Cold drawing process and device for long high-strength metal profile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal profile machining, in particular to a cold drawing process and device for a long high-strength metal profile, and the cold drawing process comprises the following steps: performing head making treatment on the end part of a preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing; the preformed material is conveyed to a drawing die through a guide and guard device, and a manufacturing head sequentially penetrates through a feeding straightening mechanism, at least one forming die assembly and a discharging straightening mechanism which are arranged at intervals; the clamp mechanism is used for firmly clamping the manufactured head penetrating out of the discharging straightening mechanism; power is provided for the clamp mechanism through the drawing driving mechanism, the clamp mechanism is driven to move in the drawing direction, and continuous drawing of materials is achieved. By keeping centering and stability of materials, the size precision and surface quality of finished products are improved, the service life of the mold is prolonged, the mold replacement and maintenance frequency is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the mold centering debugging time is shortened, the continuity and stability of a production line are improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal profile processing, and particularly relates to a cold drawing process and device for long high-strength metal profiles. Background Art

[0002] When manufacturing U-shaped profiles, an appropriate processing technology needs to be selected considering the comprehensive factors of the cross-sectional size, hardness, and strength of the material. For materials with a relatively small cross-sectional size, generally referring to materials with a width of less than 20 mm × 8 mm, coil materials can be used and produced by the cold roll drawing process. For materials with a large cross-sectional size, that is, materials with a length and width of more than 20 mm × 8 mm, long materials are used, and the length of the long materials is generally more than 2000 mm, and they are produced by the fixed die cold drawing process.

[0003] In the prior art, the fixed die cold drawing process is mostly used to manufacture U-shaped profiles. The head of the material is processed, and the material is passed through a fixed die. The exposed head part is clamped by the jaws for cold drawing. However, the following technical problems occur during the production process:

[0004] First, it is difficult to accurately adjust the relative positions of the raw material with the fixed die and the jaws in the guiding device to the same center line, resulting in a coaxiality deviation. This deviation will cause two consequences: 1. The material accumulates unilaterally at the entrance of the die, causing local stress concentration, leading to premature wear or rupture of the die; 2. When the clamping position of the jaws is offset, the material is subjected to excessive unilateral force during the drawing process, resulting in scratch defects.

[0005] Second, due to the centering adjustment relying on manual repeated calibration, each time the die is changed or the equipment is restarted, it takes several hours to debug, resulting in a shortened effective operation time of the equipment, an extended production cycle, and an increased labor cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold drawing process and device for long high-strength metal profiles, which improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the finished product by maintaining the centering and stability of the material, extend the service life of the die, reduce the frequency of die replacement and maintenance, reduce production costs, shorten the die centering debugging time, improve the continuity and stability of the production line, and improve production efficiency. The present invention is applicable to the cold drawing processing of long materials of various high-strength metal profiles, and has wide applicability and application prospects.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles, including the following steps:

[0009] S10. Head processing step: Process the end of the preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing;

[0010] S20. Material conveying step: The preformed material is conveyed to the drawing die through the guide device, and the head of the workpiece passes through the feeding straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence; wherein, the feeding straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die assembly in a straight and horizontal posture; the forming die assembly extrudes the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; the discharging straightening mechanism straightens the formed finished product to ensure that the finished product maintains a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die.

[0011] S30. Clamping step: The clamp mechanism is used to firmly clamp the head of the workpiece passing through the discharging straightening mechanism.

[0012] S40. Continuous drawing step: The drawing driving mechanism provides power for the clamp mechanism to drive it to move along the drawing direction, realizing the continuous drawing of the material.

[0013] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an optional embodiment, the specific operation of step S20 is as follows:

[0014] First, adjust the feeding straightening mechanism, the forming die assembly, and the discharging straightening mechanism of the drawing die so that the feeding straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging straightening through-hole are respectively at a suitable distance, so that the head of the preformed material can pass through smoothly.

[0015] Then, the preformed material is conveyed to the drawing die through the guide device, and the head of the workpiece passes through the feeding straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence.

[0016] When the front end of the head of the workpiece passes through the drawing die and extends into the jaws of the clamp mechanism, adjust the feeding straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging straightening through-hole to the preset distance to ensure that the central axes of the through-holes are on the same horizontal axis.

[0017] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an optional embodiment, before step S10, a pretreatment step is further included: The raw material is successively subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment, and lubrication treatment to obtain the preformed material.

[0018] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an optional embodiment, the spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: The material is put into the furnace at 500 - 700 °C, heated to 900 - 1050 °C and held for 1 - 3 h after 3 - 5 h of temperature rise, then the temperature of the material is reduced to 700 - 800 °C in 9 - 16 h, held for 1 - 3 h, and then the temperature is reduced to 500 - 650 °C in 1 - 4 h. Finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature.

[0019] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an alternative embodiment, the surface treatment includes removing the scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material through a sandblasting process, wherein the sandblasting particle size is 80-120 mesh alumina or steel sand.

[0020] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an alternative embodiment, the lubrication treatment includes coating graphite to reduce the frictional resistance during subsequent drawing processes.

[0021] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an alternative embodiment, in step S40, the continuous drawing step, the drawing speed is 8-10 m / min. When there are two or more sets of forming die assemblies, the unilateral reduction amount for each pass is ≤0.2 mm.

[0022] In the first aspect of the present invention, as an alternative embodiment, there is a gap less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the feeding straightening through-hole, and there is a gap less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the discharging straightening through-hole.

[0023] The present invention also provides a cold drawing device, which includes a guide device, a drawing die, a clamp mechanism, and a drawing drive mechanism arranged in sequence along the drawing direction;

[0024] The drawing die includes a feeding straightening mechanism with a feeding straightening through-hole, at least one set of forming die assemblies with forming through-holes, and a discharging straightening mechanism with a discharging straightening through-hole, which are arranged at intervals in sequence along the drawing direction; the central axes of the feeding straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging straightening through-hole are located on the same horizontal axis;

[0025] The guide device is used to convey the preformed material to the feeding straightening mechanism of the drawing die, so that the head of the preformed material sequentially passes through the feeding straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging straightening mechanism and extends outwards;

[0026] The clamp mechanism is used to clamp or loosen the head of the preformed material;

[0027] The drawing drive mechanism is used to drive the clamp mechanism to move along the drawing direction.

[0028] In the second aspect of the present invention, as an alternative embodiment, the drawing die includes a die base, and an installation cavity penetrating through its front and rear sides is formed on the die base:

[0029] The feeding straightening mechanism includes a first template installed at the front end of the installation cavity, and the feeding straightening through-hole is formed on the first template;

[0030] The forming die assembly includes a second template installed in the middle of the installation cavity and four forming roller assemblies; a drawing cavity is formed inside the second template; the four forming roller assemblies are respectively installed on the upper side, lower side, left side and right side of the drawing cavity; a forming through hole is enclosed among the four forming roller assemblies;

[0031] The discharging and straightening mechanism includes a third template installed at the rear end of the installation cavity, and the discharging and straightening through hole is formed on the third template.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] Through the straightening effects of the feeding straightening mechanism and the discharging straightening mechanism, the process of the present invention ensures that the material always maintains centricity during the forming process, improves the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the finished product. Since the material always maintains centricity during the forming process, the mold is evenly stressed, reducing the mold wear caused by material skew or distortion, extending the service life of the mold, and significantly shortening the centering debugging time. In addition, when the clamping mechanism clamps the head of the preformed material, due to the slight differences in actual operation and the accuracy limitations of mechanical components, there will inevitably be slight deviations in the position where the jaws bite. The present invention designs a discharging straightening mechanism after the forming die assembly, and its main function is to ensure that the material can maintain a straight and horizontal state after being pulled out from the forming die assembly. When the clamping mechanism clamps the head and starts drawing, even if there is a slight deviation in the position where the jaws bite, during the process of the material passing through the forming die assembly, due to the straightening effect of the discharging straightening mechanism, the material can still maintain a stable straight state. This straightening effect of the discharging straightening mechanism can not only correct the slight bending or offset that may occur during the forming process of the material, but also effectively offset the influence brought by the jaw bite deviation. This means that even if there is a deviation in the jaw bite position, the material can still be evenly processed and formed within the range of the forming die assembly, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of the drawing forming. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the cold drawing process of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the drawing die of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the drawing die of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding straightening mechanism, the forming die assembly and the discharging straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the feeding straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is the front view of the feeding and straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is an enlarged schematic view of the feeding and straightening through-hole of the feeding and straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural view of the feeding roller assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural view of the forming die assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 It is the front view of the forming die assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 It is an enlarged schematic view of the forming through-hole of the forming die assembly of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural view of the forming roller assembly of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural view of the discharging and straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 14 It is the front view of the discharging and straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 15 It is an enlarged schematic view of the discharging and straightening through-hole of the discharging and straightening mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 It is a schematic structural view of the discharging roller assembly of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17 It is a schematic structural view of the cross-section comparison of the preformed material and the finished profile of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 It is a schematic structural view of the cold drawing device of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure:

[0053] 100, drawing die;

[0054] 110, die base; 111, installation cavity;

[0055] 120, feeding and straightening mechanism; 1201, feeding and straightening through-hole; 121, first template; 1211, accommodating cavity; 122, feeding roller assembly; 1221, feeding roller; 1222, first connecting seat; 1223, first adjusting mechanism;

[0056] 130. Forming die assembly; 1301. Forming through hole; 131. Second template; 1311. Drawing cavity; 132. Forming roller assembly; 1321. Forming roller; 1322. Second connecting seat; 1323. Second adjusting mechanism;

[0057] 140. Discharging and straightening mechanism; 1401. Discharging and straightening through hole; 141. Third template; 1411. Accommodating cavity; 142. Discharging roller assembly; 1421. Discharging roller; 1422. Third connecting seat; 1423. Third adjusting mechanism;

[0058] 200. Guide device;

[0059] 300. Clamping mechanism;

[0060] 400. Drawing driving mechanism;

[0061] 500. Preformed material;

[0062] 600. Finished profile. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, any combination can be formed between the following described embodiments or technical features to form a new embodiment. Except for special instructions, the materials and equipment used in this embodiment can be purchased from the market.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 1 , the first aspect of the present invention provides a cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles, including the following steps:

[0065] S10. Head-making treatment step: Perform head-making treatment on the end of the preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing;

[0066] S20. Material conveying step: Convey the preformed material to the drawing die through the guide device, and make the head sequentially pass through the feeding and straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging and straightening mechanism arranged at intervals; wherein, the feeding and straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die assembly in a straight and horizontal posture; the forming die assembly extrudes the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; the discharging and straightening mechanism straightens the formed finished product to ensure that the finished product maintains a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die;

[0067] S30. Clamping step: Firmly clamp the head passing through the discharging and straightening mechanism by using the clamping mechanism;

[0068] S40. Continuous drawing step: The drawing driving mechanism provides power for the clamp mechanism to drive it to move in the drawing direction, realizing the continuous drawing of the material.

[0069] On the basis of the above solution, the process of the present invention ensures the neutrality of the material throughout the forming process through the straightening effects of the feeding straightening mechanism and the discharging straightening mechanism, improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the finished product. Since the material remains neutral throughout the forming process, the mold is uniformly stressed, reducing mold wear caused by material skew or distortion, extending the service life of the mold, and significantly shortening the centering debugging time. In addition, when the clamp mechanism clamps the head of the preformed material, due to the slight differences in actual operations and the accuracy limitations of mechanical components, there will inevitably be a slight deviation in the position where the jaws bite. The present invention designs a discharging straightening mechanism after the forming die assembly, whose main function is to ensure that the material can maintain a straight and horizontal state after being pulled out from the forming die assembly. When the clamp mechanism clamps the head and starts drawing, even if there is a slight deviation in the position where the jaws bite, the material can still maintain a stable straight state during the process of passing through the forming die assembly due to the straightening effect of the discharging straightening mechanism. This straightening effect of the discharging straightening mechanism can not only correct the slight bending or offset that may occur during the forming process of the material, but also effectively offset the influence brought by the jaw biting deviation. This means that even if there is a deviation in the jaw biting position, the material can still be uniformly processed and formed within the range of the forming die assembly, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of the drawing forming.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment, the specific operation of step S20 is as follows:

[0071] First, adjust the feeding straightening mechanism, the forming die assembly, and the discharging straightening mechanism of the drawing die so that the feeding straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging straightening through-hole are respectively at a suitable spacing to enable the head of the preformed material to pass through smoothly;

[0072] Then, convey the preformed material to the drawing die through the guiding device and make the head pass through the spaced feeding straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging straightening mechanism in sequence;

[0073] When the front end of the head passes through the drawing die and extends into the jaws of the clamp mechanism, adjust the feeding straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging straightening through-hole to the preset spacing to ensure that the central axes of the through-holes are on the same horizontal axis.

[0074] On the basis of the above solution, according to the specifications and drawing requirements of the preformed material, adjust the spacing between the through-holes so that the head can pass through these through-holes smoothly and without obstruction. Ensure that the inner diameter of each through-hole matches the diameter of the preformed material to avoid unnecessary extrusion or deformation of the material during the passing process.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, before step S10, a pretreatment step is further included: the raw material is sequentially subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment and lubrication treatment to obtain a preformed material.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, the spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: the material is put into the furnace at 500-700 °C, heated to 900-1050 °C and held for 1-3 h after 3-5 h of heating, then the material temperature is reduced to 700-800 °C in 9-16 h, after holding for 1-3 h, the temperature is reduced to 500-650 °C in 1-4 h, and finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature.

[0077] On the basis of the above scheme, since stainless steel SUS440C is completely austenitized at a high temperature of 900-1050 °C, the carbide is partially dissolved, and the undissolved carbide exists in the form of particles on the austenite matrix. After cooling to 800-700 °C and holding for 1-3 h, these high-temperature undissolved carbides will grow as the nuclei of nucleation, thus completing the spheroidization process. The spheroidizing annealing treatment makes the structure fully spheroidized and softened, reduces the hardness, improves the cold drawing performance (i.e., deformation plasticity) of the material, and facilitates the next roll-drawing deformation of the material.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment, the surface treatment includes: removing the oxide scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material by sandblasting process, wherein the sandblasting particle size is 80-120 mesh alumina or steel sand.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment, the lubrication treatment includes coating graphite to reduce the frictional resistance in the subsequent drawing process.

[0080] As a preferred embodiment, in S40, the continuous drawing step, the drawing speed is 8-10 m / min, and when there are two or more sets of forming die assemblies, the unilateral reduction amount of each pass is ≤0.2 mm.

[0081] As a preferred embodiment, there is a gap less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the feeding straightening through hole, and there is a gap less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the discharging straightening through hole.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment, a gap less than or equal to 10 mm is formed between any two of the feeding straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die assemblies and the discharging straightening mechanism. In this way, it not only helps to dissipate the heat generated by the die, reduce the thermal stress and wear, and extend the service life of the die, but also ensures that the material obtains sufficient support during the flowing process and will not sag or deform under the action of gravity.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 2 - 18, the second aspect of the present invention further provides a cold drawing device, which includes a guiding device 200, a drawing die 100, a clamping mechanism 300, and a drawing driving mechanism 400 arranged in sequence along the drawing direction;

[0084] The drawing die includes a feeding and straightening mechanism with a feeding and straightening through-hole, at least one set of forming die assemblies with forming through-holes, and a discharging and straightening mechanism with a discharging and straightening through-hole, which are arranged at intervals in sequence along the drawing direction; the central axes of the feeding and straightening through-hole, the forming through-hole, and the discharging and straightening through-hole are located on the same horizontal axis;

[0085] The guiding device 200 is used to convey the preformed material to the feeding and straightening mechanism 120 of the drawing die 100, so that the head of the preformed material sequentially passes through the feeding and straightening mechanism 120, at least one set of forming die assemblies 130, and the discharging and straightening mechanism 140 and extends outwards;

[0086] The clamping mechanism 300 is used to clamp or loosen the head of the preformed material;

[0087] The drawing driving mechanism 400 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 300 to move along the drawing direction.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, the drawing die 100 includes a die base 110, and an installation cavity 111 penetrating its front and rear sides is formed on the die base 110:

[0089] The feeding and straightening mechanism 120 includes a first template 121 installed at the front end of the installation cavity 111, and a feeding and straightening through-hole 1201 is formed on the first template 121;

[0090] At least one set of forming die assemblies 130, the forming die assemblies 130 include a second template 131 installed in the middle of the installation cavity 111, and four forming roller assemblies 132; a drawing cavity 1311 is formed inside the second template 131; the four forming roller assemblies 132 are respectively installed on the upper side, lower side, left side, and right side of the drawing cavity 1311; a forming through-hole 1301 is formed by enclosing between the four forming roller assemblies 132;

[0091] The discharging and straightening mechanism 140, the discharging and straightening mechanism 140 includes a third template 141 installed at the rear end of the installation cavity 111, and a discharging and straightening through-hole 1401 is formed on the third template 141.

[0092] Based on the above structure, the feeding straightening mechanism 120 of the present invention straightens the raw materials entering the mold through the feeding straightening through-hole 1201 to ensure that the materials can maintain the correct posture (enter horizontally in a straight line) and shape when entering the forming mold assembly 130. The discharging straightening mechanism 140 straightens the finished products after drawing forming to ensure that the finished products are also horizontal in a straight line when leaving the mold. The combined action of these two mechanisms enables the part of the material in the forming mold assembly 130 to always maintain neutrality, thereby ensuring the uniformity of forming. Since the material always maintains neutrality during the forming process, uneven force on the mold caused by material skew or distortion is avoided. The mold with uniform force has less wear during long-term use, thereby extending the service life of the mold. The presence of the feeding straightening mechanism 120 and the discharging straightening mechanism 140 makes it easier to ensure the neutrality of the material in the mold. This means that during the mold debugging process, not much time needs to be spent on adjusting the neutrality of the material, thereby greatly shortening the debugging time and improving the production efficiency. In this way, product accuracy within ±0.05 mm can be achieved, and it can be applied to high-strength materials with a cross-sectional size larger than 20 mm × 8 mm, such as stainless steel SUS440C, bearing steel (GCr15), and titanium alloy (TC4).

[0093] Since the feeding straightening mechanism and the discharging straightening mechanism are not subject to large forces, their materials are generally alloy steels, such as SKD61 and bearing steel. Since the forming mold assembly is subject to large forces and has high requirements for the mold quality, the material can be selected as high-speed steel or hard alloy steel.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drawing cavity 1311 is a cross-shaped second through-hole, and the second through-hole includes second through-grooves respectively facing the four directions of up, down, left, and right; the four forming roller assemblies 132 are respectively installed in the four second through-grooves;

[0095] The forming roller assembly 132 includes a forming roller 1321, a second connecting seat 1322, and a second adjusting mechanism 1323; the forming roller 1321 is rotatably installed on the second connecting seat 1322, the second connecting seat 1322 is slidably installed in the drawing cavity 1311, the second adjusting mechanism 1323 is connected to the second connecting seat 1322, and the second adjusting mechanism 1323 is used to drive the second connecting seat 1322 and the forming roller 1321 to slide along the length direction of the second through-groove.

[0096] Based on the above structure, the cross-shaped drawing cavity 1311 of the present invention is designed such that the four forming roller assemblies 132 can clamp and draw the raw material from four directions: up, down, left, and right. This multi-directional clamping method helps to ensure uniform stress on the raw material during the drawing process, thereby improving the forming accuracy. The forming roller 1321 in the forming roller assembly 132 is rotatably mounted on the second connecting seat 1322, and the second connecting seat 1322 is slidably mounted in the drawing cavity 1311. This design enables the forming roller assembly 132 to replace the forming roller 1321 with a suitable shape and size according to the shape and size of the raw material to adapt to different drawing requirements. The second adjusting mechanism 1323 is connected to the second connecting seat 1322 and is used to drive the second connecting seat 1322 and the forming roller 1321 to slide along the length direction of the through slot. This design allows the position of the forming roller assembly 132 to be conveniently adjusted during the die debugging process to achieve the best drawing effect. At the same time, during the die maintenance process, the forming roller assembly 132 can also be easily disassembled and replaced.

[0097] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second adjusting mechanism 1323 is a second lead screw. One end of the second lead screw passes through the second template 131 and is threadedly connected to the second connecting seat 1322. By rotating the second lead screw, the second connecting seat 1322 and the forming roller 1321 are driven to slide in the second through slot.

[0098] Based on the above structure, when the position of the forming roller 1321 needs to be adjusted, the operator can use tools (such as wrenches, screwdrivers, etc.) or directly turn the second lead screw by hand. Due to the threaded fit between the second lead screw and the second connecting seat 1322, relative movement will occur when the second lead screw is rotated. Specifically, the rotational movement of the second lead screw will be converted into a linear movement of the second connecting seat 1322 along the axial direction of the second lead screw. This relative movement drives the second connecting seat 1322 and the forming roller 1321 fixed thereon to slide in the second through slot along the axial direction of the second lead screw. By controlling the rotation direction and the number of turns of the second lead screw, the position of the forming roller 1321 in the second through slot can be accurately adjusted.

[0099] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding and straightening mechanism 120 further includes four feeding roller assemblies 122; an accommodation cavity 1211 is formed inside the first template 121; the four feeding roller assemblies 122 are respectively mounted on the upper side, lower side, left side, and right side of the accommodation cavity 1211; a feeding and straightening through hole 1201 is formed by enclosing the four feeding roller assemblies 122.

[0100] Based on the above structure, when the raw material enters the mold, it first comes into contact with the four feeding roller assemblies 122. These four feeding roller assemblies 122 apply a certain pressure to the raw material through rotation, causing it to advance along the center line of the feeding straightening through-hole 1201. Since the four feeding roller assemblies 122 are respectively located in the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the through-hole, they can correct the raw material simultaneously. If the raw material is bent or skewed before entering the mold, the resultant force of the four feeding roller assemblies 122 will gradually restore it to a straight state. In this way, through the collaborative work of the four feeding roller assemblies 122, this feeding straightening mechanism 120 realizes the precise straightening and stable conveying of the raw material, providing a strong guarantee for the subsequent drawing and forming process.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the accommodating cavity 1211 is a cross-shaped first through-hole, and the first through-hole includes first through-grooves respectively facing the four directions of up, down, left, and right; the four feeding roller assemblies 122 are respectively installed in the four first through-grooves;

[0102] The feeding roller assembly 122 includes a feeding roller 1221, a first connecting seat 1222, and a first adjusting mechanism 1223; the feeding roller 1221 is rotatably installed on the first connecting seat 1222, the first connecting seat 1222 is slidably installed in the first through-groove, the first adjusting mechanism 1223 is connected to the first connecting seat 1222, and the first adjusting mechanism 1223 is used to drive the first connecting seat 1222 and the feeding roller 1221 to slide along the length direction of the first through-groove.

[0103] In this way, through the design of the cross-shaped first through-hole, the feeding roller 1221, the first connecting seat 1222, and the first adjusting mechanism 1223, the present invention realizes the flexible feeding of the raw material from four directions and the continuous and stable conveying. At the same time, through the precise adjustment of the first adjusting mechanism 1223, it adapts to raw materials of different sizes and shapes, improving the versatility and flexibility of the equipment.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first adjusting mechanism 1223 is a first lead screw, one end of the first lead screw passes through the first template 121 and is connected to the first connecting seat 1222, and by rotating the first lead screw, the first connecting seat 1222 and the feeding roller 1221 are driven to slide in the first through-groove.

[0105] Based on the above structure, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the feeding roller 1221, the operator can use tools (such as wrenches, screwdrivers, etc.) or directly turn the first lead screw by hand. Due to the threaded fit between the first lead screw and the first connecting seat 1222, relative movement will occur when the first lead screw is turned. Specifically, the rotational movement of the first lead screw will be converted into a linear movement of the first connecting seat 1222 along the axial direction of the first lead screw. This relative movement drives the second connecting seat and the feeding roller 1221 fixed thereon to slide along the axial direction of the first lead screw in the first through groove. By controlling the rotation direction and the number of turns of the first lead screw, the position of the forming roller 1321 in the first through groove can be accurately adjusted.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharging and straightening mechanism 140 further includes four discharging roller assemblies 142; a receiving cavity 1411 is formed inside the third template 141; the four discharging roller assemblies 142 are respectively installed on the upper side, lower side, left side, and right side of the receiving cavity 1411; a discharging and straightening through hole 1401 is formed by enclosing between the four discharging roller assemblies 142.

[0107] Based on the above structure, after the raw material passes through processing links such as the forming die assembly 130, it enters the discharging and straightening mechanism 140. When the raw material passes through the discharging and straightening through hole 1401, it is supported and straightened by the four discharging roller assemblies 142. The rotation and position adjustment of the discharging roller assemblies 142 enable the raw material to pass through the discharging and straightening through hole 1401 in a straight state.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the receiving cavity 1411 is a cross-shaped third through hole, and the third through hole includes third through grooves respectively facing the four directions of up, down, left, and right; the four discharging roller assemblies 142 are respectively installed in the four third through grooves;

[0109] The discharging roller assembly 142 includes a discharging roller 1421, a third connecting seat 1422, and a third adjusting mechanism 1423; the discharging roller 1421 is rotatably installed on the third connecting seat 1422, the third connecting seat 1422 is slidably installed in the third through groove, the third adjusting mechanism 1423 is connected to the third connecting seat 1422, and the third adjusting mechanism 1423 is used to drive the third connecting seat 1422 and the discharging roller 1421 to slide along the length direction of the third through groove.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third adjusting mechanism 1423 is a third lead screw, one end of the third lead screw passes through the third template 141 and is connected to the third connecting seat 1422, and the third connecting seat 1422 and the discharging roller 1421 are driven to slide in the third through groove by turning the third lead screw. The adjustment principle of the third adjusting mechanism 1423 is the same as that of the first adjusting mechanism 1223 and the second adjusting mechanism 1323.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape and size of the feeding straightening through-hole 1201 match those of the preformed material 500, the shape and size of the forming through-hole 1301 match those of the finished profile 600, and the shape and size of the discharging straightening through-hole 1401 match those of the finished profile 600. Thus, by ensuring that the feeding, clamping, and discharging through-holes match the shape and size of the material or the finished product, the forming accuracy of the finished product can be significantly improved.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the forming through-hole 1301 is U-shaped or H-shaped.

[0113] When the finished profile 600 with a U-shaped cross-section needs to be processed, a circumferential annular protrusion is formed in the middle of the outer surface of the upper feeding roller 1221, and the outer surfaces of the lower and left and right feeding rollers 1221 are flat. Thus, a U-shaped imitation feeding straightening through-hole 1201 is formed by enclosing among the four feeding rollers 1221 in the up, down, left, and right directions; a circumferential annular protrusion is formed on the outer surface of the upper forming roller 1321 along the circumference, and the outer surfaces of the lower and left and right forming rollers 1321 are flat. Thus, a U-shaped forming through-hole 1301 is formed by enclosing among the four forming rollers 1321 in the up, down, left, and right directions; a circumferential annular protrusion is formed in the middle of the outer surface of the upper discharging roller 1421, and the outer surfaces of the lower and left and right discharging rollers 1421 are flat. Thus, a U-shaped discharging straightening through-hole 1401 is formed by enclosing among the four discharging rollers 1421 in the up, down, left, and right directions;

[0114] When the finished profile 600 with an H-shaped cross-section needs to be processed, circumferential annular protrusions are formed in the middle of the outer surfaces of the upper and lower feeding rollers 1221, and the outer surfaces of the left and right feeding rollers 1221 are flat. Thus, an H-shaped imitation feeding straightening through-hole 1201 is formed by enclosing among the four feeding rollers 1221 in the up, down, left, and right directions; circumferential annular protrusions are formed on the outer surfaces of the upper and lower forming rollers 1321 along the circumference, and the outer surfaces of the left and right forming rollers 1321 are flat. Thus, an H-shaped forming through-hole is formed by enclosing among the four forming rollers 1321 in the up, down, left, and right directions. Circumferential annular protrusions are formed in the middle of the outer surfaces of the upper and lower discharging rollers 1421, and the outer surfaces of the left and right discharging rollers 1421 are flat. Thus, an H-shaped discharging straightening through-hole 1401 is formed by enclosing among the four discharging rollers 1421 in the up, down, left, and right directions.

[0115] The following are some embodiments of the cold drawing process listed in this application, and the present application is further described through the following embodiments.

[0116] Embodiment 1:

[0117] A cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles includes the following steps:

[0118] P10. Pretreatment step: The stainless steel SUS440C material is successively subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment and lubrication treatment to obtain a preformed material;

[0119] P110. The spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: The stainless steel SUS440C material is put into the furnace at 500°C, heated to 900°C in 3 - 5 hours and held for 1 hour, then the material temperature is reduced to 700°C in 9 - 16 hours, held for 1 hour, and the temperature is reduced to 500°C in 1 - 4 hours. Finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature;

[0120] P120. The surface treatment includes: Removing the scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material by sandblasting process. Among them, the sandblasting particle size is 80 - mesh alumina or steel sand;

[0121] P130. The lubrication treatment includes: Coating graphite to reduce the friction resistance in the subsequent drawing process. Among them, the coating frequency of graphite is once after each pass to obtain a preformed material in the shape of an imitation U;

[0122] S10. Head-making treatment step: Making a head on the end of the preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing;

[0123] S20. Material conveying step: The preformed material is conveyed to the drawing die through a guiding device, and the head passes through the feeding straightening mechanism, three sets of forming die assemblies and the discharging straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence. Among them, the feeding straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die assembly in a straight and horizontal posture; The forming die assembly extrudes the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; The discharging straightening mechanism straightens the formed finished product to ensure that the finished product maintains a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die;

[0124] S30. Clamping step: Firmly clamping the head passing through the discharging straightening mechanism by a clamp mechanism;

[0125] S40. Continuous drawing step: Providing power for the clamp mechanism through a drawing driving mechanism, driving it to move along the drawing direction to realize continuous drawing of the material, and obtaining a U-shaped finished profile. Among them, the drawing speed is controlled at 8 m / min.

[0126] Example 2:

[0127] A cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles includes the following steps:

[0128] P10. Pretreatment step: The stainless steel SUS440C material is successively subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment and lubrication treatment to obtain a preformed material;

[0129] P110. The spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: The stainless steel SUS440C material is put into the furnace at 600°C, heated to 1000°C in 3 - 5 hours and held for 2 hours, then the material temperature is reduced to 750°C in 9 - 16 hours, held for 2 hours, and then reduced to 600°C in 1 - 4 hours. Finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature;

[0130] P120. The surface treatment includes: Removing the scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material through the sandblasting process. Among them, the sandblasting particle size is 100 - mesh alumina or steel sand;

[0131] P130. The lubrication treatment includes: Coating graphite to reduce the friction resistance during the subsequent drawing process. Among them, the coating frequency of graphite is once after each pass, and a preformed material in the shape of an imitation U is obtained.

[0132] S10. The heading treatment step: Performing a heading treatment on the end of the preformed material to form a heading suitable for drawing;

[0133] S20. The material conveying step: Conveying the preformed material to the drawing die through the guide device, and making the heading pass through the feeding straightening mechanism, two sets of forming die assemblies and the discharging straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence; Among them, the feeding straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die assembly in a straight and horizontal posture; The forming die assembly extrudes the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; The discharging straightening mechanism straightens the formed finished product to ensure that the finished product maintains a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die;

[0134] S30. The clamping step: Firmly clamping the heading passing through the discharging straightening mechanism by using the clamp mechanism;

[0135] S40. The continuous drawing step: Providing power for the clamp mechanism through the drawing driving mechanism, driving it to move along the drawing direction to realize the continuous drawing of the material, and obtaining a U-shaped finished profile; Among them, the drawing speed is controlled at 9 m / min.

[0136] Example 3:

[0137] A cold drawing process for a long high-strength metal profile includes the following steps:

[0138] P10. The pretreatment step: After the stainless steel SUS440C material undergoes spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment and lubrication treatment in sequence, a preformed material is obtained;

[0139] P110. The spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: The stainless steel SUS440C material is put into the furnace at 700°C, heated to 1050°C in 3 - 5 hours and held for 3 hours, then the material temperature is reduced to 800°C in 9 - 16 hours, held for 3 hours, and then reduced to 650°C in 1 - 4 hours. Finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature;

[0140] P120. The surface treatment includes: Removing the scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material through the sandblasting process. Among them, the sandblasting particle size is 120-mesh alumina or steel sand;

[0141] P130. The lubrication treatment includes: Coating graphite to reduce the friction resistance during the subsequent drawing process. Among them, the coating frequency of graphite is once at the end of each pass to obtain a preformed material in the shape of an imitation U;

[0142] S10. The head-making treatment step: Performing head-making treatment on the end of the preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing;

[0143] S20. The material conveying step: Conveying the preformed material to the drawing die through the guiding device, and making the head pass through the feeding straightening mechanism, a set of forming die assemblies, and the discharging straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence; Among them, the feeding straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die assembly in a straight and horizontal posture; The forming die assembly extrudes the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; The discharging straightening mechanism straightens the formed finished product to ensure that the finished product maintains a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die;

[0144] S30. The clamping step: Firmly clamping the head passing through the discharging straightening mechanism by using the clamping mechanism;

[0145] S40. The continuous drawing step: Providing power for the clamping mechanism through the drawing driving mechanism, driving it to move along the drawing direction to realize the continuous drawing of the material, and obtaining a U-shaped finished profile; Among them, the drawing speed is controlled at 10 m / min.

[0146] Comparative Example 1:

[0147] This comparative example provides a cold drawing process for long materials of high-strength metal profiles, which is different in that a fixed die is used to replace the drawing die in Example 2, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0148] Comparative Example 2:

[0149] This comparative example provides a cold drawing process for long materials of high-strength metal profiles, which is different in that the discharging straightening mechanism of the drawing die in Example 2 is omitted, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0150] Comparative Example 3:

[0151] This comparative example provides a cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles, which is different in that the feeding straightening mechanism and the discharging straightening mechanism of the drawing die in Example 2 are omitted, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0152] Performance detection:

[0153] Compare the processes of Examples 1-3 with those of Comparative Examples 1-3. The specific comparison results are shown in Table 1.

[0154] Table 1

[0155]

[0156] The die life refers to the number of production times that the die can complete on the premise of ensuring product quality, usually measured by the number of production pieces or production batches. In Table 1, it is calculated by the total processing length. For example: if the length of a single product is 1 meter, then the total processing length of 350,000 m corresponds to 350,000 production times.

[0157] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiment modes of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold drawing process for long high-strength metal profiles, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, a head processing step: performing a head processing on the end of the preformed material to form a head suitable for drawing; S20, material conveying step: conveying the preformed material to the drawing die through the guide device, and making the head pass through the feed straightening mechanism, at least one group of forming die components and the discharge straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence; wherein the feed straightening mechanism straightens the material to ensure that the material enters the forming die component in a straight and horizontal posture; the forming die component extrude the material during the drawing process to form the required shape and size; the discharge straightening mechanism straightens the finished product after forming to ensure that the finished product remains in a straight and horizontal state when leaving the die; S30, clamping step: using a clamp mechanism to firmly clamp the head passing through the discharge straightening mechanism; S40, continuous drawing step: providing power to the clamp mechanism through the drawing drive mechanism to drive it to move along the drawing direction to achieve continuous drawing of the material.

2. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operations of step S20 are as follows: First, the feed straightening mechanism, the forming die assembly and the discharge straightening mechanism of the drawing die are adjusted so that the feed straightening through hole, the forming through hole and the discharge straightening through hole are at a suitable spacing, so that the head of the preformed material can pass through smoothly; Then, the preformed material is conveyed to the drawing die through the guide device, and the head is made to pass through the feed straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die components and the discharge straightening mechanism arranged at intervals in sequence; After the front end of the head passes through the drawing die and extends into the jaws of the clamping mechanism, the feed straightening through hole, the forming through hole and the discharge straightening through hole are adjusted to a preset spacing to ensure that the central axes of the through holes are located on the same horizontal axis.

3. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step S10, a pre-treatment step is also included: the raw materials are sequentially subjected to spheroidizing annealing treatment, surface treatment and lubrication treatment to obtain a preformed material.

4. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spheroidizing annealing treatment includes: the material enters the furnace at 500-700℃, heats up to 900-1050℃ for 3-5h and keeps warm for 1-3h, then reduces the material temperature to 700-800℃ for 9-16h, keeps warm for 1-3h, reduces the temperature to 500-650℃ in 1-4h, and finally, air cools the material to room temperature.

5. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface treatment includes: removing the oxide scale and impurities on the surface of the annealed material by sandblasting, wherein the sandblasting particle size is 80-120 mesh aluminum oxide or steel sand.

6. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lubrication treatment includes a graphite coating to reduce frictional resistance during the subsequent drawing process.

7. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 1, characterized in that: S40, in the continuous drawing step, the drawing speed is 8-10m / min, and when there are more than two forming die assemblies, the single-side reduction in each pass is ≤0.2mm.

8. The cold drawing process of high-strength metal profile long material according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a gap of less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the feed straightening through hole, and there is a gap of less than or equal to 0.02 mm between the preformed material and the inner wall of the discharge straightening through hole.

9. A cold drawing device, characterized in that: It includes a guide device, a drawing die, a clamp mechanism and a drawing drive mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the drawing direction; The drawing die comprises a feed straightening mechanism having feed straightening through holes arranged in sequence along the drawing direction, at least one group of forming die components having forming through holes, and a discharge straightening mechanism having a discharge straightening through hole; the central axes of the feed straightening through holes, the forming through holes, and the discharge straightening through holes are located on the same horizontal axis; The guide device is used to convey the preformed material to the feed straightening mechanism of the drawing die, so that the head of the preformed material sequentially passes through the feed straightening mechanism, at least one set of forming die components and the discharge straightening mechanism to extend outward; The clamp mechanism is used to clamp or release the head of the preformed material; The drawing drive mechanism is used to drive the clamp mechanism to move along the drawing direction.

10. The cold drawing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The drawing die comprises a die base, and a mounting cavity is formed on the die base and runs through the front and rear sides thereof: The feed straightening mechanism comprises a first template installed at the front end of the installation cavity, and the feed straightening through hole is formed on the first template; The molding die assembly comprises a second template installed in the middle of the installation cavity and four molding roller assemblies; a drawing cavity is formed inside the second template; the four molding roller assemblies are respectively installed on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the drawing cavity; the molding through hole is formed between the four molding roller assemblies; The material discharging and straightening mechanism comprises a third template installed at the rear end of the installation cavity, and the material discharging and straightening through hole is formed on the third template.

Images