Plant live sand barrier sand prevention system

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system. The plant live sand barrier sand prevention system comprises an arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, a triangular live sand barrier sand fixing belt and a grid-shaped live sand barrier sand fixing belt which are sequentially arranged in the main wind direction, and the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular live sand barrier sand fixing belt and the grid-shaped live sand barrier sand fixing belt are arranged in a strip shape and are parallel to one another. Each strip extends in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. According to the plant live sand barrier sand prevention system, the structures and functions of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers are combined into a whole, near-surface blank areas among plant shrubs are filled through plant division generated through the layering propagation technology, the wind resistance and sand storage functions are high, and the good sustainable biological sand fixation effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment governance, and particularly relates to a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system. Background Art

[0002] The live sand barrier is built on mobile sandy land. By relying on the naturally generated foliage density and height of suitable and excellent sand-growing shrubs, living plants are arranged in strips or grids to form a fence-like sand barrier, with layered defenses, which can reduce wind force, deposit passing sand, reduce the wind and sand damage in the protected area, and at the same time protect the fragile water balance of the sandy land between the barriers. It has the characteristics of low water consumption, low coverage, and low-cost biological control.

[0003] Currently, the plant species suitable for use as live sand barriers include Salix psammophila, Caragana korshinskii, Artemisia desertorum, Amorpha fruticosa, Calligonum mongolicum, Hippophae rhamnoides, Salix bangongensis, Tamarix chinensis, Caryopteris mongholica, Buddleja lindleyana, highland barley, oats, wheat, Jerusalem artichoke tubers, etc. These plant materials are easily obtainable. Generally, in sandy areas, following the principle of selecting suitable trees for suitable sites, strip-shaped or grid-shaped live sand barriers are constructed through planting, cutting, and sowing methods, and their survival rate is relatively high. However, when this live sand barrier technology is used to control sand disasters, the plant stress resistance limit and low soil water content are important restrictive factors. This makes it impossible to achieve the control effect of full-coverage afforestation no matter how the live sand barrier technology combinations of selecting suitable and stress-resistant plants and using efficient water-saving measures are screened.

[0004] The strip-shaped or grid-shaped live sand barriers established by closely inserting branches enhance the surface erosion resistance with the natural reproduction of plants, which is of great significance for the regional ecological governance project mainly taking biological control as the measure. However, there are still some problems in the current practice of live sand barriers in sand prevention projects. First, a large number of branches such as Salix psammophila are closely inserted in strips or squares. As Figure 1a shown, the general cutting spacing of branches is 1-2 cm, which consumes a huge amount of branches and water. The above-ground branches compete for space and sunlight, and the underground roots compete for water and nutrients. Therefore, the survival rate is not high. Even if the survival rate is relatively high in the early stage due to sufficient water, in the later stage, due to these interspecific competitions and high water consumption characteristics, the survival rate will be low, and its sand prevention and ecological effects will be significantly reduced.

[0005] Secondly, the live sand barriers formed by row-shaped or grid-shaped shrubs such as Salix psammophila, due to the natural inverted conical crown structure of the shrubs, will form a blank area near the ground between adjacent two shrubs. As Figure 1b shown, this allows the near-surface wind-sand flow to penetrate directly, thus weakening the wind-sand control effect, especially the sand fixation effect is significantly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system, so as to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: The present invention provides a plant active sand barrier sand prevention system, which comprises an arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and a lattice-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged in sequence along the main wind direction, wherein the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the lattice-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strips and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction; The arch-shaped active sand barrier includes a plurality of first mother plants spaced apart from each other, wherein at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother plants are connected to each other to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure; The triangular active sand barrier and sand-fixing belt comprises a plurality of triangular active sand barriers, the triangular active sand barrier comprises three second mother plants and a plurality of second ramets, the three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground, each second mother plant is respectively arranged on a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second ramet is arranged on each side of the triangle, at least one second ramet is formed by layering branches of a corresponding second mother plant, and one vertex of each triangle is arranged to face the main wind direction; The grid-shaped live sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes a plurality of grid-shaped live sand barriers, and the grid-shaped live sand barrier includes four third mother plants and a plurality of third ramets. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral on the ground, and each third mother plant is respectively arranged on a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third ramet is arranged on each side of the quadrilateral, and at least one third ramet is formed by layering branches of a corresponding third mother plant, and a vertex of each quadrilateral is arranged to face the main wind direction.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: (1) The arch-shaped active sand barrier of the present invention utilizes the interconnection between the branches of adjacent mother plant bushes to construct a permeable cell with an arch structure on the top. The mother plant is used as the point, and the branches and branches between adjacent mother plants together enclose the top and side of the sand barrier. This structure is different from the spatial structure of the point-shaped bushes of ordinary ecological forests or the general grid-shaped active sand barriers. It combines the structure and function of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants continue to grow, their wind-blocking, sand-fixing and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant. Moreover, the arch structure of the present invention is composed of the mother plant branches interconnected in the top space between the bushes. When the mother plants grow up, it can be quickly established at one time. The construction period is short, and the wind-blocking and sand-fixing effects can be quickly achieved.

[0009] (2) In the triangular living sand barrier sand fixation belt and the square living sand barrier sand fixation belt of the present invention, each angle of the triangle or square faces the upwind direction. When the airflow enters the living sand barrier, it first impacts the mother plants and then diverges obliquely backward, and then frictions and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the daughter plants. After impacting the mother plants in the downwind direction, it is diverted again, and the above process is repeated. After multiple diversions, the energy of the airflow will be greatly weakened, and the sedimentation effect in the sand fixation belt is strong.

[0010] (3) In the triangular living sand barrier sand fixation belt and the square living sand barrier sand fixation belt of the present invention, the mother plants and daughter plants are connected into one body by layering, and there is a complementary function of water and nutrients between them, further reducing the overall water consumption. With the water supply from the mother plants, the survival rate of the offspring shrub reproduction is high, and the stress resistance and environmental adaptability are strong. It can be applied to most sandy habitats suitable for planting sand plants such as Salix psammophila.

[0011] (4) In the triangular living sand barrier sand fixation belt and the square living sand barrier sand fixation belt of the present invention, each angle of the triangular living sand barrier and the square living sand barrier is a mother plant shrub, and the barrier between each angle is composed of three parts: the offspring shrubs propagated from the mother plant shrub to the adjacent mother plants by layering, the layering itself, and the branches germinated on the layering. The overall structure is a triangular or square grid structure, integrating the structure and function of the plant sand barrier and the mechanical sand barrier. As the plants grow and expand continuously, the original sand barrier pattern can be maintained and expanded, and the grid tightness can be increased, and its wind resistance, sand fixation, and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant.

[0012] (5) In the plant living sand barrier sand prevention system of the present invention, the arch-shaped living sand barrier sand interception belt intercepts the flowing sand from the upwind direction. A small amount of the flowing sand that leaks through is successively fixed layer by layer by the triangular living sand barrier sand fixation belt and the square living sand barrier sand fixation belt in the downwind direction. The three cooperate with each other. The sand interception belt blocks the wind through the arch-shaped structure to inhibit the wind force, and the sand fixation belt reduces the wind force through the flow disturbance and friction of the side barrier. The entire system can block and fix most of the sand and wind flow.

[0013] (6) The afforestation cost of the plant living sand barrier sand prevention system of the present invention is low. While effectively intercepting and fixing sand, it greatly reduces the usage of plants and cuttings per unit area, reduces the water loss in the sandy land, makes up for the defects of large-scale afforestation management, and has good sustainable biological treatment effects.

[0014] (7) The daughter plants of the present invention fill the near-surface blank area between the mother plant shrubs, making up for the defect of sand leakage in the blank area caused by the natural inverted conical shrub shape of the sand plants, and can intercept and fix the sand and wind flow in all directions. Description of the Drawings

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1a It is a diagram of strip or grid-shaped live sand barriers in the prior art; Figure 1b It is a diagram of the natural inverted conical crown of shrubs in the strip or grid-shaped live sand barriers in the prior art; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic side view of the arch structure between two adjacent mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arch structure between two adjacent rows of mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of ramets between two adjacent mother plants provided in a typical embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - plant; 10 - first strip; 11 - first mother plant; 12 - first ramet; 121 - first-generation layering; 122 - first-generation shrub; 123 - second-generation layering; 124 - second-generation shrub; 125 - next-generation layering germinated on the layering; 2 - planting point; 21 - mother plant planting point; 22 - layering planting position; 23 - first-generation layering planting position; 24 - second-generation layering planting position; 3 - arch; 4 - arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt; 5 - triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt; 6 - square live sand barrier sand fixation belt; 7 - protected object; 8 - main wind direction; 81 - airflow that has been diverted multiple times; 9 - sand surface; 13 - second strip; 14 - third strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors of this case have proposed the technical solution of the present invention through long-term research and a large number of practices. The following will further explain and illustrate the technical solution, its implementation process and principles in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] The present invention provides a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system, which includes an arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, a triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt and a square live sand barrier sand fixation belt arranged in sequence along the main wind direction. The arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt and the square live sand barrier sand fixation belt are all arranged in a strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends along a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction; The arch-shaped live sand barrier sand-blocking belt includes multiple first mother plants arranged at intervals, where at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother plants are connected to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure; The triangular live sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes multiple triangular live sand barriers. The triangular live sand barrier includes three second mother plants and multiple second daughter plants. The three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular layout on the ground, with each second mother plant respectively set at a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second daughter plant is arranged on each side of the triangle. At least one of the second daughter plants is formed by layering the branches of a corresponding second mother plant. One vertex of each triangle is aligned with the main wind direction; The square-shaped live sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes multiple square-shaped live sand barriers. The square-shaped live sand barrier includes four third mother plants and multiple third daughter plants. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral layout on the ground, with each third mother plant respectively set at a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third daughter plant is arranged on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one of the third daughter plants is formed by layering the branches of a corresponding third mother plant. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the main wind direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first mother plant is a sand-growing shrub. After growing for 2 - 3 years, its height is 2 - 3 m, and its crown diameter is 2 - 4 m.

[0020] Furthermore, the first mother plant includes at least any one of sand willows, caraganas, etc. planted by seedlings or cuttings.

[0021] In some embodiments, each first mother plant is planted at a first planting point, and the distance between adjacent first planting points is 2 - 5 m.

[0022] In some embodiments, multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants are connected to form multiple arc-shaped arch structures distributed along the height direction. The arch structure is multi-layered circular arc-shaped, and the branches on adjacent first mother plants enclose to form multi-layered circular arc-shaped arch structures at different heights.

[0023] In some embodiments, multiple first mother plants are connected to each other through the arc-shaped arch structure and enclose to form a porous cell. The arch structure encloses the space between adjacent first mother plants and the top space.

[0024] Specifically, the branches on adjacent first mother plants are enclosed and tied with cable ties or ropes to form multi-layered circular arc-shaped arch structures with different heights. Because the branches of the first mother plants are of different lengths, the arches formed by enclosing and tying these branches are multi-layered structures, that is, arches can be formed at different height levels.

[0025] In some embodiments, the multiple first parent plants are divided into multiple groups. The multiple first parent plants in each group are arranged along a polygon, and each first parent plant is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the polygon. The multiple polygons are connected to form multiple first strips, and the multiple first strips are arranged parallel to each other and all extend in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction.

[0026] In some embodiments, the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand-blocking belt further includes multiple first offshoots. At least one first offshoot is distributed between any two adjacent first parent plants in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, and at least one first offshoot is formed by layering propagation of the branches of the corresponding first parent plant.

[0027] In some embodiments, the polygon includes a triangle, a rectangle, or a rhombus.

[0028] In some embodiments, the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand-blocking belt includes 3 - 10 first strips, and the distance between adjacent first strips is 1.7 - 4.3 m.

[0029] In some embodiments, at least one first offshoot includes a first-generation layering and the branches germinated on the first-generation layering or the plants grown from the first-generation layering, and at least one first offshoot includes a progeny layering and the branches germinated on the progeny layering or the plants grown from the progeny layering. The progeny layering includes a second-generation layering, …, or an n-generation layering. The first-generation layering is the branch of the first parent plant, the second-generation layering is the branch of the first offshoot grown from the first-generation layering, and so on. The n-generation layering is the branch of the first offshoot grown from the (n - 1)-generation layering, where n≥2.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second parent plant includes any one of Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii, and the second parent plant can be obtained by providing seedlings or cuttings. After growing for 2 - 3 years, the height of Salix psammophila is 2 - 3 m, and the crown width is 2 - 4 m.

[0031] In some embodiments, each second parent plant is planted at a second planting point, and the distance between adjacent second planting points is 2 - 5 m.

[0032] In some embodiments, the multiple triangular live sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and are arranged in a triangular pyramid layout on the ground along the main wind direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, the multiple triangular live sand barriers are combined to form a high-standing grid structure.

[0034] In some embodiments, the triangular live sand barrier sand-fixing belt further includes multiple second offshoots. At least one second offshoot is distributed between any two adjacent second parent plants within the same triangular live sand barrier, and at least one second offshoot is formed by layering propagation of the branches of the corresponding second parent plant.

[0035] In some embodiments, at least one of the second offshoots includes a first-generation layerage and the branches germinated from the first-generation layerage or the plants grown from the first-generation layerage, and at least one of the second offshoots includes an offspring layerage and the branches germinated from the offspring layerage or the plants grown from the offspring layerage. The offspring layerage includes a second-generation layerage, …, or an nth-generation layerage. The first-generation layerage is a branch of the second mother plant. The second-generation layerage is a branch of the second offshoot grown from the first-generation layerage, and so on. The nth-generation layerage is a branch of the second offshoot grown from the (n−1)th-generation layerage, where n≥2.

[0036] In some embodiments, each side of the triangular live sand barrier is formed by shrubs and the branches of the second mother plant, and the shrubs are composed of second offshoots.

[0037] In some embodiments, each second mother plant among the triangular live sand barriers is planted on a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0038] In some embodiments, a plurality of layerage planting positions are arranged at intervals on the line connecting any two second mother plants among each triangular live sand barrier, and the distance between adjacent layerage planting positions is 0.5-1 m.

[0039] Further, the second offshoots include first-generation layerages, first-generation shrubs, second-generation layerages, second-generation shrubs, third-generation layerages, third-generation shrubs, and the branches germinated from the next-generation layerage. The layerage propagation includes layeraging the branches of each second mother plant at a plurality of layerage planting positions simultaneously to obtain the second offshoots. Alternatively, the layerage propagation includes layeraging the branches of the second offshoots generation by generation. In engineering practice, the above two methods can be used in combination to accelerate the formation of multiple offshoots and shrub clusters.

[0040] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between adjacent triangular live sand barriers is 1-2.5 m.

[0041] In some embodiments, the distance between second mother plants within the same triangular live sand barrier is 2-5 m.

[0042] In some embodiments, a plurality of the triangular live sand barriers are divided into multiple groups. The triangular live sand barriers in each group are distributed on a second strip and are arranged at intervals in sequence along the extending direction of the second strip. The extending direction of the second strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction, and a plurality of the second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

[0043] In some embodiments, the sand-fixing zone of the triangular live sand barrier includes 3-10 second strips, the width of each second strip is 1.7-4.3 m, the second strips are arranged at intervals, and the distance between adjacent second strips is 1-2.5 m.

[0044] In some embodiments, the third mother plant includes any one of Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii, wherein the third mother plant can be obtained by providing seedlings or cuttings, with a height of 2-3 m and a crown width of 2-4 m.

[0045] In some embodiments, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, and the spacing between adjacent third planting points is 2-5 m.

[0046] In some embodiments, the plurality of square live sand barriers are spaced apart from each other and are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the main wind direction.

[0047] In some embodiments, the plurality of square live sand barriers are combined to form a high-standing grid structure.

[0048] In some embodiments, the square live sand fixation and sand barrier belt further includes a plurality of third offshoots. At least one third offshoot is distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants within the same square live sand barrier, and at least one of the third offshoots is formed by layering propagation of the branches of a corresponding third mother plant.

[0049] In some embodiments, at least one of the third offshoots includes a first-generation layer and the branches germinated from the first-generation layer or the plants grown from the first-generation layer, and at least one of the third offshoots includes a progeny layer and the branches germinated from the progeny layer or the plants grown from the progeny layer. The progeny layer includes a second-generation layer, …, or an n-generation layer. The first-generation layer is the branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layer is the branch of the third offshoot grown from the first-generation layer, and so on. The n-generation layer is the branch of the third offshoot grown from the (n-1)-generation layer, where n≥2.

[0050] In some embodiments, each side of the square live sand barrier is formed by a shrub and the branches of the third mother plant, and the shrub is composed of third offshoots.

[0051] In some embodiments, each of the third mother plants within the square live sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole.

[0052] In some embodiments, a plurality of layering planting positions are spaced apart on the line connecting any two third mother plants within each square live sand barrier, and the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1 m.

[0053] In some embodiments, the shortest distance between adjacent square live sand barriers is 1-2.5 m.

[0054] In some embodiments, the spacing between the third mother plants within the same square live sand barrier is 2-5 m.

[0055] In some embodiments, the multiple square-shaped live sand barriers are divided into multiple groups. The square-shaped live sand barriers in each group are distributed on a third strip and are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the third strip. The extending direction of the third strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the multiple third strips are arranged parallel to each other. In the present invention, the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt is arranged in the most downwind direction and at the position closest to the protected object, forming the last line of defense to completely fix the sand flow of the omitted part.

[0056] In some embodiments, the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt includes 3 to 10 third strips. The width of each third strip is 2.8 - 7.1 m, and the third strips are arranged at intervals. The distance between adjacent third strips is 1 - 2.5 m.

[0057] In some embodiments, each side of the square-shaped live sand barrier is formed by shrubs, and the shrubs are composed of third ramets.

[0058] In some embodiments, the operation method of layering propagation includes: selecting healthy branches without pests and diseases on the first mother plant, the second mother plant or the third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil at the planting position, covering and compacting the soil to fix the branches.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, the diameter of the branches is 0.5 - 2 cm, the length is 0.5 - 1.5 m, and the depth of pressing into the soil at the planting position is 10 - 15 cm.

[0060] In some more specific embodiments, the operation method of layering propagation specifically includes: After rain in spring, select one- or two-year-old branches on the mother plant that are healthy, without pests and diseases, about 0.5 - 2 cm in diameter and 0.5 - 1.5 m in length. Bend the branches and press them into the soil at the layering planting position to a depth of 10 - 15 cm, cover and compact the sandy soil, and then use stones to cover the soil surface above the layering to ensure that the branches are fixed in the soil.

[0061] Select multiple longer branches of the first mother plant, the second mother plant or the third mother plant. By layering the mother plant branches at multiple planting positions simultaneously, multiple components of the ramets can be established at one time; alternatively, branches of the first-generation shrubs, second-generation shrubs or third-generation shrubs can be selected for layering step by step. In engineering practice, the above two methods can be used concurrently to accelerate the formation of multiple ramets and shrub clusters.

[0062] In some embodiments, the width of the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt is 6 - 50 m.

[0063] In some embodiments, the width of the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt is 20 - 100 m.

[0064] In some embodiments, the width of the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt is 20 - 100 m.

[0065] In some embodiments, a blank belt is provided between adjacent strips of the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt, and the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt, and the width of the blank belt is 10 - 50 m.

[0066] In the present invention, compared with the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt, the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt has a larger grid space, so it has a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more sand-laden airflow. In addition, in the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt, since the angle between the side of each square and the main wind direction is larger than the corresponding value of the triangle, the turbulent flow angle of the airflow along each side is larger, and then the frictional effect is stronger, and the wind blocking and sand fixation effects are stronger. Therefore, along the main wind direction, from the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt to the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt, the sand fixation and wind blocking efficiencies increase in turn. When the sand-laden airflow passes through the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt, part of the sand-laden airflow will pass through the sand blocking belt. This part of the sand-laden airflow is first intercepted and fixed by the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt, and then a small amount of sand grains that are missed are finally captured and fixed by the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt in the downwind direction. The entire system can achieve the effect of intercepting and fixing most of the sand-laden airflow.

[0067] Example 1 Please refer to Figures 2 - 5 , a plant live sand barrier sand prevention system provided in this embodiment includes an arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt 4, a triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5, and a square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 arranged in sequence along the main wind direction. The arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt 4, the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5, and the square-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 are all arranged in a strip shape and are parallel to each other, and each strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction.

[0068] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt 4 includes multiple first mother plants 11 arranged at intervals, and the first mother plants 11 are planted in the first planting points 21. Multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants 11 are connected to form a plurality of arc-shaped arch structures 3 distributed in the height direction; the multiple first mother plants 11 are connected to each other through the arc-shaped arch structures 3 and enclose a porous grid chamber. The arch structure 3 closes the space between adjacent first mother plants 11 and the top space.

[0069] The multiple first mother plants 11 are divided into multiple groups. The multiple first mother plants 11 in each group are arranged in a triangle, and each first mother plant 11 is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the triangle. Moreover, the multiple triangles are connected to form multiple first strip belts 10. The multiple first strip belts 10 are arranged in parallel and all extend along the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction. The arch-shaped live sand barrier sand-blocking belt further includes multiple first offshoots 12. At least one first offshoot 12 is distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants 11 in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the first offshoot 12 is formed by layering propagation of the branches of the corresponding first mother plant 11.

[0070] As Figure 5 shown, the first offshoot 12 includes a first-generation layering 121, a first-generation shrub 122, a second-generation layering 123, a second-generation shrub 124, and the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The first offshoot 12 is planted at the layering planting position 22, the first-generation layering 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting position 23, and the branches spread around to form the first-generation shrub 122. The second-generation layering 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting position 24, and the branches spread around to form the second-generation shrub 124, as well as the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The first-generation layering planting position 23 and the second-generation layering planting position 24 are both located between any two adjacent first mother plants distributed in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5 - 1 m.

[0071] Specifically, the spacing between two adjacent first mother plants 11 is 2 - 5 m. After growing for 2 - 3 years, the height of the first plant 11 is 2 - 3 m, and the crown width is 2 - 4 m. The spacing between adjacent first planting points 21 is 2 - 5 m. The number of strip belts of the first strip belt 10 is 3 - 10 rows, and the spacing between adjacent first strip belts is 1.7 - 4.3 m. The first plant 1 includes sand willows and caraganas planted by seedlings or cuttings.

[0072] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, the triangular live sand barrier sand-fixing belt 5 includes multiple triangular live sand barriers. The triangular live sand barrier includes three second mother plants 11 and multiple second offshoots 12. The second mother plants 11 are planted at the second planting points 21. The three second mother plants 11 are arranged in a triangle on the ground, and each second mother plant 11 is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the triangle. Moreover, at least one second offshoot 12 is arranged on each side of the triangle, and at least one second offshoot 12 is formed by layering propagation of the branches of the corresponding second mother plant 11. One vertex of each triangle is aligned with the main wind direction. Specifically, the multiple triangular live sand barriers are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the main wind direction. The multiple triangular live sand barriers form a high vertical grid structure. The multiple triangular live sand barriers are divided into multiple groups. The triangular live sand barriers in each group are distributed on a second strip 13 and are arranged at intervals in sequence along the extension direction of the second strip 13. The extension direction of the second strip 13 is perpendicular to the main wind direction. The multiple second strips 13 are arranged parallel to each other. The number of the second strips is 3 - 10 rows, and the width of each second strip is 1.7 - 4.3 m. The distance between the vertices of adjacent triangular live sand barriers is 1 - 2.5 m.

[0073] Specifically, the second mother plants 11 include Salix psammophila seedlings or cuttings. The distance between the second mother plants 11 is 2 - 5 m. After growing for 2 - 3 years, the height of the second mother plants is 2 - 3 m, and the crown width is 2 - 4 m. The distance between adjacent second planting points 21 is 2 - 5 m.

[0074] As Figure 5 shown, the second ramets 12 include first-generation layering 121, first-generation shrubs 122, second-generation layering 123, second-generation shrubs 124, and the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The second ramets 12 are planted at the layering planting positions 22. The first-generation layering 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting positions 23, and the branches spread outwards to form the first-generation shrubs 122. The second-generation layering 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting positions 24, and the branches spread outwards to form the second-generation shrubs 124, and the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The first-generation layering planting positions 23 and the second-generation layering planting positions 24 are both located on each side of the triangle. The distance between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5 - 1 m.

[0075] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, the checkerboard-shaped live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 includes multiple checkerboard-shaped live sand barriers. The checkerboard-shaped live sand barriers include three third mother plants 11 and multiple third ramets 12. The third mother plants 11 are planted at the third planting points 21. The three third mother plants 11 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern on the ground. Each third mother plant 11 is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the checkerboard. And at least one third ramet 12 is arranged on each side of the quadrilateral. At least one third ramet 12 is formed by layering propagation from the branches of the corresponding third mother plant 11. One vertex of each quadrilateral is aligned with the main wind direction.

[0076] Specifically, multiple square-shaped live sand barriers are arranged at intervals and are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground along the main wind direction. Multiple square-shaped live sand barriers form a high vertical grid structure. The multiple square-shaped live sand barriers are divided into multiple groups. The square-shaped live sand barriers in each group are distributed on a third strip 14 and are arranged at intervals in sequence along the extension direction of the third strip 14. The extension direction of the third strip 14 is perpendicular to the main wind direction. The multiple third strips 14 are arranged parallel to each other. The number of the third strips is 3 - 10 rows, the width of each third strip is 2.8 - 7.1 m, the third strips are arranged at intervals, and the distance between adjacent third strips is 1 - 2.5 m. The distance between the vertices of adjacent square-shaped live sand barriers is 1 - 2.5 m.

[0077] Specifically, the third mother plants 11 include Salix psammophila seedlings or cuttings. The spacing between the third mother plants 11 is 2 - 5 m. After growing for 2 - 3 years, the height of the third mother plants 11 is 2 - 3 m, and the crown width is 2 - 4 m. The distance between adjacent third planting points 21 is 2 - 5 m.

[0078] As Figure 5 shown, the third ramets 12 include first-generation layering 121, first-generation shrubs 122, second-generation layering 123, second-generation shrubs 124, and the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The third ramets 12 are planted at the layering planting positions 22. The first-generation layering 121 is planted at the first-generation layering planting positions 23, and the branches expand around to form the first-generation shrubs 122. The second-generation layering 123 is planted at the second-generation layering planting positions 24, and the branches expand around to form the second-generation shrubs 124, and the next-generation layering 125 germinated on the layering. The first-generation layering planting positions 23 and the second-generation layering planting positions 24 are both located on each side of the square shape. The spacing between each layering planting position is 0.5 - 1 m.

[0079] The width of the sand-blocking belt 4 of the arch-shaped live sand barrier is 6 - 50 m; the width of the sand-fixing belt 5 of the triangular live sand barrier is 20 - 100 m; the width of the sand-fixing belt 6 of the square-shaped live sand barrier is 20 - 100 m. There are blank belts between adjacent strips in the sand-blocking belt 4 of the arch-shaped live sand barrier, the sand-fixing belt 5 of the triangular live sand barrier, and the sand-fixing belt 6 of the square-shaped live sand barrier. The width of the blank belt is 10 - 50 m.

[0080] In the plant live sand barrier sand prevention system provided by this embodiment, the sand-blocking belt 4 of the arch-shaped live sand barrier uses the mutual connection between the branches of adjacent mother plant shrubs to construct a porous grid chamber with an arch structure at the top. Taking the mother plants as points, the branches and ramets between adjacent mother plants jointly enclose the top and sides of the sand barrier. This structure is different from the dot-shaped shrubs of ordinary ecological forests or the spatial structure of general square-shaped live sand barriers. This structure combines the structures and functions of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. As the plants grow continuously, their wind-blocking, sand-fixing, and ecological benefits will become increasingly significant.

[0081] Moreover, in the plant live sand barrier sand prevention system provided in this embodiment, the arch-shaped live sand barrier sand blocking belt 4 intercepts the quicksand on the upwind side. A small amount of the quicksand that slips through is successively fixed layer by layer by the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5 and the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 on the downwind side. The three cooperate with each other. The sand blocking belt 4 inhibits the wind force through the arch-shaped structure, and the sand fixation belts 5 and 6 reduce the wind force through the flow disturbance and friction of the side barriers. The entire system can block and fix most of the sand and wind flows. Moreover, from the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5 to the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6, the sand fixation and wind blocking efficiency increases successively.

[0082] In the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5 and the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6, at least one vertex of each triangle or square grid is set towards the main wind direction. When the air flow enters the live sand barrier, it first impacts the mother plant 11 and then diverges obliquely to the rear. Then it frictions and flows along the edge of the barrier formed by the ramets 12. After impacting the mother plant 11 on the downwind side, it is diverted again. The above process is repeated, and the energy of the air flow 81 that is diverted multiple times will be greatly weakened. The sedimentation effect in the sand fixation belt is strong, and it can effectively protect the protected object 7.

[0083] Moreover, compared with the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5, the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6 has a larger grid space, so it has a larger sand accumulation area and capacity, and can fix more sand and wind flows. In addition, in the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6, since the included angle between the side of each square and the main wind direction is larger than the corresponding value of the triangle, the flow disturbance angle of the air flow along each side is larger, and then the friction effect is stronger, and the wind blocking and sand fixation effects are stronger. Therefore, along the main wind direction, from the triangular live sand barrier sand fixation belt 5 to the square-grid live sand barrier sand fixation belt 6, the sand fixation and wind blocking efficiency increases successively.

[0084] The plant live sand barrier sand prevention system of this embodiment combines the structures and functions of plant sand barriers and mechanical sand barriers. The plant ramets generated by the layering propagation technology fill the near-surface blank area between the plant shrubs. It has strong wind blocking and sand storage functions and has a good sustainable biological sand fixation effect.

[0085] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those who are familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. It cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant active sand barrier sand prevention system, characterized in that: It includes an arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, a triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and a grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt arranged in sequence along the main wind direction, wherein the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt are all arranged in strips and are parallel to each other, and each strip extends in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction; The arch-shaped active sand barrier includes a plurality of first mother plants spaced apart from each other, wherein at least one pair of branches on adjacent first mother plants are connected to each other to form at least one arc-shaped arch structure; The triangular active sand barrier and sand-fixing belt comprises a plurality of triangular active sand barriers, the triangular active sand barrier comprises three second mother plants and a plurality of second ramets, the three second mother plants are arranged in a triangular pattern on the ground, each second mother plant is respectively arranged on a corresponding vertex of the triangle, and at least one second ramet is arranged on each side of the triangle, at least one second ramet is formed by layering branches of a corresponding second mother plant, and one vertex of each triangle is arranged to face the main wind direction; The grid-shaped live sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes a plurality of grid-shaped live sand barriers, and the grid-shaped live sand barrier includes four third mother plants and a plurality of third ramets. The four third mother plants are arranged in a quadrilateral on the ground, and each third mother plant is respectively arranged on a corresponding vertex of the quadrilateral, and at least one third ramet is arranged on each side of the quadrilateral, and at least one third ramet is formed by layering branches of a corresponding third mother plant, and a vertex of each quadrilateral is arranged to face the main wind direction.

2. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mother plant is a sand-growing shrub with a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m; preferably, the first mother plant includes Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii; And / or, each of the first mother plants is planted at a first planting point, and the distance between adjacent first planting points is 2-5m; And / or, multiple pairs of branches on adjacent first mother plants are connected to each other to form multiple arc-shaped arch structures distributed along the height direction; And / or, a plurality of first mother plants are connected to each other via the arc-shaped arch structure and enclosed to form a permeable cell; And / or, the plurality of first mother plants are divided into a plurality of groups, the plurality of first mother plants in each group are arranged along a polygon, each first mother plant is respectively arranged at a corresponding vertex of the polygon, and the plurality of polygons are interconnected to form a plurality of first strips, and the plurality of first strips are arranged parallel to each other and extend in a direction perpendicular to the main wind direction; And / or, the arch-shaped active sand barrier also includes multiple first ramets, at least one first ramet is distributed between any two adjacent first mother plants in the direction perpendicular to the main wind direction, and at least one first ramet is formed by layering of branches of a corresponding first mother plant.

3. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polygon includes a triangle, a rectangle or a rhombus; And / or, the arch-shaped active sand barrier includes 3-10 first strips, and the spacing between adjacent first strips is 1.7-4.3m; And / or, at least one of the first ramets includes a first-generation layering and branches sprouted from the first-generation layering or a plant formed by the first-generation layering, and at least one of the first ramets includes a later generation layering and branches sprouted from the later generation layering or a plant formed by the later generation layering, and the later generation layering includes a second-generation layering,..., or an n-generation layering, the first-generation layering is a branch of the first mother plant, the second-generation layering is a branch of the first ramet formed by the first-generation layering, and so on, the n-generation layering is a branch of the first ramet formed by the (n-1)-generation layering, n≥2.

4. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second mother plant includes Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii, and has a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m; and / or, each of the second mother plants is planted at a second planting point, and the distance between adjacent second planting points is 2-5 m; And / or, a plurality of the triangular active sand barriers are arranged at intervals from each other and arranged in a herringbone shape on the ground along the main wind direction; And / or, a plurality of said triangular active sand barriers are combined to form a high vertical grid structure; And / or, the triangular active sand barrier and sand fixation belt further comprises a plurality of second ramets, at least one second ramet is distributed between any two adjacent second mother plants in the same triangular active sand barrier, and at least one of the second ramets is formed by layering of branches of a corresponding second mother plant; And / or, at least one of the second ramets includes a first-generation layering and branches sprouted from the first-generation layering or a plant formed by the first-generation layering, and at least one of the second ramets includes a later generation layering and branches sprouted from the later generation layering or a plant formed by the later generation layering, the later generation layering includes a second generation layering, ..., or an n-generation layering, the first-generation layering is a branch of the second mother plant, the second-generation layering is a branch of the second ramet formed by the first-generation layering, and so on, the n-generation layering is a branch of the second ramet formed by the (n-1)-generation layering, n≥2; And / or, each side of the triangular active sand barrier is formed by a bush and branches of a second mother plant, and the bush is composed of second ramets; And / or, each second mother plant in the triangular active sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, a plurality of layering planting positions are arranged at intervals on the line between any two second mother plants in each of the triangular live sand barriers, and the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

5. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shortest distance between adjacent triangular active sand barriers is 1-2.5m; and / or, the spacing between the second mother plants in the same triangular live sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the plurality of triangular active sand barriers are divided into a plurality of groups, the triangular active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a second strip and are arranged in sequence at intervals along the extension direction of the second strip, the extension direction of the second strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the plurality of second strips are arranged parallel to each other.

6. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The triangular active sand barrier and sand fixation belt includes 3-10 second strips, each second strip has a width of 1.7-4.3 m, the second strips are arranged at intervals, and the spacing between adjacent second strips is 1-2.5 m.

7. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third mother plant includes Salix psammophila or Caragana korshinskii, and has a height of 2-3m and a crown width of 2-4m; And / or, each of the third mother plants is planted at a third planting point, and the distance between adjacent third planting points is 2-5m; And / or, a plurality of the grid-shaped active sand barriers are arranged at intervals from each other and arranged in a herringbone shape on the ground along the main wind direction; And / or, a plurality of said grid-shaped active sand barriers are combined to form a high vertical grid structure; And / or, the grid-shaped active sand barrier and sand-fixing belt further comprises a plurality of third ramets, at least one third ramet is distributed between any two adjacent third mother plants in the same grid-shaped active sand barrier, and at least one third ramet is formed by layering of branches of a corresponding third mother plant; And / or, at least one of the third ramets includes a first-generation layering and branches sprouted from the first-generation layering or a plant formed by the first-generation layering, and at least one of the third ramets includes a later generation layering and branches sprouted from the later generation layering or a plant formed by the later generation layering, the later generation layering includes a second-generation layering, ..., or an n-generation layering, the first-generation layering is a branch of the third mother plant, the second-generation layering is a branch of the third ramet formed by the first-generation layering, and so on, the n-generation layering is a branch of the third ramet formed by the (n-1)-generation layering, n≥2; And / or, each side of the grid-shaped live sand barrier is formed by a bush and branches of a third mother plant, and the bush is composed of third ramets; And / or, each third mother plant in the grid-shaped live sand barrier is planted in a corresponding mother plant planting hole; And / or, a plurality of layering planting positions are arranged at intervals on the line between any two third mother plants in each of the grid-shaped live sand barriers, and the spacing between adjacent layering planting positions is 0.5-1m.

8. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shortest distance between adjacent grid-shaped active sand barriers is 1-2.5m; and / or, the spacing between the third mother trees in the same said grid-shaped live sand barrier is 2-5m; And / or, the plurality of said checkered active sand barriers are divided into a plurality of groups, the checkered active sand barriers in each group are distributed on a third strip and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the third strip, the extension direction of the third strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the plurality of said third strips are arranged parallel to each other; And / or, the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt includes 3-10 third strips, each third strip has a width of 2.8-7.1 m, the third strips are arranged at intervals, and the spacing between adjacent third strips is 1-2.5 m.

9. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layering propagation operation method comprises: selecting healthy branches without diseases and insect pests on the first mother plant, the second mother plant or the third mother plant; pressing the branches into the soil of the planting location, covering and compacting the soil, and fixing the branches; Preferably, the branch has a diameter of 0.5-2 cm, a length of 0.5-1.5 m, and is pressed into the soil at the planting location to a depth of 10-15 cm.

10. The plant active sand barrier sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the arch-shaped active sand barrier is 6-50m; And / or, the width of the triangular active sand barrier sand fixation belt is 20-100m; And / or, the width of the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand fixation belt is 20-100m; And / or, blank strips are provided between adjacent strips in the arch-shaped active sand barrier sand-blocking belt, the triangular active sand barrier sand-fixing belt and the grid-shaped active sand barrier sand-fixing belt, and the width of the blank strip is 10-50m.

Images