Method for rapidly propagating populus lanceolata by using winter dormant coppice shoots

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly propagating populus lanceolata by using winter dormant coppice shoots, and belongs to the technical field of biological agriculture and related industries, forest tree breeding and seedling raising and seed and seedling cultivation. Comprising the following steps: (1) collecting annual coppice shoots of populus lanceolata and annual coppice shoots of populus taishanensis in a dormant state; (2) cutting the lower part of the dormant coppice shoot of the populus lanceolata to form an inclined surface, and splitting the upper part of the dormant coppice shoot of the populus tai from the middle; (3) inserting the cut dormant coppice shoot of the populus lanceolata into a split crack of the dormant coppice shoot of the populus lanceolata, and enabling phloems of the dormant coppice shoot of the populus lanceolata and the dormant coppice shoot of the populus lanceolata to be connected to obtain a populus lanceolata-populus (4) carrying out cleft grafting on coppice shoots of the populus lanceolata and the populus taishanensis and carrying out sand storage; and (5) taking out the sand-stored populus lanceolata-populus tai cleft grafting coppice shoots, and cutting the coppice shoots on outdoor open-air land. According to the method for rapidly propagating the populus sutchuenensis by using the winter dormant coppice shoots, the propagation speed of the populus sutchuenensis is increased, and the growth time of the populus sutchuenensis in the current year of propagation is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots, and belongs to the technical fields of bio-agriculture and related industries, forest tree breeding and seedling raising, and seed and seedling cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Populus adenopoda Maxim. is a tall arbor of the genus Populus and the section Populus. Populus adenopoda is a native tree species unique to China and is widely distributed in subtropical regions of China, such as Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, as well as southern Shaanxi and southern Henan. Populus adenopoda has a tall trunk, grows rapidly, and has white wood. It often grows in hilly mountainous areas and near village farmlands. It can still grow normally in areas with poor soil fertility. It is a timber tree species with important application potential in hilly mountainous areas in southern China.

[0003] However, different from most widely used poplar varieties, Populus adenopoda has winter dormant shoots, and it is very difficult for hardwood cuttings to take root; this greatly limits the application of Populus adenopoda.

[0004] At present, there are already methods for propagating Populus adenopoda by using root sucker tender branches during the growth period of Populus adenopoda and by using tissue culture systems to propagate Populus adenopoda. However, the method of propagating Populus adenopoda by using root sucker tender branches has the following disadvantages: the process is cumbersome, and it is necessary to dig out the roots of a specific thickness of selected superior trees, and then bury the roots to promote sprouting, select the vigorously growing branches, and divide the roots with sprouted tender branches into several small sections with roots and tender branches in June-September of the same year to achieve the purpose of propagation. The limitation of this method is that the tender branches of Populus adenopoda only have a growth period of less than 3 months in the same year. The method of propagating Populus adenopoda by using tissue culture, although it can obtain rejuvenated rooted seedlings, requires collecting fresh branch samples in the wild and carrying out in a strictly disinfected tissue culture room, and has limited application in production practice.

[0005] Therefore, providing a method for rapidly cutting and propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda and extending the growth time of Populus adenopoda shoots in the year of propagation has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly cutting and propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda, improve the propagation speed of Populus adenopoda, and extend the growth time of Populus adenopoda clones in the year of propagation.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for rapidly cutting and propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Collect the current-year shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. in the dormant state, and at the same time collect the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne.

[0010] (2) Cut the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. and the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne into appropriate sections respectively. Cut an inclined plane at the lower part of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim., and split the upper part of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne in the middle, with the splitting length accounting for one-third of the length of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne.

[0011] (3) Insert the cut dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. into the split cracks of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne to obtain the cleft grafted shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. - Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne Figure 1 A);

[0012] (4) Store the cleft grafted shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. - Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne in sand until mid-March.

[0013] (5) Take out the cleft grafted shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. - Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne stored in sand, cutt them in the soil and cover with plastic film. After the cutting is completed, irrigate in time. Two days after the film is covered, tear a small hole with a diameter of 3 cm above the shoots to expose the shoots, and then maintain the ordinary field management (such as watering, weeding, fertilizing, etc.).

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the time for collecting the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. and Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne is from December to early February every year.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the collected dormant shoots are the one-year-old shoots at the base of the trunk, on the roots, and on the trunk.

[0016] Preferably, in step (2), the length of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. is 8 - 10 cm, the diameter of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. is 0.2 - 1 cm, and at least one leaf bud is retained; the length of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne is 12 - 15 cm, the diameter of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne is preferably 0.5 - 2 cm, and it should be greater than the diameter of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim.

[0017] Preferably, in step (2), when cutting the lower part of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. with a sharp blade, both sides should be cut until it is a flat wedge shape, and the length of the cut surface is 3 cm.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the length of the split crack at the upper part of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne is 2 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step (3), the wedge-shaped bottom of the cut dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. should be inserted into one side of the crack of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne, and the wedge-shaped bottom of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. should be slowly inserted into the crack of the dormant shoots of Populus simonii Carrière × Populus nigra var. italica (Moench) Koehne until the wedge-shaped bottom of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim. is completely inserted, and the phloems of the two dormant shoots should be kept in contact.

[0020] Preferably, in step (4), the sand storage pit is arranged as follows: dig an outdoor soil pit with a length of 2 m, a width of 1 m, and a depth of 1 m. Lay 20 cm thick wet river sand at the bottom of the soil pit, then place a layer of dormant shoots, cover it with another layer of 20 cm thick wet river sand, then place another layer of dormant shoots, and cover it with another layer of wet river sand.

[0021] Preferably, in step (5), the land needs to be plowed and leveled first. The cutting spacing of Populus adenopoda - Populus tacamahaca split grafting shoots is 30 cm, and the shoots are exposed 2 - 3 cm above the ground, ensuring that one leaf bud is exposed above the ground.

[0022] Preferably, in step (5), the width of the plastic film is 30 cm, and the row spacing is 1 m.

[0023] Preferably, in step (5), the plastic film is a white transparent high - pressure polyethylene resin film with a thickness of 0.012 - 0.016 mm.

[0024] Preferably, in step (5), the diameter of the small holes is 3 cm.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above - mentioned method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda using winter dormant shoots in poplar seedling cultivation.

[0026] The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0027] The application of the method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda using winter dormant shoots in poplar seedling cultivation, especially in Populus adenopoda seedling cultivation.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] Compared with the existing methods of propagating Populus adenopoda by root sucker shoots softwood cutting and tissue culture, the method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda using winter dormant shoots of the present invention improves the propagation speed of Populus adenopoda and extends the growth time of Populus adenopoda clones in the year of propagation.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and drawings, but it does not mean limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 They are photos of each step in the method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda using winter dormant shoots in Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are all conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the photos of each step in the method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda Maxim using winter dormant shoots in Example 1 of the present invention are presented; among them, A is the scion of the cleft grafting of Populus adenopoda Maxim - Populus taishanensis; B is the scion of the cleft grafting of Populus adenopoda Maxim - Populus taishanensis after sand storage; C is the land, plastic film, and irrigation after leveling; D is the well - growing Populus adenopoda Maxim clone.

[0035] A method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda Maxim by cuttage using winter dormant shoots, the steps are as follows:

[0036] (1) At the beginning of January 2024, a total of 158 one - year - old dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim were collected in Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Hubei provinces in China. The dormant shoots were one - year - old shoots at the base of the trunk, on the roots, and on the trunk. The collected dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim were evenly divided into two parts, A and B. One part was used for cleft grafting with dormant shoots of Populus taishanensis, and the other part of the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda Maxim was used for direct cuttage to compare the effects of the two methods on propagating Populus adenopoda Maxim. The dormant shoots of Populus taishanensis were one - year - old dormant shoots of Populus taishanensis growing in the Fuxing nursery base in Guanxian, Shandong.

[0037] (2) On January 31, 2024, select healthy Populus taishanensis dormant shoots without diseases and pests and with a diameter of 0.5 - 2 cm, and cut them into small sections 12 - 15 cm long with a gardening branch shear. At the same time, cut the healthy Populus adenopoda Maxim dormant shoots without diseases and pests and with a diameter of 0.2 - 1 cm into small sections 8 - 10 cm long.

[0038] (3) Use a sharp blade to cut the lower 3 cm of the Populus adenopoda Maxim dormant shoot into a flat wedge shape with two flat sides, and use a sharp sickle to split a 2 - cm - long crack in the middle of the upper part of the Populus taishanensis dormant shoot.

[0039] (4) Insert the lower part of the Populus adenopoda Maxim dormant shoot cut in step (3) into the crack of the Populus taishanensis dormant shoot split in step (3). One side of the Populus adenopoda Maxim dormant shoot should coincide with one side of the Populus taishanensis dormant shoot, and ensure that the phloem on one side of the Populus adenopoda Maxim dormant shoot contacts the phloem on one side of the Populus taishanensis dormant shoot to obtain the cleft - grafted shoot of Populus adenopoda Maxim - Populus taishanensis.

[0040] (5) The Populus raphis-Populus taiqing cleft-grafted shoots in step (4) are stored in a sand storage pit in Fuxing Nursery, Guan County, Shandong Province. The sand storage pit is 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 1 meter deep. The bottom of the sand storage pit is covered with 20 centimeters thick wet river sand, and then a layer of cleft-grafted shoots is placed, and then a layer of 20 centimeters thick wet river sand is covered. Then, another layer of cleft-grafted shoots is placed, and then a layer of wet river sand is covered; the sand storage is continued until March 20, 2024;

[0041] (6) Another dormant Populus sibiricum sprout (B) that was not spliced ​​with Populus taiwanensis was placed in a sand storage pit in the same way until March 20, 2024;

[0042] (7) On March 19, 2024, the land was plowed and leveled and indoor nutrient pots were prepared at the nursery base in Guan County, Shandong Province. The nutrient pots were black plastic nutrient pots with a height of 10 cm and a diameter of 6 cm. A 1:1 uniform mixture of peat soil and perlite matrix was placed in the nutrient pots. On March 20, 2024, the Populus siliquae-Taiqing Populus cleft-grafted sprouts stored in the sand in step (5) and the Populus siliquae dormant sprouts (B) stored in the sand in step (6) were taken out. The Populus siliquae-Taiqing Populus cleft-grafted sprouts were stored in the sand in step (3). 0 cm spacing between plants, pay attention to insert all the Taiqing Populus part of the cleft-grafted cuttings into the soil, and insert two-thirds of the Populus sibiricum part into the soil, and cut 10-30 cleft-grafted cuttings per plant; on the day of the cutting, cover the ground film and irrigate; 2 days later, tear a 3 cm diameter round hole above the Populus sibiricum-Taiqing Populus cleft-grafted cuttings to expose the Populus sibiricum-Taiqing Populus cleft-grafted cuttings, and then irrigate and water in time according to weather conditions and soil moisture conditions, and carry out normal field management and timely weed removal;

[0043] On March 20, 2024, dormant shoots of Populus sibiricum that were not cleft-grafted with dormant shoots of Populus taiwanensis were cut into nutrient pots (peat soil: perlite = 1:1), with 10-30 shoots cut for each strain. Water was applied on the day of cutting, and all nutrient pots were placed in the greenhouse of the Chinese Academy of Forestry. The temperature in the greenhouse was about 25°C during the day and about 15°C at night. Water was applied once every 3-5 days to prevent the nutrient pot culture medium from drying out.

[0044] (8) On June 25, 2024, the survival rates of cuttings of Populus sibiricus-Taiqing Populus sp. cleft grafted cuttings and Populus sibiricus dormant cuttings alone were counted. The survival rates of cuttings of each strain are shown in Table 1.

[0045] (9) On August 15, 2024, take vigorous young branches of Populus rapa for softwood cuttings, where the young branches of Populus rapaa are from surviving plants of cleft grafting of Populus rapaa-Taiqing Populus. When softwood cuttings are used, the length of the young branches of Populus rapaa is 8-12 cm. Cut off two-thirds of the leaves on the young branches of Populus rapaa, leaving only the petiole and one-third of the leaves. The trimmed young branches of Populus rapaa are cut into perlite substrate and watered thoroughly, and then watered every 3-5 days;

[0046] (10) On September 30, 2024, the survival rate of softwood cuttings of Populus adenopoda was statistically analyzed. The survival rates of softwood cuttings of each strain are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0054] 1) Split-graft the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda with the dormant shoots of Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing', store them in sand for one month, and then conduct cuttings. During the sand storage process, the shoots of Populus adenopoda and Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing' have initially healed, making it difficult for the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda to dehydrate and die;

[0055] 2) The dormant shoots of Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing' are easy to root when cuttings are taken, while the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda are not easy to root. After splitting and grafting the dormant shoots of Populus adenopoda onto the dormant shoots of Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing' and then conducting cuttings, the shoots of Populus adenopoda can grow normally with the help of the root system of the shoots of Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing';

[0056] 3) The cuttings of the split-grafted shoots of Populus adenopoda - Populus deltoides cv. 'Taqing' are prone to drought and frost damage in the early stage in the outdoor environment. Laying plastic film on the ground first in the outdoor environment can play a role in heat preservation and moisture conservation. At the same time, two days after cuttings, tearing the plastic film above the split-grafted shoots can effectively prevent the damage of local high temperature to the split-grafted shoots;

[0057] 4) Conduct outdoor open-field cuttings in March every year. The cuttings of Populus adenopoda enter the dormant period from September to October. The Populus adenopoda plants have a growth period of 6 - 7 months, which is significantly longer than the growth period of propagating Populus adenopoda by collecting root sucker softwood cuttings in June - July every year;

[0058] 5) This technology does not need to be operated in a sterile environment in the tissue culture room. Its method is simple and efficient, and the cost is low.

[0059] Although the above has elaborated in detail on the purpose concept and embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims, and such improvements and transformations should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant sprouts, comprising the following steps: (1) Collect one-year-old dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda in a dormant state, and at the same time collect one-year-old dormant sprouts of Populus wangii in a dormant state; (2) Cut the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda and the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii into appropriate sections respectively. Cut a bevel at the lower part of the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda, and split the upper part of the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii in the middle of the sprout, with the split length accounting for one-third of the total length of the sprout; (3) Insert the cut dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda into the split cracks of the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii to obtain Populus adenopoda-Populus wangii cleft grafted sprouts; (4) Store the Populus adenopoda-Populus wangii cleft grafted sprouts in sand until mid-March; (5) Take out the sand-stored Populus adenopoda-Populus wangii cleft grafted sprouts and cut them in the open air outdoors. Then, cover them with a plastic film. After the cutting is completed, irrigate in time. Two days after the film is covered, tear a small hole with a diameter of 3 cm above the cleft grafted sprouts to expose the cleft grafted sprouts. Subsequently, maintain ordinary field management.

2. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots as claimed in claim 1, wherein In step (1), the time for collecting the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda and Populus wangii is from December to early February every year; the collected dormant sprouts are one-year-old branches at the base of the tree trunk, on the tree roots, and on the tree trunk.

3. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), when using a sharp blade to cut the lower part of the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda, both sides should be cut until a flat wedge shape is formed, and the length of the cut surface is 3 cm.

4. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the length of the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda is 8-10 cm, the diameter is 0.2-1 cm, and at least one leaf bud is retained; the length of the sprouts of Populus wangii is 12-15 cm, the diameter of the sprouts of Populus wangii is larger than that of the sprouts of Populus adenopoda, and is between 0.5-2 cm.

5. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the length of the split crack at the upper part of the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii is 2 cm.

6. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), it is necessary to insert the wedge-shaped bottom of the cut dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda into one side of the crack of the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii, and slowly insert the wedge-shaped bottom of the dormant sprouts of Populus adenopoda into the crack of the dormant sprouts of Populus wangii until the wedge-shaped bottom is completely inserted, and it is necessary to keep the phloems of the two in contact.

7. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, In step (4), the specific method of sand storage is: dig a soil pit outdoors with a length of 2 m, a width of 1 m, and a depth of 1 m. Lay 20 cm thick wet river sand at the bottom of the soil pit. Then, place a layer of dormant sprouts, cover it with another layer of 20 cm thick wet river sand, then place a layer of dormant sprouts, and cover it with another layer of wet river sand.

8. The method for rapidly propagating Populus adenopoda by using winter dormant shoots as claimed in claim 7, wherein, In step (5), the outdoor land needs to be plowed and leveled first. The cutting plant spacing of the Populus adenopoda-Populus wangii cleft grafted sprouts is 30 cm, and the cleft grafted sprouts are exposed 2-3 cm above the ground, ensuring that one leaf bud is exposed above the ground; the width of the plastic film is 30 cm, and the row spacing is 1 m; the plastic film is a white transparent high-pressure polyethylene resin film with a thickness of 0.012-0.016 mm; the diameter of the small hole is 3 cm.

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