Petroleum drilling machine electrical instrument management system and method based on SIL analysis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical instrument management, in particular to a petroleum drilling machine electrical instrument management system and method based on SIL analysis, and the management system comprises a drilling machine electrical instrument function management module and an electrical instrument safety management module. The drilling machine electrical instrument function management module is used for completing periodic management screening and qualitative analysis of a drilling machine electrical instrument, function identification of an electrical instrument system and safety integrity level determination of the electrical instrument system; the electrical instrument safety management module is used for determining the working range of a drilling machine and the management range of electrical instruments of the drilling machine, screening to-be-evaluated scenes, selecting initial events, identifying independent protection layers, determining the average failure probability of all the protection layers, calculating the frequency of all the scenes and determining risk reduction factors. And confirming the security integrity level of the target. Through the management system and method, the problems that the accuracy of risk assessment of an electrical instrument system of a petroleum drilling machine in a scene event is poor and safety assessment is not facilitated can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical instrument management, and particularly to a management system and method for electrical instruments of an oil drilling rig based on SIL analysis. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of China's petroleum industry, especially the continuous drilling and production of ultra-deep wells, high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-sulfur wells, and shale gas wells in recent years, the degree of equipment refinement and system integration has become higher and higher, and the supporting equipment shows a trend of diversification and specialization. As a key component of an oil drilling rig, the electrical instrument system has been more and more deeply applied. Since the electronic and electrical systems themselves may fail, the application of the electrical instrument system is inevitably accompanied by reliability problems. The failure of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig may cause serious safety accidents. At the same time, the electrical instrument system is also an important accident safety protection barrier. Once it fails, it will reduce the overall accident prevention ability of the drilling rig. Therefore, it is very necessary to use scientific methods to study the safety reliability and safety integrity of the electrical instrument system, and to put forward safety requirements for reliability and integrity, which is an important content to ensure the safety of the drilling rig. At present, there is no systematic safety reliability evaluation method for the electrical instrument system of an oil drilling rig. In recent years, the safety integrity level (SIL) evaluation method for the electrical instrument system of the electronic and electrical type in the domestic chemical industry has become increasingly mature, but it has not been applied to the electrical instrument system of the oil drilling rig.

[0003] At present, when the electrical instrument system of an oil drilling rig conducts a risk assessment on a scenario, the refinement degree of the scenario is not good, which is not conducive to setting scenario events according to the corresponding installation positions of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig. This reduces the accuracy of the risk assessment of the electrical instrument system of the oil drilling rig in scenario events and is not conducive to safety assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a management system and method for electrical instruments of an oil drilling rig based on SIL analysis, which solves the problems of poor accuracy of risk assessment and unfavorable safety assessment of the electrical instrument system of the oil drilling rig in scenario events as mentioned in the above background art.

[0005] The present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] An electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis, including a function management module for electrical instruments of the drilling rig and a safety management module for electrical instruments; the function management module for electrical instruments of the drilling rig is used to complete the periodic management screening, qualitative analysis, function identification of the electrical instrument system, and determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system; the safety management module for electrical instruments is used to determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, screen the scenarios to be evaluated, select the initial events, identify the independent protection layers, determine the average failure probability of each protection layer, calculate the frequency of each scenario, determine the risk reduction factor; and confirm the safety integrity level of the target.

[0007] Completing the periodic management screening of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig specifically includes: completing function analysis, external condition design for oil extraction, implementation management of oil extraction projects, and operation and maintenance; the function analysis specifically refers to instrument function evaluation, including analyzing the service cycle time of the instrument, the service life of the instrument, the operation time of the electrical instrument system, and the cycle frequency of the electrical instrument system; the operation and maintenance specifically refers to: regular maintenance, and establishing a failure database in combination with the service cycle of the electrical instrument and the fault data of the instrument during the implementation of the oil extraction project.

[0008] The qualitative analysis is used to define the safety integrity of the electrical instrument management system from the function analysis, including safety instrument protection function evaluation, safety instrument control function evaluation, and instrument function safety evaluation; the safety instrument protection function evaluation is used to evaluate the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument; the instrument function safety evaluation is used to conduct safety evaluations on the safety and accuracy during the use process of the instrument.

[0009] The function identification of the electrical instrument system consists of a sensor, a logic controller, and a final control actuator; the sensor is used to detect the system safety when the system conditions and states deviate, and the logic controller stores operation instructions for performing logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations inside it, and finally the instructions are executed through the final control actuator.

[0010] The determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system includes the following steps:

[0011] a. Conduct periodic management screening on the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, perform regular maintenance, evaluate the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument through the safety instrument protection function evaluation, conduct safety evaluations on the safety and accuracy during the use process of the instrument through the instrument function safety evaluation, and set up a sensor, a logic controller, and a final control actuator to identify and detect the system safety and execute the instruction operations;

[0012] b. Divide into four levels according to the safety integrity of the electrical instrument system, and the levels are SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4 from low to high;

[0013] c. Each level is divided into high - requirement operations and low - requirement operations according to application requirements and the application scenarios of the drilling rig, and the corresponding interval values are divided.

[0014] The working range of the drilling rig specifically includes external events of the drilling rig and manual operation failure events, and the management range of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig includes drilling rig failure events; the external events of the drilling rig include events such as gas exposure and thunderstorm weather; the drilling rig failure events include events such as mud deposition on the drilling rig table, control area, water accumulation on the ground, and equipment leakage accidents; the manual operation failure events include events such as the number of operating generator sets and the output voltage and frequency of the diesel generator of the drilling rig.

[0015] The scenarios to be evaluated include the power area, mud pump area, drilling area, and solids control area; the working system of the power area includes drilling suspension, the working system of the mud pump area includes mud circulation, the working system of the drilling area includes power device transmission and rotary drilling, and the working system of the solids control area includes control, base, and other auxiliary equipment.

[0016] An electrical instrument management method for an oil drilling rig based on SIL analysis includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S1. Conduct a safety cycle screening on the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, evaluate the service life and quality inspection cycle of the instruments, and conduct a safety assessment on the safety and accuracy of the instrument use process to complete the determination of the safety integrity level;

[0018] Step S2. Determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, conduct individual evaluations on the scenarios to be evaluated, and select the initial events. Determine the final SIL level based on the selection of the initial events; divide the initial events into external events, equipment failures, and human failures, and split them into several discrete failure events according to the complexity as the initial events; different initial events correspond to different independent protection layers;

[0019] Step S3. Conduct data analysis based on the consequences corresponding to the causes of the initial events, identify the independent protection layer LPL in the corresponding scenarios. Multiple event scenarios can be activated by one independent protection layer LPL. The sensors in the function management module of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig detect. When the process conditions or states predetermined by the system deviate, the final control element places the process in a safe state, reduces the risk and loss rate to the minimum, calculates the frequencies of each scenario, and determines the risk reduction factor;

[0020] Step S4. Quantify the average failure probability of the protective layer by using the effectiveness of the independent protective layer, identify the electrical instrument system in the occurrence of dangerous situations and risk analysis, and determine the SIL requirements according to the necessary risk reduction requirements, laying the foundation for SIL level assessment;

[0021] Step S5. Locate SIL into four levels: SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4. The SIL4 level is the highest level. The low-demand operating probability interval of SIL4 is ≥10 -4 ~<10 -3 while the high-demand operating probability interval is ≥10 -8 ~<10 -7 Select different level criteria according to the differences in each scenario. Each level has a high-demand operating mode and a low-demand operating mode;

[0022] Step S6. Theoretically calculate whether the safety instrument function with the determined level can reach the required SIL level, use the Markov matrix method to verify the SIL, and establish a corresponding fault prediction method;

[0023] Step S7. Select no less than 2 typical well sites for empirical research, form an evaluation report, verify the applicability, and at the same time collect feedback opinions to improve the research results and SIL risk level analysis and evaluation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The present invention provides an oil rig electrical instrument management system and method based on SIL analysis. Through the management and analysis of the oil rig electrical instrument system, the management scope scenarios of the oil rig electrical instrument are divided, and the protection layer analysis method is used to perform SIL evaluation. The protection layer analysis method includes the determination of the initial event, which is determined according to the actual use of the equipment, and the independent protection layer is identified according to the determination of the initial event. Since the use scenarios of the oil rig are relatively complex, the scenario screening and evaluation are more refined, and the scenarios are divided into the drilling platform area, the mud pump area, the power area, and the solid control area. Different scenarios correspond to different initial events, and the selection of the initial event is directly related to the final SIL level evaluation. Evaluation, split the initial event into several discrete failure events as the initial event, correspond to different independent protection layers through different initial events, identify the independent protection layer in the scenario according to the principle that the initial cause corresponds to the consequence, and through the setting of independent protection layers, it is beneficial to effectively prevent serious consequences from occurring regardless of whether the initial event or other protection layers are activated, improve the protection capability of the electrical instrument system, introduce and apply the SIL analysis method to the safety and reliability assessment of oil rigs, determine the functional safety key factors that affect the SIL assessment of the electrical instrument system, and establish a SIL rating process suitable for the electrical instrument system of oil rigs, which can effectively improve the system reliability and reduce the system failure rate.

[0026] 2. In the present invention, there are provided a safety instrument protection function assessment and an instrument function safety assessment. The safety instrument protection function assessment assesses the use cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument, thereby improving the protection function and service life of the instrument. In addition, the instrument function safety assessment conducts a safety assessment on the safety and accuracy of the instrument use process, thereby improving the safety of the drilling rig through the safety of the instrument.

[0027] 3. Different levels are divided into different application scenarios by safety integrity. The operation mode can be selected according to different scenarios. The operation mode is divided into low-requirement operation and high-requirement operation. Improving safety integrity is conducive to successfully completing the performance capability and reliability level of electrical instrument functions within the specified state and time period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling rig electrical instrument function management module in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrical instrument safety management module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Example 1

[0032] As a basic implementation mode of the present invention, the present invention includes a petroleum drilling rig electrical instrument management system based on SIL analysis, including a drilling rig electrical instrument function management module and an electrical instrument safety management module. The drilling rig electrical instrument function management module is used to complete the periodic management screening, qualitative analysis, function identification of the electrical instrument system, and determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig electrical instrument. The electrical instrument safety management module is used to determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the drilling rig electrical instrument, screen the scenarios to be evaluated, select the initial events, identify the independent protection layers, determine the average failure probability of each protection layer, calculate the frequency of each scenario, determine the risk reduction factor; and confirm the safety integrity level of the target.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] As a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, the present invention includes a petroleum drilling rig electrical instrument management system based on SIL analysis, including a drilling rig electrical instrument function management module and an electrical instrument safety management module. The drilling rig electrical instrument function management module is used to complete the periodic management screening, qualitative analysis, function identification of the electrical instrument system, and determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig electrical instrument

[0035] Among them, the completion of the periodic management screening of the drilling rig electrical instrument specifically includes: completing function analysis, external condition design for oil exploitation, implementation management of oil exploitation projects, and operation and maintenance. The function analysis specifically refers to instrument function evaluation, including analyzing the service cycle time of the instrument, the service life of the instrument, the operation time of the electrical instrument system, and the cycle frequency of the electrical instrument system. The operation and maintenance specifically refers to: regular maintenance, and establishing a failure database by combining the service cycle of the electrical instrument and the fault data of the instrument during the implementation process of the oil exploitation project.

[0036] The qualitative analysis is used to define the safety integrity of the electrical instrument management system from the function analysis, including safety instrument protection function evaluation, safety instrument control function evaluation, and instrument function safety evaluation. The safety instrument protection function evaluation evaluates the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument, thereby improving the protection function and service life of the instrument. The instrument function safety evaluation is used to conduct a safety evaluation on the safety and accuracy of the instrument during the use process, thereby improving the safety of the drilling rig through the safety of the instrument.

[0037] The electrical instrument safety management module is used to determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the drilling rig electrical instrument, screen the scenarios to be evaluated, select the initial events, identify the independent protection layers, determine the average failure probability of each protection layer, calculate the frequency of each scenario, determine the risk reduction factor; and confirm the safety integrity level of the target.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a method for managing electrical instruments of an oil drilling rig based on SIL analysis, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S1. Conduct a safety cycle screening on the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, evaluate the service life and quality inspection cycle of the instruments, and conduct a safety assessment on the safety and accuracy of the instrument usage process.

[0041] Step S2. Determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management scope of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig, evaluate each scenario to be evaluated one by one, and select an initial event. Determine the final SIL level according to the selection of the initial event; classify the initial events into external events, equipment failures, and human failures, and split them into several discrete failure events according to the complexity as the initial events; different initial events correspond to different independent protection layers.

[0042] Step S3. Conduct data analysis based on the consequences corresponding to the causes of the initial events, identify the independent protection layer LPL in the corresponding scenario. Multiple event scenarios can be activated by one independent protection layer LPL. The sensors in the function management module of the electrical instruments of the drilling rig detect. When the process conditions or states preset in the system deviate, the final control element places the process in a safe state, minimizes the risk and loss rate, calculates the frequency of each scenario, and determines the risk reduction factor.

[0043] Step S4. Quantify the average failure probability of the protection layer using the effectiveness of the independent protection layer, identify the electrical instrument system in the occurrence of dangerous situations and risk analysis, and determine the SIL requirements according to the necessary risk reduction requirements, laying the foundation for SIL level assessment.

[0044] Step S5. Classify SIL into four levels: SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4. The SIL4 level is the highest level. The low-demand operating probability interval of SIL4 is ≥10 -4 ~<10 -3 ,while the high-demand operating probability interval is ≥10 -8 ~<10 -7 ,Select different grade standards according to the differences of each scenario. Each grade has a high-demand operating mode and a low-demand operating mode.

[0045] Step S6. Theoretically calculate whether the safety instrument function with a determined level can reach the required SIL level, use the Markov matrix method to verify SIL, and establish a corresponding fault prediction method.

[0046] Step S7. Select no less than two typical well sites for empirical research, form an evaluation report to verify the applicability, and at the same time collect feedback to improve the research results and the SIL risk level analysis and evaluation.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] As the best implementation mode of the present invention, the present invention includes a petroleum drilling rig electrical instrument management system based on SIL analysis, including a drilling rig electrical instrument function management module and an electrical instrument safety management module. Referring to the attached Figure 1 description, the drilling rig electrical instrument function management module is used to sequentially complete the periodic management screening, qualitative analysis, function identification of the electrical instrument system, and determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig electrical instrument.

[0049] Specifically, completing the periodic management screening of the drilling rig electrical instrument specifically includes: completing function analysis, external condition design for oil extraction, implementation management of oil extraction projects, and operation and maintenance. The function analysis specifically refers to instrument function evaluation, including analyzing the service cycle time of the instrument, the service life of the instrument, the operation time of the electrical instrument system, and the cycle frequency of the electrical instrument system. The external condition design for oil extraction and the implementation management of oil extraction projects refer to: the mechanical design of the oil extraction drilling rig, the oil drilling design, and the implementation of the oil extraction project. The operation and maintenance specifically refer to: regular maintenance, establishing a failure database and professional personnel operation training in combination with the service cycle of the electrical instrument and the fault data of the instrument during the implementation of the oil extraction project.

[0050] The qualitative analysis is used to define the safety integrity of the electrical instrument management system from the function analysis, including safety instrument protection function evaluation, safety instrument control function evaluation, and instrument function safety evaluation. The safety instrument protection function evaluation is used to evaluate the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument, so as to improve the protection function and service life of the instrument. The instrument function safety evaluation is used to conduct a safety evaluation on the safety and accuracy of the instrument during use, so as to improve the safety of the drilling rig through the safety of the instrument.

[0051] The function identification of the electrical instrument system is composed of a sensor, a logic controller, and a final control actuator. The sensor can be connected to a detection unit and is used to detect the system safety when the system conditions and states deviate. The logic controller stores instructions for performing operations such as logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations inside it, and finally the instructions are executed through the final control actuator.

[0052] The determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system includes the following steps:

[0053] a. Conduct periodic management screening on the drilling rig's electrical instruments, perform regular maintenance, evaluate the protection function of safety instruments, assess the service life and quality inspection cycle of the instruments, and conduct safety assessments on the safety and accuracy of the instrument's usage process. Set up sensors, logic controllers, and final control actuators to identify and detect system safety and execute command operations.

[0054] b. Divide into four levels according to industrial standards, with the levels from low to high being SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4.

[0055] c. Each level is divided into high - requirement operations and low - requirement operations according to application requirements and the application scenarios of the drilling rig, and corresponding interval values are assigned to the levels.

[0056] Refer to the appendix of the specification Figure 2 The electrical instrument safety management module is used to determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the drilling rig's electrical instruments; screen the scenarios to be evaluated; select the initial events; identify the independent protection layers, determine the average failure probability of each protection layer; calculate the frequency of each scenario, determine the risk reduction factor; and confirm the safety integrity level of the target.

[0057] Specifically, the working range of the drilling rig specifically includes external events of the drilling rig and human operation failure events, and the management range of the drilling rig's electrical instruments includes drilling rig failure events. The external events of the drilling rig include events such as gas exposure and thunderstorm weather, the drilling rig failure events include events such as mud deposition on the drilling rig table, control area, ground water accumulation, and equipment leakage accidents, and the human operation failure events include events such as the number of operating generator sets and the output voltage and frequency of the drilling rig's diesel generator. The screening of the scenarios to be evaluated includes the power area, mud pump area, drilling area, and solids control area. The working system of the power area includes drilling suspension, the working system of the mud pump area includes mud circulation, the working system of the drilling area includes power device transmission and rotary drilling, and the working system of the solids control area includes control, base, and other auxiliary equipment.

[0058] Through the setting of initial events, the selection of initial events is directly related to the final SIL level. Initial events are divided into three major categories: external events, equipment failures, and human failures. Considering the usage situation, usage, and application scenarios of the drilling rig equipment, there will be certain differences in the selection and frequency of initial events. Specifying the initial events facilitates the evaluation of SIL levels and risk analysis, and improves the safety and reliability of the drilling rig's electrical instrument management system.

[0059] By refining the evaluation scenarios, the complex causes of different scenario events are all different. Therefore, it is split into several discrete failure events as initial events. Among them, failures in the power area, mud pump area, drilling area, and solids control area may be caused by poor performance of suspended mechanical equipment, insufficient drilling pressure, high lifting capacity and rapid speed of refreshing, as well as poor pump pressure and displacement. Risk separation is carried out according to the consequences corresponding to the initial causes. Its core task is to identify the independent protection layers in the scenario. The independent protection layer will effectively prevent the occurrence of serious consequences regardless of whether the initial event or other protection layers act.

[0060] A management method for an oil drilling rig electrical instrument management system based on the above SIL analysis includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S1. Conduct a safety cycle screening on the drilling rig electrical instruments. The safety instrument protection function assessment evaluates the service life cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instruments, judges the service life cycle time of the instruments and the service life of the instruments, and judges whether the operation time of the electrical instrument system is too long and overloaded and the cycle frequency. Regular maintenance is carried out, a failure database is established, and professional personnel operation training is carried out. Combining the production line data and experience of the enterprise itself, and combining the service life cycle and failure data of the electrical instruments, a failure rate database that conforms to the enterprise itself is established.

[0062] The safety instrument protection function assessment evaluates the service life cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instruments. The instrument functional safety assessment is used to conduct a safety assessment on the safety and accuracy of the instrument during use. Sensors, logic controllers, and final control execution elements are set to identify and detect system safety and execute command operations.

[0063] Based on the above cycle management screening results and qualitative analysis results of the drilling rig electrical instruments, the determination of the safety integrity level is completed.

[0064] Step S2. Determine the working range of the drilling rig, determine the management range of the drilling rig electrical instruments, and evaluate each scenario to be evaluated one by one. Each scenario should include at least two elements: the initial event that causes a series of events and the consequences caused by the continuous development of the event. Each scenario should have a unique initial event and its corresponding consequences. When the same initial event leads to different consequences, or multiple initial events lead to the same consequence, multiple scenarios are assumed. In addition to the initial event and consequences, a scenario may also include: enabling events or enabling conditions; failure of protective measures. If the death of users, business or environmental damage is used as the consequence, the scenario may also include some or all of the following factors, or condition correction factors: the possibility of ignition of combustible substances; the probability of personnel appearing in the event impact area; the exposure fatality rate of fire, explosion or release of toxic substances (the possibility of on-site personnel escaping); other possible correction factors.

[0065] Specifically, the scenarios to be evaluated can be divided into the power area, mud pump area, drilling platform area and solid control area. After different scenarios are distinguished and confirmed, the initial events are selected according to different scenarios, and the final SIL level is determined based on the selection of the initial events. The initial events are divided into external events, equipment failures and human failures, and are split into several discrete failure events as initial events according to the complexity.

[0066] Among them, the external events may include natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, mudslides and landslides; plane crashes; major accidents near factories; sabotage or terrorist activities; lightning strikes and external fires; and other external events. The equipment failure may include: control system failure, mechanical system failure, utility failure, and other failures. The control system failure may include component failure, software failure, and control support system failure (such as power system, instrument air system). The mechanical system failure may include: container or pipeline failure caused by wear, fatigue or corrosion; container or pipeline failure caused by design, technical regulations or manufacturing / fabrication defects; container or pipeline failure caused by overpressure (such as thermal expansion, pigging / purging) or low pressure failure (such as vacuum); failure caused by vibration (such as rotating equipment); failure caused by imperfect maintenance / repair (including the use of inappropriate substitute materials); failure caused by high or low temperature, and brittle fracture; failure caused by turbulence or water hammer; failure caused by internal explosion, decomposition or other failure reactions; and other mechanical system failures. The human failure may include: failure to correctly observe or respond to given conditions or other prompts; failure to perform task steps in the correct order; failure to operate according to operating procedures (such as accidental opening / closing); maintenance errors; and other behavioral failures.

[0067] Different initial events correspond to different independent protection layers. If device failure is set as the initial event, it corresponds to the corresponding independent protection layer.

[0068] Step S3. Perform data analysis based on the consequences corresponding to the initial event cause, identify the independent protection layer LPL in the corresponding scenario, multiple event scenarios can be initiated by an independent protection layer LPL, the sensors in the drilling rig electrical instrument function management module are detected, and the logic controller finally puts the process in a safe state when the system's predetermined process conditions or states deviate, minimizes the danger and loss rate, calculates the frequency of each scenario, and determines the risk reduction factor.

[0069] Step S4: quantify the average failure probability of the protection layer using the effectiveness of the independent protection layer.

[0070] Identify electrical instrument systems in hazardous situations and risk analysis, determine SIL requirements based on necessary risk reduction requirements, and lay the foundation for SIL level assessment.

[0071] Step S5. Locate the SIL into four levels: SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4. The SIL4 level is the highest. The low-demand operating probability interval of SIL4 is ≥10 -4 ~<10 -3 while the high-demand operating probability interval is ≥10 -8 ~<10 -7 . Select different level criteria according to different scenarios. Each level has a high-demand operating mode and a low-demand operating mode.

[0072] Step S6. Conduct theoretical calculations on whether the safety instrument function at the determined level can reach the required SIL level. Use the Markov matrix method to verify the SIL and establish a corresponding fault prediction method.

[0073] Step S7. Select no less than 2 typical well sites for empirical research, form an evaluation report, verify the applicability, and at the same time collect feedback opinions to improve the research results and SIL risk level analysis and evaluation.

[0074] Among them, the implementation process of SIL grading calculation for the risk scenarios of oil rigs is as follows:

[0075] The risk reduction amount required to reduce the risk of the dangerous events evaluated for the oil rig below the target risk upper limit is a functional relationship between the probability of failure on demand and the safety function loop, that is, PFD SIF . If the event likelihood is the product of the initial event likelihood, the PFD likelihood of each independent protection layer, and the consequence likelihood, then PFD SIF can be calculated by the following formula:

[0076] PFD SIF = (Consequence Acceptable Frequency / Accident Occurrence Frequency)

[0077] Among them, the calculation of the occurrence frequency of the scenario is shown in Equation (1):

[0078]

[0079] In the formula:

[0080] f i C ——The occurrence frequency of the consequence C of the initial event i, unit: / a;

[0081] f i I ——The occurrence frequency of the initial event i, unit: / a;

[0082] PFD ij ——The PFD of the jth IPL that prevents the consequence C from occurring in the initial event i.

[0083] When calculating the scenario frequency, the scenario frequency can be corrected as needed, as shown in Equations (2) to (6):

[0084] a) When there is an enabling event or condition:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula:

[0087] f i E —— The probability of the enabling event or condition occurring;

[0088] b) The frequencies of different consequence scenarios are corrected using the ignition probability, personnel exposure, and probability of specific harm:

[0089] 1) The frequency of a fire occurring:

[0090]

[0091] In the formula:

[0092] P ig —— The ignition probability;

[0093] 2) The frequency of personnel being exposed to a fire:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula:

[0096] P ex —— The personnel exposure probability;

[0097] 3) The frequency of personnel being injured by a fire:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula:

[0100] P d —— The probability of personnel being injured or killed;

[0101] 4) For the toxic effect, the frequency equation of personnel harm is similar to the fire harm equation. The toxic effect does not require an ignition probability, and Equation (5) becomes:

[0102]

[0103] Among them, the safety integrity level depends on the amount of risk reduction that the safety function loop must achieve to reach an acceptable risk level. Compare the calculated PFD SIF with the required failure probability PFD in Table 1 below to obtain the safety integrity level. The target risk reduction factor RRF is the reciprocal of the required failure probability PFD.

[0104] Table 1 SIL Rating Comparison Table

[0105]

[0106] In summary, after reading the present invention document, all other corresponding transformation schemes that can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative mental labor according to the technical solutions and technical concepts of the present invention fall within the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis, characterized in that: It includes a drilling rig electrical instrument function management module and an electrical instrument safety management module; The drilling rig electrical instrument function management module is used to complete the periodic management screening, qualitative analysis, function identification of the electrical instrument system, and determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system of the drilling rig; the electrical instrument safety management module is used to determine the working range of the drilling rig and the management range of the drilling rig electrical instruments, screen the scenarios to be evaluated, select the initial events, identify the independent protection layers, determine the average failure probability of each protection layer, calculate the frequency of each scenario, and determine the risk reduction factor; Confirm the safety integrity level of the target.

2. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Completing the periodic management screening of the drilling rig electrical instruments specifically includes: completing function analysis, external condition design for oil extraction, implementation management of oil extraction projects, and operation and maintenance; the function analysis specifically refers to instrument function evaluation, including analyzing the service cycle time of the instrument, the service life of the instrument, the operation time of the electrical instrument system, and the cycle frequency of the electrical instrument system; the operation and maintenance specifically refers to: regular maintenance, and establishing a failure database by combining the service cycle of the electrical instrument and the instrument failure data during the implementation process of the oil extraction project.

3. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The qualitative analysis is used to define the safety integrity of the electrical instrument management system from the function analysis, including safety instrument protection function evaluation, safety instrument control function evaluation, and instrument functional safety evaluation; The safety instrument protection function evaluation is used to evaluate the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument; The instrument functional safety evaluation is used to conduct a safety evaluation of the safety and accuracy during the use process of the instrument.

4. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The function identification of the electrical instrument system consists of a sensor, a logic controller, and a final control actuator; the sensor is used to detect the system safety when the system conditions and states deviate, and the logic controller stores operation instructions for performing logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations inside it, and finally the instructions are executed through the final control actuator.

5. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determination of the safety integrity level of the electrical instrument system includes the following steps: a. Conduct periodic management screening on the drilling rig electrical instruments, perform regular maintenance, evaluate the service cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instrument through the safety instrument protection function evaluation, conduct a safety evaluation of the safety and accuracy during the use process of the instrument through the instrument functional safety evaluation, and set up a sensor, a logic controller, and a final control actuator to identify and detect the system safety and execute the instruction operations; b. Divide the safety integrity of the electrical instrument system into four levels, and the levels are divided from low to high as SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4; c. Each level is divided into high-demand operations and low-demand operations according to the application requirements and the application scenarios of the drilling rig, and the corresponding interval values are divided for the levels.

6. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The working scope of the rig specifically includes external events of the rig and failure events of manual operations. The management scope of the electrical instruments of the rig includes rig failure events; the external events of the rig include events of gas exposure and thunderstorm weather; the rig failure events include events such as mud deposition on the rig table, in the control area, water accumulation on the ground, and equipment leakage accidents; the failure events of manual operations include events of the number of operating generator sets and the output voltage and frequency of the diesel generator of the rig.

7. The electrical instrument management system for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scenarios to be evaluated include the power area, mud pump area, drill area, and solids control area; the working system of the power area includes drilling suspension, the working system of the mud pump area includes mud circulation, the working system of the drill area includes power unit transmission and rotary drilling, and the working system of the solids control area includes control, base, and other auxiliary equipment.

8. An electrical instrument management method for oil drilling rigs based on SIL analysis, characterized in that: it includes the following steps: Step S1. Conduct a safety cycle screening on the electrical instruments of the rig, evaluate the service life cycle and quality inspection cycle of the instruments, and conduct a safety assessment on the safety and accuracy of the instrument use process to complete the determination of the safety integrity level; Step S2. Determine the working scope of the rig and the management scope of the electrical instruments of the rig, conduct individual evaluations on the scenarios to be evaluated, and select the initial events. Determine the final SIL level based on the selection of the initial events; classify the initial events into external events, equipment failures, and human failures, and break them down into several discrete failure events as the initial events according to the complexity; different initial events correspond to different independent protection layers; Step S3. Conduct data analysis based on the consequences corresponding to the causes of the initial events, identify the independent protection layer LPL in the corresponding scenarios. Multiple event scenarios can be activated by one independent protection layer LPL. The sensors in the functional management module of the electrical instruments of the rig detect. When the process conditions or states predetermined by the system deviate, the final control element places the process in a safe state, reduces the risk and loss rate to the minimum, calculates the frequencies of each scenario, and determines the risk reduction factor; Step S4. Quantify the average failure probability of the protection layer using the effectiveness of the independent protection layer, identify the electrical instrument system in the occurrence of dangerous situations and risk analysis, and determine the SIL requirements according to the necessary risk reduction requirements, laying the foundation for the SIL level assessment; Step S5. Locate SIL into four levels: SIL1, SIL2, SIL3, and SIL4. The SIL4 level is the highest. The low-demand operating probability interval for SIL4 is ≥10 -4 ~<10 -3 , while the high-demand operating probability interval is ≥10 -8 ~<10 -7 . Select different level criteria according to different scenarios. Each level has both high-demand and low-demand operating modes; Step S6. Conduct theoretical calculations on whether the safety instrument function with the determined level can reach the required SIL level, use the Markov matrix method to verify the SIL, and establish the corresponding fault prediction method; Step S7. Select no less than 2 typical well sites for empirical research, form an evaluation report, verify the applicability, and at the same time collect feedback opinions to improve the research results and SIL risk level analysis and evaluation.

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