Gradually-expanded printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adaptive to two-phase flow and heat exchanger

Abstract

The gradually-expanded printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core comprises a cover plate, a bottom plate, a cold side plate layer and a hot side plate layer, a cold side gradually-expanded channel is of a flow channel structure with the width gradually expanded, and the sectional area of a flow channel dynamically adapts to gas-liquid phase change and volume change. And pressure drop fluctuation and bubble aggregation caused by gas phase expansion are reduced, the shunt channels and the divergent channels are arranged in parallel, an inner wall porous structure is combined, medium distribution uniformity is optimized through graded distribution and surface wettability enhancement, and the flow stability is remarkably improved. The turbulent flow ribs are arranged in the heat exchange channel on the heat side, combination of heterogeneous working media such as supercritical CO2-water and liquid hydrogen-liquid oxygen is supported by destroying a heat boundary layer, inducing turbulent flow and strengthening convective heat exchange and phase change heat transfer, the heat exchanger can improve the heat exchange efficiency while reducing pressure drop, compactness, reliability and wide working condition adaptability are considered, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Two-phase flow optimization and efficient heat exchange are achieved, and the extreme heat exchange requirements in the fields of aerospace, new energy and the like are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of printed circuit board heat exchangers, and particularly to a tapered printed circuit board heat exchange core and a heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technologies in industrial fields such as aerospace, petrochemical, and energy power, heat exchange equipment faces increasingly stringent operating conditions and needs to achieve more compact heat transfer efficiency under higher heat load conditions. This demand has driven the research and development process of new high-efficiency and compact heat exchange devices. The printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE), as a new type of high-efficiency and compact heat exchange device, has emerged. By combining microchannel structure design with advanced manufacturing processes, its comprehensive performance indicators have been significantly improved. The typical feature of this type of heat exchanger is that it uses chemical etching technology to form sub-millimeter precision flow channels on the surface of a metal substrate, and realizes the integrated packaging of multi-level flow channel structures through diffusion welding technology. Such structural characteristics endow it with high compactness parameters and can maintain structural stability under extreme operating conditions, including high-pressure environments and high-temperature scenarios. Relevant technological breakthroughs provide important technical support for the lightweight and intensive development of industrial equipment.

[0003] The cold and hot flow channels of traditional PCHEs usually adopt straight channels or fixed cross-section flow channel designs. However, in two-phase flow (such as gas-liquid mixture) conditions, straight channels are prone to problems such as uneven flow, bubble accumulation, and increased pressure drop, which in turn affect the heat exchange efficiency. Especially if the cold-side flow channel cannot adapt to the volume change of two-phase flow, it may cause local dryout or liquid film rupture, further exacerbating heat transfer deterioration. At the same time, traditional PCHEs have weak capabilities in solving instantaneous high-power operating conditions such as liquid hydrogen flashing and rapid heat absorption of supercritical carbon dioxide, and it is difficult to maintain temperature stability under such conditions.

[0004] In the prior art, although there are some optimized flow channel designs (such as wavy and zigzag flow channels), they are mainly for single-phase flow heat exchange and do not fully consider the dynamic characteristics of two-phase flow. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a printed circuit board heat exchanger designed specifically for two-phase flow to improve the flow distribution and heat exchange performance through flow channel geometry optimization and add corresponding structures to solve the problems of instantaneous high-power operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a tapered printed circuit board heat exchange core and a heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow are provided to improve the two-phase flow heat exchange efficiency and operating stability through the synergistic effects of a composite phase change material cover plate and bottom plate, a stepped tapered channel, a porous wall surface, and a heat transfer enhancement structure, while taking into account the temperature stability under instantaneous high-temperature conditions.

[0006] The present application provides a gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow, which includes a cover plate, a bottom plate, a cold side plate layer, and a hot side plate layer. The cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are respectively located between the cover plate and the bottom plate. The cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, and the cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are welded together;

[0007] Both the cover plate and the bottom plate include a substrate and a phase change layer. The phase change layer is formed inside the substrate, and a phase change material is filled in the phase change layer;

[0008] The cold side plate layer includes a cold flow channel inlet, a diversion channel, a gradually expanding channel, and a cold flow channel outlet. The cold flow channel inlet, the diversion channel, the gradually expanding channel, and the cold flow channel outlet are all formed on the surface of the cold side plate layer. The cold flow channel inlet, the diversion channel, the gradually expanding channel, and the cold flow channel outlet are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the cold flow channel inlet and flows out from the cold flow channel outlet through the diversion channel and the gradually expanding channel. The number of the gradually expanding channels is greater than the number of the diversion channels, and the width dimension of the gradually expanding channel gradually increases along the direction from the cold flow channel inlet to the cold flow channel outlet;

[0009] The hot side plate layer includes a hot flow channel inlet, an inlet diversion channel, a heat exchange channel, an outlet diversion channel, and a hot flow channel outlet. The hot flow channel inlet, the inlet diversion channel, the heat exchange channel, the outlet diversion channel, and the hot flow channel outlet are all formed on the surface of the hot side plate layer. The hot flow channel inlet, the inlet diversion channel, the heat exchange channel, the outlet diversion channel, and the hot flow channel outlet are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the hot flow channel inlet and flows out from the hot flow channel outlet after passing through the inlet diversion channel, the heat exchange channel, and the outlet diversion channel. Turbulence ribs are arranged inside the heat exchange channel.

[0010] Further, the gradually expanding channel is arranged parallel to the diversion channel.

[0011] Further, it is characterized in that a plurality of the turbulence ribs are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the heat exchange channel.

[0012] Further, the number of the inlet diversion channels, the heat exchange channels, and the outlet diversion channels is equal.

[0013] Further, a hole structure is arranged on the inner wall of the gradually expanding channel, and the inner diameter dimension of the hole structure gradually increases along the direction from the cold flow channel inlet to the cold flow channel outlet.

[0014] Further, in the direction from the end of the heat exchange flow channel close to the inlet shunt channel to the end of the heat exchange flow channel close to the outlet shunt channel, the width dimension of the turbulator rib gradually increases.

[0015] Further, the height dimension of the turbulator rib is 20% of the height dimension of the heat exchange channel.

[0016] Further, the inlet shunt channel is perpendicularly arranged with respect to the heat exchange channel, and the outlet shunt channel is perpendicularly arranged with respect to the heat exchange channel.

[0017] Further, the ratio of the shunt channel to the gradually expanding channel is 1:2 or 1:3 or 1:4.

[0018] The present application also provides a gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow, including the gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core provided in the above content adapted to two-phase flow.

[0019] The embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects: Through the collaborative design of multiple structures, this printed circuit board heat exchanger realizes the optimization of two-phase flow and efficient heat exchange. The gradually expanding channel on the cold side adopts a channel structure with gradually increasing width, and the cross-sectional area of the channel dynamically adapts to the volume change of gas-liquid phase change, reducing the pressure drop fluctuation and bubble aggregation caused by gas phase expansion. The parallel layout of the shunt channel and the gradually expanding channel combined with the porous structure on the inner wall optimizes the medium distribution uniformity through hierarchical distribution and enhanced surface wettability, significantly improving the flow stability. The turbulator ribs are arranged inside the heat exchange channel on the hot side, and by destroying the thermal boundary layer and inducing turbulence, the convective heat transfer and phase change heat transfer are strengthened. The porous wall surface on the cold side promotes liquid phase wetting and microscale phase change, synergistically improving the heat transfer coefficients on both the cold and hot sides. The flow channels on both the cold and hot sides are independently and hierarchically designed, supporting the combination of heterogeneous working fluids such as supercritical CO2-water and liquid hydrogen-liquid oxygen. The multi-stage gradually expanding channel, porous wetting surface, turbulator rib enhanced heat transfer, and phase change temperature control layer act synergistically to improve the heat exchange efficiency while reducing the pressure drop, taking into account compactness, reliability, and wide operating condition adaptability, meeting the extreme heat exchange requirements in fields such as aerospace and new energy. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Exemplarily shows the overall structural schematic diagram of a gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 Exemplarily shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cold side plate layer of an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 Exemplarily shown is a schematic structural diagram of a hot side plate layer of an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 Exemplarily shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate or a bottom plate of an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 Exemplarily shown is a partially enlarged schematic structural diagram of a cold side plate layer of an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 Exemplarily shown is a partially enlarged schematic structural diagram of a hot side plate layer of an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0028] To further illustrate the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, the following will provide a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners. Although the embodiments of the present application provide method operation steps as shown in the following embodiments or drawings, more or fewer operation steps may be included in the method based on routine or non-creative labor. In steps where there is no necessary causal relationship logically, the execution order of these steps is not limited to the execution order provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, the present application provides an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow, which includes a cover plate 1, a bottom plate 2, a cold side plate layer 3, and a hot side plate layer 4. The cold side plate layer 3 and the hot side plate layer 4 are respectively located between the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. The cold side plate layer 3 and the hot side plate layer 4 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, and the cold side plate layer 3 and the hot side plate layer 4 are connected by welding. Specifically, the cold side plate layer 3 and the hot side plate layer 4 can be connected by diffusion welding or brazing. The cover plate 1 is connected to the adjacent cold side plate layer 3 or hot side plate layer 4 by welding, and the bottom plate 2 is connected to the adjacent cold side plate layer 3 or hot side plate layer 4 by welding. The present application also provides an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow, which includes an expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core provided by the above solution.

[0030] Both the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 include a substrate 11 and a phase change layer 12. The phase change layer 12 is formed inside the substrate 11 or the phase change layer 12 is connected to the substrate 11 by vacuum diffusion welding, and a phase change material is filled in the phase change layer 12. The honeycomb pore diameter of the phase change layer 12 is 0.5 - 2 mm, the porosity is 60% - 80%, and the filled phase change material is an aluminum-based paraffin composite material with a filling rate of 90% - 95%.

[0031] Thus, in the face of instantaneous high-temperature working conditions, such as liquid hydrogen flashing or rapid heat absorption of supercritical CO2, the phase change material can suppress temperature fluctuations through latent heat absorption / release, and at the same time, the flexible characteristics of the phase change layer 12 can relieve the thermal stress of the metal substrate 11 caused by thermal shock and reduce the thermal fatigue of the heat exchanger.

[0032] The cold side plate layer 3 includes a cold flow channel inlet 31, a shunt channel 32, an expanding channel 33, and a cold flow channel outlet 34. The cold flow channel inlet 31, the shunt channel 32, the expanding channel 33, and the cold flow channel outlet 34 are all formed on the surface of the cold side plate layer 3. The cold flow channel inlet 31, the shunt channel 32, the expanding channel 33, and the cold flow channel outlet 34 are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the cold flow channel inlet 31 and flows out from the cold flow channel outlet 34 through the shunt channel 32 and the expanding channel 33. The expanding channel 33 is parallel to the shunt channel 32.

[0033] The cross-sectional shapes of the shunt channel 32, the expanding channel 33, the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, and the outlet shunt channel 44 are one or several of rectangle, semi-circle, circle, ellipse, and polygon. The shunt channel 32, the expanding channel 33, the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, and the outlet shunt channel 44 are straight channels, bent channels, or curved channels.

[0034] The shunt channel 32, the expanding channel 33, the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, and the outlet shunt channel 44 can be processed by chemical etching, machining, micro-EDM, high-energy laser, etc.

[0035] The number of the gradually diverging channels 33 is greater than the number of the diverting channels 32 , and the ratio of the diverting channels 32 to the gradually diverging channels 33 is 1:2, 1:3 or 1:4.

[0036] The width of the gradually expanding channel 33 gradually increases in a direction from the cold runner inlet 31 to the cold runner outlet 34 .

[0037] The design of the width of the gradually expanding channel 33 gradually increasing from the cold runner inlet 31 to the outlet is intended to dynamically adapt to the difference in volume changes of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the two-phase flow.

[0038] During the two-phase flow process, the gas phase fluid expands significantly due to thermal expansion, while the liquid phase fluid may shrink due to heat transfer or phase change.

[0039] Traditional equal-section flow channels are prone to sudden increase in local flow resistance, bubble aggregation or uneven liquid distribution due to mismatch in gas-liquid volume, which in turn leads to pressure drop fluctuations and reduced heat transfer efficiency. The gradually expanding channel provides a physical space buffer for gas phase expansion through the gentle expansion of the flow channel cross-sectional area, while adapting to the dynamic needs of liquid phase contraction, so that the gas and liquid phases can naturally adjust their distribution during the flow process, avoiding flow instability caused by sudden volume changes.

[0040] In addition, the gradually diverging structure further guides the medium to be evenly distributed along the flow direction through the parallel layout of the diversion channel 32 and the gradually diverging channel 33, reduces the local flow velocity difference, and thus creates a stable flow field environment for the coordinated transport and phase change process of the two-phase flow.

[0041] The design of the gradually expanding channel 33 significantly improves the stability and heat transfer uniformity of the two-phase flow. The gradient expansion of the flow channel width effectively alleviates the squeezing effect of the gas phase expansion on the flow cross section, reduces the risk of bubble merging and local blockage, and enables the gas and liquid phases to complete volume adjustment at a gentler rate, avoiding turbulent separation or reflux caused by sudden changes in cross section.

[0042] At the same time, the gradual expansion structure balances the distribution pressure of the gas and liquid phases along the flow path by gradually reducing the flow resistance per unit cross section, suppresses the drastic fluctuation of the pressure drop, and ensures the continuous and stable flow of the medium in the flow channel.

[0043] In addition, the synergistic effect of the gradually expanding channel 33 and the diverter channel 32 optimizes the flow distribution, so that the cold side medium can evenly cover the heat exchange surface, reduce the "flow dead corner" or local overheating / undercooling area, and enhance the overall heat transfer efficiency. The pore structure 35 design of the inner wall of the flow channel further complements the gradually expanding morphology, and promotes the spreading and microscale phase change of the liquid phase in the expansion flow channel through the gradient regulation of the surface wettability, thereby enhancing the heat transfer at the gas-liquid interface.

[0044] A hole structure 35 is provided on the inner wall of the gradually expanding channel 33, and the inner diameter dimension of the hole structure 35 gradually increases in the direction from the cold runner inlet 31 to the cold runner outlet 34.

[0045] A hole structure 35 with an inner diameter dimension that gradually increases along the flow direction is provided on the inner wall of the gradually expanding channel 33, aiming to optimize the dynamic matching of the gas-liquid phase change process and the flow distribution in the two-phase flow through the synergistic effect of the gradient surface characteristics and the flow channel morphology. In the two-phase flow, as the medium flows from the cold runner inlet 31 to the outlet, the proportion of the gas phase gradually increases due to endothermic expansion, while the liquid phase may shrink or locally evaporate due to phase change or heat exchange.

[0046] The traditional uniform pore size structure is difficult to adapt to the non-uniform changes in the gas-liquid ratio and the phase change rate in the flow direction, which easily leads to problems such as insufficient wetting of the liquid phase in the inlet section or gas phase retention in the outlet section.

[0047] By designing the pore size to gradually expand along the flow direction, the smaller hole structure 35 in the inlet section can maintain a higher capillary pressure, enhance the wetting ability of the liquid phase in the initial stage, and avoid local drying of the wall surface caused by the rapid expansion of the gas phase; while the pore size gradually increases in the outlet section, which reduces the capillary resistance, adapts to the flow requirements after the increase in the gas phase proportion, and promotes the release of the gas phase and the redistribution of the liquid phase.

[0048] In addition, the collaborative design of the hole structure 35 and the gradually expanding channel 33 can utilize the effect of the reduced flow velocity brought about by the expansion of the flow channel cross-sectional area, extend the residence time of the medium in the area of the hole structure 35, and strengthen the micro-scale phase change and heat transfer.

[0049] The width expansion of the gradually expanding channel 33 provides a physical expansion space for the gas phase, but a simple increase in the cross-sectional area will lead to a decrease in the spreading ability of the liquid phase (due to the reduced flow velocity and the enhanced dominant role of surface tension), which may cause a wetting fault. At this time, the pore size increases synchronously along the flow direction. On the one hand, in the inlet section, a high capillary pressure is maintained through the small pore size to force the liquid phase to fully wet the wall surface at the initial stage of the flow channel expansion; on the other hand, in the outlet section, the capillary constraint is reduced through the large pore size to avoid liquid phase retention or gas phase blockage caused by the too-wide flow channel. This enables the gas-liquid two-phase to relieve the volume mutation pressure by using the gradually expanding structure during the flow process and maintain the dynamic balance of wetting and phase change through the pore size gradient, thereby achieving multi-dimensional optimization from flow field stability to heat transfer efficiency.

[0050] This gradient pore size structure significantly improves the wetting uniformity and phase change heat transfer efficiency of the two-phase flow in the gradually expanding channel 33. The small pore size in the inlet section forces the liquid phase to penetrate deep into the porous wall surface through the high capillary effect, forming a stable liquid film coverage and suppressing the shielding effect of local gas phase aggregation on the heat transfer surface; the large pore size in the outlet section reduces the flow resistance, allows the gas phase to escape efficiently, and avoids the discontinuous spreading of the liquid phase caused by the expansion of the flow channel, ensuring the dynamic balance of the gas-liquid interface along the flow path.

[0051] Meanwhile, the pore size gradient change forms a spatial match with the cross-sectional expansion of the gradually expanding channel 33: as the flow channel width increases, the medium flow velocity decreases and the gas-phase expansion space expands. The gradually increasing pore size adapts to the growth of the gas-phase volume, reduces the flow disturbance caused by bubble coalescence and rupture, and maintains the smooth transition of the gas-liquid two-phase. In addition, the high capillary pressure in the inlet section promotes the micro-evaporation of the liquid phase, and the low resistance in the outlet section supports the gas-phase nucleate boiling, forming a natural transition from forced convection to phase-change-dominated heat transfer mode, thereby achieving efficient and stable heat exchange throughout the flow channel.

[0052] The hot side plate layer 4 includes a hot flow channel inlet 41, an inlet shunt channel 42, a heat exchange channel 43, an outlet shunt channel 44, and a hot flow channel outlet 45. The hot flow channel inlet 41, the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, the outlet shunt channel 44, and the hot flow channel outlet 45 are all formed on the surface of the hot side plate layer 4. The hot flow channel inlet 41, the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, the outlet shunt channel 44, and the hot flow channel outlet 45 are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the hot flow channel inlet 41 and flows out from the hot flow channel outlet 45 after passing through the inlet shunt channel 42, the heat exchange channel 43, and the outlet shunt channel 44.

[0053] The number of the inlet shunt channels 42, the heat exchange channels 43, and the outlet shunt channels 44 is equal. The inlet shunt channels 42 are perpendicular to the heat exchange channels 43, and the outlet shunt channels 44 are perpendicular to the heat exchange channels 43.

[0054] Turbulent flow ribs 46 are arranged inside the heat exchange channel 43, and a plurality of turbulent flow ribs 46 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the heat exchange channel 43. Among them, the range of the spacing dimension between adjacent turbulent flow ribs 46 is 2-4 times the width dimension of the heat exchange flow channel. In the direction from the end of the heat exchange flow channel close to the inlet shunt channel 42 to the end close to the outlet shunt channel 44, the width dimension of the turbulent flow ribs 46 gradually increases.

[0055] The shape of the turbulent flow ribs 46 is one or more of triangular, trapezoidal, or wavy. The height dimension of the turbulent flow ribs 46 is 20% of the height dimension of the heat exchange channel 43.

[0056] The design purpose of the gradually increasing width of the turbulent flow ribs 46 in the heat exchange channel 43 along the inlet to outlet direction is as follows: in the initial stage, the liquid phase has a high proportion and a fast flow velocity. It is necessary to reduce the flow resistance through the smaller width of the turbulent flow ribs 46 to avoid liquid phase backflow or premature gas phase separation caused by sudden increase in disturbance. As the medium flows towards the outlet, heat absorption causes the gas phase proportion to rise and the liquid phase evaporation rate to accelerate. The viscous resistance of the fluid decreases and the inertial effect increases. At this time, the gradually widened turbulent flow ribs 46 can enhance the cutting ability of the gas-liquid interface, destroy the thickened thermal boundary layer due to the reduced flow velocity, and promote gas-phase nucleate boiling and liquid-phase micro-convection by enhancing the turbulence intensity.

[0057] In addition, the spoiler ribs 46 with gradually increasing width form an asymmetric flow field structure with the extending direction of the heat exchange channel 43, guiding the medium to generate spiral secondary flow during flow, prolonging the contact time of the gas-liquid two-phase on the heat transfer surface, and at the same time balancing the difference in heat load distribution from the inlet to the outlet, avoiding the formation of local overheating or heat transfer dead zones.

[0058] The design of the gradually expanding spoiler ribs 46 significantly improves the heat transfer uniformity and phase change efficiency of the gas-liquid two-phase in the heat exchange channel 43. The relatively narrow spoiler ribs 46 in the inlet section generate moderate disturbance to the high-velocity liquid phase on the premise of maintaining low flow resistance, breaking the initial thermal boundary layer and accelerating the convection inside the liquid phase, providing preheating conditions for subsequent phase change; the spoiler ribs 46 that gradually widen from the middle section to the outlet section force the gas phase to collide violently with the surface of the spoiler ribs 46 during the expansion process by enhancing the blocking effect of the flow channel cross-section, promoting bubble breakup and redistribution, and suppressing the deterioration of heat transfer caused by gas phase coalescence.

[0059] At the same time, the gradient expansion of the width of the spoiler ribs 46 forms a dynamic match with the change of the gas-liquid ratio in the flow channel: when the liquid phase dominates in the inlet section, the narrow ribs reduce energy loss; after the gas phase proportion increases in the outlet section, the wide ribs strengthen the micro-scale mixing of the gas-liquid interface by expanding the disturbance range, accelerating the evaporation and condensation processes synchronously.

[0060] In addition, the continuous arrangement of the gradually widening spoiler ribs 46 forms "sparse-dense" alternating turbulent generation zones in the flow channel, inducing the medium to generate periodic vortices, which not only strengthens the heat exchange between the mainstream and the near-wall region, but also balances the temperature field of the flow channel cross-section through the transverse transport effect of the vortices, eliminating the local thermal stress concentration caused by the difference in the gas-liquid phase change rate.

[0061] This design realizes the adaptive regulation of the full-process heat transfer mode from the inlet to the outlet, enabling forced convection, nucleate boiling and condensation heat transfer to cooperate efficiently under multi-scale disturbances, and overall improving the thermal performance and operating condition adaptability of the heat exchanger.

[0062] The rib structure with a relatively narrow width in the inlet section reduces the initial pressure drop and at the same time establishes a stable turbulent foundation for the liquid phase through micro-disturbance; as the flow develops, the gradually widening ribs gradually enhance the binding force on the gas phase expansion, and utilize the interaction between the gas phase inertia force and the surface of the spoiler ribs 46 to convert the gas phase expansion energy into turbulent kinetic energy, which not only inhibits the flow channel blockage caused by excessive gas phase aggregation, but also promotes the renewal of the gas-liquid interface through turbulent pulsation.

[0063] In addition, the gradient change in width forms geometric coordination with the shape (triangle / trapezoid / wavy shape) of the spoiler ribs 46: the narrow ribs with sharp edges (such as triangles) in the inlet section can concentrate to generate high shear effects, accelerating the peeling of the liquid phase boundary layer; the wide ribs with a gentle transition shape (such as trapezoids) in the outlet section expand the turbulent coverage area to adapt to the gas phase diffusion demand.

[0064] This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to the application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate means for implementing the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in multiple blocks.

[0065] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in multiple blocks.

[0066] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in multiple blocks.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A diverging printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow, characterized in that, It includes a cover plate, a bottom plate, a cold side plate layer, and a hot side plate layer. The cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are respectively located between the cover plate and the bottom plate. The cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, and the cold side plate layer and the hot side plate layer are connected by welding. Both the cover plate and the bottom plate include a substrate and a phase change layer. The phase change layer is formed inside the substrate, and a phase change material is filled in the phase change layer. The cold side plate layer includes a cold flow channel inlet, a shunt channel, a gradually expanding channel, and a cold flow channel outlet. The cold flow channel inlet, the shunt channel, the gradually expanding channel, and the cold flow channel outlet are all formed on the surface of the cold side plate layer. The cold flow channel inlet, the shunt channel, the gradually expanding channel, and the cold flow channel outlet are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the cold flow channel inlet and flows out from the cold flow channel outlet through the shunt channel and the gradually expanding channel. The number of the gradually expanding channels is greater than the number of the shunt channels, and the width dimension of the gradually expanding channel gradually increases in the direction from the cold flow channel inlet to the cold flow channel outlet. The hot side plate layer includes a hot flow channel inlet, an inlet shunt channel, a heat exchange channel, an outlet shunt channel, and a hot flow channel outlet. The hot flow channel inlet, the inlet shunt channel, the heat exchange channel, the outlet shunt channel, and the hot flow channel outlet are all formed on the surface of the hot side plate layer. The hot flow channel inlet, the inlet shunt channel, the heat exchange channel, the outlet shunt channel, and the hot flow channel outlet are connected in sequence. The medium enters from the hot flow channel inlet and flows out from the hot flow channel outlet after passing through the inlet shunt channel, the heat exchange channel, and the outlet shunt channel. Turbulence ribs are provided inside the heat exchange channel.

2. The diverging printed circuit board heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 1, wherein, The gradually expanding channel is arranged parallel to the shunt channel.

3. The gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core and heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of the turbulence ribs are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the heat exchange channel.

4. The diverging printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the inlet shunt channels, the heat exchange channels, and the outlet shunt channels is equal.

5. The diverging printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 4, characterized in that A hole structure is provided on the inner wall of the gradually expanding channel, and the inner diameter dimension of the hole structure gradually increases in the direction from the cold flow channel inlet to the cold flow channel outlet.

6. The divergent printed circuit board heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the direction from one end of the heat exchange flow channel close to the inlet shunt channel to the other end of the heat exchange flow channel close to the outlet shunt channel, the width dimension of the turbulence rib gradually increases.

7. The divergent printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 6, characterized in that, The height dimension of the turbulence rib is 20% of the height dimension of the heat exchange channel.

8. The diverging printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inlet shunt channel is arranged perpendicular to the heat exchange channel, and the outlet shunt channel is arranged perpendicular to the heat exchange channel.

9. The gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ratio of the shunt channel to the gradually expanding channel is 1:2 or 1:3 or 1:

4.

10. A diverging printed circuit board heat exchanger adapted to two-phase flow, characterized in that, It includes a gradually expanding printed circuit board type heat exchange inner core adapted to two-phase flow as described in any one of the above claims 1-9.

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