A method for planting stropharia rugosoannulata by using grass fruit stalks

Abstract

The application discloses a method for planting agaricus bisporus by using amomum tsao-ko stalks, and belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom planting. The amomum tsao-ko stalks, corn cobs, wild rice shoots and beer dregs which are soaked in a suspension liquid extracted from the amomum tsao-ko stalks and then fermented are used as planting substrates. After the agaricus bisporus mycelium grows on the planting substrates and covers the mushroom soil, trehalose and bamboo joint ginseng extract solution are sprayed, so that the agaricus bisporus mycelium germination can be effectively promoted, the mushroom speed can be improved, and the agaricus bisporus fruiting body yield and the agaricus bisporus cap diameter can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of giant king mushroom cultivation technology, specifically, it relates to a method for cultivating giant king mushrooms using cardamom straw. Background Technology

[0002] Giant king oyster mushroom, also known as wrinkled giant king oyster mushroom, is scientifically named... Stropharia rugosoannulata Farl. ex Murrill belongs to the family Pleurotus truncataceae and the genus Pleurotus. When cultivating Pleurotus truncataceus, the mycelial growth rate and fruiting time affect the cultivation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for cultivating king oyster mushrooms using cardamom straw.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for cultivating king oyster mushrooms using cardamom stalks includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Preparation of planting substrate raw materials: The planting substrate raw materials contain the following components in the following mass ratio: 40-50 parts of cardamom straw, 20-25 parts of corn cob, 13-17 parts of dried water chestnut leaves, and 4-7 parts of brewer's grains; cut the cardamom straw into 7-8cm lengths, crush the corn cob into particles with a diameter of 1-2cm, crush the dried water chestnut leaves into 2-3cm, and soak them in 100 parts of cardamom straw extract suspension for 36-48 hours;

[0007] S2, mix the soaked cardamom stalks, corn cobs, water chestnut leaves and brewer's grains evenly and pile them up to ferment. After fermentation, spread them out to cool.

[0008] S3. On the prepared seedbed, spread a 15cm layer of planting substrate, then sow 50% of the inoculum. Next, spread a 10cm layer of planting substrate on top, sow another 30% of the inoculum, and finally, spread a 5cm layer of planting substrate on top, sowing the remaining 20% ​​of the inoculum. After sowing, erect a shade arched shed on the seedbed. The inoculum sowing rate is 800g / m². 2 The particle size of the strain is 1-1.5 cm;

[0009] S4. When the mycelium of *Stropharia macrocarpa* fully colonizes the surface, cover with 2-3 cm of fruiting soil, then cover with 1-2 cm of pine needles. Spray every three days with a mixture of trehalose solution and *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* extract solution at a volume ratio of 1:1-2. The concentration of the trehalose solution is 0.1 wt%, and the concentration of the *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* extract solution is 30 g / L. The spraying rate is 0.5 L / m². 2 A total of two sprayings were applied;

[0010] S5, fruiting management: when the mycelium climbs over the soil layer, the relative humidity of the air in the shed is kept at 85%-90%, and the surface of the soil is kept moist but not waterlogged.

[0011] Further, the preparation method of the Amomum villosum straw extraction suspension is as follows: after the Amomum villosum straw is cut into particles, 1000 parts of the Amomum villosum straw particles are taken, 5000 parts of water is added in a mass ratio, and the mixture is placed in a water bath at a temperature of 80±2℃, and reflux extraction is performed for 4 hours. After filtration, 1 part of inositol, 10 parts of yeast extract, and 5 parts of proteose peptone are added to obtain the Amomum villosum straw extraction suspension.

[0012] Further, the pH value of the fruiting soil is 6.5-7.0, and the water content is 36%-38%.

[0013] Further, in the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises the following components in a mass ratio: 45 parts of Amomum villosum straw, 23 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of dry zhejiang white leaf, and 5 parts of beer lees.

[0014] Further, in the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises the following components in a mass ratio: 40 parts of Amomum villosum straw, 20 parts of corn cob, 13 parts of dry zhejiang white leaf, and 4 parts of beer lees.

[0015] Further, in the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises the following components in a mass ratio: 50 parts of Amomum villosum straw, 25 parts of corn cob, 17 parts of dry zhejiang white leaf, and 7 parts of beer lees.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the present application can at least achieve the following beneficial effects: the present application can effectively promote the germination of the mycelium of the large fruiting body of the mushroom, improve the fruiting speed, and increase the yield of the fruiting body of the mushroom and the diameter of the cap of the fruiting body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the picture of the bed after fruiting in Example 1 of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is the picture of the bed after fruiting in Example 2 of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is the picture of the bed after fruiting in Example 3 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the present application are commercially available.

[0021] Trehalose is purchased from Shandong Xinfengyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0022] Chikusetsu extract was purchased from San Yang Lian Feng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and was a water extract with a specification of 20:1 (20 parts by weight of raw material water extract to obtain 1 part by weight of product).

[0023] Preparation method of fruiting soil:

[0024] 1. Proportion: 40wt% of garden soil, 40wt% of peat soil, 10wt% of rice husk, 5wt% of lime, and 5wt% of corn cob granules.

[0025] 2. Raw material preparation and processing:

[0026] Garden soil: After digging, spread it out on a cement floor and expose it to the sun for 2-3 days to kill bacteria and insects using ultraviolet light. Then sieve it using a sieve with a pore size of 1-1.5 cm to remove stones, grass roots, and other debris.

[0027] Peat soil / humus soil: If it is in block form, it needs to be broken up.

[0028] Rice husk / rice chaff: Soak it in lime water for 24 hours in advance (100 kg of water plus 2-3 kg of lime), then dry it out to kill surface bacteria and insect eggs.

[0029] Lime powder: Use ordinary building lime or agricultural lime.

[0030] Mixing and stirring: According to the formula proportion, mix all the prepared dry materials (garden soil, peat soil, rice husk, etc.) evenly on a clean cement floor or large plastic cloth, then evenly sprinkle the lime powder on the mixed soil, and stir again for 2-3 times to ensure uniform distribution of lime.

[0031] Spray clean water on the mixed dry materials while stirring.

[0032] Moisture standard: Reach the state of "holding a handful of soil, it will scatter when touched". That is, use your hand to grab a handful of soil, which can be kneaded into a ball, but when the soil ball is dropped freely from 1 meter high, it will scatter. At this time, the water content is about 60%-65%. Example 1

[0033] A method for planting Boletus edulis using grassfruit straw, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Preparation of Planting Substrate Raw Materials: The planting substrate raw materials consist of the following components in the indicated mass ratios: 45 parts of cardamom straw, 23 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of dried water chestnut leaves, and 5 parts of brewer's grains. Cut the cardamom straw to 7-8 cm lengths, crush the corn cob into 1-2 cm particles, and crush the dried water chestnut leaves to 2-3 cm. Soak the mixture in 100 parts of cardamom straw extract suspension for 42 hours. The method for preparing the cardamom straw extract suspension is as follows: After cutting the cardamom straw into particles, take 1000 parts of the cardamom straw particles and add 5000 parts of water in the indicated mass ratio. Place the mixture in a water bath at 80±2℃ and reflux for 4 hours. After filtration, add 1 part of inositol, 10 parts of yeast extract, and 5 parts of peptone to obtain the final product.

[0035] S2, mix the soaked cardamom stalks, corn cobs, water chestnut leaves and brewer's grains evenly and pile them up to ferment. After fermentation, spread them out to cool.

[0036] S3. On the prepared seedbed, spread a 15cm layer of planting substrate, then sow 50% of the inoculum. Next, spread a 10cm layer of planting substrate on top, sow another 30% of the inoculum, and finally, spread a 5cm layer of planting substrate on top, sowing the remaining 20% ​​of the inoculum. After sowing, erect a shade arched shed on the seedbed. The inoculum sowing rate is 800g / m². 2 The particle size of the strain is 1-1.5 cm;

[0037] S4. When the mycelium of *Stropharia macrocarpa* fully colonizes the surface, cover it with 2-3 cm of fruiting soil, then cover with 1-2 cm of pine needles. The pH of the fruiting soil should be 6.5-7.0, and the moisture content should be 36%-38% (it should clump together when squeezed in hand but crumble easily when dropped). Spray every three days with a mixture of trehalose solution and *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* extract solution at a volume ratio of 1:1.5, where the concentration of trehalose solution is 0.1 wt% and the concentration of *Gynostemma pentaphyllum* extract solution is 30 g / L, and the spraying rate is 0.5 L / m³. 2 A total of two sprayings were applied;

[0038] S5, Mushroom Management: After the mycelium has covered the casing layer, maintain a relative humidity of 85%-90% in the greenhouse, keeping the casing surface moist but not waterlogged. After mushroom emergence, the seedbed should be prepared as shown in the attached image. Figure 1 As shown. Example 2

[0039] A method for cultivating king oyster mushrooms using cardamom stalks includes the following steps:

[0040] S1, planting substrate raw material preparation: the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass fraction ratio: Amomum tsao-ko straw 40 parts, corn cob 20 parts, dry leaf of Zizania caduca 13 parts, beer lees 4 parts; the Amomum tsao-ko straw is cut to 7-8 cm in length, the corn cob is crushed into particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, the dry leaf of Zizania caduca is crushed to 2-3 cm, and the Amomum tsao-ko straw is soaked in 100 parts of the Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension liquid for 36 h. The Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension liquid is prepared as follows: 1000 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw particles are taken, 5000 parts of water is added in a mass ratio, and the mixture is placed in a water bath at a temperature of 80±2℃, and reflux extraction is performed for 4 h. After filtration, 1 part of inositol, 10 parts of yeast extract, and 5 parts of peptone are added to obtain the Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension liquid.

[0041] S2, the soaked Amomum tsao-ko straw, corn cob, leaf of Zizania caduca, and beer lees are mixed and evenly stacked for composting, and after composting, the composted material is spread and cooled;

[0042] S3, the planting substrate is laid on the prepared ridge bed to a thickness of 15 cm, 50% of the inoculum is sown, then a 10 cm thick layer of planting substrate is laid on top, 30% of the inoculum is sown, and finally a 5 cm thick layer of planting substrate is laid on top, 20% of the inoculum is sown, and after sowing, a sunshade arched shed is erected on the ridge bed; wherein the amount of inoculum sown is 800 g / m 2 , and the particle size of the inoculum is 1-1.5 cm;

[0043] S4, when the mycelium of the Megacollybia imperata fully covers the surface, a 2-3 cm thick layer of fruiting soil is covered, and then a 1-2 cm thick layer of pine needles is covered; the pH value of the fruiting soil is 6.5-7.0, and the water content is 36%-38% (hand-held into a ball, scattered when dropped); a mixture of trehalose solution and Panax japonicus extract solution in a volume ratio of 1:1 is sprayed every three days, wherein the concentration of the trehalose solution is 0.1 wt%, the concentration of the Panax japonicus extract solution is 30 g / L, the amount of spraying is 0.5 L / m 2 , and the spraying is performed twice;

[0044] S5, fruiting management: after the mycelium climbs over the soil layer, the relative humidity of the air in the shed is maintained at 85%-90%, the surface of the soil layer is kept moist but not waterlogged, and after fruiting, the ridge bed is as shown in FIG. 2. Figure 2 Example Three

[0045] A method for planting Megacollybia imperata using Amomum tsao-ko straw, comprising the following steps:

[0046] ​S1, planting substrate raw material preparation: the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass fraction ratio: Amomum tsao-ko straw 50 parts, corn cob 25 parts, dry leaf of Zizania caduca 17 parts, beer lees 7 parts; the Amomum tsao-ko straw is cut to 7-8 cm in length, the corn cob is crushed into particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, the dry leaf of Zizania caduca is crushed to 2-3 cm, and 100 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw leaching suspension is soaked for 48 h. The preparation method of the Amomum tsao-ko straw leaching suspension is as follows: after the Amomum tsao-ko straw is cut into particles, 1000 parts of the Amomum tsao-ko straw particles are taken, 5000 parts of water is added in a mass ratio, and the mixture is placed in a water bath at a temperature of 80±2 ℃, and reflux extraction is performed for 4 h. After filtration, 1 part of inositol, 10 parts of yeast extract, and 5 parts of peptone are added to obtain the leaching suspension.

[0047] S2, the soaked Amomum tsao-ko straw, corn cob, leaf of Zizania caduca, and beer lees are mixed and stacked for composting, and after composting, the mixture is spread and cooled;

[0048] S3, 15 cm of the planting substrate is laid on the prepared ridge bed, 50% of the inoculum is sowed, then 10 cm thick planting substrate is laid on top, 30% of the inoculum is sowed, and finally 5 cm thick planting substrate is laid on top, 20% of the inoculum is sowed, and after sowing, a sunshade arched shed is erected on the ridge bed; wherein the amount of inoculum sowing is 800 g / m 2 , and the particle size of the inoculum is 1-1.5 cm;

[0049] S4, when the mycelium of the Megacollybia imperata fully covers the surface, 2-3 cm thick fruiting soil is covered, and 1-2 cm thick pine needles are further covered; the pH value of the fruiting soil is 6.5-7.0, and the water content is 36%-38% (hand into a group, fall to the ground and scatter); a mixture of trehalose solution and Shanchen extract solution with a volume ratio of 1:2 is sprayed once every three days, wherein the concentration of the trehalose solution is 0.1 wt%, the concentration of the Shanchen extract solution is 30 g / L, the amount of spraying is 0.5 L / m 2 , and the spraying is performed twice;

[0050] S5, fruiting management: when the mycelium climbs over the soil layer, the relative humidity of the air in the shed is maintained at 85%-90%, the surface of the soil is kept moist but not waterlogged, and after fruiting, the ridge bed is as shown in FIG. 1. Figure 3 Comparative Example 1

[0051] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the Amomum tsao-ko straw leaching suspension in S1 is replaced with water soaking. Comparative Example 2

[0052] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that only the Shanchen extract solution is sprayed in S4. Comparative Example 3

[0053] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that only the trehalose solution is sprayed in S4.​ Comparative Example Four

[0054] Comparative Example Four and Example One are different in that the S4 step does not spray the mixture of the Panax japonicus extract solution and the trehalose solution.

[0055] Experimental Example

[0056] The furrows were prepared and the Stropharia rugosoannulata were planted according to the technical solutions described in Examples One to Three and Comparative Examples One to Four, with three repetitions for each treatment. Each treatment was planted in a 10m long and 1m wide area, i.e. the cultivation area was 10m 2 The mycelial state, the time for the mycelium to cover the planting substrate, the time for the mushrooms to appear (for the convenience of observation, the time for the first Stropharia rugosoannulata fruiting body to grow to 2cm was taken as the time for the mushrooms to appear), the weight of the mushrooms harvested each day (after the fruiting bodies fully opened), the cumulative yield, the morphological characteristics of the fruiting bodies, and the agronomic characteristics of the fruiting bodies were observed and evaluated, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0057] Table 1: Statistics of the mycelial state, mycelial coverage, and the time for the mushrooms to appear of Stropharia rugosoannulata

[0058] As can be seen from Table 1, the use of the technical solutions described in the present application can promote the germination of the mycelium of Stropharia rugosoannulata and accelerate the speed of the mushrooms to appear.

[0059] Table 2: Statistics of the yield and shape of the fruiting bodies of Stropharia rugosoannulata

[0060]

[0061] As can be seen from Table 2, the use of the technical solutions described in the present application can significantly improve the yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata and the cap diameter of the fruiting bodies of Stropharia rugosoannulata.

[0062] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using Amomum tsao-ko straw, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: S1, planting substrate raw material preparation: the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass ratio: 40-50 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw, 20-25 parts of corn cob, 13-17 parts of dry leaf of Zizania aquatica, and 4-7 parts of beer lees; the Amomum tsao-ko straw is cut to 7-8 cm in length, the corn cob is crushed into particles with a particle size of 1-2 cm, and the dry leaf of Zizania aquatica is crushed to 2-3 cm, and 100 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension is used for soaking for 36-48 h; S2, the Amomum tsao-ko straw, corn cob, leaf of Zizania aquatica and beer lees after soaking are mixed and evenly stacked for composting, and after composting, they are spread and cooled; S3, 15cm planting substrate is laid on the opened bed, 50% of the bacteria are sowed, then 10cm thick planting substrate is laid, 30% of the bacteria are sowed, finally 5cm thick planting substrate is laid, 20% of the bacteria are sowed, and a sunshade arched shed is set up on the bed after sowing; wherein the sowing amount of the bacteria is 800g / m 2 , the particle size of the bacteria is 1-1.5cm; S4, when the mycelium of Stropharia rugosoannulata covers the surface, cover 2-3 cm thick mushroom soil, and then cover 1-2 cm thick pine needles; spray a mixture of trehalose solution and Panax japonicus C. A. Mey extract solution with a volume ratio of 1:1-2 every three days, wherein the concentration of the trehalose solution is 0.1 wt%, the concentration of the Panax japonicus C. A. Mey extract solution is 30 g / L, and the spraying amount is 0.5 L / m 2 , and spray for a total of 2 times; S5, mushroom management: when the mycelium climbs over the soil layer, the relative humidity of the air in the shed is kept at 85%-90%, and the surface of the soil is kept wet but not waterlogged.

2. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using grassfruit stalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension is as follows: after the Amomum tsao-ko straw is cut into particles, 1000 parts of the Amomum tsao-ko straw particles are taken, 5000 parts of water is added in a mass ratio, and the mixture is placed in a water bath at a temperature of 80±2℃, and reflux extraction is carried out for 4 h; after filtration, 1 part of inositol, 10 parts of yeast extract and 5 parts of proteose peptone are added to obtain the Amomum tsao-ko straw extraction suspension.

3. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using grassfruit stalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value of the mushroom soil is 6.5-7.0, and the water content is 36%-38%.

4. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using grassfruit stalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass ratio: 45 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw, 23 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of dry leaf of Zizania aquatica, and 5 parts of beer lees.

5. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using grassfruit stalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass ratio: 40 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw, 20 parts of corn cob, 13 parts of dry leaf of Zizania aquatica, and 4 parts of beer lees.

6. The method for cultivating Stropharia rugosoannulata by using grassfruit stalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1 step, the planting substrate raw material comprises components in the following mass ratio: 50 parts of Amomum tsao-ko straw, 25 parts of corn cob, 17 parts of dry leaf of Zizania aquatica, and 7 parts of beer lees.

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