hazardous waste high temperature decomposition method are as follows:

[0060] S1: Hazardous waste is pre-stored through the barrel 4 and transported to the inside of the rotating ring 48 through the feeding pipe 8, and enters the inside of the incineration barrel 2 through the rotating ring 48. The incineration barrel 2 rotates inside the ring seat 41 through the two sets of rotating rings 40 on the outer wall. The motor 16 operates to reduce the output shaft speed through the reduction box 19, so that the low-speed gear 17 drives the gear ring 18 to rotate. During the process of incineration of the hazardous waste inside the incineration barrel 2, the hazardous waste flows through the inclined surface of the incineration barrel 2, so that the hazardous waste is fully burned during the flow process;

[0061] The harmful components in the waste are oxidized and decomposed until they are completely destroyed under high temperature. It is worth noting that, generally, increasing the incineration temperature helps to promote the decomposition and destruction of organic poisons in the waste, while suppressing the generation of black smoke. However, too high an incineration temperature will not only increase fuel consumption, but also increase the volatilization of metals in the waste, and even produce pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thereby causing secondary pollution. Therefore, it is very important to determine the appropriate incineration temperature. It has been verified in practice that the appropriate incineration temperature range for most organic matter is between 800 and 1100°C, usually controlled at around 800 to 900°C. For specific wastes, such as wastes containing chlorides, the incineration temperature needs to reach 800 to 850°C to ensure that chlorine can be converted into hydrogen chloride for recovery or removed by water washing. When incinerating wastes containing alkaline earth metals, the temperature should be controlled below 750 to 800°C to prevent the molten material from corroding and damaging the furnace lining and equipment.

[0062] S2: The flue gas emitted from incineration enters the spray pipe through the exhaust pipe 7. Part of the flue gas enters the feeding pipe 8. During the flowing process, it enters the exhaust pipe 7 through the arc-shaped structure of the return pipe 31 and the principle of heat absorption by heating. During the rotation of the incineration cylinder 2, the pushing block 38 is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the pushing block 38, the pushing plate 37 is pushed. The pushing plate 37 rotates around the rotating shaft 45 as the axis. When the hazardous waste transported inside the incineration cylinder 2 passes through the pushing plate 37, it is lifted and scattered at a high place, enhancing the flow of the hazardous waste and facilitating the full combustion of the hazardous waste. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 45, it meshes with the second conical tooth 34 through the first conical tooth 33, driving the driven shaft 35 to rotate. When the driven shaft 35 rotates, the scraping strip 36 is driven to scrape the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 7 that first contacts the flue gas. The soot in the flue gas will adhere to the exhaust pipe 7. Over time, it will cause the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 7 to thicken, affecting the emission flow rate of the flue gas and hindering the full emission of the flue gas. By scraping the exhaust pipe 7 with the scraping strip 36, the fouling of the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 7 that first contacts the flue gas is avoided. After the flue gas enters the spray box 5, the suction force generated by the rotation of the second impeller 27 inside the second pump housing 13 acts on the chemical agent tank 3 through the liquid suction pipe 23 and is transported to the nozzle 42 through the liquid supply pipe 22 for spray treatment of the flue gas flowing upward in the spray box 5. The harmful substances in the flue gas react with the liquid medicine. After the gas spray treatment, it is transported through the air duct 9. The air duct 9 transports the flue gas after the spray reaction into the purification box 6. The solid substances inside are filtered through the filter screen 44. When the filtered flue gas passes through the support mesh 46, it contacts the activated carbon, adsorbing the harmful substances in the flue gas and outputting through the exhaust pipe 47;

[0063] S3: During the process of transporting the flue gas after the reaction with the liquid medicine through the air duct 9, the gas sucked by the suction end of the first pump housing 12 is heated inside the incineration cylinder 2 through the spiral pipe 39. The heated and dried gas is input into the air duct 9 together to be mixed with the flue gas after the spray reaction, drying the flue gas after spraying to avoid the possibility that the overly humid flue gas will increase the adhesion to the filter screen 44. During the operation of the motor 16, the output end of the driving wheel 28 drives the driving wheel 28 to rotate. Through the driving wheel 28 with a radius larger than that of the driven wheel 30, under the linkage of the driving belt 29, the first pump shaft 25 is driven to rotate. The first pump shaft 25 drives the first impeller 24 to rotate. When the first pump shaft 25 rotates, through the linkage of the synchronous wheel 14 and the synchronous belt 15, the second pump shaft 26 is driven to rotate. The second pump shaft 26 drives the second impeller 27 to rotate inside the second pump housing 13.

[0064] The above specific embodiments are merely several preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant revelations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0065] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device, comprising a base (1), an incineration cylinder (2), a material cylinder (4), a spray box (5), a purification box (6), a first pump casing (12), a second pump casing (13) and a motor (16), characterized in that: An inclined incineration cylinder (2) is arranged above the base (1). A material cylinder (4), a spray box (5) and a purification box (6) are fixed above the base (1). A pump housing (12), a pump housing (13), a motor (16) and a reduction box (19) are fixed in front of the incineration cylinder (2). A symmetrically distributed ring seat (41) is arranged above the base (1). A rotating ring (40) symmetrically distributed and rotatably mounted inside the ring seat (41) is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder (2). The output end of the motor (16) is connected to the input shaft of the reduction box (19). The output end of the reduction box (19) is provided with a gear (17). A gear ring (18) meshing with the gear (17) is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder (2). The rotating ring (40) inside the pump housing (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the incineration cylinder (2). A pump shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the first pump shaft (25), an impeller (24) rotatably mounted on the first pump housing (12) is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft (25), a pump shaft (26) is rotatably mounted inside the second pump housing (13), an impeller (27) rotatably mounted on the second pump housing (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft (25), a synchronous wheel (14) is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft (25) and the second pump shaft (26), a synchronous belt (15) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the synchronous wheel (14), a driving wheel (28) is sleeved on the output end of the motor (16), a driven wheel (30) is sleeved on the outer wall of the pump shaft (25), and a driving belt (29) is sleeved on the outer walls of the driving wheel (28) and the driven wheel (30), and a medicine box (3) is arranged on the upper end of the base (1).

2. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base (1) is provided with symmetrically distributed bearing seats (10), and a rotating shaft (45) located at the center of the incineration cylinder (2) and rotatably installed with the incineration cylinder (2) is rotatably installed inside the bearing seat (10), and a plurality of groups of push plates (37) distributed in a ring array are provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (45).

3. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the incineration cylinder (2) is provided with push blocks (38) which are distributed at equal intervals and are located in the gap between the push plates (37); the radius of the driving wheel (28) is greater than that of the driven wheel (30).

4. The hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A suction pipe (20) is provided at a suction end of the pump housing (12), a filter screen (44) is provided at the suction end of the suction pipe (20), and a spiral tube (39) located inside the side of the incineration cylinder (2) is provided at the central section of the suction pipe (20).

5. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air guide pipe (9) is installed at the upper end of the spray box (5) and is connected to one end of the purification box (6). An air supply pipe (21) penetrating the air guide pipe (9) is provided at the output end of the pump housing (12).

6. The hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction end of the second pump housing (13) is provided with a liquid extraction pipe (23) penetrating the medicine box (3), and the output end of the second pump housing (13) is provided with a liquid delivery pipe (22) penetrating the interior of the upper end of the spray box (5), and the lower end of the liquid delivery pipe (22) is provided with nozzles (42) distributed at equal intervals.

7. The hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the purification box (6) is provided with a support ring (11), a filter screen (44) is provided inside the support ring (11), an ash hopper (43) is rotatably provided on the purification box (6), a plurality of groups of support nets (46) are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the purification box (6), activated carbon is provided on the upper end of the support nets (46), and an exhaust pipe (47) is provided on the upper end of the purification box (6).

8. The hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A feed pipe (8) is provided at the lower end of the barrel (4), and the feed pipe (8) is rotatably mounted on one end of the incineration barrel (2) via a rotating collar (48). A smoke exhaust pipe (7) connected to a spray tower is provided at the upper end of the rotating collar (48), and an arc-shaped return pipe (31) is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (7) and the feed pipe (8).

9. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotating ring (48) is provided with a casing (32), a driven shaft (35) whose upper end is located inside the smoke exhaust pipe (7) is rotatably mounted inside the casing (32), a plurality of scraper strips (36) distributed in a ring array are provided on the outer wall of the driven shaft (35), the rotating shaft (45) is rotatably mounted inside the casing (32), a conical tooth 1 (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the rotating shaft (45) located inside the casing (32), and a conical tooth 2 (34) meshing with the conical tooth 1 (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the rotating shaft (45).

10. A hazardous waste high temperature decomposition process, characterized in that: The steps of the pyrolysis method for hazardous waste are as follows: S1: Hazardous waste is pre-stored in a barrel (4) and transported to the inside of a rotating sleeve (48) through a feeding pipe (8), and then enters the inside of an incineration barrel (2) through the rotating sleeve (48). The incineration barrel (2) rotates inside a ring seat (41) through two sets of rotating rings (40) on the outer wall. The motor (16) operates to reduce the output shaft speed through a reduction gear (19), so that the low-speed gear (17) drives the gear ring (18) to rotate. During the process of incineration of the hazardous waste inside the incineration barrel (2), the hazardous waste flows through the inclined surface of the incineration barrel (2), so that the hazardous waste is fully burned during the flow process; The harmful components in the waste are oxidized and decomposed until they are completely destroyed under high temperature. It is worth noting that, generally, increasing the incineration temperature helps to promote the decomposition and destruction of organic poisons in the waste, while suppressing the generation of black smoke. However, too high an incineration temperature will not only increase fuel consumption, but also increase the volatilization of metals in the waste, and even produce pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, thereby causing secondary pollution. Therefore, it is very important to determine the appropriate incineration temperature. It has been verified in practice that the appropriate incineration temperature range for most organic matter is between 800 and 1100°C, usually controlled at around 800 to 900°C. For specific wastes, such as wastes containing chlorides, the incineration temperature needs to reach 800 to 850°C to ensure that chlorine can be converted into hydrogen chloride for recovery or removed by water washing. When incinerating wastes containing alkaline earth metals, the temperature should be controlled below 750 to 800°C to prevent the molten material from corroding and damaging the furnace lining and equipment. S2: The smoke emitted by the incineration enters the spray pipe through the smoke exhaust pipe (7), and part of the smoke enters the feed pipe (8). During the flow, the smoke passes through the arc structure of the return pipe (31) and enters the smoke exhaust pipe (7) by the principle of heating and heat absorption. During the rotation of the incineration tube (2), the push block (38) is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the push block (38), the push plate (37) is pushed. The push plate (37) rotates around the rotating shaft (45). The hazardous waste transported inside the incineration cylinder (2) is lifted up when passing through the push plate (37) and is scattered at a high place, thereby improving the flow of the hazardous waste and helping the hazardous waste to be fully burned. During the rotation of the rotating shaft (45), the conical tooth 1 (33) is meshed with the conical tooth 2 (34), driving the driven shaft (35) to rotate. When the driven shaft (35) rotates, it drives the scraper (36) to scrape the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (7) that first contacts the smoke, and the smoke dust in the smoke adheres to the inner wall. On the smoke exhaust pipe (7), the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (7) will become thicker over a long period of time, affecting the exhaust flow rate of the smoke and hindering the full exhaust of the smoke. The smoke exhaust pipe (7) is scraped by a scraper (36) to prevent the inner wall of the smoke exhaust pipe (7) that first contacts the smoke from being fouled. After the smoke enters the spray box (5), the suction force generated by the rotation of the impeller 2 (27) inside the pump housing 2 (13) acts on the medicine box (3) through the liquid suction pipe (23), and is transported to the nozzle (42) through the liquid delivery pipe (22), and the smoke flowing upward from the spray box (5) is sprayed. The harmful substances in the smoke react with the liquid medicine. After the gas is sprayed, it is transported through the air guide pipe (9). The air guide pipe (9) transports the smoke after the spray reaction into the purification box (6), and the solid substances inside are filtered through the filter screen (44). When the filtered smoke passes through the support net (46), it contacts the activated carbon, adsorbs the harmful substances in the smoke, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe (47); S3: During the process of conveying the flue gas after the liquid medicine reaction through the air guide pipe (9), the gas sucked by the suction end of the pump housing (12) is heated inside the incineration cylinder (2) through the spiral tube (39), and the heated and dried gas is input into the air guide pipe (9) to mix with the flue gas after the spraying reaction, so as to dry the flue gas after the spraying, thereby preventing the excessively humid flue gas from increasing the possibility of adhering to the filter (44). During the operation of the motor (16), the output end of the driving wheel (28) drives the driving wheel (28) to rotate, and the driving wheel (28) having a radius greater than that of the driven wheel (30) is driven to rotate under the linkage of the driving belt (29), and the pump shaft (25) drives the impeller (24) to rotate. When the pump shaft (25) rotates, the synchronous wheel (14) and the synchronous belt (15) are linked to drive the pump shaft (26) to rotate, and the pump shaft (26) drives the impeller (27) to rotate inside the pump housing (13).

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