Equipment and method for preparing lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation

Abstract

The invention provides equipment and a method for preparing a lepidolite slag planting matrix for agricultural cultivation, and relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, the equipment comprises an elution pool, an elution mechanism and a bubble wave-blowing mechanism; a rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the inner side of the elution pool, two key blocks are connected to a surface key groove of the rotating shaft, an elution cylinder is connected to surfaces of the two key blocks through key grooves, six punching baffles are arranged on the inner wall of the elution cylinder in an annular array mode, and a mounting base is fixedly arranged on the front face of the elution pool. According to the scheme, rotation of a rotating shaft can drive a rotating disc and a driving block to rotate, then an annular frame drives two pistons to move left and right, gas in a compression cylinder is compressed into an elution pool, dense small bubbles appear in elution water, and through turbulent flow and shearing force generated by bubble breakage, the gas in the elution water is purified. Salt crusting on the surface of the slag is secondarily damaged, so that the elution time of the lepidolite slag is shortened, and the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and particularly relates to an equipment and method for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Substrate seedling raising in agricultural cultivation is a seedling raising technology that uses artificially prepared cultivation substrates to replace traditional soil and provide a suitable growth environment for seedlings. By scientifically proportioning and optimizing the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the substrates, the seedling raising efficiency and the quality of seedlings can be improved. Lepidolite slag is an industrial waste after lithium ore extraction. The traditional treatment methods are landfill or stacking, which occupy land and pollute soil and groundwater. By preparing substrates, the utilization rate of the slag can be increased to 70% - 80%, reducing the landfill area.

[0003] In the related art, lepidolite slag often contains high concentrations of soluble salts. Directly preparing the planting substrate will cause osmotic stress or even death of plant roots, and it is necessary to wash and desalt to reduce the risk of substrate salt damage. Most of the existing planting substrate preparation equipment desalts lepidolite slag through stirring. However, there is a phenomenon of salt crust on the surface of lepidolite slag. Using the stirring method for desalting requires a long elution time, resulting in low efficiency in preparing the planting substrate.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an equipment and method for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an equipment and method for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation, and solves the technical problem that in the related art, when the existing planting substrate preparation equipment desalts lepidolite slag, the elution time is relatively long, resulting in low efficiency in preparing the planting substrate.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the equipment for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation provided by the present invention includes an elution tank, an elution mechanism, and a bubble agitation mechanism;

[0007] A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the elution tank. Two key blocks are keyed to the surface of the rotating shaft, and an elution cylinder is keyed to the surfaces of the two key blocks. Six punching baffles are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the elution cylinder. An installation seat is fixedly provided on the front surface of the elution tank, and a driving motor for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft is arranged on the top of the installation seat;

[0008] The bubble rippling mechanism includes a rotating disk fixedly arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft. A driving block is threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk. Two compression cylinders are fixedly arranged on the back surface of the elution tank. A piston is slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders. A bracket is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two pistons. An annular frame is fixedly arranged on the opposite side of the two pistons. An air inlet pipe communicates with the top of each of the two compression cylinders, and an air outlet pipe communicates with the bottom of each of the two compression cylinders.

[0009] Preferably, key grooves for cooperating with the rotating shaft are formed in the inner sides of the two key blocks, and key grooves for cooperating with the key blocks are formed in the inner side of the elution cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the front surfaces of the two brackets are fixedly connected to the back surface of the elution tank. The driving block is located inside the annular frame. Check valves are arranged on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a screening mechanism is fixedly arranged on the top of the elution tank. The screening mechanism includes four guide rods fixedly arranged on the top of the elution tank. A screening frame is slidably connected to the surfaces of the four guide rods. Spring washers are sleeved on the surfaces of the four guide rods and located at the bottom of the screening frame. The top ends of the four spring washers are fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame, and the bottom ends of the four spring washers are fixedly connected to the top of the elution tank. An aggregate hopper is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the elution tank.

[0012] Preferably, a driving mechanism is rotatably connected to the inside of the aggregate hopper. The driving mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inside of the aggregate hopper. Three cams are fixedly arranged on the surface of the rotating rod and located inside the aggregate hopper. Pulley wheels are fixedly arranged at the front ends of the rotating rod and the rotating shaft respectively. A belt is sleeved on the surfaces of the two pulley wheels.

[0013] Preferably, a feeding mechanism is fixedly arranged on the top of the elution tank. The feeding mechanism includes two mounting frames fixedly arranged on the top of the elution tank. A bidirectional threaded lead screw is rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the two mounting frames. A feeding hopper is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded lead screw. The four guide rods are divided into front and rear groups, and slide rails are fixedly arranged at the top ends of each group of guide rods. Slide brackets are slidably connected to the surfaces of the two slide rails. The opposite sides of the two slide brackets are fixedly connected to the feeding hopper. A reciprocating motor for driving the bidirectional threaded lead screw to rotate is arranged on the left side of the left mounting frame.

[0014] Preferably, a cleaning mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank. The cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank. Two gears are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft. Two groups of teeth are fixedly provided on the surface of the elution cylinder. The two gears are respectively engaged with the two groups of teeth. A cleaning brush is fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft and on the opposite side of the two gears.

[0015] Preferably, two protective plates are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the elution tank. A support seat is fixedly provided on the surface of the elution tank. A plurality of support legs are threadedly connected to the bottom of the support seat.

[0016] A method for preparing a planting substrate from lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Pretreatment of lepidolite tailings:

[0018] Crushing and screening: crushing the lepidolite tailings to 80 - 120 mesh;

[0019] Water washing and desalination: mixing with water at a solid - liquid ratio of 1:2 (kg / L) and stirring for 30 min, and centrifuging to remove soluble sulfates;

[0020] S2: Microwave - low - acid synergistic detoxification:

[0021] Construction of acid leaching system: mixing the pretreated tailings with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3 (kg / L), adjusting the pH to 4.5 - 5.5, adding 5% calcium chloride as an enhanced leaching agent, and stirring to form a suspension;

[0022] Microwave - enhanced reaction: microwave power 600 W, heating for 30 min, and controlling the temperature at 80 - 90 °C;

[0023] S3. Solid - liquid separation and modification:

[0024] Centrifugal separation: centrifuging the reaction mixture (3000 rpm, 10 min) and collecting the solid filter residue;

[0025] Modification treatment: mixing the filter residue with 5% wollastonite powder, drying to a water content of <5%, and grinding to a specific surface area of ≥500 m 2 / kg to obtain detoxified lithium slag powder;

[0026] S4. Organic - inorganic composite fermentation:

[0027] Raw material ratio: mixing detoxified lithium slag powder (60%), straw (20%), livestock and poultry manure (15%), and lignite (5%);

[0028] Addition of microbial agents: inoculating Clostridium thermophilum and cellulose - decomposing bacteria, and the concentration of the bacterial solution is 1×10 8 CFU / g;

[0029] Fermentation conditions: anaerobic environment, temperature 55 - 60 °C, fermentation period 40 days, turning the pile once every 5 days;

[0030] S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation:

[0031] Compound ratio: fermentation product (70%), vermiculite (15%), biochar (10%), slow-release fertilizer (5%);

[0032] Activation treatment: spraying 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution (PGA), curing at room temperature for 7 days.

[0033] Compared with the related technologies, the lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment and method for agricultural cultivation provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] Put vermiculite and lithium mica slag into the elution cylinder at the same time. The addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lithium mica slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lithium mica slag, enhancing the contact efficiency between the lithium mica slag particles and the washing liquid. Moreover, when the elution cylinder rotates, collisions will occur between the vermiculite and the lithium mica slag particles, thereby destroying the salt crust on the surface of the slag and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft will drive the rotating disk and the driving block to rotate, and then the annular frame will drive the two pistons to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder into the elution pool, making dense small bubbles appear in the elution water. Through the turbulence and shear force generated by the bubble rupture, the salt crust on the surface of the slag is damaged for the second time, thereby shortening the elution time of the lithium mica slag and improving the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

[0036] Figure 1 It is the best structural schematic diagram provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the rear view provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the elution pool shown;

[0039] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the elution mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the bubble rippling mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 For Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of the cross-sectional view of the compression cylinder shown;

[0042] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the state where the shown rotating disk rotates to drive the annular frame to drive the two pistons to move left and right;

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the screening mechanism and the driving mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 For Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the cross-sectional view of the screening box shown;

[0045] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the blanking mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0048] 1. Elution tank;

[0049] 2. Elution mechanism; 21. Rotating shaft; 22. Key block; 23. Elution cylinder; 24. Punching baffle; 25. Mounting seat; 26. Driving motor;

[0050] 3. Bubble rippling mechanism; 31. Rotating disk; 32. Driving block; 33. Compression cylinder; 34. Piston; 35. Bracket; 36. Annular frame; 37. Air inlet pipe; 38. Air outlet pipe;

[0051] 4. Screening mechanism; 41. Guide rod; 42. Screening box; 43. Tension spring; 44. Aggregate hopper;

[0052] 5. Driving mechanism; 51. Rotating rod; 52. Cam; 53. Pulley; 54. Belt;

[0053] 6. Blanking mechanism; 61. Mounting frame; 62. Bidirectional threaded lead screw; 63. Blanking hopper; 64. Slide rail; 65. Sliding bracket; 66. Reciprocating motor;

[0054] 7. Cleaning mechanism; 71. Rotating shaft; 72. Gear; 73. Tooth; 74. Cleaning brush;

[0055] 8. Protective plate; 9. Support seat; 10. Support leg.

[0056] The realization, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] The present invention provides an equipment and method for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation.

[0059] First embodiment:

[0060] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 , an equipment for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation, including an elution tank 1, an elution mechanism 2 and a bubble agitation mechanism 3;

[0061] A rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the elution tank 1. Two key blocks 22 are keyed to the surface of the rotating shaft 21. An elution cylinder 23 is keyed to the surfaces of the two key blocks 22. Six punching baffles 24 are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the elution cylinder 23. An installation seat 25 is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the elution tank 1. A driving motor 26 for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 is arranged on the top of the installation seat 25;

[0062] Please combine Figure 4 : Put the lepidolite slag and vermiculite into the elution cylinder 23, and then start the driving motor 26. The driving motor 26 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 21 and the key blocks 22 to rotate. The rotation of the key blocks 22 further drives the elution cylinder 23 to rotate. By rotating the elution cylinder 23, the lepidolite slag inside is washed and desalted;

[0063] Furthermore, move the two key blocks 22 on the surface of the rotating shaft 21 to the separated sides, so as to cancel the connection between the key blocks 22 and the elution cylinder 23. At this time, when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the elution cylinder 23 will not rotate accordingly;

[0064] Preferably, the addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag, enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid. Moreover, when the elution cylinder 23 rotates, the vermiculite will collide with the lepidolite slag particles, thereby breaking the salt crust on the surface of the slag and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts;

[0065] Preferably, an opening door is arranged inside the elution cylinder 23 for putting in and discharging lepidolite tailings;

[0066] The bubble agitation mechanism 3 includes a rotating disk 31 fixedly arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft 21. A driving block 32 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk 31. Two compression cylinders 33 are fixedly arranged on the back surface of the elution tank 1. A piston 34 is slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders 33. A bracket 35 is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two pistons 34. An annular frame 36 is fixedly arranged on the opposite sides of the two pistons 34. An air inlet pipe 37 communicates with the tops of the two compression cylinders 33. An air outlet pipe 38 communicates with the bottoms of the two compression cylinders 33;

[0067] Please combine with Figure 7 : When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it will drive the rotating disk 31 to rotate simultaneously. The rotation of the rotating disk 31 drives the driving block 32 to rotate. By the rotation of the driving block 32, the annular frame 36 is driven to move left and right. The left and right movement of the annular frame 36 drives the two pistons 34 to move left and right, so as to compress the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the air outlet pipe 38, and discharge the gas into the elution tank 1 through the air outlet pipe 38, so that dense small bubbles appear in the elution water. Through the turbulence and shear force generated by the rupture of the bubbles, the salt crust on the surface of the slag is damaged for the second time;

[0068] Preferably, the driving block 32 is screwed forward to disengage the driving block 32 from the inner side of the annular frame 36. At this time, when the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotating disk 31 to rotate, the annular frame 36 will not displace;

[0069] Key grooves for cooperating with the rotating shaft 21 are formed in the inner sides of the two key blocks 22. Key grooves for cooperating with the key blocks 22 are formed in the inner side of the elution cylinder 23.

[0070] The fronts of the two brackets 35 are fixedly connected to the back surface of the elution tank 1. The driving block 32 is located inside the annular frame 36. Check valves are arranged on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe 37 and the air outlet pipe 38;

[0071] Preferably, small holes are formed in the surface of the air outlet pipe 38.

[0072] In this embodiment, different from the existing planting substrate preparation equipment, when this equipment is in use, vermiculite and lepidolite slag are simultaneously put into the elution cylinder 23. The addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lepidolite slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lepidolite slag, enhancing the contact efficiency between the lepidolite slag particles and the washing liquid. Moreover, when the elution cylinder 23 rotates, collisions will occur between the vermiculite and the lepidolite slag particles, thereby destroying the salt crust on the surface of the slag and accelerating the dissolution and separation of soluble salts. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 will drive the rotating disk 31 and the driving block 32 to rotate, and then the annular frame 36 will drive the two pistons 34 to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the elution pool 1, making dense small bubbles appear in the elution water. Through the turbulence and shear force generated by the bubble rupture, the salt crust on the surface of the slag is damaged for the second time, thereby shortening the elution time of the lepidolite slag and improving the preparation efficiency of the planting substrate.

[0073] Second Embodiment:

[0074] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , a screening mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged on the top of the elution pool 1. The screening mechanism 4 includes four guide rods 41 fixedly arranged on the top of the elution pool 1. A screening frame 42 is slidably connected to the surfaces of the four guide rods 41. Spring rings 43 are sleeved on the surfaces of the four guide rods 41 and located at the bottom of the screening frame 42. The top ends of the four spring rings 43 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame 42, and the bottom ends of the four spring rings 43 are fixedly connected to the top of the elution pool 1. An aggregate hopper 44 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the elution pool 1.

[0075] A driving mechanism 5 is rotatably connected to the inside of the aggregate hopper 44. The driving mechanism 5 includes a rotating rod 51 rotatably connected to the inside of the aggregate hopper 44. Three cams 52 are fixedly arranged on the surface of the rotating rod 51 and located inside the aggregate hopper 44. Belt wheels 53 are fixedly arranged at the front ends of the rotating rod 51 and the rotating shaft 21. A belt 54 is sleeved on the surfaces of the two belt wheels 53;

[0076] Please combine Figure 8 and Figure 9 : After putting the lepidolite slag into the screening frame 42, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 will drive the bottom belt wheel 53 to rotate. The rotation of the bottom belt wheel 53 drives the top belt wheel 53 and the rotating rod 51 to rotate through the belt 54. The rotation of the rotating rod 51 drives the cams 52 to rotate, thereby making the screening frame 42 move up and down, and then screening the lepidolite slag. The screened lepidolite slag finally slides into the elution cylinder 23 through the aggregate hopper 44.

[0077] In this embodiment, before washing and desalting the lepidolite slag, the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotation of the two belt pulleys 53 and the rotating rod 51. The rotation of the rotating rod 51 drives the rotation of the cam 52. With the cooperation of the tension spring 43, the screening frame 42 moves up and down, so as to screen the lepidolite slag, prevent large-particle lepidolite slag from falling into the elution cylinder 23. After screening, the surface area of the lepidolite slag is larger, and thus the contact area with the eluent will also become larger, thereby shortening the washing time of the lepidolite slag.

[0078] Third Embodiment:

[0079] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in FIGS. and, a feeding mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged at the top of the elution tank 1. The feeding mechanism 6 includes two mounting frames 61 fixedly arranged at the top of the elution tank 1. A bidirectional threaded screw 62 is rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the two mounting frames 61. A feeding hopper 63 is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded screw 62. The four guide rods 41 are divided into front and rear groups, and a slide rail 64 is fixedly arranged at the top end of each group of guide rods 41. A sliding bracket 65 is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two slide rails 64. The opposite sides of the two sliding brackets 65 are fixedly connected to the feeding hopper 63. A reciprocating motor 66 for driving the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 is arranged on the left side of the left mounting frame 61;

[0080] Please combine with Figure 10 : Start the reciprocating motor 66. The rotation of the reciprocating motor 66 drives the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 drives the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right. Through the left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63, the two sliding brackets 65 slide left and right on the surface of the slide rail 64. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly discharges the lepidolite slag onto the top of the screening frame 42, preventing the lepidolite slag from piling up during screening, and thus improving the screening effect of the lepidolite slag;

[0081] Preferably, a thread groove for cooperating with the bidirectional threaded screw 62 is arranged inside the feeding hopper 63. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 can drive the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right reciprocally.

[0082] A cleaning mechanism 7 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank 1. The cleaning mechanism 7 includes a rotating shaft 71 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank 1. Two gears 72 are fixedly arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 71. Two groups of teeth 73 are fixedly arranged on the surface of the elution cylinder 23. The two gears 72 are respectively engaged with the two groups of teeth 73. A cleaning brush 74 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 71 and on the opposite sides of the two gears 72;

[0083] Please combine with Figure 11When the elution cylinder 23 rotates, it will drive the two groups of teeth 73 to rotate at the same time. By the rotation of the two groups of teeth 73, the two gears 72 are driven to rotate. The rotation of the two gears 72 drives the rotating shaft 71 to rotate. By the rotation of the rotating shaft 71, the cleaning brush 74 is driven to rotate, so as to clean the gaps on the surface of the elution cylinder 23, prevent the lithium mica slag particles from blocking the elution cylinder 23, and improve the flow effect of the eluent.

[0084] Preferably, two sets of cleaning mechanisms 7 are arranged in left-right mirror image, and the rotation directions of the two cleaning brushes 74 during operation are opposite, so that the surface of the elution cylinder 23 can be cleaned from different directions.

[0085] Two protective plates 8 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the elution tank 1, and a support seat 9 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the elution tank 1. A plurality of support legs 10 are threadedly connected to the bottom of the support seat 9.

[0086] In this embodiment, by rotating the bidirectional threaded lead screw 62, the feeding hopper 63 is driven to move left and right. The left and right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly places the lithium mica slag on the top of the screening frame 42, preventing the lithium mica slag from accumulating during screening, and thus improving the screening effect of the lithium mica slag. When the elution cylinder 23 washes the lithium mica slag with water, the two groups of teeth 73 drive the gears 72 to rotate, and the gears 72 then drive the rotating shaft 71 and the cleaning brush 74 to rotate, cleaning the gaps on the surface of the elution cylinder 23, preventing the lithium mica slag particles from blocking the elution cylinder, and improving the flow effect of the eluent.

[0087] Fourth Embodiment:

[0088] A method for preparing a lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Pretreatment of lithium mica tailings:

[0090] Crushing and screening: Crushing the lithium mica tailings to 80-120 mesh;

[0091] Washing and desalting: Mixing with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 (kg / L) and stirring for 30 min, and centrifuging to remove soluble sulfates;

[0092] S2: Microwave-low acid synergistic detoxification:

[0093] Construction of acid leaching system: Mixing the pretreated tailings with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3 (kg / L), adjusting the pH to 4.5-5.5, adding 5% calcium chloride as an enhanced leaching agent, and stirring to form a suspension;

[0094] Microwave enhanced reaction: Microwave power 600 W, heating for 30 min, and controlling the temperature at 80-90 °C;

[0095] Preferably, the microwave thermal effect accelerates ion diffusion, and calcium ions combine with thallium ions through electrostatic interaction to form insoluble precipitates, with a removal rate ≥ 95%;

[0096] Function: The microwave thermal effect accelerates ion diffusion, and calcium ions combine with thallium ions through electrostatic interaction to form insoluble precipitates, with a removal rate ≥ 95%

[0097] S3. Solid-liquid separation and modification:

[0098] Centrifugal separation: Centrifuge the reacted mixture (3000 rpm, 10 min), and collect the solid filter residue;

[0099] Modification treatment: Mix the filter residue with 5% wollastonite powder, dry it to a water content < 5%, and grind it to a specific surface area ≥ 500 m 2 / kg to obtain detoxified lithium slag powder;

[0100] S4. Organic-inorganic composite fermentation:

[0101] Raw material ratio: Mix detoxified lithium slag powder (60%), straw (20%), livestock manure (15%), and lignite (5%);

[0102] Bacterial agent addition: Inoculate Clostridium thermocellum and cellulose-decomposing bacteria, with a bacterial liquid concentration of 1×10 8 CFU / g;

[0103] Fermentation conditions: Anaerobic environment, temperature 55 - 60 °C, fermentation period 40 days, and turn the pile once every 5 days;

[0104] S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation:

[0105] Compound ratio: Fermentation product (70%), vermiculite (15%), biochar (10%), slow-release fertilizer (5%);

[0106] Activation treatment: Spray 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution (PGA), and cure at room temperature for 7 days;

[0107] Preferably, PGA promotes microbial colonization, biochar adsorbs residual heavy metals, and slow-release fertilizer (NPK + trace elements) provides long-term nutrition.

[0108] In this example, different from the existing methods for preparing planting substrates, this method uses microwave-assisted low-acid-calcium enhanced leaching: accelerating the dissolution of heavy metal ions through a microwave field and achieving efficient removal of beryllium and thallium through a calcium ion replacement reaction; composite bacterial agent directed fermentation: using high-temperature anaerobic fermentation bacteria (such as Clostridium thermocellum, Bacillus) to decompose organic waste and stabilize the sulfur and alkali components in lithium slag; silicon-calcium group reconstruction: using components such as SiO2 and CaO in lithium slag to react with organic matter to generate humic acid-silicon-calcium composite colloid, improving the soil aggregate structure.

[0109] Please refer back again Figures 1 to 11 The working principle of the lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment and method for agricultural cultivation provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0110] Step S1: First, crush the lithium mica tail slag to 80 - 120 meshes, then add it to the feeding hopper 63. Start the reciprocating motor 66. The rotation of the reciprocating motor 66 drives the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62. The rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw 62 drives the feeding hopper 63 to move left and right. Through the left - and - right movement of the feeding hopper 63, the two sliding brackets 65 slide left and right on the surface of the slide rail 64. The left - and - right movement of the feeding hopper 63 evenly discharges the lithium mica slag onto the top of the screening frame 42;

[0111] Step S2: Cancel the key connection between the key block 22 and the key groove of the elution cylinder 23, and screw the driving block 32 forward. Then start the driving motor 26. The rotation of the driving motor 26 drives the rotation of the rotating shaft 21. The rotation of the rotating shaft 21 drives the rotation of the bottom pulley 53. The rotation of the bottom pulley 53 drives the top pulley 53 and the rotating rod 51 to rotate through the belt 54. The rotation of the rotating rod 51 drives the cam 52 to rotate, so that the screening frame 42 moves up and down, and then screens the lithium mica slag. The screened lithium mica slag finally slides into the elution cylinder 23 through the aggregate hopper 44;

[0112] Step S3: Remove the belt 54 on the surface of the pulley 53, reset the key block 22 and the driving block 32, and put vermiculite into the elution cylinder 23 (the addition of vermiculite will break the arrangement order of the lithium mica slag, thereby expanding the gaps between the lithium mica slag particles and enhancing the contact efficiency between the lithium mica slag particles and the washing liquid). Then start the driving motor 26. The rotation of the driving motor 26 drives the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 and the key block 22. The rotation of the key block 22 drives the rotation of the elution cylinder 23. Through the rotation of the elution cylinder 23, the lithium mica slag inside is washed and desalted. When the elution cylinder 23 rotates, the vermiculite will collide with the lithium mica slag particles, thereby breaking the salt crust on the surface of the slag;

[0113] Step S4: When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it will simultaneously drive the rotating disc 31 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating disc 31 drives the rotation of the driving block 32. Through the rotation of the driving block 32, the annular frame 36 is driven to move left and right. The left - and - right movement of the annular frame 36 drives the two pistons 34 to move left and right, thereby compressing the gas in the compression cylinder 33 into the air outlet pipe 38, and discharging the gas to the elution pool 1 through the air outlet pipe 38, so that dense small bubbles appear in the elution water. Through the turbulence and shear force generated by the bubble rupture, the salt crust on the surface of the slag is damaged for the second time;

[0114] In step S5, when the elution cylinder 23 rotates, it will drive the two groups of teeth 73 to rotate simultaneously. By the rotation of the two groups of teeth 73, the two gears 72 are driven to rotate. The rotation of the two gears 72 drives the rotation shaft 71 to rotate. By the rotation of the rotation shaft 71, the cleaning brush 74 is driven to rotate, so as to clean the gaps on the surface of the elution cylinder 23 and prevent the lithium mica slag particles from blocking the elution cylinder 23.

[0115] In step S6, after the water washing and desalting of the lithium mica slag are completed, the microwave-low acid synergistic detoxification, solid-liquid separation and modification, organic-inorganic compound fermentation, and nutrient soil compounding and activation of the lithium mica slag are carried out in sequence. Finally, the lithium mica slag is prepared into a planting substrate for seedling raising in agricultural cultivation.

[0116] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention under the concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An equipment for preparing a planting substrate with lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation, characterized in that, It includes an elution tank, an elution mechanism and a bubble agitation mechanism; A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the elution tank. Two key blocks are keyed to the surface of the rotating shaft. An elution cylinder is keyed to the surfaces of the two key blocks. Six punching baffles are arranged in an annular array on the inner wall of the elution cylinder. A mounting seat is fixedly provided on the front surface of the elution tank. A driving motor for driving the rotation of the rotating shaft is arranged on the top of the mounting seat; The bubble agitation mechanism includes a rotating disk fixedly provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft. A driving block is threadedly connected to the inner side of the rotating disk. Two compression cylinders are fixedly provided on the rear surface of the elution tank. A piston is slidably connected to the inner side of each of the two compression cylinders. A bracket is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two pistons. An annular frame is fixedly provided on the opposite side of the two pistons. An air inlet pipe is communicated with the top of each of the two compression cylinders. An air outlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of each of the two compression cylinders.

2. The preparation equipment for the lepidolite slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Key grooves adapted to the rotating shaft are formed in the inner sides of the two key blocks. Key grooves adapted to the key blocks are formed in the inner side of the elution cylinder.

3. The lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation device for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front surfaces of the two brackets are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the elution tank. The driving block is located inside the annular frame. One-way valves are arranged on the surfaces of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

4. The lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation device for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A screening mechanism is fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. The screening mechanism includes four guide rods fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. A screening frame is slidably connected to the surfaces of the four guide rods. Spring washers are sleeved on the surfaces of the four guide rods and located at the bottom of the screening frame. The top ends of the four spring washers are fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening frame. The bottom ends of the four spring washers are fixedly connected to the top of the elution tank. An aggregate hopper is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the elution tank.

5. The agricultural cultivation lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A driving mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner side of the aggregate hopper. The driving mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner side of the aggregate hopper. Three cams are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating rod and located inside the aggregate hopper. Belt pulleys are fixedly provided at the front ends of the rotating rod and the rotating shaft respectively. A belt is sleeved on the surfaces of the two belt pulleys.

6. The agricultural cultivation lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A feeding mechanism is fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. The feeding mechanism includes two mounting frames fixedly provided on the top of the elution tank. A bidirectional threaded screw rod is rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the two mounting frames. A feeding hopper is threadedly connected to the surface of the bidirectional threaded screw rod. The four guide rods are divided into two groups, front and back. A slide rail is fixedly provided at the top end of each group of guide rods. A sliding bracket is slidably connected to the surface of each of the two slide rails. The opposite sides of the two sliding brackets are fixedly connected to the feeding hopper. A reciprocating motor for driving the rotation of the bidirectional threaded screw rod is arranged on the left side of the left mounting frame.

7. The lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank. The cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the elution tank. Two gears are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft. Two groups of teeth are fixedly provided on the surface of the elution cylinder. The two gears are respectively engaged with the two groups of teeth. A cleaning brush is fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft and located on the opposite sides of the two gears.

8. The preparation equipment for the lithium mica slag planting substrate for agricultural cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two protective plates are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the elution tank, a support base is fixedly arranged on the surface of the elution tank, and a plurality of support legs are threadedly connected to the bottom of the support base.

9. A preparation method of a planting substrate using lepidolite slag for agricultural cultivation, characterized in that, The preparation method is used for the lithium mica slag planting substrate preparation equipment as described in any one of claims 1-8, and includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of lithium mica tailings: Crushing and screening: crushing the lithium mica tailings to 80-120 meshes; Washing and desalting: mixing with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 (kg / L) and stirring for 30 min, and centrifuging to remove soluble sulfates; S2: Microwave-low acid synergistic detoxification: Construction of acid leaching system: mixing the pretreated tailings with 0.5 mol / L citric acid solution at a ratio of 1:3 (kg / L), adjusting the pH to 4.5-5.5, adding 5% calcium chloride as an enhanced leaching agent, and stirring to form a suspension; Microwave enhanced reaction: microwave power 600 W, heating for 30 min, and controlling the temperature at 80-90 °C; S3. Solid-liquid separation and modification: Centrifugal separation: centrifuging the reaction mixture (3000 rpm, 10 min), and collecting the solid filter residue; Modification treatment: The filter residue is mixed with 5% wollastonite powder, dried to a water content of <5%, and ground to a specific surface area of ≥500 m 2 / kg to obtain the detoxified lithium slag powder; S4. Organic-inorganic composite fermentation: Raw material ratio: mixing detoxified lithium slag powder (60%), straw (20%), livestock and poultry manure (15%), and lignite (5%); Inoculant addition: Inoculate Clostridium thermophilum and cellulolytic bacteria, with the bacterial liquid concentration of 1×10 8 CFU / g; Fermentation conditions: anaerobic environment, temperature 55-60 °C, fermentation cycle 40 days, and turning the pile every 5 days; S5. Nutrient soil compounding and activation: Compound ratio: fermentation product (70%), vermiculite (15%), biochar (10%), and slow-release fertilizer (5%); Activation treatment: spraying 0.1% polyglutamic acid solution (PGA), and curing at room temperature for 7 days.

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